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cg'/ f]wsf] ljrng . Kn]gsf] ANofs l6s6 lsGg] ;fdYo{xLgtf . gofF e"uf]n 3'Dg], ToxfFsf] hLjg k9\g], cg'ej–cg'e"lt a6'Ng] . Pp6f ?lr ;a'sf] .

afFs], bfª, ;Nofg, ?s'd x'Fb} xfdL / f8L k'U5f}+ . clnk/ ;fgL e]/ L 5f]8]/ xfdL 7'nL e]/ sf] lsgf/ f ;dfT5f}+ . vfgfsf nflu rfprfp, lrgL / cGo ;fdfg af]/ fdf xfn]/ v]ug;Ddsf] af; to u/ ]/ lx8\5f}+ .

;fFemsf] a]nf, dgdf]xs ;do, ylst z/ L/ kfOnfx? la:tf/ } rN5g\ e]/ Lsf] lt/ df . 8f]Nkf / fhdfu{n] agfPsf] 5 af6f] s7Lg .

kx/ f] vf]k]/ ag]sf] 5 af6f] . 5f]K5 c1ft 8/ n] . ;a' o:tf] af6f] s;/ L kf/ uln{g\ < xf};nf pn{G5 pT;fxsf nflu .

k}tnf k'mlTsP afFRg] cfzf sd} 5 . pgL xft v'§f 6]s]/ l3l;|lG5g\ psfnf]df klg . u5'{ d klg To;} . cf/ fd;Fu÷;':t/ L lx8\g cfu|x d]/ f] . pgsf] klg cfu|x o:t} dk|lt . ;fob pgn] hLjgdf klxnf] k6s olt si6s/ af6f] lxl8g\ . d}n] ;f]lwgF pgnfO{ . cfˆgf] kL8f kf]v]/ , dnfO{ kL8f u/ fpg] rfx lyPg Sof/ ] . a? s7Lg ofqf ug{ ;Sg] hfx]/ L pgsf] .

e]/ L tL/ sf] ofqf Psk|sf/ sf] / f]df~rs lyof] . Psk|sf/ sf] si6k|b . of] d]/ f] t];|f] / ;fob clGtd ofqf lyof] . klZrdlt/ nfu]sf] ;"o{sf] ls/ 0fn] xfdLnfO{ nv]l6/ x]sf] lyof] af; a:gsf nflu .

qmdzM / ft kb}{ uof] . pgL cflQb} uOg a;fOsf] nflu . pgsf nflu gofF ofqf, gofF e"uf]n, gofF cg'ej lyof] of] .

af;:yfg glhs} ePsf] eGy]+ d .t/ klg pgL cflQlGyg\ . / ft÷;fFem t?g x'Fb} lyof] . tn Pstdf;n] e]/ L

;';fO/ x]sf] lyof] . e]/ Lsf] of] ;':;fx6df stf–stf 8/ lyof] . stf–stf cldnf] kL8f .

;fgf] ufpF . b'O{–rf/ j6f k;n . af; a:gsf nflu Ps–b'O{ j6f xf]6]n . xfdL vu]gsf]6 cfOk'Uof}+ .

vRr/ sf] sf]nfxn;Fu} xfd|f] lgb|f eª\u x'G5 . ;'? u5f}{+ lx8\g xfdL . psfnf], t];|f], hª\un, l56k'6 a:tL .

o:t}–o:t} af6f] .e]/ LnfO{ 5f]P/ hLjgnfO{ cg'e"t ug]{ rfxgf . pgsf]

clg d]/ f] . Ps6sn] x]5f}+{ e]/ L . e]/ L lgnf] aU5 . e]/ Lsf]

pkof]lutf of]hgf sNkG5' d . dfgf}+ pgL of]hgf cfof]usf] sd{rf/ L x'g\ .

laxfgsf] ef]s e]/ Lsf] df5f / / f]6Ln] 6fg]{ ;f]r . e]/ Lsf] df5fsf] :jfb j0f{G5' d . :jfbxLgtf pgLdf . df5f kfpFb}gsf] cfjfh xfdL b"w / f]6L vfP/ e]/ Lsf] 5]pmlt/ nfU5f}+ .

xfd|f] pT;fx, / f]rstf, ;f}Gbo{, ;ª\uLt, ufos–s]jn e]/ L .kfvfdf e]l6G5g\ 6fFl;Psf a:tL, vNjf6 8fF8f,

r§fg] e"ld . st}–st} kfvfdf e]l6G5g\ ufO{, afv|f e]8f / uf]7fnfx? . pgL la/ lQmlG5g\ k6s–k6s .

s:tf] a:tL Û s:tf] b]z Ûof] s'g lhNnf xf] < ;f]wgL pgsf] .emf8fkvfnfn] ;tfPsf] lhNnf– hfh/ sf]6 . lrgfpF5'

7fpF d .7fpF–7fpFdf vRr/ n] af6f] cj/ f]w u5{g\ xfd|f] . 8f]Nkf

af]Sg] -arfpg]_ vRr/ bf}8G5g\ ljs6tfdf klg . vRr/ sf] 9f8df afFr]sf] lar/ f 8f]Nkf .

a; 6«s b]v]sL pgnfO{ cgf}7f] nfU5 vRr/ b]Vbf . vRr/ sf] ef/ L af]sfO, p;sf] bf}8fO, Ps6sn] x]l/ / xlG5g\ af6fsf] lsgf/ fdf pleP/ pgL . vRr/ sf] Sof/ fef; uxg?kn] k9]/ pgL elG5g\–

…t]/ f b]z ÛÚoltv]/ pgdf kL8f 5– b]z ef]Ug'sf] .vRr/ x]g]{sf] klg hLjgdf cfˆg} of]hgf xf]nfg\ . Pp6f clgi6 va/ Û;f]wk"5 u5{ cfOdfO{sf] x"n . …cfˆg} vRr/ n] kmfn]/

vRr/ ] d¥of] / ] Û st} b]Vg' ef] < s]xL ;'Gg' xf] <Úcgle1tf xfd|f] .g}/ fZo cg'xf/ xfdLaf6 5'l§P . ;fob pgLx? cfkmGtsf]

vf]hLdf lyP . dfG5] eP/ afFRg k|of;/ t vRr/ ]x? . 8f]NkfnfO{ arfpg] gfddf lx8\bf lx8\b} slt d/ ] e]/ Lsf] lt/ df .

cfTdf/ fd klg o;/ L g} a]kQf ePYof] . slt

cfTdf/ fdx? cfˆgf] cfTdf x/ fpF5g\ e]/ Lsf] lt/ df . cfk"mnfO{ hf]lvd df]n]/ c?nfO{ arfpg vf]Hg] vRr/ ]x?

of] si6s/ af6f]df slt lrGtg u5{g\ xf]nf <lx8fOsf] tLj| rfk ;a'sf] v'§fdf kL8f cf]n{G5 . afbnsf] nx/ n] cfsfz 5f]k]kl5 jif{G5 kfgL la:tf/ } .

e"OF s'lx/ f] 8fF8faf6 cf]n{G5 a:tLx? 5f]Kb} .xfdL ?em]sf 5f}+ cln–cln . cg'e"lt 5 lr;f]sf] klg .

xfdL vfgf vfg rf}sfsf] xf]6]ndf k:5f}+ . oxfF eg] kfOof] df5f . pgn] hLjgdf klxnf] k6s vfPsf] df5fsf] :jfb eg] gdL7f] eof] .

d]/ f] j0f{gftLt :jfb pgn] To;df e]l6gg\ . vfgf vfOj/ L kfgL k/ fOsf] lj>flGtdf xfdLn] xf]6]ndf

lj>fd lnof}+ . df};d lrl;b} uof] . dfly 8fF8fdf lxpF emg{ yfNof] . sfnf 8fF8f ;]tf x'Fb} uP .

pgnfO{ lxdkftn] / f]dfl~rt agfpFb} lyof] . pgn] klxnf] k6s lxdkft b]lvg\ . lxdkft a9\b} uPdf ;fFem;Dd xfd|f] a:tL;Dd lxpF cfpg] lglZrt lyof] . of] qmd em08} tLg 306fkl5 / f]lsof] / xfdL lx8\g ;'? u¥of}+ .

psfnf] / t];|f] lx8\g ;lhnf] eP klg cf]/ fnf] emg{ s7Lg x'Fb} uof] pgnfO{ . df};d cToGt lr;f] lyof] . af6f] lrKnf] lyof] . lx8fOsf] rfkn] z/ L/ df tfk k|;f/ 0f x'GYof] .

e"OF s'lx/ f] cf]lnb}{ u/ ]sf] b[Zo . dg stf–stf layf]lnGYof] . ;8s vgfOn] aLr–aLrdf af6f] cK7]/ f] aGb} uPsf] lyof] . kfgL k/ ]sf] lbg ;8s vGg]x? 3/ kms{b} u/ ]sf] e]l6G5g\ kmf6k'm6 .

;f]wgL d]/ f]– …af6f] s:tf] 5Ú sf] <…tkfOFx? hfg ;Sg'x'G5Ú sf] k|To'Q/ .d}n] 6]s]sf] kfOnfdf ;a' vf]RofpFb} 6]lS5g\ . cSs/ }

cSs/ sf] af6f] d pgnfO{ cufl8 nufpFb} eG5'– 3f/ L ;dft]/ ;':t/ L lx8 .

dfG5]sf] x'n xfdLnfO{ 5f]8]/ a9\5 cufl8 . xfdL tL dfG5]sf k}t'nf k5\ofpFb} lx8\5f}+ .

k}t'nf k'm:Sof] ls dfG5] e]/ Ldf k'U5 . ;dfTgnfO{, clNemgnfO{ ?v t s] a'6\ofg;d]t 5}g .

s:tf] clN5gsf] tNn'sf] eL/ . hLjgdf o:tf eL/ yf]/ } sfl6of] xf]nf . e]/ Llt/ x]g}{ x'Fb}g . x]¥of] ls cfFvf l/ ª\5g\ .

xftv'§f 6]s]/ af6f] sf6]kl5 sfFK5 z/ L/ . af6f] ;De]m/ .k}t'nf k'mTs]sf] eP < c1ft 8/ ;NanfpF5 . Ps / ft

u0f]z / d]/ f] oxL ef]ufO Yof]– vugsf]6 ufpF k'Ubf .xfdL tNn'sf] au/ kf/ ub}{ uf]tfdsf]6 k'Uof}+ . ;fFem

kg'{eGbf klxn] v'§fdf ysfg el/ G5 . ofqfsf] ;xofqL e]/ LnfO{ k/ 5f8]/ xfdL uf]tfdsf]6df af; a:5f}+ . Psflaxfg}, ;do rs]{sf] 5 5ftLdf . s] ;';]Nb} aU5 e]/ L ;w}+ < laxfg laxfg} d b]V5' pQfpnf 5fn . pgL b]lV5g\ 5fnx?df ;'Gb/ tf .

cfFvf cfˆg} cfˆg} . x]/ fO cf–cfˆg} .lxpFsf hnk nfu]sf kxf8 . xfdL bz{s 5f}+ oltv]/

uha 5 k|s[ltsf] / rgf . gfª\uf kxf8, 8/ nfUbf kx/ f tL kxf8sf] r]kaf6 r]lkb} aU5 gbL . kv]/ fdf r]lK6Psf 5g\ 3/ x? .

ofqf ljkl/ t wf/ df p;sf] / xfd|f] .st} ;':t . st} xtf/ . st} ;'vb . st} 6s/ fj .

p;sf] ofqf . Pjd\ / Lt xfd|f] klg . psfnf]sf] vRr/ em}+ s7Lg 5 ofqf ug{ ;a'nfO{ . d

pgsf] ;fdfg af]S5' 7fpF–7fpFdf .lxdk|b]zLo ;d:of . af;, uf;, jftfj/ 0f / e"uf]nsf] .xfdL gf:tf u/ ]/ cufl8 a9\5f}+ . pgL k6s–k6s

bf]x¥ofpFl5g\ . b]z o:tf] 5 eg]/ slxNo} ;f]lrgF . ;f]reGbf aflx/ sf] b]zdf xfdL lxl8/ x]5f}+ .

ca pgL vf]Rofpg z'? ul5{g\ . z/ L/ n] ;fy glbPdf ofqf si6s/ aG5 . xfdL la:tf/ } dgsfau/ cfOk'U5f}+ . kl/ lrt dfG5];Fu e]6 . xfdL d'l:snn] eft vfG5f}+ . pgsf] vRr/ df ;fdfg NofOlbg] cfu|x . xfdL s]xL ;fdfg 5f8]/ lx8\5f}+ .

s]xL ;lhlnG5 ofqf ca . cfh klg kfgL al;{of] . xfdL ?em\b} lx8\of}+ . 3f]8f, vRr/ , a:tLx?nfO{ 5f]8]/ } xfdL lqj]0fL ahf/ k'Uof}+ .

