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9 1 2558 Graduate Law Journal
(Graduate Law Journal)
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10200
0-2613-2123, 0-2613-2168 0-2222-0159
.0-2996-7393-4
(Graduate Law Journal) 9 1 2558
2557
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1
- 14
- : ...
26
-
38
- 48
- 57
- :
69
- 81
- 92
()
- :
105
- 116
- 125
- : .. 2556 21
138
- 148
- : .. 2556
165
- 178
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190
- :
199
- :
212
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224
()
- The King can do no wrong 232
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243
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253
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265
- 274
- 286
-
299
- 312
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321
- :
335
()
- XX GATT 1994
347
- 361
- :
370
- 385
- 587
395
- :
406
- .. 1973
413
- 423
()
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434
- 445
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458
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469
- 12/2555
479
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490
Graduate Law Journal CONTENTS
- A NEW APPROACH TO DETERMINE CRIMINAL LIABILITYAND ITS PROSECUTION OF THE JUVENILE OFFENDER
Nonglak Arnee 1
- ASCERTAINING THE ACTUAL STATUS OF A COMMISSION AGENT IN THE THAI CIVIL AND COMMERCIAL CODE
Warapat Ratanapanich 14
-GROUND OF DIVORCE BASED ON THE INCOMPATIBILTY OF SPOUSES MAKING COHABITATION IMPOSSIBLE : COMPARED WITH LAW OF FAMILY OF LAO PDR AND THAILAND
Khamphiou Vilayphone 26
- GROUNDS FOR DIVORCE FOCUS ON COMMIT ANY ACT SERIOUSLY ADVERSE TO THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HUSBAND AND WIFE
Nichapat Duangkaew 38
- BANK LIABILITY AND UNFAIR TERMS IN A BANKS DEPOSIT AGREEMENT
Pongpalin Chantrapirom 48
- PROBLEMS SURROUNDING THE AGREEMENT ON JURISDICTION IN CIVIL CASES
Pichanun Koanantachai 57
- CAUSATION IN TORT LAW : A STUDY ON THAI SUPREME COURT DECISIONS
Rangsarid Wichitkraisorn 69
- WARRANTY Salinthip Auksornnit 81
- THE EFFECTS OF UNFAIR CONTRACT TERMS Suttawan Onnom 92
Private Law
Master of Laws Program
Doctor of Laws Program
CONTENTS
- CRIMINAL LIABILITY OF THE PRINCIPAL : STUDY OF THE PRINCIPALS PRESENCE AT SITUS OF THE CRIME
Chalermchai Silakaw 105
- LEGAL MEASURES TO PROTECT THE ELDERLY FROM ABUS Chalermwut Sarakij 116
- CRIMINAL THREATENING Chanon Sumpaow-In 125
- CHECK AND BALANCE : CASE STUDY OF THE ELECTRONIC SURVEILLANCEOF THE ANTI-ORGANIZED CRIME ACT B.E. 2556 (2013) SECTION 21
Preeyachart Halumjiak 138
- CRIMES AGAINST HUMANITY AND THAI CRIMINAL PROVISIONS
Pianrat Leelapongsatorn 148
- THE MEASURE ENCOURAGING AN OFFENDER TO PROVIDE USEFUL INFORMATION TO THE COMPETENT OFFICIALS: STUDY IN THE ACT OF PREVENTION AND COMBAT AGAINST THE PARTICIPATION IN TRANSNATION ORGANIZED CRIMES B.E. 2556
Siraprapa Umrod 165
- SURROGATE INFORMED CONSENT Suttipong Kitchaicharoenporn 178
- THE PROBLEM OF LAW ENFROCEMENT FOR TRESPASS IN PENAL CODE AND LAND CODE IN CASE FO RATCHAPATSADU LANDS
Uthetchai Suthimal 190
Criminal Law
CONTENTS
- THE AUTONOMOUS UNIVERSITY OF LOCAL ADMINISTRATIVE ORGANIZATION : THE CASE OF NAYAMINDRADHIRAJ UNIVERSITY
Krithin Dingkaew 199
- LEGAL PROBLEMS ON INCOME OF SUBDISTRICT ADMINISTRATIVE ORGANIZATION: A CASE STUDY IN INCOME COLLECTING INCOME ALLOCATING AND BORROWING
Kanasphisit Rajchasing 212
- THE RIGHT TO PARTICIPATION OF PEOPLE IN THE CONTROL OF CORRUPTION IN LOCAL ADMINISTRATIVE ORGANIZATIONS
Nichapawi Sirisoda 224
- THE PRINCIPLE OF THE KING CAN DO NO WRONG Taratorn Moomthong 232
- LEGAL PROBLEM CONCERNING CONFLICTS BETWEEN PERSONAL INTEREST AND PUBLIC INTEREST OF MEMBER OF COUNCIL AND EXECUTIVE OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT
Nakarintr Naka 243
- LEGAL PROBLEMS ON ADMINISTRATIVE COURTANNEXED MEDIATION OF ADMINISTRATIVE DISPUTES
Natacha Vsindilok Polphruks 253
- APPLICATION OF THE MANAGEMENT OF AFFAIRS WITHOUT MANDATE IN THAI ADMINISTRATIVE LAW
Preeyanoot Mahawan
- INDEPENDENT COUNSE Piwat Sarmwang 274
- LEGAL PROBLEMS ABOUT THE MEASURES FOR THE PROTECTION OF CRUELTY TO ANIMALS
Sarunyar Jangkhum 286
- THE PROBLEMS OF LEGAL STATUS AND AUTHORITY OFPUBLIC SECTOR ANTI-CORRUPTION COMMISSION
Somkiat Khongsawasdi 299
Public Law
CONTENTS
- EVOLUTION AND LEGAL STATUS OF PRIVY COUNCIL Sittiphorn Innimirt 312
- PROBLEMS RELATED TO LIABILITES OF STATE AGENCIES OF RFRAUD PERFORMANCES OF OFFICERS
Ataporn Chansuwan 321
- JUDICIAL REVIEW OF DISCRETIONARY POWERS OF THE INFORMATION DISCLOSURE TRIBUNAL BY THE ADMINISTRATIVE COURT OF THAILAND : A COMPARATIVE STUDY
Arsarn Sukhom 335
- PROBLEMS AND CROSS BORDER EFFECTS OF THE EUROPEAN UNIONS ENFORCEMENT ON THE MEASURES TO COMBAT ILLEGAL, UNREPORTED AND UNREGULATED FISHING (IUU) AND ITS CONFORMITY WITH ARCTICLE XX GATT 1994
Naruetra Prasertsilp 347
- STATUS AND BASIC RIGHTS OF URBAN REFUGEES IN THAILAND
Pachernwit Saendi 361
- PEOPLE WHO FLED DEATH PERSECUTION TO THAILAND STUDYING MANAGEMENT OF THAI STATE
Puangrat Patomsirirak 370
- THE LEGAL STATUS OF PLAYERS AGENTS IN THAILAND Chidchanok Chaicharoen 385
- A DEFINITION OF COMPLETION OF THE WORKS IN ARTICLE 587 OF CIVIL AND COMMERCIAL CODE : A CASE STUDY IN CONSTRUCTION CONTRACT IN MAJOR CONSTRUCTION PROJECT
Sirilak Vadavadhana 395
International Law
Business Law
CONTENTS
- ASEAN SINGLE MARKET IN THE CONTEXT OF THE AEC : A LEGAL ANAYSIS OF TRADE LIBERALIZATION BETWEEN THAILAND AND CLMV
CHONLATHIT THIPTHARA 406
- THE APPROPRIATENESS OF THAILANDS ADOPTION OF THE HAGUE CONVENTION ON THE LAW APPLICABLE TO PRODUCTS LIABILITY 1973
Napassakorn Sillaparassamee 413
- PACKAGING TAX Kamolpus Settavasharavanis 423
- ATTRIBUTION OF PROFIT FOR INCOME TAX OF PERMANENT ESTABLISHMENTS FOR INSURANCE BUSINESS
Panisara Phoupu 434
- MINIMUM INCOME TAX FOR REDUCING ECONOMIC INEQUALITY
Phattarapol Polrungsit 445
- INCOME TAXATION ON LICENSING AND TRANSFERRING INTELLECTUAL PROPERTIES UNDER SOURCE RULES
Sassisopa Sudjan 458
- RIGHTS OF A ACCESS TO ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATIONHELD BY PRIVATE SECTOR
Atcha Songjaroen 469
International Trade Regulation
Tax Law
Natural Resources and Environmental Law
CONTENTS
- THE EFFECT OF THE DECISION OF THE CONSTITUTIONAL COURT (A CASE STUDY OF CASE RULING 12/2555)
Kittidet Kitmanomai 479
- POLICY AND LAW ON THE PROMOTION OF SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES IN LAO PDR IN THE CONTEXT OF THE ASEAN ECONOMIC COMMUNITY
Yotxay Dalasack 490
Master of Arts (Public Law)
Master of Arts (International Trade Law and Economics)
1
A NEW APPROACH TO DETERMINE CRIMINAL LIABILITY AND ITS PROSECUTION OF THE JUVENILE OFFENDER
Nonglak Arnee
73-76
75
..2553 5
. . . . .
