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医学英语术语速记 how to master medical term rapidly. 认识世界的基本方法: 3 “ w ” 原则. what why how. what. thrombocyto ’ penia lympho ’ cytic leu ’ kemia. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: 医学英语术语速记 how to   master medical term rapidly

医学英语术语速记医学英语术语速记how tohow to master medical term rapidly master medical term rapidly

Page 2: 医学英语术语速记 how to   master medical term rapidly

认识世界的基本方法:认识世界的基本方法: 3“w”3“w” 原则原则

whatwhyhow

Page 3: 医学英语术语速记 how to   master medical term rapidly

whatwhatthrombocyto’penialympho’cytic leu’kemia

Page 4: 医学英语术语速记 how to   master medical term rapidly

医学英语术语医学英语术语(( medical termmedical term )) ::上述这些单词来源于希腊或拉丁词根上述这些单词来源于希腊或拉丁词根 ,, 有有特定的医学含义,我们将之统称为 -特定的医学含义,我们将之统称为 -医医学英语术语学英语术语 ;;医学术语学医学术语学(( medical terminologymedical terminology )) : :将专门研究它的学问称为-医学术语学将专门研究它的学问称为-医学术语学 ::an introduction to the language of veterian introduction to the language of veterinary and human medicine.nary and human medicine.

Page 5: 医学英语术语速记 how to   master medical term rapidly

上述的医学术语有的人可能不上述的医学术语有的人可能不认识,但下面的单词相信您是认识,但下面的单词相信您是

认识的认识的carcinoma 癌 hepatitis 肝炎cholesterol 胆固醇

Page 6: 医学英语术语速记 how to   master medical term rapidly

whywhy

三个数字10 万:医学辞典1.0 万:常用医学词汇0.1 万:每年医学新词

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医学英语术语究竟有多少医学英语术语究竟有多少 ??很难说清楚。最常用的恐怕也很难说清楚。最常用的恐怕也不下不下 11 万万条左右,若包括较常条左右,若包括较常用的在内总有数万条;一部比用的在内总有数万条;一部比较完全的医学词典,通常都收较完全的医学词典,通常都收载有载有 1010 万万条左右的医学词汇。条左右的医学词汇。

Page 8: 医学英语术语速记 how to   master medical term rapidly

随着医学及其边缘科学的迅猛随着医学及其边缘科学的迅猛发展,新的术语仍在与日俱增。发展,新的术语仍在与日俱增。特别是最近几十年来,每年差特别是最近几十年来,每年差不多要出现不多要出现 10001000 条左右新术条左右新术语。因而总的说来,医学英语语。因而总的说来,医学英语术语的条数是一个非常可观的术语的条数是一个非常可观的数量。数量。

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除了上述三个原因以外,还有除了上述三个原因以外,还有一个一个“词条冗长”“词条冗长”的问题。固的问题。固然有些医学英语术语和普通的然有些医学英语术语和普通的英语单词差不多,仅由几个字英语单词差不多,仅由几个字母或十几个字母组成,通过反母或十几个字母组成,通过反复地读和写能够记住它们,但复地读和写能够记住它们,但也有不少的医学英语术语,却也有不少的医学英语术语,却是长长的一大串是长长的一大串 ..

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例如:例如: cystoureteropyelone’phritis cystoureteropyelone’phritis 膀胱输尿管肾盂肾炎膀胱输尿管肾盂肾炎 hepatocholangioente’rostomyhepatocholangioente’rostomy 肝管小肠吻合术肝管小肠吻合术

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请看这样的医学英语术语,一般由请看这样的医学英语术语,一般由3030 个字母组成,如果凭藉我们的记个字母组成,如果凭藉我们的记忆能力,硬是把它们一个字母一个字忆能力,硬是把它们一个字母一个字母地连续背下来,显然也不是一件轻母地连续背下来,显然也不是一件轻松的事。 松的事。

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问题已经摆出来了,一个是数量大,问题已经摆出来了,一个是数量大,一个是词条长,怎么解决呢一个是词条长,怎么解决呢 ?? 我们我们能不能仔细地研究分析一下这千千万能不能仔细地研究分析一下这千千万万条医学英语术语的构成规律,找出万条医学英语术语的构成规律,找出一条“捷径”来,使其由多至少、化一条“捷径”来,使其由多至少、化繁为简、从难变易,以利于我们更快、繁为简、从难变易,以利于我们更快、更多、更好地把它们掌握起来更多、更好地把它们掌握起来 ??

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howhow toto master medical term rapidly master medical term rapidly

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规律性规律性medical term :按构词规则构成的

词占 80 %;另一部分是人名,药名等构成的词 , 占 20 %;

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先介绍几个有关词结构方面的概念。先介绍几个有关词结构方面的概念。     词根是一个单词的核心

词缀包括前缀和后缀( prefix and suffix ) 词素( morpheme )泛指词根和词缀 一条医学英语术语的构成,“原则上”应该是采用来源

一致的词素。 当以两个或两个以上词素构成一条医学英语术语时,为

了读音上的便利,常常需要在两个词素之间额外加上一个“连合元音” ( 也叫“复合形”或“结合形”, combining form) 。

一般说来,在两个希腊词素之间常加用元音“ o” ,而在两个拉丁词素之间常加用元音“ i”( 但有时也有例外 ) 。

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第一章 医学英语术语第一章 医学英语术语 构词规则 构词规则

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下面先举出几个例子,以便取下面先举出几个例子,以便取得一个初步印象。得一个初步印象。

希腊词素 连合元音 希腊词素 希腊词素 pyel 十 o 十 nephr 十 itis 词根 ( 肾盂 ) 词根 ( 肾 ) 词尾 ( 炎 )

→ pyelonephritis

肾盂肾炎

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希腊词素 连合元音 希腊词素 连合元音 希腊词素希腊词素 连合元音 希腊词素 连合元音 希腊词素 leuk + o + cyt + o + perialeuk + o + cyt + o + peria 词根词根 ((白白 ) ) 词根词根 (( 细胞细胞 ) ) 词尾词尾 ((减少,不减少,不足足 ))

→ 1eukocytopenia → 1eukocytopenia 白细胞减少白细胞减少

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拉丁词素 连合元音 拉丁词素拉丁词素 连合元音 拉丁词素 mult mult 十 十 i i 十 十 parapara 词根词根 (( 多多 ) ) 词尾词尾 ((产,产产,产妇妇 ))

→ multipara → multipara 多产妇多产妇

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拉丁词素 连合元音 希腊词素 希腊词素拉丁词素 连合元音 希腊词素 希腊词素 fibr fibr 十 十 o o 十 十 chondr + itischondr + itis 词根词根 ((纤维纤维 ) ) 词根词根 ((软骨软骨 ) ) 词尾词尾(( 炎炎 ))

→ fibrochondritis → fibrochondritis

纤维软骨炎纤维软骨炎

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医学术语分类医学术语分类

从属关系:词根 + 词缀关系并列关系:词根 + 词根

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从属关系:词根从属关系:词根 ++ 词缀关系词缀关系gastr + o+ itis → gastritis 胃炎规则一:后缀以元音开头,“ o”省略

leuk + o + cyt + o + penia词根 (白 ) 词根 ( 细胞 ) 词尾(减少)规则二:后缀以辅音开头,“ o” 不能省略

→ leukocytopenia 白细胞减少

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并列关系:词根并列关系:词根 ++ 词根词根规则:元音(规则:元音( oo)不能省略)不能省略

gastr+ o+ en’ter+o+ic 胃肠的 并列关系 从属关系

hepat+o+cholangi+o+ente’r+o+ostomy 并列关系 并列关系 从属关系

肝管小肠吻合

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第二节 常用后缀第二节 常用后缀

简单后缀复合后缀

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简单后简单后缀缀 : -ia (2), : -ia (2), conditioncondition --- --- 病,病, ------ 症症 复合后缀: -emia, -algia, -(o)rrhagia,