?s'd, hfh/ sf]6 / 8f]Nkfsf] ;ª\ud s]Gb| lqj]0fL ahf/ nfO{ 5f]8]/ xfdL cufl8 a9\of}+ .

cfh lbgel/ kmfNu'g / f]of] . kfgL aflSnPkl5 9'ª\ufsf] cf8df s'lk|P/ a:5f}+ xfdL . a:tL 6f9f 5 . kfgL 5Ng] s]xL 5}g . kfgL sd geP cfhsf] / ft oxL laTg]5 . ;f9] tLg eO;Sof] .

s/ kuf8 k'Ug ;do nfU5 . 9'ª\ufd'lgsf] a;fOFn] pgnfO{ kL8faf]w x'G5 . ;fob pgn] Oltxf;df k9]sf] 9'ª\u] o'u ef]lug\ Sof/ ] . dnLg 5 cg'xf/ pgsf] .

d pT;fx yK5' . pgLsxfF k'Ug' cufj} pT;fx ;]nfpF5 lr;f]df . d pgnfO{ x]5'{ . pgL xftdf afFw]sf] 38L x]l5{g\ . x]l5{g\ 9'ª\uf aflx/ sf] df};d .

;"o{ cfˆgf] / fHosf] ;do ;Sb} lyof] . rGb| / fHo ug]{ tof/ L ub}{ lyof] .

xfdL 9'ª\ufd'lg s'lk|P/ klv{/ x]5f}+– kfgL ydfOsf] .pgL k|fy{gf ul5{g\ . d k|fy{gf u5'{ .cfhsf] / fh 9'ª\ufd'lg glatf];\ Ûlagf k|ltlqmof e]/ L alu/ x]5 tn . e]/ L lsgf/ df e"FO

s'lx/ f] cf]n]{kl5 pgL emg} dlng x'Fb} uOg\ . d pgsf] cg'xf/ x]5'{ . pgL ?g ;s]sL 5}gg\ oltv]/ .

kfgL cln sd ePkl5 d lx8\g ;'? u5'{ . pgL rflx+ lx8\g'eGbf a9L vf]Rofpg ;'? ul5{g\ .

uPsf] jiff{tsf] Ps / ft af}nfof] s/ kuf8 . p;n] 3/ , v]t, dfG5], af6f] s]xL eg]g .

;a} aufof] .s/ kuf8sf] kl/ 0ffd af6f] cK7\of/ f] 5 ca . hlt

plSnb} hfG5f}+ s/ kuf8sf] kfunkg b]Vb} hfG5f}+ .ca s/ kuf8nfO{ kf/ u/ ]/ 5'g' 5 8f]NkfnfO{ xfdLn] .s/ kuf8sf] 5]pmd} xfd|f v'§f / GylgG5g\ lr;f]n] . 7f8f]

vf]nf k|];/ klg w]/ } . xfdL aLrdf k'Ug g;s]/ kms{G5f}+ / cln dfly k'u]/ k'naf6 kf/ u5f}+{ s/ kuf8nfO{ .

a:gnfO{ / fd|f] xf]6]n 5}g s/ kuf8df . lx+8\gnfO{ tfst / ;do b'a} 5}g xfdL;Fu . a;fOFsf

nflu ;f]wk'5 xf]6]ndf . k|To'Q/ df– …7fpF 5}g ÛÚxfdL k'U5f}+ csf]{ xf]6]ndf . xf]6]n s] egf}+ 3/ df . a"9L cfdf . s'/ f u5f}+{ af;sf] . pgL af]lNbgg\ s]xL .w]/ } cfu|x .af]nL k'm6\of] pgsf]– …a;] 5 . ga;] 5}g .ÚvfgeGbf a:g cfjZos lyof] xfdLnfO{ . Pp6f cFWof/ f]

sf]7f . Tof]eGbf cFWof/ f lyP vf6dflysf sk8f . dw'/ f] ?kdf an]sf] 5 6\o'anfO6 Pp6f s'gfdf . clxn] klg eft l5g]{ 5fF6 5}g . efteGbf c08f vfP/ ;'Tg] of]hgf . d'l:snn] rf/ j6f c08f e]6]+ . c08f dfq vfg] s'/ f ub}{ d sf]7fdf k'u]+ .

sf]7faf6 k'u]/ ;'? ef] g]kfnu~haf6} af]s]/ NofPsf / f]6L vfg . c08f cfof] st} sfFrf] st} hn]sf] . ;a'n] vfg ;lsgg\ . ef]sn] xf]nf d}n] vfPF ;a} .

of] / ft lxdfnL xfjf cf]9]/ ;'Tg' 5 . l;/ sleq -gfddfqsf] l;/ s_ klg / ftel/ gtft]/ pHofnf] eof] .

xfdL h'?Ss p7\of}+ / lx8\of}+ .xfdL rf/ lbgb]lv e]/ Lsf] lsgf/ fdf lxl8/ x]sf 5f}+ . e]/ L

st} lkmSsf lgnf] aU5 . st} uf9f lgnf] aU5 . st} ;]tf] aU5 .

ef}uf]lnstfdf Ps kl5 csf]{ ylkG5 ljs6tf . pgnfO{ b]z ;'Gb/ eGbf a9L s'?k nfU5 . aLr af6fx?df e]l6lG5g\ lxd k}/ fsf l9:sfx? .

pgn] klxnf] k6s lxpF :kz{ ul/ g\ . htf x]¥of], ;]tfd] 5g\ kfvfx? . aLr–aLrdf e]l6G5g\ kfv'/ fn] kx/ f kmf]/ ]/ ;8s agfpg]x? . dlxnfn] AofNr] rnfO/ x]sf] b[Zo pgL x]l5{g\ uf}/ u/ ]/ . d kmf]6f] s}b u5'{ >dzLn dlxnfx?sf] .

pgL crlDelG5g\ pgLx?sf] sfd x]/ ]/ . km'lTsG5 zAb o;k6s– dha"/ Ln] dfG5]nfO{ s]–s] ug{

l;sfpF5 Ûlz/ laG8]df k'u]/ ;a}nfO{ kmf]gdfk{mt\ ;Demb} tftf] rfprfp

vfP/ a9\5g\ kfOnf cufl8 . xfdL cln cufl8 k'u]/ aL; ?k}ofFsf b/ n] vfG5f}+ ds}sf / f]6L . ;fpgL elG5g\– …of] ds}sf] kL7f] klg cf}Nofnn] NofPsf x'g\ pt}af6 ÛÚ

s:tf] pj{/ fxLg 7fpF Û s:tf] dxª\uL Û cfh h'kmfn h;/ L eP klg k'Ug] of]hgf . lx8fOdf lyof]

tLj|tf . ;a'sf] v'§f b'vfOdf klg lyof] tLj|tf Û cfO8]S;n] b'vfO / f]Sg ;s]g . d}n] k/ }af6 b]vfPF– pm

lqk'/ f;'Gb/ L dlGb/ . pgdf cln–cln v'lzofnL 5fof] . xfdL lqk'/ fsf]6 x'Fb} h'kmfnsf] psfnf] nfUof}+ .

h'kmfnsf] 5]pmdf k'u]kl5 xfdLn] kms]{/ x]¥of}+ . hxfFaf6 xfdL kq}kq k/ ]sf kxf8x? sf6\b} cfPsf lyof}+ .

pgn] b]z ef]ufOsf] cg'ej u/ ]/ k]ml/ elgg\–æt]/ f b]z ÛÆpgn] ;lDemg\ pgn] k9]sf] b]z . b]z t ;flxTodf dfq ;'Gb/ / x]5 .pgn] b]v]sf] b]z t:jL/ df dfq ;'Gb/ / x]5 .w

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æyfxf kfof} ltDn] < / Tgk|;fbnfO{ t k'ln; rf}sLdf nu]5g\ lg .Æ

æcFx, d}n] t yfxf kfPs} 5}g . lsg nu]5g\ lg rf}sLdf <Æ

æv} Tof] t dnfO{ klg kQf] ePg . d}n] t ;f]dk|;fbn] eg]kl5 yfxf kfPsf] x'F .Æ

æs7} a/ f, ufpF3/ df Tolt / fd|f dfG5] . af]nL argdf s;}nfO{ egL gla/ fpg] . xfdLn] yfxf gkfpg] s] sfd lauf/ ]5g\ xF / Tgk|;fbn] <Æ

æTo} t d klg 5Ss k/ ]sf] 5' . ufpF ;dfhdf s;}n] g/ fd|f] sfd u/ ]df p;nfO{ ;Demfpg] / / fd|f] sfddf af6f] b]vfpg] dfG5] . s'g lbgbzf lalu|P5g\ / o:tf] cz'e va/ ;'Gg'k¥of] . ptf rf}sLdf pgnfO{ k'ln;n] a];/ L s'6]sf] 5 eGg] klg ;'g]sf] 5' .Æ

æTo} t lg, ;Hhgsf klg zq' x'G5g\ eGg] s'/ f / Tgk|;fbnfO{ rf}sLdf nu]kl5 3fdhlQs} 5n{Ë eof] .Æ

æx}g, To;/ L t lagfsf/ 0f rf}sLdf gn}hfg'kg]{ . ca

t u0ftGq cfPsf] 5 . cgfxsdf s;}n] b'Mv gkfpg'kg]{ . v}, zq' nfu]kl5 s;sf] kf] s] nfUbf] / x]5 / Û xfdLn] s]xL u/ f}+ eg] d'2f dfldnfsf] s'/ f] . To;} cl3 ;g'{ klg ePg .Æ

æx'nd'ndf lhp hf]ufpg', clgsfndf aLpm hf]ufpg' eG5g\ . gb]v]sf] / ga'em]sf] dfdnf k¥of] . ef]ln ;fIfL ;lh{ldg xf]nf . s;nfO{ bf]ifL eGg], s;nfO{ lgbf]{if eGg] . d'2fsf gf} l;ª eG5g\ . d t s]xL lbg zx/ lt/ hfg'knf{ eGg] ;f]r]sf] 5' .Æ

æv} d klg s] u/ f}+, s;f] u/ f}+ elg/ x]sf] 5' .Ææo:tf] va/ ;fFRr} xf] t < eg]/ dnfO{ laqmd]n] t

pN6} k|Zg kf] u5{ af Û ufpFel/ o:tf] ;g;gL 5 . pm eg] s] s;f] xf] eg]/ GofofwLz h:t} ;f]wvf]h u5{ . x}g cfhsfnsf] hdfgf lsg o:tf] cfPsf] xf]nf s'lGg Û ;a ;] enf r"k eGg] ;'g]sf] 5' . To;} ubf{ a]; xf]nf .Æ

/ Tgk|;fb rf}sLdf k'u]sf] va/ jNnf] kNnf] ufpF x'Fb} ;'s]sf] v/ df nfu]sf] cfuf] h:t} ;a}lt/ km}lnb} uof] .