2 Graduate Law Journal
ABSTRACT According to the Criminal Code, Section 73-76, that whether or not the
protection of a juvenile by exempting or reducing penalties for them should be determined by ages, even though many juveniles in Thailand commit the serious crime with conscious as adults, the amendment of the Criminal Code, Section 75, by allowing the court to apply the ground of criminal liability of serious cases that the juvenile has committed; or the repetitiveness of criminal action of juveniles, to the ages of such juveniles to consider the appropriate punishment to make it consistent with the consciousness and others related to such persons. The court may not reduce the scale of the punishment as provided for such offence by one-half.
Refer to the problems regarding the criminal prosecution in the case that the offender is a juvenile under the Juvenile and Family Court and the Juvenile and Family Court Procedure B.E. 2553 (2010), Section 5, at present, it is considered the age of juveniles as of the date that the crime has arisen without considering how old they are on the date of filing the case. In this regards, a person, who has already become adult, will be under any measure especially designed for juveniles. To let adults being under the Juvenile and Family Court is not appropriate. Therefore, the amendment of such law, from considering the age of juveniles, who have been trialed, as of the date that the crime has arisen to the age as of the date of filing cases.
Keywords Criminal Liability Criminal Prosecution Juvenile Offender
3
1
.. 2553 5 3
1. Civil Law
3
1 Anne Wyvekens,The French Juvenile Justice System, Accessed January 4, 2012, http://www.esc-eu rocrim.org /files/ch07.pdf; United Fact Sheets on Youth, Fact Sheet on Juvenile justice", January 20, 2013, http://www.un.org/ esa/socdev/unyin/documents/wyr 11 / FactSheeton You thand JuvenileJustice.pdf.
4 Graduate Law Journal
(mens rea)
1.1 73 76
1) 10 2 3 .. 25464 2) 10 15 10 5 18 6 3) 15 18 2)
2 73. 3 , 1, 9, ( :
,2536), .799. 4 ,
.. 2555, .. 2556, .1. 5 , , 13, (
: , 2554), .185. 6 74.
5
7 8 4) 18 20 9 10 18 (maturity) (criminal capacity)11 (protect society)12
7 75. 8 , 3, .813. 9 76. 10 , , 29 ,
(: ,2555), .188. 11 , 3, .815. 12 Stephanie J. Millet, The age of criminal responsibility in an era of violence:
has Great Britain set a new international standard? 28 Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law 295, p.7. (March 1995).
6 Graduate Law Journal
13
1.2 3
13 (an absolute presumption of criminal irresponsibility) the Child Protection Institution (civil court) 14 13 -18 (the presumption of criminal irresponsibility) 15 16 18 2 16 2 14 17
13 United Fact Sheets on Youth, supra note 1. 14 Innocenti Digest,JUVENILE JUSTICE, United Nations Children's Fund International
Child Development Centre, Florence Italy, January 1998, p.4. 15 P Cavadino,Goodbye Doli, Must We Leave You?, Child and Family Law
Quarterly 165, Vol 9, No. 2, p.170 (1997). 16 Feridun Yenisey, Age of Criminal Responsibility In Terms of Com parative Law
and Alternative Sanctions for Children Under the Age of Criminal Responsibility, This report is an outline based on a report dated May 2007, p. 7.
17 Economic and Social Council, UNITED NATIONS, USE AND APPLICATION OF UNITED NATIONS STANDARDS AND NORMS IN CRIME PREVENTION AND CRIMINAL
7
(diminished capacity) 14 (the child welfare agencies) the Child Welfare Law18 14 20 19
2 10 Doli incapax (incapable of forming a guilty mind) (irrebuttable presumption) 10 20 (civil proceedings) the Children Act 198921 10 18 (full criminal responsibility) North Carolina 2 6 22 (conclusively presumed to be without criminal capacity)
JUSTICE, Report of the Secretary-General, E/CN.15/1998/8/Add.1, 23 February 1998 , p.3.
18 Kuzuno Hiroyuki, Juvenile Diversion and the Get-Tough Movement in Japan, Ritsumeikan Law Review , No. 22, p.3 (2005).
19 Juvenile Act (Act No. 168 of July 15, 1948), Article 2. 20 The Children and Young Persons Act, as amended through 1988, Section 50
It shall be conclusively presumed that no child under the age of [ten] years can be guilty of any offence.
21 The Children Act 1989, Section 31-42. 22 North Carolina General Statutes Chapter 7B Juvenile Code, 7B-1501(7)
Delinquent juvenile.
8 Graduate Law Journal
6 16 23 (rebuttable presumption of criminal incapacity) 24
"" (The Justice Model) (proportionate) (act) (a hierarchy of criminal responsibility) just deserts (proportionality) 2 (severity of the offense) (degree of injury caused or risked) (culpability or blameworthiness of the offender) 25
2.
23 North Carolina General Statutes Chapter 7B Juvenile Code, 7B-1501
Definitions. 24 Wayne R. LaFave, Criminal Law, 4th edition, (Minnesota: Thomson/West, 2003),
p.485. 25 David A. Starkweather, "The Retributive Theory of "Just Desserts" and Victim
Participation in Plea Bargaining," Indiana Law Journal, Vol. 67, Iss. 3, p.853-878 (1992).
9
10 18 (murder) Her Majesty's Pleasure 26 North Carolina (first degree murder) juvenile life without parole (JLWOP) 25 27 13 16 15 (Crime)
26 The Powers of the Criminal Courts (Sentencing) Act 2000, Article 90. 27 Part 2A. Sentencing for Minors Subject to Life Imprisonment Without Parole,
Article 81B of Chapter 15A of the General Statutes, 15A-1340.19A . North Carolina 25 Miller v. Alabama (2012) juvenile life without parole (JLWOP) (cruel and unusual punishments) (lack of maturity) (underdeveloped sense of responsibility) (childs character) 18 JLWOP North Carolina 25
10 Graduate Law Journal
(re-offended) 2 28 16 18 29 18 10 15 30
(Mala in se) (basic value) (value) 73-76
3.
.. 2553 5
28 Stephanie J. Millet, supra note 12, p. 18. 29 Feridun Yenisey, supra note 16, p. 7. 30Juvenile Act (Act No. 168 of July 15, 1948), Article 51(2).
11
31 (Juvenile) 20 20 20 32 (the first court appearance) (the first court appearance) 18 (adult court) 33 North Carolina 18 18
31 Ministre de la Justice, Les mineurs dtenus, Accessed February 2, 2014,
http://www.justice.gouv.fr/prison-et-rein ser tion-10036/les-personnes-prises-en-charge-10038/les-mineurs-detenus-12008.html #1.
32 Juvenile Act (Act No. 168 of July 15, 1948), Article 2, Article 19, Article 23. 33 Caroline Ball et al, Young Offenders: Law, Policy &Practice, 2 nd edition,
ZLondon : Sweet& Maxwell, 2001), p.90-91.
12 Graduate Law Journal
34
73-76 .. 2553 5
75
34 North Carolina General Statutes Chapter 7B Juvenile Code, 7B-1601
Jurisdiction over delinquent juveniles.
13
.. 2553 5
14 Graduate Law Journal
ASCERTAINING THE ACTUAL STATUS OF A COMMISSION AGENT IN THE THAI CIVIL AND COMMERCIAL CODE
Warapat Ratanapanich
835
833 844
:
ABSTRACT S.835 of the Thai Civil Commercial Code stipulates that provisions of the
Code bearing on agency shall apply to commission agents to the extent that there arise no contradictions, thereby implying commission agents possession of unique traits. This leaves commission agents in limbo and is the raison dtre of the present piece of research. Its main findings are that commission agents are
. . . .
15
not essentially agents in the sense understood by the Code, making the application of its provisions on agency to commission agents impracticable. There thus entails the need to enact fresh legal provisions destined adequately to address the newly-discovered status of a commission agent
Keywords status commission agent agent doctrine of identity doctrine of separation
mandate
mandate mandator mandatarius mandatarius mandate mandatarius mandate
(doctrine of separation) mandate Civil Law Civil Law 3 2 Civil Law (doctrine of identity) Common Law mandate
16 Graduate Law Journal
(Factors Act 1889)1
mandate
2 (1)
(2)
1.
Civil Law Common Law
1 Clive M. Schitthoff, Agency in international trade: a study in comparative law,
Recueil des Cours vol. 129, pp. 128-129 (1970).
17
Common Law (factor)
commission agent
2. 835
15 835
798 2 798 798 798
18 Graduate Law Journal
() 798
820 820 Common Law Civil Law 820
3. 839
839
839
19
4. 843
843
5. 3 2 844
20 Graduate Law Journal
820 820
844
1166
1166 392
21
844 844 844
6.
827 827 827
22 Graduate Law Journal
7.
8.
23
15 Factor Act 1889
844
24 Graduate Law Journal
1166 392 2 844
Common Law
Civil Law
835 820
2 Richard Muller-Freienfels, Book Reviews, Am J.Comp. L. 12, p. 272 (1963).
25
833 844 .
833 844 .
26 Graduate Law Journal
:
... GROUND OF DIVORCE BASED ON THE INCOMPATIBILTY OF SPOUSES
MAKING COHABITATION IMPOSSIBLE : COMPARED WITH LAW OF FAMILY OF LAO PDR AND THAILAND
Khamphiou Vilayphone
: ... . . .