-ectasia, -malacia,-odynia,

-plegia, -uria,-penia

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-penia -penia deficiency , lack deficiency , lack         

不足,缺少 不足,缺少 ,,减少减少        

leucopenia 白细胞减少 erythropenia 红细胞减少lymphopenia 淋巴细胞减少 thrombopenia 血小板减少

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单词重音在倒数第二音节的词尾单词重音在倒数第二音节的词尾

-escence(2) adolescence-escent(2) adolescent-ian (2) pediatrician元音 +tion (2) accomodation-ious (2) infectious-ate (2) reticulate-ity (2) disability

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-uria-uria

urine condition urine condition 尿(症)尿(症)

hematuria (hemat/ uria) hematuria (hemat/ uria) 血尿血尿

    

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-plegia -plegia stroke, paralysis stroke, paralysis

中风,麻痹中风,麻痹

thermoplegia (therm/o/ plegia)      热射病,中暑

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-odynia -odynia

pain pain 痛  痛          

cardiodynia 心痛

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-malacia -malacia

softening softening 软化  软化              

osteomalacia (oste/o/ malacia) 骨软化

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-ectasia or ectasis -ectasia or ectasis stretching, dilatationstretching, dilatation

扩张,膨胀扩张,膨胀          

nephrectasia (nephr/ ectasia) 肾扩张   

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-ectasis-ectasis 扩张扩张

angiectasis 血管扩张 bronchiectasis 支气管扩张

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-algia-algia pain pain 痛痛          

           

arthralgia (atther/ algia) 关节痛neuralgia 神经痛 arthralgia 关节痛

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-emia -emia blood condition blood condition血病 血病 ,,血症血症

leukemia(leuk/emia) 白血病bacteremia 菌血症 septicemia 败血症hypercholesterolemia 高胆固醇血症

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--orrhagiaorrhagia出血出血

•gastrorrhagia 胃出血

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简单后缀简单后缀-y : condition, act, process-y : condition, act, process

------ 术,术, ------ 法,法, ------ 症症 复合后缀

-metry, -otomy, -ectomy, -graphy, -iatry, -ology, -pexy, -plasty, -(o)rrhaphy, -stomy, -scopy,-megaly

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-scopy (3)-scopy (3) examination, process of examining visually examination, process of examining visually

镜检查,视诊 镜检查,视诊

laryngoscopy 喉镜检查 bronchoscopy 支气管镜检查gastroscopy 胃镜检查 colonoscopy 结肠镜检查cystoscopy 膀胱镜检查

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-ostomy -ostomy process of making an opening into process of making an opening into or a connection betweenor a connection between 开口或吻合开口或吻合造口造口 (( 术术 )) 或吻合或吻合 (( 术术 )) anastomosis 吻合术 colostomy 结肠造口术gastrostomy 胃造口术

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-(o)rrhaphy -(o)rrhaphy suturing, process of suturingsuturing, process of suturing

缝合术 缝合术 Hermiorrhaphy 疝缝术 , 疝修补术

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-rrhaphy-rrhaphy缝合术缝合术

colporrhaphy 阴道缝合术herniorrhaphy 疝缝合术

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-plasty(4)-plasty(4) surgical reshaping or repair surgical reshaping or repair 成形术成形术arthroplasty arthroplasty 关节成形术 关节成形术 urethroplasty urethroplasty 尿道成形术尿道成形术 osteoplasty(oste/o/plasty) osteoplasty(oste/o/plasty) 骨成形术骨成形术

成形术成形术

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-pexy-pexy

a fixing or setting firmly in place by suturing 固定术

hepatopexy   肝固定手术

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-ology (3)-ology (3)act or process of studyingact or process of studying

学 学

Pharmacology 药理学

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-logist (3)-logist (3)one who studies and treats one who studies and treats 学者和治疗者学者和治疗者

urologist (ur/ o/ logist) 泌尿专家

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-iatry or –iatrics-iatry or –iatrics healinghealing

愈合愈合 ,, 医医 ................ 之之术           术           •podiatry 医足术

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-graphy (3) -graphy (3) process of recording process of recording

描记术 描记术 -graph -graph (3) (3)

that which recordsthat which records描记器 描记器

-gram -gram (3)(3) the record itself the record itself

描记图描记图     

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-ectomy -ectomy excision, process of cutting out excision, process of cutting out

切除切除 (( 术术 ))laryngectomy 喉切除术 thyroidectomy 甲状腺切除

术mastectomy 乳房切除术 cholecystectomy 胆囊切除术appendectomy 阑尾切除术

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--ootomytomyincision, process of cutting intoincision, process of cutting into

切开切开 (( 术术 ))

laparotomy 剖腹术 tracheotomy 气管切开术cramiotomy 颅骨切开术

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-metry -metry measurementmeasurement

测量测量 ,, 测定测定 (( 术)术)            dynamometry 肌力测量法

pelvimetry 骨盆测量法

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-megaly large -megaly large 大大

atriomegaly 心房肥大ventriculomegaly 心室扩大 splenomegaly 脾大typhlomegaly 盲肠巨大

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-e -e an instrumentan instrument器械 或名词后缀器械 或名词后缀

复合后缀: -scope, -tome ,

-cele, -cyte

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-tome-tome instrument for cutting instrument for cutting

刀   刀  

arthrotome 关节刀

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-cyte -cyte noun marker,referring to a cellnoun marker,referring to a cell

 细胞 细胞

leukocyte (leuk/ o/ cyte) 白细胞

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-cele -cele hernia, herniation hernia, herniation 突出,疝,肿突出,疝,肿

thyrocele (thyr/ o/ cele) 甲状腺肿

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-scope -scope instrument for viewinginstrument for viewing

镜   镜            

laryngoscope 喉镜bronchoscope 支气管镜laparoscope 腹腔镜 ophthalmoscope 检眼镜

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-itis -itis (2) (2) inflammationinflammation

炎症炎症

hepatitis (hepat/it is) hepatitis (hepat/it is) 肝炎肝炎

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-ist -ist one who specializes in ……one who specializes in ……

的专家,学者 的专家,学者 dermatologist 皮肤病专家

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-or(er) -or(er) refers to a doer, either a person or thing refers to a doer, either a person or thing

工作者工作者 (( 人或工具人或工具 ) )

incisor (in/ cis/ or) 切牙

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-osis (2) -osis (2) a condition, usually abnormal or pa condition, usually abnormal or p

athologicalathological异常或病理情况异常或病理情况

sclerosis (scler/osis) sclerosis (scler/osis) 硬化症硬化症

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-oma (2)-oma (2) swelling ,tumorswelling ,tumor肿胀,肿瘤 肿胀,肿瘤

sarcoma (sar/oma) 肉瘤

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-ism -ism a condition, usually the result a condition, usually the result

of a prior conditionof a prior condition情况,前一情况的结果   情况,前一情况的结果  

embolism (em/bol/ism) 栓塞

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-(i)um (2) -(i)um (2) refers to a part in relation to a whole, related torefers to a part in relation to a whole, related to