o'jfx? hDdf eP . k'ln; rf}sL 3]g]{ / Toxf“af6 / Tgk|;fbnfO{ 5'6fP/ Nofpg] of]hgf aGof] . ufpFn]x? hDdf x'Fb} uP . ;d"xdf dfG5]sf] 8/ x/ fpFb} hfG5 . ;a}df hf]z ylkof] . b'O{ ;oeGbf a9Lsf] h'n'; lgsfNg] tof/ L eof] . a]n'sLsf] o:t} rf/ aHg yfn]sf] x'Fbf] xf], k'ln; rf}sLlt/ h'n'; ;f]lemof] . æk'ln; bdg aGb u/ . / Tgk|;fbnfO{ l/ xf u/ Æ gf/ f 3Gsb} ubf{ To;sf] :j/ n] j/ k/ ;a}nfO{ rgfvf] agfof] .

ufpFsf] l;/ fgdf c:yfoL k|x/ L rf}sL . h'n'; Tot}lt/ hfFb} lyof] . cl3–cl3 k'/ gsL >LdtL . sfvdf aRrf Rofk]sf k'/ g . To;kl5 / Tgk|;fb . of] ;a} b]v]kl5 h'n';sf dfG5]x?sf] :j/ PsfPs aGb eof] . ;a}n] d'vfd'v ug{ yfn] . / Tgk|;fb crDddf k/ ] . laxfg;Dd s]xL gePsf] ufpFdf clxn] s] eof] o:tf] < cfˆgf] l/ xfOsf] dfu kf] ub}{5g\ ufpFn]x?n] . of] s]

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u/ ]sf] c;L jif{ k"/ f x'g nfu]sf] 5 . cf7 bzskl5 ;flxTosf] ljZj dfglrqdf g]kfnsf] pkl:ylt To:tf] ;Gtf]ifhgs b]lvb}g . To;}n] t lyof]8f]/ l/ sf8L{ eG5g\, æg]kfnL ;flxTo klZrdf d'n'sdf ckl/ lrtk|fo 5Æ -!%&_ .

x'g klg ljZjsf oqfljlw ljZjljBfnox¿df ;flxTo k9fOG5, g]kfnL ;flxTosf] s[lt g]kfnL ljefuafx]ssf ljefux¿df vf;} k9fOFb}g . xfdLn] lzl/ ifsf] km"nsf] e"tsfnLg / 6fg u/ ]/ cfTd;Gt'li6 lnO/ xg' x'Fb}g . olt zf]w cg';Gwfgx¿ x'G5g\, g]kfn 5'6]s} x'G5 . ljZjel/ olt w]/ } g]kfnL cfk|jf;L / 8fo:kf]/ f 5l/ Psf 5g\ / w]/ } ;flxlTos k|of; eO/ x]sf] ;dfrf/ ;'lgG5, t/ afa{/ f :6f]n/ ldn/ -!(($_ sf] ædf:6/ js{;\ ckm Pl;og ln6/ ]r/ Og sDk]/ ]l/ e k;{k]lS6eÆdf g]kfnsf] pk]Iff ePsf] 5 . blIf0f Pl;ofnL gf/ LjfbL lrGtgaf/ ] pdf gf/ fo0fgn] !((& lgsfn]sf] l8:nf]s]l6ª sNr/ df g]kfn sxL+lg/ klg cfpFb}g . kn a|fOgn] @))# df cfw'lgs blIf0f Pl;ofnL ;flxToaf/ ]sf] cg';Gwfg s[lt k|sflzt u/ ], g]kfn 5'6\of] . hf];'jf P; df]:6f] -@))#_ n] sf]n'DaLo ljZjljBfnoaf6 k|sflzt cfw'lgs cfk"jL{ PlzofnL ;flxTosf] zf]wu|Gydf klg g]kfn 5}g . @))% df ljnf8{ l:klund]gn] n]v]sf] xfp kf]P6\; ;L b jN8{df g]kfnL k/ ]gg\ . Pl;ofsf] cGtb{]zLo ;f+:s[lts cWoog ;DaGwdf s'cg–l;ª r]g / r'cf a]ª\ x'cftsf] OG6/ Pl;of sNr/ n :68L -@))&_ df g]kfnL ;d]l6Pg . a]GhL em]ª -@))*_ n] ;Dkfbg u/ ]sf] pQ/ cd]l/ sfdf a:g] Pl;ofnL sljx¿sf] sljtf ;ª\u|xdf g]kfnsf] gfd 5}g . @)!@ df / f]hd]/ L Pd s]lGkmN8 / ]O;d]gn] k|sflzt u/ ]sf] Pl;og kf]P6\;df g]kfnL sljn] k|j]z kfPsf] b]lvFb}g . afn;flxTodf klg lk6/ xG6n] !((^ df k|sflzt u/ ]sf] ljZj afn;flxTo 1fgsf]ifdf g]kfn 5}g .

kl5Nnf s]xL jif{df g]kfnL ;flxTosf y'k|} cg'jfb uGy|x¿ klg cfPsf 5g\ / s]xL t :t/ Lo klg 5g\ . dfOsn x6sf] b lxdfnog EjfO; -!((!_ / d~h'>L yfkf / ;d|f6 pkfWofon]

cg'jfb u/ ]/ dgfcf] hg{n -@))!_ df 5fk]sf k|ltlglw g]kfnL sljtf o;sf pbfx/ 0f x'g\ . t/ / rgf cfˆg} j}rfl/ s cfotgsf] zlQmzfnL w/ ftndf gpleFbf;Dd cg'jfbsn] / rgfdf k|f0f eg{ ;Sb}g ;fob . To;}n] o:tf s]xL k|of;sf afah"b g]kfnL ;flxTo cem} ckl/ lrt g} / Xof] . s]xL / fd|f uGysf cg'jfb ;Gtf]ifhgs gx'gfn] kf7s tfg]gg\ . d'gfdbg, lz/ Lifsf] km"n / ;]tf] af3sf cª\u|]hL cg'jfb c;kmn cg'jfbsf ;kmn gd"gfx¿ x'g\ . ;flxTodf cGt/ f{li6«o:t/ d} :yflkt hg{nx¿df g]kfnL ;flxTosf s]xL ljZn]if0fx¿ cjZo kfOG5g\ . pbfx/ 0fsf nflu xjfO ljZjljBfnosf] dg]jf hg{n, km]ldlg:6 l/ Eo", Pl;og lyP6/ hg{n, a'n]l6g ckm b :s'n ckm cf]l/ PG6n P08 clk|msg :6l8h, hg{n ckm ;fpy Pl;og ln6/ ]r/ / h]:6f]/ n] ;ª\u|lxt u/ ]sf y'k|} hg{n n]vx¿ . t/ ltgLx¿ ;d:t g]kfnL ;flxTosf k|ltlglw / ljZj:t/ sf n]vx¿sf uDeL/ ljZn]if0f xf]Ogg\ . ltgLx¿n] klZrddf g]kfnL ;flxTosf] ;fdYo{nfO{ :yflkt u/ ]/ ljZjsf] Wofg tfGg ;s]gg\ . To;}n] ljZjcfsfzdf g]kfnL ;flxTo cem} ljleGg sf/ 0fx¿n] Ps 6fk' g} alg/ x]sf] s'/ f ;To xf] .

xfdLn] h:t} of egf}+ xfdLeGbf klg k5fl8 cfw'lgs o'udf k|j]z u/ ]sf cGo ;flxTox¿ klg 5g\, h;n] cfkm}+nfO{ ljZjdfglrqdf alnof] x'Fsf/ sf ;fy :yflkt ul/ ;s] . clwsf+z pQ/ cf}klgj]lzs / fi6« / t]>f] ljZjsf elgPsf / fi6«x¿ ;g\ !(%) kl5 cfw'lgstfsf] o'udf k|j]z u/ ]sf x'g\ . clk|msL ;flxTodf cfw'lgstfsf] Oltxf; rfnL; jif{sf] klg 5}g . jf:tjdf Tof] k"0f{tof pQ/ –cf}klgj]lzs ;flxTo xf] . kmf/ f h;ldg lu|lkmg eG5g\, ælat]sf tL; jif{df clk|msL d"nsf n]vsx¿af6 ;flxTosf] ljikmf]6g g} ePsf] 5 . -!^%_ .Æ gu0o ;flxTosf] af6f]af6 cfw'lgstfdf k|j]z u/ ]/ Ps ztfAbL klg gk'Ub} cfh clk|msL ;flxTo ljZj;flxTosf] Ps ljzfn lx:;]bf/ aGg k'u]sf] 5 / u'G6/ u|f;, jf]n] ;f]lo+sf, lrg'jf cr]a] / hL= Pd= sf]o6\hLh:tf lzv/ x¿ hGdfO;s]sf] 5 . tg'/ ] cf]Ohf8] eG5g\, o;sf] sf/ 0f x/ ]s clk|msL n]vsdf æs'g} g s'g} k|sf/ n] g]u|f] x'g'sf] ljlzi6 cg'ej d'vl/ t ug]{ k|j[lQ xf]Æ -$^_ . clk|msL / clk|msL–cd]l/ sL ;flxTo krf;sf] bzsdf cfw'lgstfdf k|j]z u/ ]sf] xf] . cflbjf;L x'g'sf] uf}/ jaf]w / cfˆgf] ;Eotfsf] ljsf;sf cflbd h/ fx¿sf] vf]h s]l/ laofnL cfw'lgs ;flxTosf] klg d"n sYo xf] . lnhfa]y kf/ fefl;gL u]j6{ eG5g\, æcfw'lgstfjfbsf bf}/ fg Pskl5 Ps cfPsf ljleGg ;flxlTos k|j[lQdf s]l/ laofnL ;flxTosf] ;a}eGbf dxTjk"0f{ sYo

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Nofl6g cd]l/ sL cfw'lgstf klg pQ/ cf}kj]lzs o'us} cfw'lgstf xf] . krf; jif{leq cfh Nofl6g cd]l/ sf ljZj;flxTosf] dfglrqdf Pp6f lxdfnh:tf] eP/ plePsf] 5 . kfAnf] g]?bf, efu{; Nxf];f / u]la|on dfv]{hsf] pkl:ylt Ps 8/ nfUbf] pkl:ylt xf] . g]?bf lghL oyfy{sf gjLg ufos x'g\ eg] efu{; Nxf];f / u]la|on dfv]{h cfˆgf] df}lns cEof;af6 rrf{df cfPsf x'g\, h;sf] hu Nofl6g cd]l/ sfsf] ljlzi6 hLjg cg'ej / ldyssf] hudf cfPsf] 5 . dfv]{hsf] n]vgaf/ ] h'cg Sof:6«f] eG5g\, ædfv]{hsf] hfb'jL oyfy{jfb Nofl6g cd]l/ sfsf] cfGtl/ s oyfy{ xf] .Æ

clk|msL / s]l/ laofnL ;flxToeGbf klg l9nf], cem xfdLeGbf klg bzsf}+ l9nf] cfw'lgstfdf k|j]z u/ ]sf] c/ a ;flxTo / lrlgofF ;flxTon] ;]/ ]gf OefbL, vlnn lua|fg, P8jf8{ ;]8, xf lhg / df]ofgh:tf x:tfIf/ tof/ u/ ]sf] 5 . vlnn lua|fgn] k|]dsf] JofVofdf ce"tk"j{ snfTdstf lbP eg] cGo n]vs / pgLx¿;Fu} n]vgdf cfPsf Ps ljzfn ;d"xn] cfˆg} ;+:s[lt / ;Eotfsf df}lns s'/ fx¿ u/ ] . æc/ a ;+:s[ltdf cfd ;+:s[ltsf] s]lGb|o ljlzi6tf x'G5 / o;sf] ;flxTo eg]sf] cfˆg} cfd ;+:s[ltsf ljljw :j?kk|ltsf] k|ltlqmof / ;Djfb xf] .Æ o;sf] k'li6 vflnb x';}gL / hfldn cfxdbsf cfVofg x'g\ . ln Xjf– loª\ -@)!)_ sf cg';f/ ;g\ !*!* lt/ cfw'lgs o'udf k|j]z u/ ]sf] lrlgofF ;flxTon] cfh;Dd cfpFbf l;Nsf]h:tf rdTsfl/ s 8fo:kf]/ fnfO{ hGd lbof], h;n] lrlgofF ldyssf] hudf ;flxTo n]v]/ k';sf6{ k'/ :sf/ / lhlgo; k'/ :sf/ lht] . ef/ tsf] t s] s'/ f ug'{, ljZj ;flxTodf !(!# ;fnlt/ } 6]uf}/ sf] rdTsfl/ s pbo / To;kl5 jt{dfg;Dd cfpFbf ;Ndfg ?:bL, cldtfe 3f]if, c?GwtL / f]o, clgtf b];fO, lgl;d Oh]lson / sdnf bf; ljZj;flxTosf cleGg gfd x'g k'u]sf 5g\ .