27
... . 2008 20 10 5 1516 10 12 1
20(10) 1516
20 10 10 10 1 9
1
: ... . . .
28 Graduate Law Journal
() 20(1) 20(2) 20 1 9
1516 10 12
1.... . 3 1. (Fault
Theory)
2. ( Breakdown Theory No Fault Theory) (No Fault Theory)
3. (Mutual Consent)
29
.... . . . 3
2
. 1927 LE CODE CIVIL LAOTIEN 3 23 11
1. () 2. 3.
4.
5.
6. 7.
8.
9. 10.
2 , ,
, ( : , 2550),.34.
30 Graduate Law Journal
11.
... 20
1) 2)
3) 3 4) 5) 2 6
6) 5 7) 8) 9) 10) .
31
3 67 4
..2478 5 5 ..2478 1 ..2478
5 .. 2478 ..2519 ..2516 ..2517 28 2 5 16 ( 8 ) ..25196
3 ,
, , 2 ( : , 2530), .101.
4 67 5 ,
,(:,2535),76 6 , 5, .5.
32 Graduate Law Journal
5 ..2478
5 .. 2519 2517 .. 2520 5 .. 2526 ( 10) .. 2533 27 2533 7
..2550 . 2533 13 ..2550 2 30 ..2550
1.
2. 1516(1)
7 , 5, (:
, 2543), . 8.
33
2. ... .... . 2008 ...
20 10 10 20
. 1516 (1)
(2)
() ()
()
(3)
(4) (4/1)
34 Graduate Law Journal
(4/2)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
8
3.
8 , 7, .5.
35
... ... () . 10 12
...
... 9
... 20(10)
9 . 22
36 Graduate Law Journal
() 20(1) 1516 1
...
.
: 20(10)
20(10)
20(10) 1516(1)(2)(6)
37
: 2 1) 20(10)
20(1)
2)
1516(1)(2)(6)
125
CRIMINAL THREATENING
Chanon Sumpaow-In
(Criminal Threatening) (Inchoate Crime) (Freedom of Expression) ( ) 392 309 392
ABSTRACT This thesis aims to study the principles of the criminal threat offenses which have a basis of the inchoate crimes, and also an exception to the Freedom of Expression. By comparing the provisions of the United States (Texas, Georgia, Minnesota, California and Arkansas), England and France with the provisions of Thailand involved, including section 392 and section 309 found that although
. . .
126 Graduate Law Journal
section 392 applies directly to threatening another person to fear, but section 392 is not applicable to the various threats appropriately. Keywords Criminal Threatening Terroristic Threat Threat another person to fear of violence Threat Offense
(Sense of Security) (Freedom from Fear)
(Threatening) (Inchoate Crime)
(True Threat) (Freedom of Expression) 1 (First Amendment)
(Terrorism) (Individuals)
(Extortion)
(Stalking)
127
(Assault) Psychic Assault (Immediacy) (There and Then) (Force) (Words)
(Psychological Distress) (Sense of Security)1
(Communication) (Unlawful Violence) (Individual or Group of Individuals) (Reasonable Person) 2
(Reasonable Observer) (State of Mind)
1 John P. Ludington, Validity and construction of terroristic threat statues,
Accessed December 22, 2014, http://www.westlaw.com 2 Paul T. Crane, True threat and the issue of intent, Accessed December 22, 2014,
http://www.virginialawreview.org/sites/virginialawreview.org/files/ 1225.pdf
128 Graduate Law Journal
Terroristic Threat Terroristic Threatening Georgia Code 16-11-37 Terroristic Threats and Acts ; penalties, Texas Penal Code 22.07 Terroristic Threat Terroristic Threat Criminal Threat 422 California Penal Code
(Threats Offences) (Threat to Kill) 16 The Crime against Person Act 1861 (Threat to Damage Property) 4 The Criminal Damage Act 1977 (Threat of violence) 4 The Public Order Act 1986
2 (Felonies and misdemeanors against Persons) (Of threats) (Physical Integrity of the Person) 222-17, 222-18, 222-18-1 222-18-2 3 (Felonies and Misdemeanors against Property) 322-12 322-13
113 135/2 (1) 139 339 138
129
3 309 392 309 309
309
392
392 4 5 392 309
3
135/2(1) 4 , , 10 ( :
, 2553) .149. 5 , ,
: , 17 2558, http://elib.coj.go.th/Ebook/data/ptk/ptk 2555_1_3.pdf
130 Graduate Law Journal
Felony Misdemeanor 309
6 7 8 (Communication)
392
6 1378/2482 20 2558, http://deka
2007. supremecourt.or.th/deka/web/docdetail.jsp 7 204/2492 20 2558, http://deka2007.
supremecourt.or.th/deka/web/docdetail.jsp 8 40/2509 20 2558, http://deka 2007.
supremecourt.or.th/deka/web/docdetail.jsp
131
9 10
( ) (Reasonable Observer)
392 30911
309
9 . 10 6446/2541 20 2558, http://deka 2007.
supremecourt.or.th/deka/web/docdetail. jsp 11 5
132 Graduate Law Journal
392 ( 22) .. 2558 392 6 1
392 392 309 309 309 392 12 392 13 (Terroristic Threat) (Extortion) Merger Doctrine (Lesser offense)
12 924/2542 20 2558, http://deka2007.
supremecourt.or.th/deka/web/docdetail.jsp 13 3084/2530 20 2558, http://
deka2007. supremecourt.or.th/deka/web/docdetail.jsp
133
(Extortion)14 (Robbery)15
392 (Lesser Offense) 309 309 392 392 30916 (Merger Doctrine)
392 392 17 ( 392) (Terroristic Threat) (Attempted Battery)
14 Bilinski v. State 462 A.2d 409 (1983) Accessed May 20, 2015, http://law.justia.
com/cases/delaware/supreme-court/1983/462-a-2d-409-4.html 15 Commonwealth v Walls (1982) 303 Super 284, 449 A2d 690 Accessed May 20,
2015, http://law.justia. com/cases/pennsylvania/supreme-court/1982/303-pa-super-284-1.ht ml
16 , ..127, 6 ( : , 2548), .405.
17 , 209-287 367-398, 3 ( : , 2554), .419.
134 Graduate Law Journal
(Lesser Offence) Merger Doctrine 392
392
392 ( )
1.
309
2.
135
3.
4.
392 1
5. 392 309
392 309 309 392 Merger Doctrine 392 309 90 91
6. 392
392 392
136 Graduate Law Journal
392
2
3 4 3 5 4
137
(Lesser-Included Offense)
(Lesser-Included offense)
38 Graduate Law Journal
GROUNDS FOR DIVORCE FOCUS ON COMMIT ANY ACT SERIOUSLY ADVERSE TO THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HUSBAND AND WIFE
Nichapat Duangkaew
1516 (6) 1516 (Common law) (Civil law)
. . .
39
ABSTRACT This art icle a ims to study grounds for divorce result ing f rom
committ ing any act seriously adverse to the relationship between husband and wife are stated in Section 1516 (6) of the Civil and Commercial Code in order to verify whether they can be efficiently applied to the present fact. The problem in this paper are divided into 3 main categories, which are, the problem of interpreting grounds of action for divorce resulting from committing any act seriously adverse to the relationship between husband and wife, the problem of applying grounds for divorce resulting from committing any act seriously adverse to the relationship between husband and wife, and the overlapping problem between grounds of action for divorce resulting from committing any act seriously adverse to the relationship between husband and wife and other grounds for divorce in subsections of Section 1516. Research is conducted by compar ing the abovementioned problems to the grounds for divorce in other countries, from both common law and c iv i l law jur isdict ions The purpose of such analogy is to solve problems arising from the use of grounds for divorce resulting from committing any act seriously adverse to the relationship between husband and wife and apply these grounds to the highest benefits suitable for the present social environment and the fair justice of the public interest.
Keywords Grounds for divorce Adverse Seriously
1516
40 Graduate Law Journal
10 12 1516 (6) 1 (Common law) (Civil law) 3
1
2
1 1516(6)
2 5347/2538
41
3 4 (Behaved) 1 (2) (b) 5 (1 1985) 6 1(2)b () (Irreconcilable Differences) 7
3 2504/2552 4 3494/2547 5 The Matrimonial Cause Act 1973 Section 1(2) The court hearing a pettion for
divorce shall not hold the marriage to have broken down irretrievably unless the petitioner satisfies the court of one or more of the following facts, that is to say; (b) the respondent has behaved in such a way that the petitioner cannot reasonably be expect to live with the respondent
6 Dame Brenda Hale, and Judge David Pearl, The Family, Law and society Cases and Materials, 5 th ed, (London : Butterworts, 2002), p.229
7 Section 2310. Dissolution of the marriage or legal separation of the parties may be based on either of the following grounds, which shall be pleaded generally: (a) Irreconcilable differences, which have caused the irremediable breakdown of the marriage.
42 Graduate Law Journal
242 8 1566 (2) 9 115 10
8 Art. 242 A petition for divorce may be presented by a spouse where facts
which constitute a serious or renewed violation of the duties and obligations of marriage are ascribable to the other spouse and render unbearable the continuance of community life.