部分与整体关系,与…有关部分与整体关系,与…有关

pericardium (peri/ cardi/um) 心包epigastrium (epi/gastr/ium) 上腹部

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-ac -ac ………… 的      的          

cardiac (cardi/ ac) 心脏的

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-al -al ………… 的的

bronchial (bronch/ i/ al) 支气管的

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-ar -ar ………… 的   的   

tonsillar (tonsill/ ar) 扁桃体的

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-ic (2) -ic (2) ………… 的的

  hepatic (hepat/ic) 肝的

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-eal -eal ………… 的      的          

esophageal (esophag/ eal) 食道

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-ary -ary ………… 的的

ciliary (cili/ary) 睫状的

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--ous ous ………… 的  含……的 的  含……的  分泌…的  分泌…的               

mucous (muc/ ous) 粘液的fibrous (fibr/ ous) 纤维性的sebaceous (seb/ace/ ous) 皮脂的

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-oid (3) -oid (3) 类似,象类似,象

cystoid (cyst/ oid) 囊样的

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-meter -meter instrument for measuringinstrument for measuring

测量用器具测量用器具

thermoneter (therm/ o/ meter)   温度计

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-meter -meter (3) (3) 计、表计、表

spiromet 呼吸量计 ,肺量计

ophthalmometer 检眼计

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-(o)rrhea (1) -(o)rrhea (1) flow, dischargeflow, discharge流出,分泌流出,分泌

diarrhea (dia/ rrhea) 腹泻

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-lysis-lysis

dissolutiondissolution 溶解 溶解 decompositiondecomposition 解体 解体   

hemolysis (hem/ o/ lysist) 溶血

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-pathy -pathy disease, diseased conditiondisease, diseased condition

病,病理情况病,病理情况

ophthalmopathy 眼病

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-blast -blast a cell that is undifferentiated, pa cell that is undifferentiated, p

rimitive, embryonicrimitive, embryonic未分化的原始胚细胞未分化的原始胚细胞

hemocytoblast 成血细胞、原血细胞

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-centesis -centesis surgical puncture to withdraw surgical puncture to withdraw

fluidfluid 外科穿刺吸液外科穿刺吸液

amniocentesis 羊膜穿刺术

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-centesis-centesis 穿刺术穿刺术

paracentesis 穿刺术 thoracocentesis 胸腔穿刺术 amniocentesis 羊膜穿刺术 a

bdominocentesis 腹腔穿刺术

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-clysis -clysis washing, introduction of fluid for the pwashing, introduction of fluid for the p

urpose of irrigationurpose of irrigation洗洗

bronchoclysis

(bronch/ o/ clysis)  支气管灌洗

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-ptosis -ptosis a falling, the dropping or sagging oa falling, the dropping or sagging o

f an organf an organ落下落下

nephroptosis (nephr/ o/ ptosis)   肾下垂

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-ptysis-ptysis 咳、咯咳、咯

hemoptysis 咯血 pyoptysis 咯脓

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-(o)rrhexis -(o)rrhexis rupture rupture

破裂    破裂                   

hepatorrhexis(hepat/ o/ orhexis)

肝破裂

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-sclerosis -sclerosis a hardeninga hardening

硬化      硬化            

arteriosclerosis

(hepat/ o/ sclerosis) 动脉硬化

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-stasis -stasis arresting, haltingarresting, halting停止,制止停止,制止

bacteriostasis

(bacteri/ o/ stasis) 制菌作用

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-stenosis -stenosis a narrowing, a stricturea narrowing, a stricture

变狭,狭窄变狭,狭窄

arteriostenosis(arteri/ o/ stenosis) 动脉狭窄

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-gram-gram 图像图像

electrocardiogram 心电图 electroencephalogram 脑电图

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-graph -graph 描记器描记器

pneumograph 呼吸描记器

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-emesis-emesis 呕吐呕吐

emetic 催吐的 antiemetic 止吐的

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5050 个常用词根个常用词根 aden angi arteri arthr blephar bronch cardi celi

cephal cerebr

gland vessel artery joint eyelid bronchus heart abdomen (abdominal cavit

y) head cerebrum, brain

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5050 个常用词根个常用词根 cheil cholangi dermat encephal enter erythr esophag gastr hepat hypn

lip bile duct skin brain intestines red esophagus stomach liver sleep

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5050 个常用词根个常用词根 hyster lapar laryng mamm mening my myel myelon nephr neur

uterus abdomen larynx breast meninges muscle bone marrow; spinal cord bone marrow kidney nerve

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5050 个常用词根个常用词根 psych rachi

rhin splen stomat thorac trache urethr uter vesic

mind vertebra; spinal or vertebral

column nose spleen mouth thorax (chest) trachea urethra uterus bladder; sac

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5050 个常用词根个常用词根 ophthalm orchid oste ot pancreat pharyng phren pleur pneumon proct

eye testis; testicle bone ear pancreas pharynx mind pleura lung; air rectum

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第三节第三节 前缀前缀 a-a-

用于非 h 或非元音字母开头的形容词前(否则,变为 an-) ,

a+adj→adj 表否定 : without or absence of

不 , 无 ,没有 , 缺离 amorphous 无定形的 apnea 呼吸暂停 anhydrosis 无汗症

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a-a-

②用在名词前 , 含有 in, on, at, by, with, to等

意: a+n→advasleep 在熟睡中 (in)ahead 在前头 (in)aside 在一边( by)abreast 肩并肩地( with)

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a-a-

③a+n→adjalight 燃烧的

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a-a-

④a+adj→advaloud 高声地aright 正确地

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ab- ab- from, away fromfrom, away from

从,离开从,离开 在 m,p,v 之前用 a-; 在 c, q, t 之前用 a

b- abarticular 关节脱位

Page 100: 医学英语术语速记 how to   master medical term rapidly

ad-ad- to, toward, near to, toward, near 向,靠近,到向,靠近,到…………上上

adrenal 肾上腺

Page 101: 医学英语术语速记 how to   master medical term rapidly

ad-ad-

在 g前变为 ag f 前变为 af, afferent在 l 前变为 al在 n 前变为 an 在 r 前变为 ar在 s 前变为 as 在 t 前变为 at在 sc, sp, st 前变为 a- 在 c, k, q 同化成 ac

Page 102: 医学英语术语速记 how to   master medical term rapidly

ana-ana- up, back again up, back again

向上,重回到向上,重回到

anabolism 合成代谢

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ante-ante- before before

在前在前

anteflexion anteflexion 前屈前屈

Page 104: 医学英语术语速记 how to   master medical term rapidly

bi(n,s)bi(n,s) two,double two,double

两,加倍两,加倍 ,, 二二

biceps 二头肌

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auto- auto- self self自己自己

autotrophic 自营的

Page 106: 医学英语术语速记 how to   master medical term rapidly

apo- apo- upon upon

在…之上在…之上

apogee 远地点

Page 107: 医学英语术语速记 how to   master medical term rapidly

anti- anti- against against

反抗反抗

antidote 解毒剂

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antero-antero- front front前前

anteroposterior 前后的

Page 109: 医学英语术语速记 how to   master medical term rapidly

circum- circum- aroundaround

环行,围绕环行,围绕

circumduction 环行运动

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brady- brady- slow slow

缓慢的缓慢的

bradycardia 心率缓慢

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cata - cata - down down

catabiosis 老化现象

Page 112: 医学英语术语速记 how to   master medical term rapidly

co(n)- co(n)- with,togetherwith,together

与与…………,在一起,在一起

cocarcimogenesis 辅致癌物质

Page 113: 医学英语术语速记 how to   master medical term rapidly

co(n)-co(n)-

h 或元音字母前变成 co-, l 前变成 col-b, m, p前变成 com-r前变成 cor-在 c, d, f, g, j, n, q, s, t, v前用 con-