cfw'lgstfsf] Ps ztfAbLleq g]kfnL sljtfsf] cGt/ f{li6«o pkl:ylt sdhf]/ x'g' g]kfnL sfJok|]dLx¿sf nflu lrGtfsf] ljifo xf] . xfdL Pskl5 Ps jfbx¿sf cGj]tf klg eof}+ . ljleGg u'6–pku'6df klg ljeQm eof}+ . xfdLn] sfJolzNksf] Tof] pRrtd gd"gf, h;nfO{ slj d]Yo" cfgf]{N8n] 6r:6f]g eg]sf 5g\, ;fob lgdf{0f ug{ ;s]gf}+ . jf:tjdf df}lns g]kfnL 1fg, g]kfnL x'g'sf] ljlzi6 cg'ej, g]kfnL ldys, Oltxf; /

e'uf]n / g]kfnsf] cyfx ;f+:s[lts lglwdf 6]s]/ w]/ } sljx¿ cfPsf x'g\ / cfh klg cfO/ x]sf 5g\ . t/ xfd|f] km];g]an ;dfnf]rgf k4ltn] ltgLx¿sf] d"NonfO{ klxrfg u/ ]sf] kfOPg, ltgLx¿sf] uDeL/ d"Nofª\sg ePsf] kfOPg / cg'jfbsn] To:tf sfJosf] cg'jfb u/ ]sf] kfOPg .

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klqsf kl9/ x]sf] lyPF, gofF gDa/ af6 kmf]g cfof] . :j/ lrlgxfn]+– elth lzlz/ / x]5 . To;} t eses ul/ af]Ng] elthn] To; lbg emg} a9L eSesfpFb} clg cflQb} eGof], …c+sn, ;kgf OG6/ k|fOh]hsf ;fx' t lalt hfg' ef] / ] cfh}

PlS;8]G6df .Ú…s] / ] <Ú d cjfs\ ePF . xF s] x'Fb}5 of]

bfªdf < s] ug{ vf]Hb}5 of] bfª < slt~h]n ;8s b'3{6gfsf] va/ km}nfO/ xG5 xF bfªn] < cgfof; d aa{/ fPF . To; laxfg a8f] lbSbf/ L eof] dnfO{ cfˆg} 7fpFk|lt . cl:t dfq s]xL lbgsf] a;fOkl5 df3 * ut] bfªaf6 sf7df8f+} kms{]sf] lyPF . 7"nf] ysys ef] dfwa bfOnfO{ e]6\g gkfPsf]df o;k6s . To;f] t d}n] bfªdf / xFbf 3gZofd a'9fyf]sL :d[lt k|lti7fgsf] a}7s 8fs]s} lyPF . t/ ;a} h'6\g g;Sbf a}7s a:g ;s]g . x]/ gq ToxL+ axfgfdf xfd|f] e]6 x'g] / x]5 . cfh dg emg} r'sr's eO/ x]5 .

PsfPs dfwa bfOsf] d[To'sf] va/ n] d :tAw ePsf] 5' . To;}u/ L d cfZro{rlst ePsf] 5' ls lsg o;/ L 36gf 36]sf 36\o} 5g\ bfªdf < s] x]/ ]/ a;]sf 5g\ ToxfFsf lhDd]jf/ kIfx? < s] a9\bf] ;8s b'3{6gf sd ug{] bfloTj ToxfFsf / fhgLlts bn, a'l4lhjL, n]vs, kqsf/ clg cfd ;r]t gful/ ssf] xf]Og < olb xf] eg] v} s] s:tf kxn eP t To;tkm{ < olb kxn ePs} xf] eg] lsg 8/ nfUbf 36gfx? eO/ x]5g\ bfªdf < jf:tjdf d cfh;Dd oL tdfd k|Zg} k|Zgn] 3]l/ Psf] 5' .

To; laxfgsf] To; va/ ;Fu} d km]l/ d]/ f] 7'NbfO 3gZofd a'9fyf]sLsf] d/ 0fsf] b'vb If0f ;Demg ljjz ePF . dfwa bfOsf] d[To'sf] of] va/ d]/ f] ;xf]b/ 7'NbfOsf] h:tf] la:dosf/ L nfUof] dnfO{ . dg} Psbd} gld7f] eP/ cfof] . bfOsf] d[To'df h'g ;f:tL xfd|f] kl/ jf/ n] v]Kof], To:t} kL8f dfwa bfOsf] kl/ jf/ n] cfh v]Kb}5 . dnfO{ gld7f] o;/ L klg nfUb}5 ls d}n] 3gZofd bfOsf] ;Demgfdf cf:yfk'~hdf n]v]sf] lyPF ls slDtdf xfdLnfO{ gkg{' b'Mv k¥of] . hgtfsf] ;]jfdf hLjg nufpg'ePsf bfh'sf] cgfxsdf d/ 0f x'g k'Uof] . bfOsf] d/ 0f of] clGtd b'3{6gf agf];\ bfª . xfdLnfO{ h:tf] kL8f c?nfO{ gk/ f];\ . o; b'3{6gfaf6 kf7 l;Sb} slDtdf bfªdf ;a{bnLo, ;j{kIfLo 5nkmn xf];\ / b'3{6gf cGTo ug{] k|efjsf/ L ;+oGq agf];\, k|zf;gn] s8fO{sf ;fy gofF / 0fgLltsf ;fy sfd u/ f];\ . t/ d]/ f] To; lrTsf/ s;n] ;'GYof] / < To;kl5 klg y'k|} b'3{6gf ePsf] d}n] ;'lg/ x]+ . t/ s]xL lbgcl3 dfq bfªdf tL; k|ltztn] ;8s b'3{6gfdf sdL cfPsf]] ;dfrf/ k9]sf] lyPF / d cToGt}} k'nlst ePsf] klg lyPF . t/ cfh Tof] c;To ;flat ePsf] 5 . cfˆg} lhNnfsf] gfd klg ;'Gg dg gnfUg]h:tf] ePsf] 5 . dnfO{ t nfu]sf] 5 ls a9\bf] ;8s b'3{6gfs} sf/ 0f bfªn] cfˆgf] s'?k klxrfg agfpFb}5 . cfˆgf] abgfd u/ fpFb}5 .

jf:tjdf dfwa bfO;Fusf] d]/ f] lrgfhfgL cToGt gofF lyof] . vf;u/ L bfOsf] d[To'kl5 d}n] ;'g]sf] lyPF ls pxfF t bfOs} ;fyL x'g'x'Fbf]/ x]5 . bfOs} ;xkf7L . d}n] bfOsf] dnfdLsf] qmddf ;'g]sf] lyPF ls dfwj bfO d]/ f] bfOsf] d[To'df olt b'MvL x'g'eP5 ls pxfFn] …3gZofdhL h:tf] TofuL / lg:jfyL{ g]tf kfpg} ;lsGg . pxfFsf] ;Demgfdf d rf/ sf]7] ejg agfOlbG5'Ú klg eGg'ePsf] / x]5 . d]/ f] Kof/ f] bfOk|lt oltlj£g >4f ug{] dfwj bfOsf] klg d]/ } 7'NbfOs} xfntdf b'3{6gfdf d[To' ePsf] ;'Gbf dnfO{ s:tf] ePsf] xf]nf oxfFx? g} cg'dfg nfpg ;Sg'x'G5 . To; pk|fGt pxfFnfO{ e]6\g] nfn;f d]/ f] dgdf lyof] . d}n] ;f]r]y]+ ls Pp6f c;n ;fyL of egf}+ g]tfsf] ;Demgfdf 3/ } agfOlbG5' eGg] dfG5] klg rfgr'g] xf]Og . dfwj bfOdf klg slt dxfgtf / x]5 d}n] To;} avt dgg u/ ]+ . x'g t ;kgf OG6/ k|fOh]h slxn]sfxL+ 3f]/ fxLdf lx8\bf d}n] b]v]s} lyPF . 3f]/ fxLsf wgL Jofkf/ L x'g'x'G5 / ]

eGg] ;'g]s} lyPF . t/ pxfF Jofkf/ L dfq geO{ ;xof]uL, ldng;f/ JolQmTj x'g'xF'bf]/ x]5 eGg] kl5 dfq yfxf kfPF . ;doqmddf 3gZofd a'9fyf]sL :d[lt k|lti7fg btf{ ul/ of] . To; qmddf z'?d} pxfFnfO{ klg sfo{;ldltdf / fVg] s'/ f ePsf] lyof] . t/ yf]/ } ;b:o agfpg'kg{] ePsfn] kl5 yk ug{] ;xdlt ePsf] lyof] . geGb} kl5 kGw| ;b:oLo agfpFbf pxfFnfO{ klg kmf]g

ul/ af]nfcf}+ . pxfF klg t'?Gt} cfpg'eof] . xf], To;}a]nf xf] d}n] pxfFnfO{ klxnf] k6s b]v]sf] . ldn]sf] z/ L/ , zfnLg JolQmTj, d[b'efifL dfwj bfO a8f] ldhfl;nf] nfUof] . a? d w]/ } af]n]+ xf]nf . c? klg kSs} af]Ng'eof] To; If0f t/ pxfFn] ;dy{g ug{'eof] a;\ s'g} xfgyfk ug{' ePg . ts{ s'ts{ u/ ]/ 7"nf] aGg] r]i6f pxfFn] ug{'ePg . pxfFsf] ;/ nkgn] dnfO{ lgs} k|efj kf¥of] . 3f]/ fxLsf] wgLdfgL Jofkf/ L eP/ klg 3d08 sxL+ st} b]lvPg . To;sf] s]xL lbgkl5 d sf7df8f}+ kmls{g'cl3 pxfFs} k;ndf k'u]/ pxfF;Fu enfs';f/ L ul/ kms{]sf] lyPF . To;a]nf klg pxfFn] d]/ f] s'/ f a8f] Wofgk"j{s ;'Gg'eof] . s'g} s'/ fdf klg x'Fb}g eGg'ePg . bfOsf] ;+:yfaf6 ;fdflhs sfo{ ug{] cfˆgf] p2]Zo d}n] ;'gfPy]+ . pxfFn] cfkm" ;xof]u ug{ tof/ / x]sf] s'/ f ;'gfpg'eof] . olt ;lhnf dfwj bfOsf] klg b'3{6gfdf d[To' ePsf] d cem} kTofpg ;ls/ x]sf] 5}g . km];a's k]hel/ bfªsf kqsf/ ;fyLx?n] / fVg'ePsf] pxfFsf] zfnLg kmf]6f] d k6s–k6s x]l/ / x]sf] 5' . Ps}l5gdf 6'l6hfg] of] hLjgnLnf a'lemg;Sg' ePsf] 5 . dfG5] d5{, dl/ hfg] rf]nf xf] eGg t slt ;lhnf] 5 t/ cfˆgf] glhssf] dfG5], cfˆgf] cleefjssf] d[To' x'Fbf ;xg slt ufx|f] x'G5 < Tof] t k/ ]kl5 dfq yfxf x'Fbf]/ x]5 . cfh dfwj bfOsf] kl/ jf/ nfO{ k/ ]sf] b'Mv d ;xh} dx;'; ug{ ;S5' lsgls d klg To:t} ulx/ f] kL8fsf] ;fIfL al;;s]sf] 5' .