9 Section 1566 (2) There is an irrefutable presumption that the marriage has broken down if the parties have been living apart for one year and both apply for divorce or if the respondent consents to the divorce. After a separation period of three years, there is an irrefutable presumption that the marriage has broken down, without any comments being required from the parties to the proceedings
10 Art. 115 Prior to the expiry of the two-year period, a spouse may petition for divorce if the marriage has irretrievably broken down for compelling reasons for which he or she is not responsible.
43
11
12
11 1461
12 2092/2519
44 Graduate Law Journal
13 2 14
15 1516
2 (The Fault Theory)
13 5347/2538
14 buffery v bufferry (1988) 15 ,
217-34/2503, ( 5), 14 2503, .7.
45
(The Irretrievably Break Down of Marriage)
3 16 ( ) (. , . )
16 3494/2547
46 Graduate Law Journal
2478
2
47
1516
1516 (6)
1516 (11) 1 2
48 Graduate Law Journal
BANK LIABILITY AND UNFAIR TERMS IN A BANKS DEPOSIT AGREEMENT
Pongpalin Chantrapirom
... 659
ABSTRACT A deposit bank does not have a duty to take care of the money as much as of other property deposited according to CCC Section 659, so the bank shall, in all circumstance, pay the money back to a rightful person. When a depositor dies, the bank may pay the money back to the heirs, the administrator of an estate, or
. .
49
the rightful owner of the money in case that such owner is an injurer of a criminal offense. Transfer of money is a series of transactions. If the money is mistakenly transferred, a transferring bank may pull the money back and correct the transfer. A term in a bank's deposit agreement, which is unfair, should be examined and regulated
Keywords Monetary Deposit Bank Unfair Terms
... 672 672 657 671 659 665
50 Graduate Law Journal
10 193/12 (Irregular Deposit) 659 665
51
661 306 3 10 193/30 ..2540 3 4
52 Graduate Law Journal
700 1782 (Loan) ... 665 (Funds Transfer) () 3 30
53
672 672/1 665
54 Graduate Law Journal
315 659 665 672/2 672/2 ... 672/3 672/3
55
... 672/4 672/4 4 , , 10 5 672/5
56 Graduate Law Journal
672/5 ..2551 41 ..2522 35
659 659 665 4 5 . .
57
PROBLEMS SURROUNDING THE AGREEMENT ON
JURISDICTION IN CIVIL CASES
Pichanun Koanantachai
ABSTRACT In civil contracts between merchants and international commercial contracts, there is an agreement on which court has jurisdiction over dispute arising from a relationship. However, Thai Civil Procedure Code is unacceptable for a choice of forum. This thesis will be considered that the merchants may agree on jurisdiction in writing or any communication by electronic under condition of
. .
58 Graduate Law Journal
the validity of agreement and the exemption to agree in consumer contracts, employment contracts, and disputes relating to public policy.
Keywords Choice of Forum/Territorial Jurisdiction/Civil Procedure Law
(Dispute Resolution) (General terms and conditions) (litigation) (Choice of Forum Jurisdiction Clause)1 2477 7(4)2
1
2 7(4) ()
59
3 4 5 4(1) 6
1) 2) 3)
3 [], ,, 1, 5, .72-76, ( 2536).
4 , , 951/2539 5809/2539 : , , 4, 44, .141-142, (/ 2540).
5 , , 1, 12, .119 ( 2543).
6 145/2553
60 Graduate Law Journal
4) ..2005 ..2000
1. (Jurisdiction)
(Territorial of the Courts) (Competency of the Courts) (Territorial Jurisdiction) (Venue) 2 ( 4(1)) ( 4 ) (International Jurisdiction)
61
(lex fori)7
.. 2481 .. 2548 8 2534 7(4) () (, ) 9 10
7 , , 2
( : , 2554), .98. 8 ..2548 65
9 . . ( : , 2519), .207.
10 , ,
62 Graduate Law Journal
2534 7 (4) 151 11 12
2.
..2005 ..200013 (Common Law) (Civil Law) 1)
2, , 2 ( : , 2540), .343.
11 951/2539 4279/2551 12 3537/2546 583/2548 13 The Brussels I Regulation 2000
(European Union) 27 ()
63
14 (merchants)15 2) (in writing) 16 3) (a particular legal relationship)17 18 (Exclusive Jurisdiction) 19 4) 2 (exclusive jurisdiction clause) (non-exclusive jurisdiction clause) 20 5)
14 2 (1)
35 15 48 16 ..2005 3 (c),
( 17) ( 11) 17 (The Brussels I Regulation) 23,
( 17) ( 40) 18 9
19 ( 24) ( 44) 20
17
64 Graduate Law Journal
2008 6) 6 (a) (e) ( )
3.
3.1
4(1) 4
3.2
65
4(1)
3.3 ..2545 (Territorial Jurisdiction)
66 Graduate Law Journal
21
3.4
21 ,
, , 1, 17, .53-58, ( 2540).
67
22
1
7/1
22 , 1, ( : , 2521), .62.
68 Graduate Law Journal
(1) (2) (3) (4)
7/2
7/3 (1) (2)
69
:
CAUSATION IN TORT LAW : A STUDY ON THAI SUPREME COURT DECISIONS
Rangsarid Wichitkraisorn
: . . .
70 Graduate Law journal
ABSTRACT Causation in Thai tort law is the legal principle explaining the causal link
between damage and tortfeasors wrongdoing. Thai legal study uses various theories of causation developed by foreign scholars to explain the courts' ruling. However, the foregoing methodology has been proven to be insufficient to explain the decisions as clearly as analyzing what the Thai courts actually taken into consideration when making a decision on this matter. This is mainly because the problem in analyzing causation is fundamentally a question of fact rather than a question of law. Practically, no single theory can be used in every situation.
Keywords Tort Causation Causality Causal Link
(chain of events) 1
1 , , ,
2 395 - 452, ( : , 2555), .67.
71
1.
2
72 Graduate Law journal
2 2
3
2 ,
.. 2539 , 8 ( : ..., 2556), .96.
3 , , 3 ( : , 2525), .232.
73
438
442 223
2.
74 Graduate Law journal
4
5
(Direct Consequences) (Remoteness of Damage) (Foreseeability) 6
4 ,
2478 2 () , 3 ( : , 2491), .74.
5 , , 2 ( : , 2468) .182-186. , , ( : , 2556), .33-34.
6 Strong, S. I. & Williams, L., Tort Law : Text, Cases, and Materials, (Oxford ; New York : Oxford University Press, 2011), p.96.
75
7
7 , 981/2531 (.), 3, .155-
169.
76 Graduate Law journal
3.
8 Conditio Sine Qua Non But-For Test Equivalence Theory ( ) (Direct Consequences)
2
8 , , , 1, .129.
77 (cause-in-fact, factual cause) (cause-in-law, legally effective cause) (approach) 9 2
2 2
420
9 Spier, S. (Ed.), Unification of Tort Law: Causation, (The Hague : Kluwer Law
International, 2000), pp.127-134.
78 Graduate Law journal
(presumed fault) (without fault, strict liability) 10
(strict liability) 11
12
10 Youngs, R., English, French & German Comparative Law, 3rd Ed. (Oxon :
Routledge, 2014), p.486. 11 Youngs, R., ibid, pp.486-487, 491. 12 Spier, S. (Ed.), supra note 9, p.55.
79
80 Graduate Law journal
5 ( 3) ..2551 141 (4)
81
WARRANTY
Salinthip Auksornnit
1
ABSTRACT Since the law governing the warranties of good which arises from the mutual agreement or only by the sellers declaration of intention in Thai law is ambiguous in some aspects. While in foreign countries, there are many improvements in law to protect the consumers. The author proposes that the warranty contract shall come into existence without the form prescribed by law and even the lack of the consumers knowing of such declaration of intention. The seller shall be bound by the manufacturers and the importers declaration of intention to warrant. The rights under the contract of warranty shall be transferred
. . .
82 Graduate Law Journal
to the transferee. The period of prescription for claims of warranties of good shall be one year from the time of discovery of the defect or from the time on which the obligor denies to perform the contract as the case may be.
(Warranty) 1 2
1 , , : ,
2550,.8.
83
1.
2 35 ..2522 152 11 .. 2551 3
483 ...
2 ,
, 15 .: , 2551, . 105.
3 851/2544 2729/2545
84 Graduate Law Journal
4 150 ... 6 ..25405
11 ..2551
306 ... 6
474 ...7
4 () , -, 18. (:
, 2555), . 460. 5 , :
..., ( , 2545), . 53.
6 . , , 3, (: , 2556), .159.
7 , , ( , 2551), . 77.
85
10 193/30 ...8
2.
2 9 10 11
8 1285/2553 9 Sherman J. K. Chang, The creation of express and implied warranties, The
China Law Review, p.185. 10 Henry Gabriel, Contract for the Sale of Goods: A comparison of Domestic and
International Law (New York: Oceana Publications, Inc, 2004), p.122. 11 American Jurisprudence, second edition, volume 26 (New york: Lawyers
Cooperative Publishing,2014), p.112.
86 Graduate Law Journal
The Unfair Contract Term Act 1977
12 13 (The Contractual Chain)
2-275
12 Chris Willet, Martin Morgan-Taylor and Andre Naidoo, The Sale and the
Supply of Goods to Consumer Regulation, The Journal of Business Law, p.95 (January 2004).