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contra- contra- against against

反抗反抗

contraceptive 节育

Page 115: 医学英语术语速记 how to   master medical term rapidly

dia-dia- though though;complete;complete

通过通过, 透过,横过, 透过,横过

diarthermy 透热法

Page 116: 医学英语术语速记 how to   master medical term rapidly

di-di- twice,double twice,double二倍,加倍二倍,加倍

diarthric 两关节的

Page 117: 医学英语术语速记 how to   master medical term rapidly

de- de- from from; ; down from; lack of down from; lack of

从从 .........,........., 缺乏,脱缺乏,脱

deoxidation 脱氧

Page 118: 医学英语术语速记 how to   master medical term rapidly

dis- dis-

①apart,free from,separate ,to undo; free fro离开,分开

dislocation 脱位,脱臼②二,加倍 disulfide

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dys-

bad,painful,difficult,labored,abnormal

困难的, 缓慢的,疼痛的 .

dysentery痢疾

Page 120: 医学英语术语速记 how to   master medical term rapidly

ec(to)- ec(to)- outside,outeroutside,outer

外面,在外外面,在外ectoderm 外胚层

Page 121: 医学英语术语速记 how to   master medical term rapidly

en- en- (在(在 b, m, pb, m, p 之前变成之前变成 em-em- ) )

in,withinin,within 内,在内内,在内

encephalic 脑

Page 122: 医学英语术语速记 how to   master medical term rapidly

endo-endo- inside, inner,inside, inner, within within

内内 ,, 内部内部

endocrine 内分泌

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eu-(←mal-)eu-(←mal-) good,well,normalgood,well,normal

好、正常 好、正常 , 佳, 优, 佳, 优

euphoria欣快,精神愉快

Page 124: 医学英语术语速记 how to   master medical term rapidly

epi-epi- over,upon,on over,upon,on

外面,上面外面,上面 , , 表,表位,在表,表位,在 ............ 上上面面

epigastrium 上腹部

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eso- eso- inward inward

esocataphoria 内下隐斜视

Page 126: 医学英语术语速记 how to   master medical term rapidly

e- e- 外出,除去,缺外出,除去,缺

ecaudate 无尾的

Page 127: 医学英语术语速记 how to   master medical term rapidly

exex (( oo )) -- out of ,from out of ,from ,outs ,outside, outwardide, outward

外面,向外的外面,向外的 ,, 在……之外,在……之外,离开离开

excision 切除在 b, d, g, h, m, n, r 之前有时变成 e-

在 f前变成 ef-

efferent 传出的

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extra-extra- outside of,beyond outside of,beyond 在…在………外面, 超过……外面, 超过

extracorporeal 体外的

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hemi- hemi- half half

(( 一一 ))半半hemiparalysis 偏瘫

Page 130: 医学英语术语速记 how to   master medical term rapidly

hyper- hyper- above, excessive above, excessive

高,高, 过度,过度, 过多的过多的

hypertention 高血压

Page 131: 医学英语术语速记 how to   master medical term rapidly

hypo-hypo- under, less than normal , under, less than normal ,below, incbelow, inc

omplete, deficientomplete, deficient低少于正常低少于正常 , , 低,不足的,有缺陷低,不足的,有缺陷

的的

hypoglycemia 低血糖

Page 132: 医学英语术语速记 how to   master medical term rapidly

in- in- in,intoin,into

在内在内 ,, 进入进入

ingestion 摄入

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in- in- notnot

否定否定 ,, 不不

incoagulability 不凝性在 b, m, p 之前变成 im-在 l前变成 il-在 r前变成 ir-

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infra- infra- below,lower below,lower

在下在下 ,,低于低于infracostal 肋下的

Page 135: 医学英语术语速记 how to   master medical term rapidly

intra- intra- withinwithin(在)内(在)内

intravenous 静脉的

Page 136: 医学英语术语速记 how to   master medical term rapidly

inter- inter- betweenbetween

在在 ------ 之间之间

interventricular 室间的

Page 137: 医学英语术语速记 how to   master medical term rapidly

meta- after, beyond ,change 偏 ,旁 , 变macro- large 大 mal- bad , malnutrition 营养不良meso- middle mesoderm 中胚层

Page 138: 医学英语术语速记 how to   master medical term rapidly

micro- small 小multi- many 多neo- (← paleo-) new 新nulli- none 无 

Page 139: 医学英语术语速记 how to   master medical term rapidly

ob- ob- (在(在 c,f, g,pc,f, g,p 前分别变成前分别变成

oc-,of-,og-,op-oc-,of-,og-,op- ))对抗,颠倒,在前,朝向,接近对抗,颠倒,在前,朝向,接近

obovate 倒卵形的

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pan- pan- all, totalall, total

(( 在在 b, m, pb, m, p 之前变成之前变成 pam- )pam- )完全,全部,总,泛,多完全,全部,总,泛,多

panangitis 血管全层炎

Page 141: 医学英语术语速记 how to   master medical term rapidly

para-para- beside, alongside, abnormal beside, alongside, abnormal , ,

beyond, around beyond, around 旁,附着,异常旁,附着,异常

paranephric 肾旁的,肾上腺的 (-para) 产

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per- per- through through

通过通过peroral 经口的

Page 143: 医学英语术语速记 how to   master medical term rapidly

post- post- after,behindafter,behind

在后,在在后,在 ------后方后方

postnasal 鼻后的

Page 144: 医学英语术语速记 how to   master medical term rapidly

peri- peri- surrounding (outer), surrounding (outer), aroundaround

周围周围

perihepatitis 肝周炎

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pre- pre- before,in front of before,in front of

premolar 前磨牙

Page 146: 医学英语术语速记 how to   master medical term rapidly

semi- semi- half half 半半

semisynthetic 半合成的

Page 147: 医学英语术语速记 how to   master medical term rapidly

pros-pros- to ,near, in addition to to ,near, in addition to

到,靠近,加上到,靠近,加上

prosthetice 修复学

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pro- pro- before, in front ofbefore, in front of

在之前在之前

prognosis 预后

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poly- poly- many, much many, much

polypeptide 多肽

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re- back retro- back; behind

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sub- sub- under under, below, below

在下在下

subcutaneous 皮下的

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supra- supra- above,over above,over高于,超过高于,超过

supracranial 颅上的

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super-super- above,over above,over高于,超过高于,超过

superlactation 泌乳过多

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syn- syn- (在(在 b, m, pb, m, p 之前变成之前变成 sysy

m-m- ) ) with, togetherwith, together,joined,joined 与……在一起,合成与……在一起,合成

synapse 突触,神经键

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trans-trans- across, through, over across, through, over, beyond, beyond

transabdominal 通过腹部的

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tachy- tachy- fast; rapid fast; rapid

tachycardia 心动过速

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tetra- tetra- fourfour

tetralogy 四联症

Page 158: 医学英语术语速记 how to   master medical term rapidly

tri- three

trimester 三月期

uni- one

unilateral 单侧的

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ultra- ultra- beyond; excess beyond; excess

ultrasonic 超声的

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part Ⅱpart Ⅱ 各系统常用各系统常用词根词根与与例例词词表表

第一章 心血管系统

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cardi (o)-cardi (o)- 心 心

cardiovascular 心血管的cardiogenic 心源性的cardiopulmonary 心肺的 cardiopathy 心脏病

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atri (o)-atri (o)- 心房 心房

atrial 心房的 atriopeptin 心房肽激素atrioventricular 房室的 atriomegaly 心房肥大

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ventricul (o)-ventricul (o)- 心室 心室

ventricular (心 )室的 ventriculoarterial 心室动脉的ventriculography 心室造影术 ventriculomegaly 心室扩大