d]/ f] 7"NbfOsf ;xkf7L, ;kmn Joj;foL ldng;f/ JolQmTj, xfd|f] k|lti7fgsf sfo{sf/ L ;b:o cfb/ 0fLo bfh' dfwj bfO tkfO{+ ;w}+ xfd|f] kl/ jf/ sf] ;b:oh:t} lk|o / xg'x'g]5 . cfb/ 0fLo x'g'x'g]5 . tkfO{+ ;w}+ xfd|f] ;Demgfdf afFlr/ xg'' x'g]5 . zf]sdf / xg'ePsf ;a} kl/ jf/ hgdf w}o{wf/ 0f ug{] zlQm k|fKt xf];\ . cn labf dfwj bfO Ûw

bcsurya@hotmail.com

;"o{ aL;L…v} v} d klg x]5'{, km];a's .Ú >LdtLn] Nofk6ksf]

:qmLgdf emlD6g cfOg\ . d :jo+ klg Tolt kl/ lrt lyOgF Tof] km];a's eGg] k|ljlw;Fu . 5f]/ fsf] ;xfotfn] Pp6f km];a's PsfpG6;Dd vf]Ng ;s]sf] lyPF . k|ljlw;Fu cfkm'nfO{ klg kl/ jt{g ug{ ;lsgF eg] d cfˆgf dfG5]x?sf] nfddf ;a}eGbf k5fl8 x'g] kSsfkSsL lyof] . b'O{ jif{ klxn] 5f]/ fn] Ps yfg Nofk6k pkxf/ kfof] p;}sf] lbbLaf6 . OG6/ g]6sf] ;'ljwf lng g;Sbf ToxL+ efF8f] klg 9'+ufsf] b]ptfh:tf] eof], x/ ]s lbg laxfg p7\g]lalQs} 9f]Ug dg nfUg] . aNn–tNn Pp6f OG6/ g]6 rnfpg ldNg] sndsf] laqmf]h:tf] cf}hf/ sf] hf]xf] u/ ]sf] lyPF . 5f]/ fsf] clt g} lbnr:kL lyof] Tof] sDKo'6/ ;Fu . p;}sf] ;xfotfn] Pp6f kmf/ d e/ ]+, gful/ stfsf] k|df0fkq lngnfO{ kmf/ d e/ ]h:tf] . d]/ f] Ps yfg kmf]6f] klg 6fFl;of] ToxL Nofk6ksf] :qmLgd} . >LdtL d eGbf cem k5fl8 lyOg\ of] dfdnfdf . pgnfO{ of] efF8f]eGbf a? Ps lsnf] lk+8fn' pkxf/ kfPsf] eP Psb'O{ 5fs ltpg tsf{/ L 6fg{ ;lhnf] x'Fbf] xf] . t/ cfh Vj} lsg xf], pgn] klg lgs} rfvnfUbf] tl/ sfn] d]/ } 5]pFdf cfP/ 6fFl;P/ al;g\ OG6/ g]6 rnfPsf] x]g{nfO{ .

…kv g kv Û d vf]Nb}5', Psl5g ;do nfU5 .Ú…s]–s] x'G5 of] km];a'sdf <Ú pgn] rfv dfg]/

;f]lwg\ . …w]/ } k'/ fgf ;fyLefO{, lab]z uPsf Oi6ldq, :jb]zd}

klg 6f9f–6f9f a;]sf lr/ kl/ lrt ;a};Fu Ps}rf]6L e]6 x'g] ;femf rf}tf/ L xf] of] a'‰of} <Ú d}n] cfkm'n] a'em]sf] hlt ;f]em} tl/ sfn] hjfkm lbPF . d]/ f] hjfkm;Fu} km];a'ssf leQfx? klg l6lnSs 6lNsP .

…cf]xf]=== of] t xfd|f] 5f]/ f xf]Og / eGof < slxn] kmf]6f] / fVg EofP5 o;n] <Ú 5f]/ fsf] kmf]6f] Nofk6ksf] :qmLgdf b]v]kl5 crDd;Fu km'ls{Og\ >LdtL . pgn] c? s;sf]–s;sf] kmf]6f] cfpF5 Tof] klg x]g{ ;+s]t ul/ g\ . d}n] v'§f k;f/ ]/ sfvdf / fv]sf] Nofk6knfO{ l3;fb}{ pgn] cfˆgf] sfvdf / fVg vf]lhg\ . pgdf Ps lsl;dsf] pT;'stf knfP/ cfof] . cfˆgf Ps hf]8L v'§fx?nfO{ d}n] k;f/ ]sf] h:t} k;fg{ vf]lhg\ . s'tf{ cln dfly ;ls{P5 Sof/ ], 3'F8feGbf yf]/ } dfly ;'?jfndf kmf6]sf Kjfnx? b]lvP . To;} t Tof] e}+;Ln] rkfP/ y's]sf] h:tf] e};s]sf] lyof] . To;df klg d';fn] vfPsf]h:tf] Kjfnx? b]lvof] .

…ltd|f] t ;'?jfn kmf6]5 lg < wGo Û plePsf] a]nf s'tf{n] 5f]Kbf] / }Ú5 .Ú d]/ f] d'vaf6 KjfSs lgl:sxfNof] .

…P aNn b]Vg'eof] < lax] ePsf] ;q jif{ k"/ f x'Fbf;Dd dnfO{ slt hf]/ sk8f lslglbg'ePsf] 5 < ofb 5 s'g} lbg dnfO{ nQf sk8f NofOlbPsf] <Ú

pgsf] d'vaf6 Ps x'n k|Zgsf ltvf sfF8fx? d]/ f] sfgsf] Kjfnleqsf] af6f] x'Fb} 5ftL;Dd ofqf ug{ k'u] . d]/ f] 5ftL ef/ L eP/ cfof] . pgsf] cg'xf/ df x]g{ ;lsgF . 3f]K6f] d'G6f] nufP/ km]l/ Psk6s xfd|f] ljjfx ePsf] jif{ ;lDemPF . ;q jif{ klxn] cf7 bz yfg ;f8L ;'6s]zleq xfn]/ hGtL k5fl8 nufpFb} pgnfO{ lng uPsf lbgx? :d/ 0f x'g yfn] . To;kl5sf jif{x?df pgn] slt cf]/ fk/ L km]l/ g\, yfx} ePg .

…g l/ ;fp g Û km];a's x]g]{ a]nf otf :qmLglt/ Wofg lbg'k5{ .Ú d}n] pgsf] Wofg lvRg vf]h]+ / pgsf] sfvaf6 Nofk6k 6Kk l6k]/ km]l/ d]/ } sfvdf / fVb} eg]+ . rf]/ cf}+nfn] la:tf/ } Nofk6ksf] cfFug a9fb}{ uof] . lr/ kl/ lrt dfG5]sf t:aL/ / To;sf] d'lg b'O{÷rf/ j6f jfSox? s'g} c+u|]hLdf, s'g} g]kfnLdf, s'g} / f]dgdf b]lvg yfn] .

…oL x]/ t olt / fd|f kmf]6f]x? Û ca xfdLn] kmf]6f] / fVg] PNad lslg/ fVg kb}{g . ;a} o;}df c6fpF5g\ .Ú

…;'?jfnsf] k|;+un] cFWof/ f] ePsf] pgsf] cg'xf/ df yf]/ } / f]zgL ylkg yfNof] . pgsf cfFvfx? k'gM Nofk6ksf] :qmLgdf s]lGb|t x'g nfu] .

…of] s;sf] kmf]6f] xf] <Ú pgn] Pp6f ;'Gb/ s]6Lsf] pQfpnf] kmf]6f]lt/ ;+s]t ub}{ ;f]lwg\ .

…s] yfxf < d}n] klg sxfF lrg]sf] 5' / ;a}nfO{ . cfkm'n] lrg] hltsf] dfq x]/ ] k'luxfN5 lg . glrg]sf dfG5]sf] t:jL/ df rf;f] gb]pg t .Ú

d]/ f] hjfkm pgnfO{ lrQ a'em]g . :jf:gLdfG5]x? a9L g} z+sfn' x'G5g\ eGy], ;fFRr} eGbf xf] / }Ú5 . pgn] cfjZostfeGbf a9L vf]tNg yflng\ Tof] pQfpnf] t:jL/ sf] af/ ]df .

…dnfO{ o;sf] hjfkm rflxG5 . xfd|f] Nofk6kdf c? glrg]sf pQfpnf s]6Lsf kmf]6f]x? lsg 6fF:g] < x6fOxfNg';\ t Û RofltxfNg';\ g of] kmf]6f]nfO{ .Ú

pgL t emg\ k8\lsg kf] yflng\ . Tof] km];a's eGg] efF8f] g} To:t} . rflxg] grflxg] ;a} Ps} 7fpF .

…of] ;fdflhs ;~hfn xf] . o;df h;n] t:jL/ x? / fVof] To;}n] dfq x6fpg ;S5 . of] t sfuhsf] kmf]6f]h:tf] xf]Og lg . a'lemgf} ltdLn]<Ú d}n] a'emfpg sf]l;; ub}{ eg]+ .

…P o:tf] klg ;fdflhs ;~hfn < s] 5 o;df To:tf] ;fdflhs s'/ f < of] s]6Ln] o:tf] kmf]6f] 6fF;]/ klg ;fdflhs sfd u5]{ < e}uf] d x]b}{g o:tf km];a's ;];a's .Ú

>LdtLsf] l/ ;sf] kf/ f] yf]/ } dflylt/ psfnf] nfUof] . RofFl7P/ h'?Ss pl7g\ . d}n] ;Demfpg vf]Hb} eg]+, …;a} dfG5] g/ fd|f x'Fb}gg\ . ;a} dfG5] / fd|f klg x'Fb}gg\ . ;+;f/ sf ;a} cflj:sf/ x? dfgj hLjgnfO{ kmnbfoL 5g\ dfq ;xL ;b'kof]u u¥of] eg] . ;b'kof]u ug]{ tl/ sf / x]g]{ b[li6sf]0f dfq ;xL eof] eg] ;a} s'/ f ;xh x'G5 . ltdL l/ ;fpFb}df g of] km];a's aGb x'G5 g dfG5]n] km];a's rnfpg 5f]8\nfg\ .Ú

d}n] km];a'ssf kfgfx?nfO{ kN6fpFb} uPF . ;fyLefO{, Oi6ldqx?n] / +ufPsf km];a'ssf leQfx? s]nfpFb} uPF .

…nf} x]/ g, ;fyL t sf]l/ of k'u]5 . s:tf] g;'xfPsf] sf]l/ og;Fu kmf]6f] lvr]sf] . sf]l/ ogx? ;nSs k/ ]sf] lhp8fndf plePsf 5g\, Tof] g]kfnL ;fyL eg] EofQ e'F8L aflx/ lgsfn]/ sf]l/ ogsf] s'ddf c8]; kf] nfu]5 .Ú d}n] >LdtLnfO{ ;'gfpFb} eg] .

…v} s'g ;fyL xf] <Ú pgn] km]l/ Psk6s rf;f] / fv]/ Nofk6ksf] :qmLgdf x]g{ cfOg\ . d}n] klg ;fyLx?n] ljb]z 3'd]sf / dfOnf 7fpFx?sf] cjnf]sg u/ fPF .

…cln tn emfg'{;\ t Tof] t lrg]sf] h:tf] nfU5 .Ú pgsf] rfv cem a9\b} uof] .

