© David Kachlík 30.9 - Univerzita Karlovaanatomie.lf3.cuni.cz/centralni_prezentace/Svaly1_eng.pdf · • regio colli anterior –trigonum submandibulare –trigonum submentale –trigonum

© David Kachlík 30.9.2015





MASTICATORY MUSCLES

• n. V3 – n. MANDIBULARIS

• derivates of 1st pharyngeal arch

• m. temporalis

• m. masseter

• m. pterygoideus medialis

• m. pterygoideus lateralis© David Kachlík 30.9.2015

Lower jaw movements

• elevation (elevatio)

• depression (depressio)

• protraction / propulsion (protractio /

propulsio)

• retraction / retropulsion (retractio /

retropulsio)

• lateropulsion (lateropulsio)


m. temporalis

m. masseter


Jakub Štefela,Svaly hlavy a krku, 2012 9© David Kachlík 30.9.2015

m. pterygoideus

lateralis

m. pterygoideus medialis


m. pterygoideus

lateralis

m. pterygoideus medialis



Mandibular sling

• fibrous sling below angulus mandibulae

• connection of m. masseter and m.

pterygoideus medialis


FACIAL MUSCLES

• n. VII – n. FACIALIS

• derivates of 2nd pharyngeal arch

• muscles around the eye

• muscles around the nose

• muscles around the mouth

• muscles of the cranial vault

• muscles of the auricle

• m. buccinator© David Kachlík 30.9.2015


Muscles around the eye

• m. orbicularis oculi

• pars palpebralis

• pars profunda(former pars lacrimalis)

• pars orbitalis

• m. procerus

• m. corrugator supercilii

• m. depressor supercilii

Muslces around the nose

• m. nasalis

• pars alaris

• pars transversa

• m. depressor septi nasi© David Kachlík 30.9.2015

Muscles around the mouth

modiolus anguli oris

•m. orbicularis oris

• pars marginalis

• pars labialis

• m. levator labii superioris

• m. levator l.s. alaeque nasi

• m. depressor labii inferioris

• m. levator anguli oris

• m. depressor anguli oris

• m. zygomaticus major

• m. zygomaticus minor

• m. risorius

• m. mentalis

• m transversus menti© David Kachlík 30.9.2015

Modiolus anguli oris

• fibro-muscular node connecting the insertions of facial muscles

• serve as the „hub“ and forms a dimple on the cheek


Galea aponeurotica

Epicranial sponeurosis

• tough aponeurosis covering the vertex of skull


Scalpation


Subgalear hematoma


Muslces of the cranial vault

= m. epicranius

• m. occipitofrontalis

• venter frontalis

• venter occipitalis

• m. temporoparietalis

Galea aponeurotica =

Aponeurosis epicranialis

Muscles of the auricle

• m. auricularis anterior

• m. auricularis superior

• m. auricularis posterior

• rudimentary muscle of

auricle (7)


m. buccinator


Musculus buccinator

• ductus parotideus Stenoni

• corpus adiposum buccae Bichati

• lateral wall of oral cavity

• testing movements of n. facialis





Fasciae of head

• fascia temporalis

• fascia parotidea

• fascia masseterica

• fascia buccopharyngea

• lamina interpterygoidea

corpus adiposum buccae Bichati


Corpus adiposum buccae Bichati


continuous fibro-musuclar layer connecting the facial muscles andfilling spaces between and around them

Superficial musculo-aponeurotic system (SMAS)


Motor somite cranial nerves

• preotic myotomes (somitomeres) form the external

muscles of eyeball – n. III, IV, VI

• occipital somites from the muscles of tongue – n. XII© David Kachlík 30.9.2015

External muscles of eyeball

• mm. recti

– superior, inferior, medialis, lateralis

• mm. obliqui

– inferior, superior

• m. levator palpebrae superioris

• inervace: n. III, n. IV, n. VI

• smooth muscles: m. orbitalis Mülleri, m. tarsalis sup. Mülleri + inf.