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valv (o)- valv (o)- valvuvalvull (o)- (o)-瓣膜 瓣膜

valvular 瓣膜的 valvotomy 瓣膜切开术 valvoplasty 瓣膜成形术 valvuloplasty 瓣膜成形术

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vas (o)-vas (o)-angi (o)angi (o) 血管 血管

vascular 血管的 vasoconstriction 血管收缩vasodilator 血管舒张( 的 )

vasculitis 脉管 angiography 血管造影术 angiotensin 血管紧张素

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arteri (o)-arteri (o)- 动脉 动脉 arterial 动脉的arteriography 动脉造影术arteriosclerosis 动脉硬化 arteritis 动脉炎

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arteriol (o)-arteriol (o)- 小动脉 小动脉 arteriolar 小动脉的 arterioloscleroisis 小动脉硬化 arteriolopathy 小动脉病 arteriolonecrosis 小动脉坏死arteriolitis 小动脉炎 arteriolovenous 小动脉静脉的

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ven (o)- ven (o)- phleb (o)-phleb (o)-静脉静脉

venous 静脉的 venoconstriction静脉收缩 venography静脉造影术 venodilation静脉扩张phlebitis 静脉炎 phlebotomy 静脉切开术

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venulvenul(o)-(o)- 小静脉小静脉

venular 小静脉的venulitis 小静脉炎

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aort(o)aort(o) 主动脉主动脉

aortic 主动脉的 aortography 主动脉造影术aortitis 主动脉炎 aortotomy 主动脉切开术

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capillar (o)capillar (o) - -毛细毛细血管 血管

capillarity毛细作用 capillaritis毛细管炎 capillaropathy毛细血管病

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pulspuls(o)-(o)-脉搏脉搏

pulsed 脉搏的,脉冲的 pulseless 无脉搏的pulsation 搏动 pulsate 搏动

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第二章 呼吸系统第二章 呼吸系统

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-spir (o)-spir (o)呼吸 呼吸

respiratory 呼吸的 expiratory 呼气的inspiratory 吸气的 expire 呼气

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pneum (o)-pneum (o)- 呼吸 呼吸

pneumothorax 气胸 pneumomediastinum 纵隔积气

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pneumat (o)-pneumat (o)- 呼吸 呼吸

pneumatic 气的,呼吸的 pneumotosis 积气症

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-pnea-pnea 呼吸 呼吸

apnea 呼吸暂停dyspnea 呼吸困难

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pneo-pneo- 呼吸 呼吸

eupnea 呼吸正常pneogram 呼吸 运动描记图

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naso-naso- 鼻鼻

nasal 鼻的 nasolacrimal 鼻泪的

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nas (o)-nas (o)- 鼻鼻

nasopharyngeal 鼻咽的 nasotracheal 鼻气管的

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rhin (o)-rhin (o)- 鼻鼻

rhinitis 鼻炎 rhinotracheitis 鼻气管rhinovirus 鼻病毒 rhinopneumonitis 鼻肺炎

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laryng (o)-laryng (o)- 喉喉

laryngeal 喉的 laryngitis 喉炎laryngoscope 喉镜 laryngoscopy 喉镜检查

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glott (o)-glott (o)- 声门声门 ,, 舌舌 glottic 声门的,舌的 glottal 声门的glottitis 舌炎 glottology 舌学

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trache (o)-trache (o)- 气管气管

tracheal 气管的 trachectomy 气管切开术trachitis 气管炎 tracheobronchial 气管支气管的

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bronch (o)-bronch (o)- 支气管支气管

bronchial 支气管的 bronchoconstriction 支气管收缩bronchitis 支气管炎 bronchiectasis 支气管扩张bronchopulmonary 支气管肺的

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bronchiol(o)-bronchiol(o)- 细支气管细支气管

bronchiolitis 细支气管炎 bronchioli (bronchiolus 复数 )

bronchiolar 细支气管的 bronchiolectasis 细支气管扩张

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pulmo (n)-pulmo (n)- 肺肺

pulmonary 肺的 pulmonology 肺科学pulmonectomy 全 肺切除术

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pneumon (o)-pneumon (o)- 肺肺

pneumonia 肺炎 pneumonectomy 肺切除术 pneumoconiosis 尘肺病pneumococcal 肺炎球菌的 pneumocyte 肺细胞

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alvealveolol (o)- (o)- 肺泡肺泡 alveolar 小泡的 alveolitis 肺泡炎alveoli (alveoli 复数 ) alveolocapillary 肺泡毛细管的

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pleur (o)-pleur (o)- 胸膜 胸膜

pleural 胸膜的 pleuritis 肺胸膜炎pleurisy 胸膜炎 pleuropneumonia 胸膜肺炎

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第三章 消化系统第三章 消化系统

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-gest (o)--gest (o)- 消化 消化 digestive 消化的 maldigestion 消化不良ingestion 食入,摄入indigestion 消化不良

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peps (o)-peps (o)- 消化消化

pepsin 胃蛋白酶 pepstatin 胃酶抑素dyspepsia 消化不良 pepsinogenic 胃蛋白原的

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pharyng (o)-pharyng (o)- 咽 咽 pharyngeal 咽的pharyngo1aryngeal 咽喉的pharyngitis 咽炎 pharyngotonsillitis 咽扁桃体炎pharyngoplasty 咽成形术 pharyngectomy 咽部分切除术

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esophag (o)-esophag (o)- 食管 食管

esophageal 食管的 esophagectomy 食管切除术esophagitis 食管炎 esophagoscopy 食管镜检查

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gastr (o)-gastr (o)- 胃 胃 gastrointestinal 胃肠的 gastrin 促胃液素 gastric 胃的 gastritis 胃炎gastrectomy 胃切除术 gastroenterology 胃肠病学

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stomach-stomach- 胃 胃 stomachial 胃的 stomachodynia 胃痛stomachalgia 胃痛 stomachoscopy 胃检查

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enter (o)-enter (o)- 肠肠

enterotoxin 肠毒素 enterobacteriaceae 肠杆菌科enteric, enteral 肠的 enterococcus 肠球菌科

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duoden (o)-duoden (o)- 十二指肠十二指肠

duodenal 十二指肠的 duodenogastric 十二指肠胃的duodenitis 十二指肠炎 duodenoscopy 十二指肠镜检查

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jejun (o) -jejun (o) - 空肠空肠

jejunal 空肠的 jejunoileal 空肠回肠的jejunitis 空肠炎 jejunostomy 空肠造口术

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ile (o) -ile (o) - 回肠 回肠

ileal 回肠的 ileocolic 回肠结肠的ileitis 回肠炎 ileocolostomy 回肠结肠吻合术 ileocecal 回肠盲肠的 ileorectal 回肠直肠的

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colon (o) -colon (o) - 结肠结肠 colonic 结肠的 colonoplasty 结肠成形术colonoscopy 结肠镜检查 colonofibroscope 纤维结肠镜