13 Ibid, p.99-100.
87
4
(1)
35 35 .. 2522
35 1 1
7
11
88 Graduate Law Journal
..2551
(2) ..2540
.
.
(3) 11/1
89
11/1
(4) 472 ...
306 ...
90 Graduate Law Journal
35 /1
(5) 474 ... 472 ...
7 6
1 474 ... 10 193/30 ... 1 2 474/1
91
..2551 .. 2540 472 .. 474 ... 1
92 Graduate Law Journal
THE EFFECTS OF UNFAIR CONTRACT TERMS
Suttawan Onnom
8
4 4 .1 5
ABSTRACT An unfair contract term, which is invalid pursuant to section 8, should not apply to relationships with no consideration, except in the case that the relationship occurs intentionally or based on gross negligence. An example that represents this idea could be the price of redemption which should be in proportion to the actual period of redemption. Also, an unfair term prescribing
. .
93
interest or liquidated damages as agreed in a consumer contract should be considered an unfair contract term under section 4 so that it may be adjusted for the benefit of claim brought by a consumer. Section 4 paragraph one is also proposed to be amended so as to allow the court to invalidate unfair contract terms. The general factor that could be used to adjust the unfair contract term should refer to the insurance system, career of the party to the contract and trade secret. These factors should also be considered when the contractual outcome is examined pursuant to section 5.
Keywords Contract terms Unfair
..2540
1.
1)
94 Graduate Law Journal
61 2) 8 3) 9 8 8 2
34 5
1 ..2540
2 6092/2552 3 M.P. Fumston, Cheshire, Fifoot and Fumstons Law of Contract, p 182. 4 Unfair Contract Terms Act 1977 2 (1) 5 , : ,
, 4 ( 2543), 30, .571.
95
6 7 8
8 8 8 8
6 305 309 (7) 7 2-302 8 A.A. Leff, Unconscionability and the code: The Emperors New clause 155 U.
Penn.L.R. 487(1967).
96 Graduate Law Journal
8
8 8 8
2.
9
2.1. 4 1) 4 2)
9 , :
, ( , 2550), . 38.
97
5 3) 6 4) 8
Unfair Contract Terms Act 1977 The Unfair Terms in Consumer Contracts Regulation 1999 2-302 305-309
4 (6) 4 10 11
10 ,
, ( , 2551), . 84.
11 , , 7, (: , 2556) . 282
98 Graduate Law Journal
12 10,000 5 17,500
4 (6)
13 383
12 , , (
, 2555), . 129-134. 13 () , -, 18, (: ,
2557) . 402-410.
99
4 (2) 14
2.2.
14 , ..
2540, (: , 2541) . 19.
100 Graduate Law Journal
..2540
4
3.
..2540 10 1) 2) 3) 4) 15
Unfair Contract Terms Act 1977 16 1) 2)
15 , 2, .54. 16 Edward Jacobs, Effective Exclusion Clauses, (London: Fourmat Publishing, 1990),
p.139.
101
3) 4) 5)
1) 2)
10 17
10 (5)
17 , . , 1, 15, .32
( 2528).
102 Graduate Law Journal
5 5 1) 2) 3) 4) 18
18 ,
, ( , 2551), . 92-102.
103
5
..2540
8
4 (6) 4 (2) ..2540 4
104 Graduate Law Journal
105
:
CRIMINAL LIABILITY OF THE PRINCIPAL : STUDY OF THE PRINCIPALS PRESENCE AT SITUS OF THE CRIME
Chalermchai Silakaw
ABSTRACT Consideration of classifying offenders in Thailand. If there are some particeps criminis which are not coexisted in the scene while executing but they are able to provide assistance or support for the offender until the offence is achieved, regardless of directly or acting as any significant part while executing
: . . .
106 Graduate law Journal
offence or prior to achievement of offences, they regard as particeps criminis and must be punished as accomplice or co-principal.
Keywords principal co-principal accomplice coexistence in the scene
..2522, ..2522, .. 2534 171 83
1 17 1
.
107
2 3 8555/25534 47/25385 6 7
2 83
... 3 , 1, 10 ()
( : , 2551), .606. 4 8555/2553, , .50. 5 47/2538, , .6. 6 84
... 7 86
...
108 Graduate law Journal
86 84
109
810-813/25448 1970/25309 176/253710 225/255511 1 12
1. 1.1 Common Law
8 810-813/2544, , 2, .120. 9 1970/2530, , 7, .1345. 10 176/2537, , 6, .5. 11 225/2555, , 1, .10. 12 , 3, .611.
110 Graduate law Journal
(principal in the first degree) (principal in the second degree) 13 (principal in the second degree) Common Law (present) (aid, abet) 14 (principal in the second degree) (constructive presence) (principal in the first degree) 15 Common Law (present) (accessory before the fact) (present) 40 (principal in the second degree) (constructive presence) State v. Hamilton and Laurie
13 , .605. 14 ,
, , 2, 16, .23. 15 Wayne R. LaFave, Criminal Law, second edition (St.Paul, the United States of
America : West publishing co, 1986), p.571.
111
..187816 40 40 17 (constructive presence) 1.2
(principal) (accomplice) (joint principal) (Joint principal)18 ..1981 (joint principal) (accomplice)
16 Rollin M. Perkins, Criminal law, Second edition, Mineola, (New York : The Foundation Press Tnc, 1969), pp.660-661.
17 , , 4 () ( : , 2540), .81-82.
18 Catherine Elliott, French Criminal Law, (Devon, U.K. : Willan Publishing. 2001), p.93.
112 Graduate law Journal
19 (accomplice) (accomplice)
1.3
(Co-perpetrator) 25(2) 20
(Hegemony-Over-the-Act-Theory) 21
19 lbid., p.93. 20 ,
(Taeterschaft und Teilnahame) , , 3, 55, .198, (- 2551).
21 , .195.
113
22 23 24 25
26
22 , -, ( , 2531), .61.
23 , 20, .194. 24 , .195. 25 , , 2 ( :
, 2547), .329. 26 , 20, .198.
114 Graduate law Journal
83 86
2 (Hegemony-Over-the-Act-Theory) 2 (constructive presence)
115
116 Graduate Law Journal
LEGAL MEASURES TO PROTECT THE ELDERLY FROM ABUS
Chalermwut Sarakij
ABSTRACT Elderly persons who are in need others to make a living. And persons who are at risk of becoming victims of abuse, other countries have been certified and protect the rights of the elderly by law. The country ratified the legal rights of the elderly as well. But legal measures for the protection of older people are very
. .
117
different to those of other countries. In particular, the development of the law on the protection of the elderly.
Keyword Elder elderly elder abuse Cruelty to the elderly violence against elderly, domestic violence remedies to elderly the elderly protection.
(Aging Society) .. 2556 66 60 9.6 14 .. 2583 32.1 (Anging process)
118 Graduate Law Journal
1.
119
398 307
120 Graduate Law Journal
62 60 60 60 60
121
2. (Punitive damages) .. 2550 .. 2550
122 Graduate Law Journal
.. 2544 (2) (3) (4)
3. (Protective order) .. 2550 2
123
4. .. 2546 .. 2546
124 Graduate Law Journal
138 Graduate Law Journal
:
.. 2556 21 CHECK AND BALANCE : CASE STUDY OF THE ELECTRONIC SURVEILLANCE
OF THE ANTI-ORGANIZED CRIME ACT B.E. 2556 (2013) SECTION 21
Preeyachart Halumjiak
.. 2556 21
:
..2556 21 . . .
139
CCTV
ABSTRACT The Electronic surveillance of the anti-organized crime Act B.E. 2556 (2013)
section 21 is a new special investigation technique in order to p re v e n t a n d su p p re s s t ra n sn a t io n a l o rg a n iz e d c r im e but the use of electronic or telecommunication surveillance devices would invade the people right; therefore check and balance system are very significant.
Keywords Check and balance, Surveillance, Anti-organized crime Act, Special
investigation Technique, Organized-crime, Transnational crime, Participating in organized-crime, Tracking device, Surveillance camera, CCTV, Investigation, Monitoring, Information acquisition
1
1 ,
, (: , 2537), .1.
140 Graduate Law Journal
(United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime) 20 (Special Techniques)
.. 2556 21
141
21 .. 2556
142 Graduate Law Journal
1.
.. 2556
Electronic Surveillance (covert) (covert surveillance)
Current practices in electronic surveillance in the investigation of serious and organized crime United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime electronic surveillance
1) (Audio surveillance) Phone-tapping, Voice over internet protocol Room Bugging
2 ) (Visual surveillance) Hidden video surveillance, In-car video systems, Body-worn video devices, Thermal imaging/forward looking infrared CCTV
3) (Tracking surveillance) GPS/transponders, Mobile phone, Radio frequency identification devices Biometric information technology (retina scans etc.)
143
4 ) (Data surveillance) Computer/Internet (spyware/cookies) Keystroke monitoring
electronic surveillance .. 2556 1) (Audio surveillance) 4) (Data surveillance) 17 21 17 17 (visual or data) (visual) (behavior) (tracking) 2) (Visual surveillance) 3) (Tracking surveillance) 21 .. 2556
2.