…oL x]/ oxfF ;a} xfd|} dfG5]x? 5g\ . ;a} xfd|f Oi6ldq, r]nLa]6L, elthfelthL . slt ;'Gb/ 7fpFdf ;o/ ub}{5g\ .Ú

…nf} g logLx?n] klg To:tf sk8f nufPsf kmf]6f] / fv]5g\ < x}g logLx?n] cfkm} / fv]sf x'g\ ls em'lSsP/ cfP logL kmf]6f]x? < g]kfndf x'Fbf t o:tf] sk8f nufPsf] slxn} b]lvgF lg d}n] <Ú

>LdtLn] lha|f] 6f]Sb} cfZro{ JoQm ul/ g\ . d}n] pgsf] u'gf;f]nfO{ arfp ub}{ eg], …ltdLn] Pp6f pvfg ;'g]sL 5}gf} < …b]z cg';f/ sf] e]if, b]ptf cg';f/ sf] k"hfÚ eg]sf] oxL xf] . Tof] 7fpFdf uP/ klg s's'{Rrf 5f]Kg] wf]tL nufP/ ;Ksf]n] 6fpsf] 9fSg'k5{ / <Ú

d]/ f] hjfkmdf pgL Tolt ;xdt ePh:tf] nfu]g . pgn] km]l/ k|ltlqmof JoQm ul/ g\, …x}g cfˆgf dfGohg / Oi6ldqx?n] klg of] kmf]6f] b]Vg ;S5g\ eGg] yfxf ePkl5 olt 5f]6f xfk kfOG6 / zl/ / sf] 5fnfeGbf sl;nf 6fO6 sk8fdf 7fFl6Psf kmf]6f]x? k|bz{g ug'{k5{ t <Ú s] b]z 5f]8\of] eGb}df xfd|f] ;+:sf/ 5f]8\g}k5{ t < s] Tof] d'n'sdf k"/ f z/ L/ 9fSg] sk8f kfOb}g / < Vj} t ToxL d'n'ssf wgLdfgL, 7"nfa8f, dGqL, / fi6«klth:tf dfG5]sf >LdtLx?n] t / fd|} ;Eo sk8f nufPsf kmf]6f]x? 6]lnlehgdf b]Vg kfOG5 t .Ú

pgn] cfbz{sf b'O{rf/ zAb eGb} uOg\ . d}n] g;'g]sf] h:tf] ub}{ uPF . ;a}sf] cf–cfˆg} laZn]if0f xf] . pgL Tof] 7fpFdf k'u]sf] eP s] uly{g\ xf]nf, Tof] pg}n] hfg"g\ . dnfO{ pgsf] u'gf;f]sf] hjfkm lbg dg nfu]sf] lyof] . cflv/ d}n] Pshf]8L gofF sk8f lsg]/ lbg g;Sbf pgn] kmf6]sf] ;'?jfn nfpg k/ ]sf] 5 . kmf6]/ Kjfn k/ ]sf]

;'?jfn nufpg' klg t Tolt zf]egLo lyPg . t/ s] ug]{ d Pp6fsf] 5f]]6f] sdfO To;df klg rf/ hgfsf] kl/ jf/ kfNg'kg]{ . aRrfx?sf] k9fO Tof] klg b]vfl;sL ul/ af]l8{ªd} k9]sf 5g\ . cfˆgf] 3/ eGg' 5}g . ;w}+ csf{sf] 3/ df axfndf a:g'kg]{ . o:tf] rfnfn] t pgsf] ;'?jfnn] klg s;/ L kfnf] kfpnf / v} < dgdg} lg/ fsf/ eujfg;Fu k|fy{gf u/ ]+, d]/ L >LdtLsf] a:qx?df yk Kjfn gkfl/ b]pm Û

…tkfO{+n] t s]xL hjfkm lbg'ePg lg <Ú d]/ f] df}gtf eª\u ub}{ ;f]lwg\ .

Pp6f hjfkm lbg}kg]{ lyof] lbPF, …k"/ } z/ L/ 9fSg] sk8f nufpFbf w]/ } dx+uf] kg]{ eP/ x'g ;S5 . k};f sdfpg w]/ } ufx|f] 5 eGg] ;'G5', lar/ fx?nfO{ Ps 5fs vfg klg wf}–wf} xf]nf, s;/ L nufpmg\ t zl/ / el/ sf] n'uf . km]l/ clnslt nfh 5f]Kg] t xf], Tof] t 5f]lkPs} 5 lg .Ú

pgnfO{ cem} lrQ a'em]g Sof/ ] km]l/ e'ge'gfpg nflug\, …cflv/ d klg t gja'xf/ L lyPF s'g} a]nf, d}n] s's'{Rrf 9fSg] u/ L nufÚsf] ;'?jfn / 3'F8fd'lg;Dd cfpg] s'tf{ nufpFbf klg 3/ df lgs} 6Lsfl6Kk0fL rn]sf] lyof], wf]tL gnufPsf]df . cflv/ dfGohg eg]sf] t ;w}+el/ nfO{ dfGo g} x'G5 t . tkfO{+h:tf dfGohgx?n] of] e]ife'iffsf a'xf/ Lx? b]Vg'x'g] / x]5 t lsg d]/ f] dfq TolQ v]bf] vGg k/ ]sf] lyof] .Ú

;don] slt sf]N6f] km]l/ ;Sof] t/ pgn] cfˆgf] Oltxf;nfO{ jt{dfgsf] yfndf kl:sg ;'? ul/ g\ . jf:tjdf pgsf] lrQ b'v]sf] xf]nf . pgsf] Tof] ljutsf] 3fpnfO{ sf]6\ofpg' Tolt plrt t lyPg . t/ pgsf] u'gf;f]leq n's]sf s]xL uxg kIfx? klg 5g\, h;n] xfd|f] h:tf] kl/ jf/ nfO{ a9L g} ;+j]bgzLn agfpF5g\ . jf:tljstf ;a} 5n{ª\u g} 5 . k};f sdfpg ;Sof] eg] ;a} s'/ f hfoh x'G5 . s/ f]8kltsL >LdtLn] nufPsf] lkQn klg ;'g sxlnG5, 5f]6f] a:q klg ;Eo sxnfpF5, >Ldfg\nfO{ r'Dag u/ ]sf kmf]6f]x? ;fj{hlgs u/ ] klg ltgn] k|]d / :g]x JoQm u/ ]sf] sxnfpF5 . emg ljb]zsf] a;fO{ eg]kl5 t w]/ } s'/ fdf 5'6 x'Fbf] xf] . cfˆgf] wd{ ;+:s[lt / dfgdof{bf kfng ug]{ / hu]8f ug]{ 7]Ssf t xfdL :jb]zdf a;]sf ;Lldt cfDbfgLn] u'hf/ f ug]{x?n] dfq lnPsf 5f}+ . === o:t}–o:t} s'/ fx? dgleq d8fl/ g yfn] / d klg a9L g} efj's ePF .

>LdtLn] d]/ f] ufDeLo{tfnfO{ km]l/ klg eª\u ul/ g\, …d}n] Pp6f s'/ f a'em]+ cfh, dfG5]sf] afgLJoxf]/ f,dgdl:tis, ljj]szLntf, ;Eotf, ;+:s[lt ;a} s'/ fx? kl/ jt{gzLn / x]5g\, Tof] klg p;n] sdfPsf] wg;DklQ / bf}ntsf] cg'kftdf .Ú

aNn >LdtLn] s'/ fsf] r'/ f] ks8\g yflng\ . pgn] s'/ f a'‰g] ;+s]t kfPkl5 d}n] klg plrt df}sfsf] kmfObf lnb} Ps÷b'Oj6f s'/ f JoQm ul/ xfn], …aNn ltdLn] s'/ f a'em\of} lg . cab]lv of] km];a'ssf] kmf]6f]df s;n] s:tf] sk8f nufof] cyjf s;n] slt;Dd cª\u k|bz{g ub}{ lx8\of] eg]/ c?sf] w]/ } lrGtf gu/ . s] eGg ;lsG5 / ef]lnsf lbgdf, ltd|f] s'tf{ klg kmf6\of] eg] s]n] 5f]K5 / ;'?jfnsf] kmf6]sf] Kjfn < cflv/ d]/ f] cfDbfgL / xfd|f] x}l;ot ltdLnfO{ yfx} 5 . ev{/ k9\b} u/ ]sf 5f]/ fx? slxn] sdfpg] x'g] x'g\ < km]l/ pgLx? sdfpg] ePkl5 lax] u/ ]/ cd]l/ sflt/ } uP eg] t of] km];a'ssf] leQfdf ltd|} 5f]/ f a'xf/ L e]l6g ;S5g\ o;}u/ L h;f]ul/ cfh ltdLn] c?nfO{ e]6fPsL 5f} .Ú

d}n] olt elg/ xFbf d]/ f cfFvf Nofk6ksf] :qmLgd} lyP . >LdtLn] d]/ f] s'ddf cfˆgf] 6fpsf] c8fP/ a;]sL lyOg\ . d}n] km];a's / +ud~rsf kIfx?nfO{ ljZn]if0f ub}{ u/ ]sf] pgn] r'krfk ;'lg/ fv]sL lyOg\ . PsfPs pgn] cfˆgf] 6fpsf] p7fOg . d}n] la:tf/ } d]/ f cfFvfx?nfO{ Nofk6ksf] :qmLgaf6 p7fP/ pgsf] cg'xf/ df x]/ ]+ . pgsf cfFvfsf k/ ]nLaf6 b'O{ yf]kf cfF;' 5rlNsP/ ufnfsf] dWo efu;Dd cfOk'u]5g\ . cf]+7x? y/ {/ { sfFlk/ x]sf lyP . pgsf xftx?n] s'tf{sf] k'R5/ df ;dfP/ ;'?jfnsf Kjfnx? 5f]Kb} lyP .w

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kof{ cyf{t\ k|fs[lts ko{6g ug{sf nflu lgs} pQd dflgg] ;'g5x/ L em/ gf cem} cf]em]ndf k/ ]sf] 5 . / f]Nkfsf] :o"/ L uflj;df kg{] em/ gf ! ;o @% ld6/ a9L cUnf] 5 . ;DejtM / fKtLs}

;a}eGbf cUnf] em/ gfsf] ?kdf lrlgg] ;'g5x/ L lgs} dgdf]xs 5, kof{–ko{6g ug{ rfxg] ko{6ssf nflu ;'g5x/ L em/ gf plrt uGtJo xf] . ko{6sLo gu/ ;'lnrf}/ b]lv !* lsnf]ld6/ sRrL ;8s kf/ u/ ] ;'g5x/ LnfO{ cjnf]sg ug{ ;lsG5 .

/ f]Nkfsf ko{6sLo uGtJox?df pTs[i6 cfsif{0fsf] s]Gb| ;'g5x/ Lsf] k|j4{gfTds sfd eg] x'g ;s]sf 5}gg\ . / f]Nkfsf] ;f+:s[lts tyf o'4 ko{6g ug{] rfxg] ko{6sn] u'l/ Nnf ?6sf] ofqf to ubf{ klg cjnf]sg ug{ ;S5g\ ;'g5x/ LnfO{ . k|fs[lts tyf wfld{s ljZjf;sf cfwf/ df klg ;'g5x/ L lgs} dxTjsf] em/ gf xf] . em/ gf v:g] :yfgdf ;'gsf] vfgL / x]sf] bfjL ul/ Psf] 5 . hxfFaf6 rf]Ol6P/ n'+u|Ldf ;'g kfOPsf] :yfgLox? atfFp5g\ . sGrg hn clg s8f r6\6fgdf 7f]lSsb} ;'g5x/ L n'+u|L cyjf ;'j{0fjlt gbLdf v:g] ub{5 .

bfªsf] efn'afªb]lv &* lsnf]ld6/ ;8s b'/ L kf/ u/ ]kl5 ko{6sLo gu/ ;'lnrf}/ k'Ug ;lsG5 . ;'lnrf}/ b]lv !* lsnf]ld6/ sRrL ;8ssf] ofqfkl5 ;'g5x/ Lsf] 5ª5ªsf] b[Zo lwt} dg{] ul/

cjnf]sg ug{ ;lsG5 . oBlk ;'g5x/ Lsf] ko{6gsf nflu vf;} kxn geP klg kof{–ko{6gsf] nflu plrt uGtJo ePsf]df s'g} b'Odt 5}g . ! ;o @% ld6/ prfOaf6 em/ gf emg{]sf] clGtd :yfgdf ;'g ePsf] hgljZjf;sf cfwf/ df o; em/ gfsf] gfpF ;'g5x/ L / xg uPsf] :yfgLo atfpF5g\ .