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cec (o) -cec (o) - 盲肠盲肠

cecal 盲肠的 cecoapendicular 盲肠阑尾的cecocolonic 盲肠结肠的 cecorectal 盲肠直肠的

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typhl (o) -typhl (o) - 盲肠盲肠

typhlitis 盲肠炎 typhlostomy 盲肠造口术typhlocolitis 盲肠结肠炎 typhlomegaly 盲肠巨大

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appendic (o) -appendic (o) - 阑尾 阑尾

appendicitis 阑尾炎 appendiceal 阑尾的append(ic)ectomy 阑尾切除术

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sigmoid (o) -sigmoid (o) - 乙状结肠乙状结肠

sigmoidal 乙状结肠的 sigmoidoscopy 乙状结肠镜检查sigmoiditits 乙状结肠炎 sigmoidostomy 乙状结肠造口术

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rect (o) -rect (o) - 直肠直肠

rectal 直肠的 rectocolitis 直肠结肠炎rectoromanoscopy 直肠乙状结肠镜检查

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an (o)-an (o)- 肛门 肛门

anal 肛门的 anorectal 肛门直肠的perianal 肛周的anoscopy 肛门镜检查

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procto (co)-procto (co)- 肛门 肛门

proctalgia 肛门痛 proctatresia 肛门闭锁

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arch (o)—arch (o)— 肛门肛门

architis 肛门炎 archoptosis 脱肛

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cholecyst(o)- or –cyst-cholecyst(o)- or –cyst-胆囊胆囊

cholecystitis 胆囊炎cholecystography 胆囊造影术cho1ecystokinin 缩胆素 cholecystectomy 胆囊切除术cholecystotomy 胆囊切开术 cholecyststomy 胆囊造口术

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jec-jec- 肝 肝

jecoral 肝的 jecoic acid 肝酸

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hepat (o)-hepat (o)- 肝 肝 hepatic 肝的 heparin 肝素hepatitis 肝炎 hepatocellular 肝细胞的

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pancreat (o)-pancreat (o)- 胰胰 pancreatic 胰的 pancreatin 胰酶pancreatitis 胰腺炎 pancreatopeptidase 胰肽酶

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choledoch (o)-choledoch (o)- 胆总管 胆总管

choledochal 胆总管的 choledochocele 胆总管囊肿

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  cholangi (o)-cholangi (o)- 胆管胆管

cholangitis 胆管炎cholangiopancreatography 胆管胰造影术 cholangiography 胆管造影术

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第四章 泌尿系统第四章 泌尿系统

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urin (o)-urin (o)- 尿 尿

urinary 尿的,泌尿的 urinalysis 尿分析(法)urination 排尿

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ur (o)-ur (o)-uron (o)-uron (o)-

尿 尿

urology 泌尿学urodynamics 尿动力学uremia 尿毒症 urogenital 泌尿生殖器的

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ren (o)-ren (o)- 肾肾

renal 肾的 renography 肾 x线照相术renin 肾素 renovascular 肾血管的

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nephr (o)-nephr (o)- 肾肾 nephrology 肾病学 nephrectomy 肾切nephropathy 肾病变 nephritis 肾炎nephron 肾单位 nephrotoxicity 肾毒性

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pelvi-pelvi- 肾盂 肾盂

pelviscopy 肾盂检查术 ueteropelvic 输尿管肾盂的 pelviplasty 肾盂成形术 pelviureteral 肾盂输尿管的

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pyel (o)-pyel (o)- 肾盂 肾盂

pyelonephritis 肾盂肾炎 pyelography 肾盂造影术

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ureter (o)-ureter (o)- 输尿管输尿管 ureteral 输尿管的 ureteroscopy 输尿管镜检查ureteric 输尿管的 ureterocele 输尿管囊肿

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vesic (o)-vesic (o)- 膀胱膀胱 vesical 膀胱的 vesicostomy 膀胱造口术vesicovaginal 膀胱阴道的 veslcorectal 膀胱直肠的

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cyst (o)-cyst (o)- 膀胱膀胱

cystic 囊 ( 膀胱,胆囊 ) 的 cystoscopy 膀胱镜检查cystitis 膀胱炎 cystostomy 膀胱造口术

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meat (o)-meat (o)- 尿道尿道

meatal 道的,口的 meatoscope 尿道窥镜meatotomy 尿道口切开术 meatoplasty 尿道成形术

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urethr (o)-urethr (o)- 尿道尿道

urethral 尿道的 urethritis 尿道炎urethrotomy 尿道切开术 urethroplasty 尿道成形术

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第五章 内分泌系统第五章 内分泌系统

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secret (o)-secret (o)-分泌分泌

secretory 分泌的 secretagogue 促分泌的secrete 分泌 secretin 促胰液素

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crin (o)-crin (o)-分泌分泌

endocrinology 内分泌学 endocrinopathy 内分泌病endocrine 内分泌的 autocrine 自分泌

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glandgland 腺腺

prostaglandin 前列腺素 glandula 腺,小腺glandular 腺的

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aden (o)-aden (o)-腺腺

adenosine 腺 (嘌呤核 )苷 adenovirus 腺病毒adenocarcinoma 腺癌 adenoma 腺瘤

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  hypothalam(o)-hypothalam(o)-

下丘脑下丘脑 hypothalamic 下丘脑的 hypothalamitis 下丘脑炎hypothalamoneurohypophyseal

下丘脑 -神经垂体系统

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hypophys (o)-hypophys (o)- 垂体垂体

hypophyseal 垂体的 pituitarism 垂体机能障碍hypophysiotropic 促垂体的 hypophysectomy 垂体切除术 hypophyseoprivic 垂体分泌缺乏的

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pineal (o)pineal (o) 松果体松果体

pinealopathy 松果体病 pinealectomy 松果体切除术 pinealoma 松果体瘤 pinealism 松果体机能障碍

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thyr (o)-thyr (o)- 甲状腺甲状腺

thyroiditis 甲状腺炎 thyroxine 甲状腺素hyrotrophin 促甲状腺激素 thyroglobulin 甲状腺球蛋白triiodothyronine 三碘甲腺原氨酸

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adren (o)-adren (o)- 肾上腺肾上腺

odrenaline 肾上腺素 adrenergic 肾上腺素能的adrenoceptor 肾上腺素能受体adrenocorticotrophic促肾上腺素皮质的

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gonad (o)-gonad (o)- 性腺性腺

gonadotropin促性腺激素 gonadal 性腺的gonadorelin 促性腺激素释放激素

 

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第六章 肌肉骨骼系统第六章 肌肉骨骼系统

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muscul (o)-muscul (o)- 肌肉肌肉

muscular 肌的 musculoskeletal 肌骨胳的 musc

ulotendinous 肌腱的

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my (o)-my (o)- 肌肉肌肉

myocardial 心肌的 myopathy 肌病myocyte 肌细胞 myometrium 子宫肌层

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osse (o)-osse (o)- 骨骨

osseocartilaginous 骨软骨的osseous 骨的

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oste (o)-oste (o)- 骨骨

osteoporosis 骨质疏松症 osteosarcoma 骨肉瘤osteoarthritis 骨关节炎 osteomyelitis 骨髓炎

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cartilagcartilagin(o)-in(o)-软骨软骨

cartilaginoid 软骨样的cartilaginous 软骨的

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chondr (o)-chondr (o)-软骨软骨

chondrocyte 软骨细胞 chondrosarcoma 软骨肉瘤

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ten (o)-ten (o)-tend(o)tend(o) 腱腱

tendomyopathy 肌腱炎 tendosynovitis 腱鞘炎tendinitis 腱炎 tenalgia 腱痛

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ligament (o)-ligament (o)- 韧带韧带

ligamentous 韧带的 ligamentrupture 韧带破裂

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skelet (o)- skelet (o)- 骨骼骨骼

skeletal 骨骼的

skeletology 骨骼学

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crani (o)-crani (o)- 颅骨颅骨

cranial 颅的 craniotomy 颅骨切开术

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spin (o)-spin (o)- 脊柱脊柱

spinal 棘的,脊柱的 spinogram 脊柱 x线照片

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rachi (o)-rachi (o)-脊柱脊柱

rachitic 佝偻病的 rachischisis 脊柱裂rachialgia 脊柱痛 rachianesthesia 脊髓麻醉

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coccyg (o)-coccyg (o)-尾骨尾骨

coccygeal 尾骨的 coccyalgia 尾骨痛

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sacr (o)-sacr (o)- 骶骨骶骨

sacral 骶骨的 sacroiliac 骶髂的

sacr (o)-sacr (o)-

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cost (o)cost (o) – –肋骨肋骨

costal 肋骨的 costochondral 肋骨软骨的

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stern (o)-stern (o)- 胸骨胸骨

sternocleidomastoid 胸锁乳突的

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ischi (o)-ischi (o)-坐骨坐骨

ischial / ischiatic 坐骨的 ischiopupic 坐骨耻骨

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articul (o)-articul (o)-arthr (o)-arthr (o)-