External muscles of eyeball



Movements of eyeball


Anulus tendineus communis Zinni

inside:

• n. III

• n. VI• n. nasociliaris

• n. II + AO

outside:

• n. IV• n. frontalis

• n. lacrimalis

• v. ophthalmica superior


MUSLCES OF THE NECK


• corpus

• cornua majora

• cornua minora

Os hyoideum


39Jakub Štefela,Svaly hlavy a krku, 2012© David Kachlík 30.9.2015

Muscles of neck

• platysma – n. VII

• m. sternocleidomastoideus – n. XI + C2-4

• mm. infrahyoidei – ansa cervicalis profunda

• mm. suprahyoidei – V3, VII., C1

• mm. scaleni – nn. spinales (C1-C8)

• deep muscles of neck – nn. spinales (C1-C6)


Platysma

• superficial (skin) muscle

• external to lamina spf.

fasciae cervicalis

• absent in the midline

• insertion: pars labilais,

modiolaris et mandibularis

• n. VII (r. colli)

• function: skin tension



Krční řasa – Pterygium colli

Turners‘ sy



M. sternocleidomastoideus

• origin: 2 parts

– pars sternali et clavicularis

– fossa supraclavicularis minor

(projection of cupula pleurae)

• úpon: processus mastoideus

+ linea nuchalis superior

– n.XI + fibers from C2-4

– movements in articulatio

atlantooccipitalis


M. sternocleidomastoideus

function

bilateral:

1. posterior part –

retroflexion

2. anterior part –

anteflexion

unilateral:

1. lateroflexion to the

same side

2. rotation to the

opposite side


Musculi infrahyoidei

• m. sternohyoideus

• m. sternothyroideus

• m. thyrohyoideus – C1

• m. omohyoideus

– venter superior + inferior

• innervation: ansa cervicalis profunda C1-C3

• function: stabilization of larynx


Torticollis



Musculi suprahyoidei

derivates of 2nd pharyngeal arch – n. VII

• m. stylohyoideus

• m. digatricus – venter posterior

derivates of 1st pharyngeal arch – n. V3

• m. mylohyoideus

• m. digatricus – venter anterior

derivates of cervical somites:

• m. geniohyoideus – C1

• function: stabilization of larynx (phonation)






Musculi scaleni

• m. scalenus anterior – C4-6

• m. scalenus medius – C3-8

• m. scalenus posterior – C7-8

• fissura scalenorum

• skalenic syndrome

• anaeshetic block of plexus brachialis



Deep cervical muscles

• m. longus capitis – C1-3

• m. longus colli – C2-6

• m. rectus capitis anterior – C1

• m. rectus capitis lateralis – C1

• movements of head and cervical vertebral

column



Triangles of neck

• regio colli anterior

– trigonum submandibulare

– trigonum submentale

– trigonum caroticum Malgaignei

– trigonum omotracheale = musculare

• regio colli lateralis

– trigonum omoclaviculare

– trigonum omotrapezium

– fossa supraclavicularis minor

– fissura scalenorum

– trigonum scalenovertebrale© David Kachlík 30.9.2015


FASCIA CERVICALIS – 3 layers

• lamina

superficialis

• lamina

pretrachealis

– vagina

carotica

• lamina

prevertebralis



• spatium previscerale

• spatium paraviscerale

• spacium retroviscerale

continuous with:

• cranially: spatium parapharyngeum

spatium retropharyngeum

• caudally: spatium suprasternale

mediastinum superius

Spaces in neck


Spaces in neck


Septum styloideum („bunch of Riolan“)

muscular septum covered with fasciae

divides the cranial part of spatium parapharyngeum into the spatium prestyloidem + retrostyloideum

terminates appeoximately at the level of a line between the processus styloideus and cornu majus ossis hyoidei

• m. stylophyrangeus

• m. styloglossus

• m. stylohyoideus + lig. stylohyoideum

• venter posterior m. digastrici

• m. sternocleidomastoideus© David Kachlík 30.9.2015




Documents

© David Kachlík 30.9 - Univerzita Karlovaanatomie.lf3.cuni.cz/centralni_prezentace/Svaly1_eng.pdf · • regio colli anterior –trigonum submandibulare –trigonum submentale –trigonum