/ f]Nkf ;b/ d'sfd lnafªb]lv @$ sf]if k"j{df kg{] :o"/ L uflj;df hghflt / blntx?sf] afx'Notf 5 . / f]Nkfsf] ;a}eGbf ;fgf] uflj; :o"/ Lsf] @ xhf/ k'u gk'u hg;+Vof / x]sf] tYof+s 5 . du/ ;+:s[ltn] ;DkGg :o"/ Ldf 3/ af; sfo{qmd ;~rfng ug{] / ;'g5x/ Lsf] ko{6g dxTjnfO{ k|j4{g ug{ ;s] o; If]qsf] ljsf; x'g] hfgsf/ x? atfpF5g\ .

ko{6sLo lx;fan] dfq ;'g5x/ L cfsif{0f s]Gb| 5}g, ef}ule{s lx;fan] klg ;'gsf] vfgL ePsf] cg'dfg ul/ Psf] 5 . oBlk ToxfF ;'gsf] vfgLsf] / x]sf] 7f]; cg';Gwfg aflx/ cfO;s]sf] 5}g . cg';Gwfgsf nflu kxnx? eO/ x]sf 5g\ .

em/ gfsf] d'xfg dfgj a:tLeGbf 6f9f / x]sf]n] k"0f{?kdf sGrg ;kmf / ;f}Gbo{ 5 . cfGtl/ s ko{6ssf nflu plrt uGtJo dflgg] ;'g5x/ Lsf] ljb]zL ko{6sn] klg cjnf]sg ug{] ub{5g\ . ;'lnrf}/ blv kf]afª km'lnjg x'Fb} yafª k'Ug] hf] sf]xL ko{6ssf] gh/ df ;'g5x/ L 7f]lSsg] ub{5 . clkt' / f]Nkf cfudg ug{] ko{6ssf] cWofjlw ug{] s'g} lgsfo 5}g . ptf lghL If]q klg cndnsf] cj:yfdf 5 eg] ;/ sf/ L lgsfox?nfO{ klg ufpF ko{6gsf] ultnf] cfwf/ ;'g5x/ Lsf] ljsf;sf nflu rf;f] lbg] km";{b ldn]sf] 5}g .

:yfgLo txdf ;'g5x/ Lsf] ljsf; tyf k|j4{g ug{ lhNnf ljsf; ;ldltn] s]xL sfo{qmd lgdf{0f u/ ]s]f 5 . oBlk :yfgLodf hfu/ 0f x'g g;Sbf / clt ljkGg :o"/ L uflj;df kg{] x'Fbf ;'g5x/ Lsf] ahf/ Ls/ 0f x'g g;s]sf] xf] . lhNnf ko{6g ;dGjo ;ldltn] lhNnfsf ko{6sLo uGtJox?sf] Kofs]h lgdf{0f u/ ]df ;'g5x/ L nufotsf If]qsf] cjnf]sg, cWoog / cg';Gwfg ug{ cfGtl/ s tyf afXo ko{6snfO{ ;xh x'g] ko{6g;Fu ;/ f]sf/ / fVg]x?sf] wf/ 0ff 5 .

/ f]Nkfsf] ko{6g k|j4{g ug{ ?6 lgwf{/ 0fsf nflu 6fg g]kfnn] kxn yfn] klg clxn] ;':tfPsf] gful/ s cu'jf cd[t lh;Ln] atfP . 6fgn] ;j{] ubf{ ;'g5x/ L x'Fb} laafª bx;Ddsf] ?6 agfP klg lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt ko{6g dGqfnox?n] jf:tf ug{ 5f]8]kl5 ;'g5x/ L cf]em]ndf k/ ]sf] lh;Lsf] k|ltlqmof 5 . cg'dflgt c9fO ld6/ prfO eP klg cflwsfl/ stf gcfPsf] pgn] atfP . lh;Ln] eg], …cg';Gwfg ePsf] 5}g, afn'jf rfNbf ;'g e]l6g] u/ ]sf] 5 t/ ;/ f]sf/ jfnfnfO{ rf;f] slxNo} ePg .Ú

ptf lhlj;n] sfo{qmd agfP klg ah]6 cefjdf sfd ug{ g;lsPsf] lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt / f]Nkfsf ko{6g kmf]snk;{g bLk]Gb| l8;Ln] atfP . oBlk k|of;x? eO/ x]sf 5g\, To;}df klg :yfgLox?sf] ;lqmotf gx'gfn] klg bafa kg{ g;s]sf]n] ;'g5x/ L cf]em]nd} k/ ]sf] l8;Ln] atfP . lhlj;sf] tkm{af6 ;'g5x/ Lsf] cWoogsf nflu ko{6g dGqfnodf k7fOPsf] t/ kxF'rsf] cefjdf vf;} rf;f] gb]vfOPsf] l8;Lsf] egfO{ 5 .

lhlj;n] lhNnf ko{6sLo If]qsf] k|j4{g ug{ cNksfnLg tyf bL3{sfnLg of]hgf tyf sfo{qmdx? ;fj{hlgs u/ ]sf] 5 . bLuf] ko{6gnfO{ ljsf; ub{} :yfgLosf] ;xeflutfdf ufpF ko{6gnfO{ k|j4{g ug]{ elgP klg sfo{qmdsf nIox? k"/ f ug{ g;lsPsf] lhlj; / f]Nkfn] :jLsf/ u/ ]sf] 5 . ko{6gsf] lhDdf kfPsf] lgsfo ko{6g dGqfnon] ;'g5x/ Lh:tf kof{–ko{6gsf] ;Defjgfsf] ;+/ If0f / k|j4{g ug{ Wofg lbg g;s]sf] ko{6g;Fu rf;f] / fVg]x?sf] k|ltlqmof 5 . h;sf sf/ 0f ;'g5x/ Lh:tf dxTjsf uGtJox? cem} cf]em]ndf k/ ]sf] pgLx?sf] bfjL 5 .w

km'r'+u|L M xfd|f a}Bafn] t o:;f] s]xL ;do aflx/km]/ 8'n3'd u/]/ km]l/ k|r08 c+sn;Fu} Pstf ug]{ lg0f{o ug'{eP5 . kmls{g' g} lyof] eg] a"9fn] kf6L{ kf] lsg km'6fPsf xf]nfg\ xF <

sfsf M t]/f a}BafnfO{ cnu r'nf] agfPkl5 cln w]/} vfg kfOG5 ls eGg] nfUof] xf]nf . lar/f a"9fnfO{ g]qlaqmd rGb …ljKnjÚn] klg vfN8f]df xfn]/ cfkm" km'lTsxfn] . To} eP/ a"9fsf] a'l4sf] 3}+6f]df 3fd nfUof] xf]nf lg .

km'r'+u|L M xf] t x} < ;fFRrL xfd|f ljKnj c+snn] t cfh} xf] ls ef]ln qmflGt ug]{ kf] eGb} x'g'x'GYof] t . UofF;sf] l;ln08/ ljt/0f u/]kl5 r"krfk kf] a:g' ef] t x} <

sfsf M v} < t]/f ljKnj c+snn] klg cln–cln 5fF6sfF6 lgsfNg yfn]sf lyP Sof/] km'RrL . clxn] t r"krfk a;]sf 5g\ Sof/] . tof/L kf] ub}{5g\ ls Û s] yfxf x} <

km'r'+u|L M bfªdf klg cj}w?kdf 9'+ufhGo j:t' pTvgg ug]{ :sfe]6/ / l6Kk/nfO{ sf/afxL x'g yfn]5 sfsf . ca rflx+ s]xL x'G5 ls Sof xf] <

sfsf M s]xL ePsf] h:tf] x'G5 km'RrL clg km]l/ So} klg x'Gg . t}klg /fd|f] sfdnfO{ t /fd|f] eGg}k¥of] . h]xf];\ /fd|f] xf];\ . ls s;f] <

km'r'+u|L M clg xfd|f] ptf ;+ljwfg;ef bf]xf]/L;fFemlt/ s] rln/x]sf] 5 s'lGg < cfhef]ln s'g–s'g snfsf/x?sf] bf]xf]/L rln/x]sf] 5 s'lGg < o:;f] eGg';\ g sfsf .

sfsf M pkm ÛÛÛ s]–s] ;f]W5] of] km'r'+u|L klg <<<ÛÛÛ

;DejtM / fKtLs} ;a}eGbf cUnf] em/ gfsf] ?kdf lrlgg] ;'g5x/ L kof{–ko{6g ug{ rfxg] ko{6ssf nflu plrt uGtJo xf] .

kl5Nnf] ;do ;+uLtsf/ sf] nf]slk|o 5lj agfPsf ;"bg yfkf snfsf ;a} lawfdf plQs} kf/ +ut 5g\ . pgn] k|foM ;a} ljwfdf cfˆgf] ljlzi6 l;h{gf ;fdYo{ ;flat ul/ ;s]sf 5g\ / cfˆgf] kl/ ro lgs} km/ flsnf] cf} cUnf] agfPsf 5g\ . gfos, lgb]{zs, uLtsf/ / ;+uLtsf/ sf] ?kdf pgL / fKtLdf :yflkt 5g\ .

/ fKtLsf Ps ljlzi6 Pj+ ax'k|ltef x'g\ pgL .

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g]kfnL rnlrq If]qdf gfdL syfsf/ tyf n]vs k|bLk ef/ åfhn] lgdf{0f ug{ yfn]sf] rnlrq ærn]5 atf; ;':t/ LÆ sf] z'ed'x"t{ ul/ Psf] 5 . / fhwfgLsf] sdnfbLl:yt u0f]z dlGb/ df ljlwjt\ ?kdf o;sf] z'ed'x"t{ ul/ Psf] xf] .

c?0f lkmNd;\ k|f]8S;gsf] Aofg/ df lgd{f0f x'g nfu]sf] ærn]5 atf; ;':t/ LÆ t];f] rnlrq xf] . of] rnlrqnfO{ 8]Ao' lgb{]zs ;Aa' ;'a]bL / clgnf v8\sfn] lgb{]zg ub}{5g\ . b'O{ lgb{]zs clgnf / ;Aa'n] l:qmK6 tyf Sofd]/ fsf] k"hf u/ ]/ rnlrq lgdf{0fsf] 3f]if0ff u/ ]sf x'g\ .

rnlrqsf] z'ed'x't{ ;fOtdf gfos k|df]b ef/ åfh, gflosf ;'ifdf sfsL{ / snfsf/ k'ik n'OF6]nn] z'ed'x't{ ;6 klg lbP . z'ed'x"t{ ;6sf] nflu Sofd]/ fsf] :jLr cg ;'/ ]G› lbofnLn] u/ ]sf lyP . To;}u/ L snfsf/ x]dGt a'9fyf]sLn] SNofk lbPsf lyP . åGå lgb]{zs / f]zg

>]i7n] gl/ jn km'6fPsf lyP eg] lgb{]zs 1fg]G› b]phfn] d'x"t{ ;6df PS;g sdf08 u/ ]/ rnlrqsf] z'ed'x"t{ ;fOt u/ ]sf lyP .

rnlrq ærn]5 atf; ;':t/ LÆ nfO{ l;g]df6f]u|fkm/ k'?iff]Qd k|wfgn] lvRg]5g\ . rnlrqdf / fdhL nfld5fg] / slj/ fh uxt/ fhsf] sf]l/ of]u|fkmL / xg]5 . To:t}, / f]zg >]i7sf] åGå / ;'/ ]G› kf}8]nsf] ;Dkfbg / xg]5 . ljsf; rf}w/ L / bfªs} rlr{t ;ª\uLtsf/ ;Gtf]if / hf}/ ]sf] ;ª\uLt rnlrqdf ;'Gg kfOg]5 .