关节关节 articular 关节的 arthritis 关节炎

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第七章 液体、分泌物与免疫系统第七章 液体、分泌物与免疫系统

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  humor-humor-液体液体

humoral 体液的 humoralism 体液学说

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sangui-sangui-血液血液

sanguineous 血液的 sanguinopurulent 脓血的

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hema-hema-血液血液

hemafecia 便血 hemacytometer 血细胞计数器

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  hem (o)-hem (o)-血液血液

hemostasis 止血,血停止 hemopoletlc 生 (造 )血的heme 血红素 hemolysin 溶血素hemophilia 血友病 hemodilution 血液稀释

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haem (o)-haem (o)-血液血液

hemorrhage 出血 hemolytic 溶血的hemoglobin 血红蛋白 hemodialysis 血液透析

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haemat (o)-haemat (o)- 血液血液

hematology 血液学 hematocrit 血细胞比容hemttoma 血肿 hematuria 血尿

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hemat (o)-hemat (o)- 血液血液

hematologic 血液学的 hematogenous 血原性的

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plasm (o)-plasm (o)- 血浆血浆

plasmin 纤维蛋白溶解酶 plasminogen 纤维蛋白溶酶原

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sero-sero- 血清血清

serotonin 血清素 serodiagnosis 血清学诊断

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lymph (o)lymph (o) 淋巴淋巴

lymphocyte 淋巴细胞 lymphoadenitis 淋巴结炎

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lact (o)-lact (o)- 乳乳

lactic 乳的 lactate 乳酸盐 lactation 泌乳 lactogen 催乳素

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galact (o)-galact (o)-乳乳

galactorrhea 乳溢 galactopoietic 生(催)乳的galactic (催)乳液的 galactocele 乳腺囊肿

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bili-bili-胆汁胆汁

biliary 胆汁(道、囊)的 bilirubin 胆红素

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chole-chole- 胆汁胆汁

cholelithiasis 胆石病 cholemia 胆血症

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saliv(saliv(o)o)--唾液唾液

salivary 唾液的,涎的 salivation 流涎,多涎

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muc (o)-muc (o)- 粘液粘液

mucoid 粘液(样)的 mucous 粘液的,分泌粘液

的mucoprotein 粘蛋白 mucocele 粘液囊肿(息肉)

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myx (o)-myx (o)-粘液粘液

myxoma 粘液瘤 myxedema 粘液水肿

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blenn (o)-blenn (o)- 粘液粘液

blennadenitis 粘液腺炎 blennothorax 粘液胸

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sud (o) –sud (o) – 汗液汗液

sudomotor 催汗的,促汗的 sudation 发汗

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  hidr (o)-hidr (o)-汗液汗液

hidradenitis 汗腺炎 hidrorrhea 多汗症,大汗

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sputsput(o)-(o)-痰痰

sputal 痰的 expectoran 祛痰的,祛痰药

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fecal (o)-fecal (o)- 粪粪

fecal 粪便的 fecaloma 粪结

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copr (o)-copr (o)- 粪粪

coproculture 粪培养 coprostasis 便结,粪结

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  immun (o)-immun (o)-免疫免疫

immunology 免疫学 immunodeficiency 免疫缺陷immunization 免疫(接种) immune 免疫,有免疫应答的immunity 免疫力 immunoglobulin 免疫球蛋白

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thym (o)-thym (o)-胸腺胸腺

thymic 胸腺的 thymoma 胸腺瘤

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splen (o)-splen (o)- 脾脾

splenic 脾的 splenomegaly 脾大splenectomy 脾切除术 splenorenal 脾肾的

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allerg (o)-allerg (o)-

allergic 变应性的 allergosis 变应性病allergen 变应原 a11ergization 致敏作用

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antigen (o)-antigen (o)-抗原抗原

antigenic 抗原的 antigenicity 抗原性

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第八章 生殖与人类学系统第八章 生殖与人类学系统

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genit (o)-genit (o)-生殖器生殖器

genit al 生殖的,生殖器的

genito urin ary 泌尿生殖的genito plasty 生殖器成形术

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gyne (o)-gyne (o)-女性女性

gynec ology 妇科学 gyneco pathy 妇科病

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ovari (o)-ovari (o)-卵巢卵巢

ovari an 卵巢的 ovari ectomy 卵巢切除术ovario rrhexis 卵巢破裂 ovarlo centests 卵巢穿刺术

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uter (o)-uter (o)- 子宫子宫

utero ton ic 子宫收缩的(剂 )

utero placent al 子宫胎盘的 utero vagin al 子宫阴道的

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hyster (o)-hyster (o)- 子宫子宫

hyster ectomy 子宫切除术 hyster otomy 子宫切开术hystero scopy 子宫镜检查 hyster ia 癔病

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metr (o)-metr (o)- 子宫子宫

metro ni dazole 甲硝唑 metro rrhagia 子宫出血metro carcinoma 子宫癌 metr itis 子宫炎

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oviductoviduct(o)-(o)- 输卵管输卵管

oviduc( t) al 输卵管的

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salpingo-salpingo- 输卵管输卵管

salping itis 输卵管炎 salping otomy 输卵管切开术

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vagin (o)-vagin (o)- 阴道阴道

vagin al 阴道的 vagin al ly 经阴道地vagin itis 阴道炎 vagino plasty 阴道成形术

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vulv (o)-vulv (o)- 女阴女阴 ,, 外外阴阴

vulv ar 的 vulv ectomy 外阴切除术vulv itis 女阴炎 vulvo vagin al 外阴阴道的

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estr (o)-estr (o)- 雌雌

estro gen 雌激素 estr one 雌酮 estra di ol 雌二醇 estro gen ic 雌激素的

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men (o)-men (o)- 月经月经

meno pause 绝经meno rrhagia 月经过多 meno trop in s 促卵泡激素

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pregnpregn(o)-(o)-妊娠妊娠 ,,孕孕

pregnant 妊娠的pregn ane 孕烷

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embry (o) -embry (o) - 胚胎胚胎

embryology 胚胎学 embryogenesis 胚胎发生embryonic 胚胎的 embryoid 胚胎样的

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amni(on)o--amni(on)o-- 羊膜羊膜

amni otic 羊膜的 amnio chori al 羊膜绒 (毛 )膜的amnio centesis 羊膜穿刺术 amnio scope 羊膜镜检查amnion itis 羊膜炎 amnio rrhexis 羊膜破裂