.. 2547 25 .. 2542 46 .. 2519 4 .. 2545 14 .. 2551 30 (monitor)
144 Graduate Law Journal
()
3. 2
.. 2556 21 .. 2556
4.
145
.. 2556 21 .. 2556 .. 2556 21 .. 2556 (maximum)
5.
(Due Process of Law Model) (Crime Control Model) (expectation of privacy)
146 Graduate Law Journal
6.
()
7.
147
148 Graduate Law Journal
CRIMES AGAINST HUMANITY AND THAI CRIMINAL PROVISIONS
Pianrat Leelapongsatorn
ABSTRACT Crimes against humanity have been appeared for a long time and
continued until today. Therefore, everyone has sought cooperation to prevent and deter it by the international mechanism. Many countries have eagerly amended, reviewed and added their criminal laws in order to comprehend the liability of crimes against humanity. Nevertheless, Thai criminal law has never
. . .
149
constituted crimes against humanity as the offence particularly until now that leads to many problems. Therefore, crimes against humanity implementation in Thai criminal law is virtually necessary.
Keywords Crimes against humanity
7 11
150 Graduate Law Journal
3
1.
.. 2488 .. 2488 3 1 29 .. 2510
1 , ,
, , 2551, .78.
151
2488 .. 25102
(Murder) 10 1 2883 289 4
(Extermination) (Mass Killing)
2 , .79-80. 3 288
4 289 ...
(1) (2)
(3) (4) (5) (6) (7)
152 Graduate Law Journal
(Large-scale Killing) 7 2 (b) 5 10 1 - 2346 2367 2378 2389
5 Antonio Cassese, International Criminal Law, (New York: Oxford University Press,
2003), p.74. 6 234
7 236
8 237
153
10
2.
9 238 226 237
10 , 4, , 4 (: , 2554), .81.
154 Graduate Law Journal
(Double criminality) 11 2
2.1
(Murder) 288 289
10 1 288 289
... .. 2551 2912
11 , , (:
, 2555) , .77. 12
155
.. 2535
2.2 (Double
Criminality)
(Safe haven)
3.
18 .. 1969 (Refrain)
156 Graduate Law Journal
13
3.1
(Codified)
(Crimes against Humanity) 6(c) 1945 1899 1907 (The Hague Conventions No.II of 1899 and No.IV of 1907) 1998
13 , , ( , 2553), .112.
157
3.2
(State Practice)
.. 2488 3
2488 .. 2510
158 Graduate Law Journal
2
1. .. ... 1/2 1/1 135/5
2. ..
159
... .. ...
.. ...
3.3 7
3
7
7
160 Graduate Law Journal
Civil Law
3.4
(hostis humani generis)
161
7(1/2) (ne bis in idem No Double jeopardy) ... 10 7 (1/2)
3.5
162 Graduate Law Journal
Finland 3 ... (An attempt is punishable.)
3.6
4 (la loi de loubli)
3.7 2
163
... (Latvia)
.. 2535
164 Graduate Law Journal
165
:
.. 2556 THE MEASURE ENCOURAGING AN OFFENDER TO PROVIDE USEFUL
INFORMATION TO THE COMPETENT OFFICIALS: STUDY IN THE ACT OF PREVENTION AND COMBAT AGAINST THE
PARTICIPATION IN TRANSNATION ORGANIZED CRIMES B.E. 2556
Siraprapa Umrod
..2000 ..2556
: . .2556 . . . .
166 Graduate Law Journal
ABSTRACT The measure encouraging an offender to provide useful information to the
competent officials appears in The United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime B.E. 2000. In Thailand this measure is still not efficient because there still are many problematic issues and obstacles such as the criteria for the Attorney General and the preponderance of this kind of evidence might not be enough to make it more likely than not that the fact the claimant seeks to prove it true.
Keywords Transnational Organized Crime accomplice witness immunity from
prosecution
..2000 ..2000 26 26
167
.. 2556 (Insider) 227/1 ..2000 ..2556 23
168 Graduate Law Journal
..2000 26
4
169
170 Graduate Law Journal
.. 2000 26 The Cooperation Plea Agreement1 (Insider) (Immunity Statues) The Cooperation
1 Robert E. Courtney III, Insider as Cooperating Witness Overcoming Fear and
Offering Hope, Securing Protection and Cooperation of Witness and Whistle-blowers, p.39 (2011)
171
Plea Agreements
(Immunity Witness) Queens Evidence
()
()
1% 2003 Queens Evidence The Serious Crime Organised and Police Act 2005 2
2 Angela Veng Mei Leong, The Disruption of International Organised Crime : an
Analysis of Legal and Non-Legal Strategies, (Cornwall : Ashgate Publishing Limited, 2007), p.175.
172 Graduate Law Journal
.. 2000
173
.. 2556 23 .. 2547 5 79 .. 2547 23 .. 2556
174 Graduate Law Journal
() ()
()
() ()
()
()
5
.. 2556 Corroboration Evidence
175
227/1
(1)
(2)
176 Graduate Law Journal
(3)
(4)
(5)
177
227/1
178 Graduate Law Journal
SURROGATE INFORMED CONSENT
Suttipong Kitchaicharoenporn
Common Law
ABSTRACT In Thailand, there is no matter of law or any judgment concerning about consent for incapacity patient. Thus, this article is aim for studies on judgments and law provisions relating to giving consent as a surrogate for incapacitated patients in foreign countries, especially in Common Law, in order to know which rules and scopes of giving consent are valid. Moreover, there are solutions for
. .
179
improving legal provisions relating to giving consent as a surrogate for patients in order to have clear standards for performance in public health.
Keywords Informed Consent Surrogate Incapacity Person
(Informed Consent)
180 Graduate Law Journal
3 1. 2. 3.
1. 1.1
1
1.2
- (Capacity) - (Disclosure) - (Understanding) - (Voluntariness)
1 , , ,
, 42, 1, . 90, ( 2549).
181
- (Decision) 1.3 .. 2550 .. 2550
8
(1)
(2)
(Informed Consent) Common Law 2
2 , ,
8 ... .. 2550, , , (: , 2554), . 54.
182 Graduate Law Journal
.. 2550 3
2. 2.1 (Pure Autonomy) Pure Autonomy
(Advance Directive) (Living Will) (Durable Power of Attorney) Advance Directive
3 , Informed Consent,
8 ... .. 2550, , , (: , 2554), . 65.
183
4
2.2 (Substituted Judgment)
5 Substituted Judgment 6 7
Substituted Judgment Claire Conroy Conroy 83 Thomas Whittemore Connroy Conroy Conroy Conroy Whittemore New Jersey
4 Tom L. Beauchamp, Principle of Biomedical Ethics, 6th Edition, (New York: Oxford University Press, 2009), pp. 137-138. 5 Jessica W. Berg, et. al., Informed Consent Legal Theory and Clinical Practice, 2nd Edition, (New York: Oxford University Press, 2001), p. 113. 6 Tom L. Beauchamp, supra note 4, p. 136. 7 Jessica W. Berg, et. al., supra note 5, p. 113.
184 Graduate Law Journal
Whittermore
Airedale National Health Service Trust v. Bland (1993) Anthony Bland 17 Hillsborough Bland Bland (Persistent Vegetative State PVS) Bland Bland Substituted Judgment (Best Interest) Goff ( Substituted Judgment) 8
2.3 (Best Interest) Best Interest
Common Law Best Interest (Never Competent)
8 Marc Stauch, Kay Wheat, and John Tingle, Text, Cases and Materials on Medical
Law, 5th Edition, (Oxon: Routledge Cavendish, 2006), p. 195.
185
Substitute Judgment9
Re Eve [1986] 2 SCR 388 24 (Aphasia) La Forest J 10
Hart v Brown (Super 1972)11 7 10 Best Interest
3. 8 .. 2550
9 Ellen Wright Clayton, Children, In Routledge Handbook of Medical Law and
Ethics, ed. Yann Joly and Bartha Maria Knoppers (Oxon: Routledge, 2014), p. 67. 10 Marc Stauch, Kay Wheat, and John Tingle, supra note 8, pp. 187-188. 11 Ian Kennedy, and Andrew Grubb, Medical Law: Text with Materials, 2nd Edition,
(London: Butterworth & Co (Publishers) Ltd, 1994), p. 260.
186 Graduate Law Journal
21 12
8 .. 2550
South Australia The Consent to Medical Treatment and Palliative Care Act 1995 ( 2010) (Supreme Court)
12 .. 2551 21
22
187
13 The Mental Capacity Act 2005 1(5) Court of Protection (Deputy)
14
13 , :
, 8 ... .. 2550, , , (: , 2554), . 92.
14 , Medical Dilemma: , 9 . 761-766 ( 2550).
188 Graduate Law Journal
(Informed Consent)
.. 2550
1.)
2.)
3.)
189
(Euthanasia)
4.) "" 5(c)
5.)
190 Graduate law Journal
THE PROBLEM OF LAW ENFROCEMENT FOR TRESPASS IN PENAL CODE
AND LAND CODE IN CASE FO RATCHAPATSADU LANDS
Uthetchai Suthimal
362 9
108 9
ABSTRACT Penal Code section 3 6 2 and Land code section 9 and section 1 0 8 bis
prescribe penalties for trespass. The Supreme Court has laid a guidelines that the offense under the Penal Code applies to trespass of private real properties or State
. . .
191
land holdings like private. The offense under the Land Code applies to trespass of public land but because of word State land in section 9 does not prescribe the meaning in any section. So the problem of law enforcement occurs in case of Ratchapatsadu Lands because it has two legal status.
Keywords Ratchapatsadu Lands Trespassing Trespass
362
9 108
2 1.
1 2 2 1.1
1.2
(..1) ..3
192 Graduate law Journal
1367
2. 2 1304 1307 2
2.1 1307
1307 1382 1306 1306 2.2
1305, 1306 1307
193
1307 2.2.1 2.2.2 ..2518 4 (1) (2) 4
194 Graduate law Journal
1304 (1) (2) 1304 (3)
362 362 366 362 365
9
(1) (2)
(3) 9 108 9
195
9
5616/2539 362, 365 9, 108 108
681/2550 365 (2) 108 9 (1) (2)
196 Graduate law Journal
90 365 (2)
108 18 365 (2) 108 108
5616/2539 9 306/2517 5616/2539 4 ..2518 9 681/2550 365 (2)
681/2550
2
197
365 (2) 9 108 5616/2539
681/2550 9 108 108 5616/2539
365 (2) 108 365 (2) 108
198 Graduate law Journal
199
:
THE AUTONOMOUS UNIVERSITY OF LOCAL ADMINISTRATIVE ORGANIZATION : THE CASE OF
NAVAMINDRADHIRAJ UNIVERSITY
Krithin Dingkaew
.. 2553
:
. . . .
200 Graduate Law Journal
ABSTRACT This article aspires to study pattern of the autonomous university of local
administrative organization according to Navamindradhiraj University Act B.E. 2553 (2010) which is prescribed that university are the state agency and under the tutelage of Bangkok Metropolitan Organization. Although this university pattern can be compared with State Autonomous Universitys pattern, but there are particularities cause this university differentiate from other state universities and that leads to many legal problems and pragmatic problems.
Keywords Higher Education University Autonomy State Autonomous University The Autonomous University of Local Administrative Organization State Agency, Navamindradhiraj University
.. 2553
201
1. (Higher Education University Education) 1 (Tertiary Education)2
1 , .. 2554, ( :
, 2556), .1422. 2 , , 1 ( :
, 2518), .1.
202 Graduate Law Journal
3
. . (Adult) (Students) (Pupils) 4 . . (University) ( Institute) (College)
3 , , ( : , 2530), . 2.
4 Ronald Barnet, The Idea of Higher Education, (Buckingham : SRHE, 1990), p.7.
203
5
(Self-governance) 6 7 8 9
5 2, . 46 55. 6 CESCR General Comment No.13 : The Right to Education (Art.13), para. 40. 7 2, . 46 55. 8 CESCR General Comment No.13 : The Right to Education (Art.13), para. -39. 9 CESCR General Comment No.13 : The Right to Education (Art.13), para. 39.
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.. 2553
205
2. 10 .. ...
127 69 12 2553 .. 2556 130 53 20 .. 2556
.. 2553 ( 5) ( 4) ( 6) ( 7) ( 14)
10 .. 2553
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( 9) ( 21) ( 26 31) ( 24) 70 ( 15) ( 45) ( 21(10)) ( 46) ( 21 (10)) ( 64) ( 66)
207
( 53) ( 41) ( 42) ( 43) ( 44) ( 48) ( 69) ( 70) ( 71 75)
208 Graduate Law Journal
3. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
209
1. 2. 3. 4.
210 Graduate Law Journal
5.
211
212 Graduate Law Journal
:
LEGAL PROBLEMS ON INCOME OF SUBDISTRICT ADMINISTRATIVE
ORGANIZATION: A CASE STUDY IN INCOME COLLECTING INCOME ALLOCATING AND BORROWING
Kanasphisit Rajchasing
:
ABSTRACT This article on Legal Problems on Income of Subdistrict Administrative
Organization : A Case Study in Income Collecting Income Allocating and
: . . . .
213
Borrowing is to study legal theories on income of Subdistrict Administrative Organization in cases of income collecting, income allocating and borrowing and related legal issues to increase Subdistrict Administrative Organizations revenue. The studies begin with the concept of Subdistrict Administrative Organization, the revenue collecting, revenue allocating and borrowing and study on the revenue collecting system of others foreign local government to analyze, compare and present the legal issues about income of Subdistrict Administrative Organization and also suggests the conclusion to solve problems as stated above.
1.
4 1) 2) 3) 4)
214 Graduate Law Journal
1 ..2537 ..2537 ..2542
2.
1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7) ..2535 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7) 8) 9) 10) 11) ..2556 8,766.78
1 , :
, (: , 2545), . 6 10.
215
95,857.25 2 ..2548 ..2542 ..2537
3.
1) 2) 3)
2 ,
2556, 16 2557, http://www.fpo.go.th/FPO/index2.php?mod=Content&file=contentview&contentID=CNT0006803&categoryID=CAT0001183
216 Graduate Law Journal
3.1 : (..700 1066) .. 1835 ..1832 .. 1835 2 ..2012 163
3.2 : 3 ..1965 ..1965 ..1965 2 3
3 Department for Communities and Local Government, Local Government
Financial Statistics England, 23 (May 2013), p. 35.
217
..2010 39.64
3.3 : ..1958 5 .. 1914 ..1917 () ..2014 46 5
4 Tax Bureau Ministry of Finance, Comprehensive Handbook of Japanese Taxes
2010, (Tokyo: n.p., 2010), p. 237. 5 Observatoire Des Finances Locales, Rapport de lObservatoire des finances
locales: Les finances des collectivits locales en 2014, (Paris: Cursives, 2014), p. 77.
218 Graduate Law Journal
6
4.
487
4.1 4.1.1
..2542
6 Monsieur SABLAYROLLES Benoit, Head of the centralization and
the valuation of the accounts of the local collectives Public finance general directorate of the ministry of budget, , , 27 2554
7 , , 2 2557, http://www.dla.go.th/work/money/index.jsp
219
1) ..2557 14 2556 ..2542 ..2522 ..2522 2555 ( 3) 67 (1) ..2537 16 (2) ..2542
2) 23 (15) ..2542 ..2497 ..2497
3) ..2542
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4.1.2 ..2537 1)
..2521 ..2524
2) ..2537 ..2542 7
3)
4) ..2537 ..2537 83
221
()8
4.1.3 ..2542 ..2542 9 ..2537 ..2542
4.2
8 , 0901/0002
(), 4 2555 9 , 0601/1219, , 15
2543
222 Graduate Law Journal
1)
2) ..2497
3)
4)
5)
6)
223
7) 83 ..2537
8) ..2542 ..2542 ..2542 ..2537
224 Graduate Law Journal
THE RIGHT TO PARTICIPATION OF PEOPLE IN THE CONTROL OF CORRUPTION IN LOCAL ADMINISTRATIVE ORGANIZATIONS
Nichapawi Sirisoda
ABSTRACT The right to participation of people in the control of corruption in local
administrative organizations is greatly significant for the national prevention and suppression as it includes the civil rights and roles. In fact, the right to participation was certified in the constitutional law and other acts; it is a legal
. . .
225
mechanism allowing people to take part in the control of corruption local administrative organizations.
Keywords Rights Participation Participation of people control corruption Local
Administrative Organizations
1(Corruption)
2
2550 3 10 56 57 58 59 62
1 , , 2541, .7. 2 ...., 10 2558,
www.http://thaipublica.org/2014/09/statistics-local-government-fraud
226 Graduate Law Journal
11 64 14 285 287
..2540 7 9 11 314 15 15 4
3 , , 2, ( :
, 2544), .151. 4 , , 5,
( : , 2555), .267-268.
227
5 ..2542 ( 2)..2554 ... ... ... ..2542 6..2542 ..2542
5 ( 5) ..2546 92 6 , ,
( : , 2555), .33-39.
228 Graduate Law Journal
7
2550 3 10 56 57 59 60 62 11 63 14 285 287
..2540 ..2542 ( ...)
7 , , 3,
( : , 2552), .17-18.
229
..2542 (2) ..2554
(1) (Right to Know)
(2)
(3)
...
(4) ..2542
230 Graduate Law Journal
(5)
...
..2540
(1)
231
(2)
4
..254015
(3)
..2542 3 5 823
8 ,
, ( , 2555), .129.
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The King can do no wrong THE PRINCIPLE OF THE KING CAN DO NO WRONG
Taratorn Moomthong
The King can do no wrong
(Constitutional Monarchy) (Royal Prerogative) (Conventional Constitution) (Cabinet System)
ABSTRACT "The King can do no wrong" is the principle of the English Constitution that
relates to the concepts of Constitutional Monarchy, Royal Prerogative, Constitutional Convention, Cabinet System and the act of the King by the advice of ministers who take both legal and political responsibilities.
The King can do no wrong
. . . .