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chorion(o)-chorion(o)- 绒毛膜绒毛膜

chorion ic 绒 (毛 )膜的

chorio carcinoma 绒 (毛 )膜癌

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placent (o)-placent (o)- 胎盘胎盘

placent al 胎盘的 palcent ation 胎盘形成

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fet (o)-fet (o)- 胎儿胎儿

fet al 胎盘的 feto scopy 胎儿镜检查

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parturi (o)-parturi (o)- 分娩分娩

parturi ent 临产的,产妇 partur ifaci ent 催产素parturi ent al 分娩的 parturlo meter 分娩力计

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-para -para 产次产次

primi para 初产妇 nulli para 未产妇muhi para 多产妇 secundi para 二产妇terti para 三产妇

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andr (o)-andr (o)- 男性男性

andro gen 雄激素 andr ology 男科学

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scrot (o)-scrot (o)- 阴囊阴囊

scrot al 阴囊的 scrot ectomy 阴囊切除术scrot itis 阴囊炎 scroto plasty 阴囊成形术 scr otomy 阴囊切开术 scroto cele 阴囊腹股沟疝的

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semin (o)-semin (o)-精子、精液精子、精液

semin al 精液的 semin oma 精原细胞瘤 insemin ation 授精的 semin iferous 生精子的

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spermat-spermat-精子、精液精子、精液

spermat ic 精液的 spermat ism 精液生成,射精spermato cyte 精母细胞 spermato gon ia 精原细胞

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test (o)test (o) 睾丸睾丸

testo ster one 睾酮 test ectomy 睾丸切除术

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testicul (o)-testicul (o)-睾丸睾丸

testicul ar 睾丸的 testicul oma 睾丸肿瘤

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orchid (o)-orchid (o)- 睾丸睾丸

orch itis 睾丸炎 orchid ectomy 睾丸切除术

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didymdidym(o)-(o)-睾丸睾丸

didym itis 睾丸炎 didym algia 睾丸痛

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prostatprostat(o)-(o)-前列腺前列腺

prostat ic 前列腺的 prosta gland in 前列腺素 prostat itis 前列腺炎 prostat ectomy 前列腺切除术

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penpen(o)-(o)-阴茎阴茎

pen ile 阴茎的 pen itis 阴茎炎peni scopy 阴茎镜检查 peni

schisis 阴茎裂

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phall (o)-phall (o)- 阴茎阴茎

phall ic 阴茎的 phallo plasty 阴茎成形术

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senilo-senilo- 老年老年

senil ism 早老 senil ity 年老,衰老

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presby-presby- 老年的老年的

presby cardia老年性心脏病 presby opia 老视

presby phren ia 老年精神病态

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geront (o)-geront (o)- 老年的老年的

geront ology 老年医学 geront ologist 老年病学家

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puer-puer- 儿童儿童

pueri cultur ist 育儿专家puer ile 儿童的,幼稚

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ped (o)-ped (o)- 儿童儿童

pedology 儿科学 pedodontics 儿童牙科学

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第九章 神经精神系统第九章 神经精神系统

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encephal (o)-encephal (o)- 脑脑

encephalo pathy 脑病 encephalo myel itis 脑脊髓

炎encephal itis 脑炎 encephalo cele 脑突出

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cerebr (o)-cerebr (o)- 大脑大脑

cerebr al 大脑的 cerebro vascul ar 脑血管的 cerebr itis 脑炎 cerebro spin al 脑脊髓的

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cerebell (o)-cerebell (o)- 小脑小脑

cerebell ar 小脑的 cerebell itis 小脑炎

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  cortic (o)-cortic (o)- 皮质皮质

cortic al 皮 (层 )质的 cortic oid 皮质激素类cortico ster oid 皮质类固醇 cortico ster one 皮质酮cortico trop in 促肾上腺皮质激素

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medull (o)medull (o) 髓质髓质

medull ary 髓 (状 ) 的 medullo encephal ic 脑脊髓的medullo supra ren oma 肾上腺髓质瘤

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mening (o)-mening (o)- 脑膜脑膜

mening itis 脑 (脊 )膜炎 mening eal 脑脊膜的 

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arachnoid (o)-arachnoid (o)- 蛛网膜蛛网膜

sub arachnoid 蛛网膜下的 arachnoid al 蛛网膜的arachnoid itis 蛛网膜炎

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pyramid (o)-pyramid (o)- 锥体锥体

pyramid al 椎体的 extra pyramid al 椎体束外的

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radicul (o)-radicul (o)- 神经根神经根

radicul algia 神经根痛 radicul itis 脊神经根炎

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ganglion (o)-ganglion (o)- 神经节神经节

ganglion ic 神经节的 ganglion itis 神经节炎

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synapt (o)-synapt (o)- 突触突触

synapt ic 突触的

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sympathy(o)-sympathy(o)- 交感神经交感神经

sympatho mime ic 拟交感神经的

sympath lyt ic 抗交感神经的

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vag (o)-vag (o)- 迷走神经迷走神经

vago vag al 经迷走神经反射的

vag itis 迷走神经炎

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psych (o)-psych (o)- 精神精神

psych ic 精神的,心理的psych iatry 精神病学 psych iatric 精神病学的 psycho analyt ic 精神分析

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-mania-mania狂、癖狂、癖

dipso mania 酒狂 klepto mania 盗窃狂

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-phobia-phobia 恐怖恐怖

photo phobia 畏光agora phobia 场所恐怖症 acro phobia 恐高症 social phobia 社交恐怖症

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第十章 症状学与病理学系统第十章 症状学与病理学系统

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adhesi (o)-adhesi (o)- 粘连粘连

adhesive 粘连的 adhesiolysis 粘连松懈术

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atret (o)-atret (o)- 闭锁闭锁

atretic 闭锁的、无孔的 atretocystia 膀胱闭锁

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atroph (o)-atroph (o)- 萎缩萎缩

atrophic 萎缩的 atrophedma 萎缩性水肿

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febrifebri(o)-(o)- 发热发热

febrile 热的,发热的 febricide 退热的,退热药

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icter (o)-icter (o)- 黄疸黄疸

icteric 黄疸的 icterepatitis 黄疸性肝炎

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tumor-tumor- 肿瘤肿瘤

tumorous 肿瘤的 tumorigenic 致肿瘤的

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onc (o)-onc (o)- 肿瘤肿瘤

oncology 肿瘤学 oncologic 肿瘤学的

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neoplastneoplast--肿瘤肿瘤

neoplasia 瘤形成 neoplastigenic 引起肿瘤的

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carcin (o)-carcin (o)- 癌癌

carcinoma 癌 carcinogenesis 致癌作用

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necr (o)-necr (o)- 坏死坏死

necrosis 坏死 necrolysis 坏死溶解的

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-emphraxis-emphraxis 梗阻梗阻

urethremphraxis 尿道梗阻 laryngemphraxis 喉梗阻

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algesi (o)-algesi (o)- 疼痛疼痛

algesia 疼痛 analgesia 疼痛缺失

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ulcerulcer(o)-(o)-溃疡溃疡

ulcerous 溃疡的 ulceration 溃疡形成

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vomitvomit(o)-(o)-呕吐呕吐

vomit 溃疡的 vomitive 溃疡形成

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hemorrhaghemorrhag-- 出血出血

hemorrhagic 出血的 hemorrhea 大出血

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edemaedemat(o)-t(o)- 水肿水肿

edematous 水肿的 edematization 水肿形成

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operatoperat(o)-(o)-手术手术

operative 手术的preoperative 手术前的 intraoperative 手术中的 postoperative 手术后的

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orth (o)-orth (o)- 矫正矫正

orthodontics 正牙学orthopedics 矫形外科学

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edemaedemat(o)-t(o)- 水肿水肿

edematous 水肿的edematization 水肿形成