233
KeyWords Constitutional Monarchy Constitutional Convention Royal Prerogative Cabinet
System
The King can do no wrong
The King can do no wrong (Constitutional Monarchy)
1. The King can do no wrong The King can do no wrong
"" 1 (1)
17 "" (2)
(3) () (
Henry 3 ) 4)
The King can do no wrong
1 Ketana Krishna, Development of the Doctrine of Sovereign Immunity in England
and India, Accessed April 10 2015, from http://www.ssrn.com
234 Graduate Law Journal
(Feudalism) () 2
The King can do no wrong
2.1 (feudalism) (Royal Court)
(feudalism) Lord (Feudalism) (Royal Court)3 circuit judge Common law Lord (Feudalism) Lord
2 O. Hood Phillips and Paul Jackson, Constitutional and administrative law, 7th
ed. (London : Sweet & Maxwell, 1987) pp. 246 -247 3 , , 3, ( : , 2552), . 17 - 35
235
2.2
17 Stuarts The King can do no wrong
2.3
Charles 1 (.. 1623 -1649) Charles 1 4 The King can do no wrong The King can do no wrong
2.4 Henry 3 (.. 1216 1272)
9 John Magna Carta .. 1215
4 , , ( : , 2521), . 131 - 132
236 Graduate Law Journal
Henry 3 5 The King can do no wrong 2.5 The King's two bodies ()
6 2 7 The King can do no wrong 2.6
Common Law
5 , . ., : , ,
( : , 2522), . 41 S. B. Chrimes. English constitutional history, 2d ed., London, Oxford University Press (1953) p. 99
6 Maurice Sunkin and Sebastian Payne, The nature of the crown : a legal and political analysis, (Oxford : Oxford University Press, 1999), p. 52
7 Ketana Krishna, supra note 1
237
The King can do no wrong
2.7 (Crown) The King can do no wrong
The King can do no wrong (Crown) Tobin v. R ...8
3. The King can do no wrong
(Cabinet System) (Royal Prerogative) Common Law
8 , :
, ( : , 2555), .198
238 Graduate Law Journal
2 1) 2) 9 (Conventional Constitution) 10 (Constitutional Monarchy)
The King can do no wrong (act on the advice of ministers) (Ministerial Responsibility) 11
9 , , ( : .. , 2529), . 118 121 10 , , ( : , 2537), . 16 11 , : , ( , 2541), . 55 - 56
239
12 1) (Assent to Legislation) (The Creation of Peers) 2) (The Dissolution of Parliament) (The Appointment of Ministers) (Queens Speech) 3) (The Appointment of a Prime Minister) The King can do no wrong (Crown Proceeding Bill) .. 1947 (Crown Proceeding Act 1947) 13
12 , . 56 57 , A.V. dicey, Introduction to the Study of the Law of the Constitution, 10th Edition, (London : Macmillan and Co., 1959) , pp. 24 25 Vernon Bogdanor, The Monarchy and The Constitution, (Oxford : Clarendon Press, 1995), p.14
13 Karl-Alexander Hampe, Die Amtshaftung im englischen Recht, AR Bd.76 (1950 -1951),309. S. 317 319 , :
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.. 1947 (Crown Proceeding Act 1947) (vicarious liability) (direct liability) 14
The King can do no wrong
(feudalism) Common Law The King can do no wrong (Crown) (Constitutional Monarchy)
, ( : , 2555) . 202 14 , , . 203
241
(Constitutional Convention)
The King can do no wrong (Crown) .. 1947 (Crown Proceeding Act) (Crown) The King can do no wrong 1) (Feudalism) 2) (Royal prerogative)
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The King can do no wrong The King can do no wrong
243
LEGAL PROBLEM CONCERNING CONFLICTS BETWEEN PERSONAL INTEREST
AND PUBLIC INTEREST OF MEMBER OF COUNCIL AND EXECUTIVE OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT
Nakarintr Naka
. . .
244 Graduate Law Journal
ABSTRACT The conflict between private and public interest among person holding member of council and executive of local government has been the beginning of the corruption. That issue is causing enormous damage to local administrative organization. If considering the causes of such problems has found several reasons such as enforcement of provision, difference of interpretation the provision, and redundancy of the procedural. From these reasons led to the inefficient prevention and suppression of corruption in Thailand.
Keywords Conflict of Interest Conflict between Private and Public Interest Member of
Council of Local Government Executive of Local Government Interest
1
1 ,
: , ( : , 2546), .7.
245
1.
246 Graduate Law Journal
2 3
2
2 , : , 2 ( : ,2553), .115 -116.
3 , , ( : , 2550), .35
247
(Prohibited-interest, Disqualification model) (Disclosure of Personal Interest) (Post-office Employment Restriction) 4
9 3 .. 2542 ...
4 , , 4 ( : , 2554), .32
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.. 2540 .. 2496 .. 2537
(United Nation : UN) .. 2003 (United Nation International Convention Against Corruption 2003) (United Nation Code of Conduct for Public Officials 1996) 5
5 , .. 2003 , (, 2551), .14.
249
(the Standards Board for England)
.. .. (The United States Code : U.S.C.) D.C. Official Code .. (D.C. Board of Election and Ethics) the District of Columbia 6 2
6 Section 1-1163.04 of DC official code
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2. 2.1 2 ... 100 .. 2542 100 ...
251
... 100 .. 2542 2.2 2.3
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2.4 ...
... ... .. 2554 ... ... ... ...
253
LEGAL PROBLEMS ON ADMINISTRATIVE COURTANNEXED MEDIATION OF ADMINISTRATIVE DISPUTES
Natacha Vsindilok Polphruks
ABSTRACT This Thesis aims to conduct a comparative study on the practice of Court-
Annexed Mediation in several countries, particularly the Thai Administrative
. . . .
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Court. The study finds that the Thai Administrative Court has not yet adopted Court-Annexed Mediation but there are the uses of Mediation by the presiding judges to settle the dispute. I also propose that such mediation can be used in all types of administrative cases. However, the Administrative Court needs careful consideration on whether a given case is suitable to be mediated.
Keywords Mediation, Court Administrative Court-Annexed Mediation, Alternative Dispute Resolution, ADR, Administrative Court
(Justice
delayed is justice denied)1 (Mediation) (Alternative Dispute Resolution ADR)
1 William E. Gladstone quotes.
255
1.
(Mediation) (Conciliation) 2
2 Frost, Stephen, Use of ADR in AAT GST Case, Accessed February 10, 2012,
http://www.aat.gov.au/Publications/SpeechesAndPapers/AATMembers/docs/FrostUseOfADRSeptember2011.rtft.
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(1) (2) (Legal State) (The Rule of Law)
257
3
3 (1) ()
() ()
3 Brian J. Preston, The Use of Alternative Dispute Resolution in Administrative
Disputes, Paper presented at the Symposium on the Guarantee of the Right to Access to the Administrative Jurisdiction on the occasion of the 10th Anniversary of the Supreme Administrative Court of Thailand, published in (2011) 22 Australasian Dispute Resolution Journal 144, pp.15-20, , , (ADR) , ( : ., 2554), .68, , (ADR) , ( : ., 2554) .92-55, , : , , 12 3, .60-67, (- 2555).
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(2) () [ ] () [ ] () [ ]
(3) ( )
(4) ( )
(5) NGOs ( )
(6) ( )
(7) (8)
(9) (10) () (11)
259
(1)
( )
(2) (3) (
) (4) (5) (6) (7) (Legal Precedent)
4
(Conciliator) (Mediator) 19 20 20 4
4 19
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.. 2544 .. 2547 .. 2554 175 850 852 138
20
20
261
55 61 .. 25425 2 .. 2543 82 .. 25436
5 .. 2542 55 ...
...
61 ...(5) ...
6 .. 2543 82
262 Graduate Law Journal
. 12 () . 19 ()
4
(1.1) 7 (1.2) (1.3) (1.4)
7 Richard C. Ruben, ADR and the Rule of Law: Making the Connection, Dispute
Resolution Magazine. 16(4), p.6 (Summer 2010), see also Laurence Boulle, Alternative Dispute Resolution, Case Management and the Rule of Law, The National Legal Eagle. 8(2), pp.8-11, (Spring 2002).
263
(1.5) (1.6) (1.7) .. 2542 (2.1) (2.2) (2.3) (2.4) .. 2542 (..) .. .... 1
5
(Conciliator)
264 Graduate Law Journal
8 (1) / (2) (3) 55 61 .. 2542 2 .. 2543 (4) (5) (6) (7) 82 .. 2543
265
APPLICATION OF THE MANAGEMENT OF AFFAIRS WITHOUT MANDATE IN THAI ADMINISTRATIVE LAW
Preeyanoot Mahawan
ABSTRACT The principle of management of affairs without mandate should be
applied as one of the administrative legal principles to the resolution of Thai administrative disputes regarding the cases of management without authorization of activities that are the missions of public service of the administrative organ in
. . . .
266 Graduate Law Journal
the circumstance of urgency. In addition, the application of this principle shall be made only in the extent not inconsistency with the principles of administrative law. The administrative Court should be the court having jurisdiction to adjudicate such cases.
Keywords Management of affairs without mandate Administrative law Administrative disputes
negotiorum gestio 1
1 , , , , ( 395 452), 2 ( : , 2557), .2.
267
1. negotiorum gestio
gestion daffaires Geschftsfhrung ohne Auftrag 2 2 395 405
3 1. 2. 3.
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2.
2.1
(enrichissement sans cause) 2 3 2 4 1. 2. 5
2 Franck Moderne, Les Quasi - contrats administratifs, (Paris : Dalloz, 1995), p.27
3 Ren Chapus. Droit administratif general. 15 dition. To