gfos k|df]b ef/ åfh, gflosf ;'ifdf sfsL{sf] ;fydf 8]Ao' gfos cfsfz knsf] d'Vo clego / xg]5 . o; rnlrqdf lgzf g]kfn, 8]la6 z+s/ , k'ik n'OF+6]n, x]dGt a'9fyf]sL, afnbLk / fO{ nufotsf snfsf/ x?sf] clego / xg] ePsf] 5 . rnlrq df3sf] clGtd ;ftfaf6 ˆnf]/ df hfg] rnlrqsf lgdf{0f lgoGqs s[i0f sf]O/ fnfn] atfP .w

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a'af 6]saxfb'/ yfkf / cfdf cd[tf yfkfsf] sf]vaf6 ?s'd ?s'dsf]6–# XofKnfdf hGd]sf pgL xfn bfªd} a:5g\ / bfªnfO{ pgn] l;h{gfsf] sd{ynf] agfPsf 5g\ . oxL+af6 pgn] / fli6«o?kdf cfˆgf] l;hgf{Tds pkl:ylt hgfO/ x]sf 5g\ .

afNosfnb]lv g} ;"bgdf snf If]qk|lt ulx/ f] cle?lr lyof] . snf If]qdf cfˆgf] cy{k"0f{ kl/ ro :yflkt ug]{ x'6x'6L / cfsf+Iff lyof] .

ljBfno txsf] k9fO ;s]/ pgL k"0f{?kdf snf If]qdf ;dlk{t eP . lgi7f / ;dk{0fn] pgnfO{ 5f]6f] ;dodf nf]enfUbf] ;kmntf lbnfof] . snfdf ulx/ f] ;fwgf rflxG5 eGg] s'/ f pgn] k|dfl0ft ul/ lbP .

z'?df pgdf clegodf ljz]if cle?lr / gfos aGg] cfsf+Iff lgs} hAa/ lyof] . pRr lzIff xfl;n ug]{ qmddf bfª em/ ]kl5 pgn] Tof] cfsf+Iff k"/ f ug]{ cj;/ kfP . pgn] c+lst l8;L lgb]{lzt rnlrq clGtdkN6df gfossf] ?kdf 8]Ao" u/ ] . rnlrq tof/ ePkl5 kbf{df cfkm"nfO{ x]bf{ gfos ;"bgnfO{ lgs} cgf}7f] cg'e"lt eof] . …dnfO{ t s:tf]–s:tf] eof], dg xif{n] ljef]/ eof] . cfFvf cfF;'n] el/ of] .Ú ;"bgn] tL lbgx?sf] :d/ 0f ;'gfP .

Tof] pgsf] xif{ / uf}/ jsf] cfF;' lyof] . dgsf] ;'b"/ s'gfdf afNosfnb]lv ;'if''Kt cj:yfdf / x]sf] ;kgf ;fsf/ xF'bf ;"bgn] dg yfDg ;s]gg\ . o; rnlrqsf] k|bz{gkl5 pgsf] clego Ifdtf / JolQmTjsf] ;j{q k|z+;f eof] . / fKtL If]qdf lgdf{0f x'g] k|foM rnlrqdf pgL cg'alGwt x'g yfn] . pgn] clxn];Dd rnlrq 5naf6f], plxn] afh]sf] kfnfdf, k/ Lnufotsf rnlrqdf clego u/ ]sf 5g\ .

;"bg Ps ;kmn rnlrq lgb]{zs klg x'g\ . pgn] lgb]{zg u/ ]sf] of;f{sf] vf]hLdf cTolws rrf{df / x]sf] rnlrq xf] . o;df of;f{ l6k]/ hLjgsf] ljkGgtf x6fpg rfxg] ?s'd]nLx?sf] ;kgf, of;f{ l6Kg a'sL hfFbf Joxf]g'{kg]{ sl7gfO{, hf]lvd, n'6kf6 / ;+3if{nfO{ cf}wL snfTds?kdf b]vfPsf 5g\ . of;f{ vf]Hg hfFbf Hofg;d]t hf]lvddf / fVg'kg]{ lj8Dagfk"0f{ cj:yfsf] ;fy{s lrq0f ul/ Psf] 5 of;f{sf] vf]hLdf .

of] rnlrq lgdf{0f ubf{ pgn] klg lgs} 7"nf] hf]lvd p7fpg' k/ ]sf] lyof] . a'sL n]sdf clS;hgsf] sdL x'Fbf pgLnufot k"/ } o'lg6 la/ fdL

ePsf] lyof] . csf]{lt/ lxdklx/ f]sf] klg hf]lvd p:t} lyof] . la/ fdL cj:yfdf klg sfd u/ ]/ pgn] rnlrq of;f{sf] vf]hLdf k"/ f u/ ] / g]kfnL rnlrq If]qsf] ;d[l4df Ps OF6f yk] .

kl5Nnf] ;do eg] ;"bg ;+uLtsf/ sf] ?kdf a9L nf]slk|o 5g\ . pgn] ;+uLta4 u/ ]sf uLtx? >f]tfx?n] cTolws ?rfPsf 5g\ . pgsf] Jo:ttf klg XjfQ} a9]sf] 5 . ca ljz]if?kdf ;+uLttkm{ s]lGb|t x'g] ;"bgsf] of]hgf 5 . …ca ;+uLtnfO{ g} cufl8 a9fpF5' . >f]tfx?n] d]/ f] ;+uLt dg k/ fpg' ePsf] 5 . lbgx'F ;+uLtsf] nflu ckm/ klg cfO/ x]sf] 5 .Ú ;"bgn] atfP .

clGtdkN6 jfg;fO8 ne rnlrqb]lv y'k|} cfw'lgs uLtx?df ;"bgn] ;+uLt lbPsf 5g\ . pgsf] ;+uLt tyf / fh]z kfon / fO{ / laGb" kl/ of/ sf] :j/ df / x]sf] …klUnof], klUnof] dfofsf] dg klUnof]Ú af]nsf] uLt bz{sn] cTolws ?rfPsf 5g\ . ev{/ } dfq / ]s8{ ul/ Psf] s/ g a'9fdu/ sf] :j/ df / x]sf] …ltdL / d ;f]lN6gLÚ af]nsf] uLtdf pgsf] ;+uLt klg lgs} nf]slk|o x'Fb} uPsf] 5 .

;+uLt l;h{gfnfO{ pgL Ps uDeL/ sfo{sf] ?kdf :jLsf/ u5{g\ . zAbsf] efjdf 8'a]/ gofF no l;h{gf ug{' / >f]tfx?df Ps uDeL/ k|efj k|jfx ug{' pgnfO{ lgs} r'gf}ltk"0f{ nfU5 . o;sf nflu lgs} uDeL/ ;fwgf ug{'kg]{ ;"bgsf] cg'ej 5 .

gfos, lgb]{zs, ;+uLtsf/ ;"bg / pgsf] a'afsf] ;kgf / ?lraLr z'?df s]xL :jefljs b"/ L / cGtlj{/ f]wx? lyP . a'af ;"bgnfO{ Ol~hlgo/ agfpg rfxg'x'GYof] . snf If]qk|lt pxfFnfO{ p:tf] ?lr lyPg . t/ ;"bg eg] n'sLl5kL snf If]qdf lqmofzLn eO/ x] . oxL sf/ 0f sltko cj:yfdf afa'5f]/ faLr s]xL v6k6 / åGå klg eP . oBlk pgsf] ;a}eGbf 7"nf] cfbz{ a'af g} x'g'x'G5 . snf If]qk|ltsf] cfˆgf] cle?lrnfO{ 5f]8\g g;s] klg a'afsf] ;kgfnfO{ slxNo} xfFs lbPsf 5}gg\ pgn] . a? a'afsf] ;kgf klg Pslbg ;fsf/ agfO5f8\g] b[9 ;+sNk u/ ]sf 5g\ .

clxn] eg] l:ylt s]xL ablnPsf] 5 . ;"bgsf] snf ofqfnfO{ pxfFsf] ;xof]u / ;dy{g 5 . o; s'/ fn] ;"bgnfO{ lgs} pT;flxt / uf}/ jflGjt agfPsf] 5 . …clxn] a'afn] ;dy{g lbg'ePsf] 5 . a? / fd|f];Fu nfUg", OHht gkmfNg" eGg'x'G5Ú ;"bgn] efj's z}nLdf atfP .

;"bg Ps pDbf ufos klg x'g\ . pgsf] ufosL klg p:t} bdbf/ 5 . pgn] y'k|} uLtx?df :j/ lbPsf 5g\ . pgL uLt klg cfkm} / rgf u5{g\ . cfˆg} / rgf / ;+uLtdf uLt hLjGt aGg] pgsf] cg'ej 5 .

ha kms]{/ ;f]R5g\, ;"bgnfO{ ;a} s'/ fn] lgs} efj's, / f]df~rs / uf}/ jflGjt agfpF5g\ . clego, lgb]{zg, / rgf, ufog / ;+uLtdf pgn] kfPsf] ;kmntf / k|z+;fn] pgnfO{ b'Mv / ;+s6df cl3 a9\g] k|]/ 0ff lbG5g\ eg] a'afsf] cfbz{ / ;kgfn] hLjgsf] uDeL/ bfloTjaf]w u/ fpFb5 .

g]kfnL snf;+uLtnfO{ ;d[4 cf} uf}/ jflGjt agfpg ;+sNk/ t ax'd'vL k|ltefsf wgL ;"bg yfkf l;h{gfofqfdf cgj/ t ofqf/ t\ xf]pmg\, z'esfdgf .

dlgiff >]i7

/ f]Nkf, @# df3 . cGt/ f{li6«o rnlrq sfo{zfnf / f]Nkfdf z'? ePsf] 5 . sfo{zfnfsf] z'qmaf/ Ps sfo{qmdaLr Pdfcf]jfbLsf dxf;lrj s[i0faxfb'/ dx/ fn] pb\3f6g ug'{ePsf] xf] . clvn g]kfn rnlrqsdL{ ;+3sf cWoIf s]kL kf7ssf] cWoIftfdf ePsf] sfo{qmdsf] k|d'v cltly dx/ fn] lkmNdL z}nLdf pb\3f6g ug'{ePsf] lyof] .

sfo{zfnfsf nflu g]kfnsf rnlrq If]qsf x:tLx? / f]Nkfdf cfO;s]sf 5g\ . rnlrq sfo{zfnfdf ;a} bndf cf:yf / fVg] l;g]sdL{x? ;xefuL 5g\ . sfo{zfnfdf lgb]{zs nIdLgfy zdf{, b]js'df/ >]i7, cf]d k|tLs, b'uf{ g]Djfª, ;';g k|hfkltnufot

cGt/f{li6«o rnlrq sfo{zfnf /f]Nkfdf

;xefuL x'g'ePsf] 5 eg] / f]Nkfsf :yfgLo ;fthgf klg sfo{zfnfdf efu lng] cj;/ kfPsf 5g\ . To:t} ef/ taf6 lgb]{zs z]v/ bf;, 5fofFsf/ ;gL ;f];]km{ / OlhK6L lkmNd ;dLIfs Pj+ lgb]{zs ;kmf PcfO;L klg sfo{zfnfdf ;xefuL 5g\ . lhNnfd} klxnf]k6s x'g uO/ x]sf] cGt/ f{li6«o rnlrq sfo{zfnfn] / f]Nkfsf] ;f+:s[lts, cfly{s, wfld{s Pj+ ko{6sLo If]qsf] k|rf/ k|;f/ n] dxTjk"0f{ cj;/ kfpg] ePsf] 5 . kmfu'g Ps ut];Dd rNg] sfo{zfnfdf ;xefuLx?n] lhNnfsf laleGg :yfgx?sf k'u]/ 5f]6f] ;dosf lkmNd lgdf{0f Pj+ k|:t't ug]{5g\ . / f]Nkf lhNnfsf] ;f+:s[lts, k|fs[lts ko{6g k|a4{g, lasf; / lj:tf/ df o; sfo{zfnfn] dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf v]Ng] ck]Iff ul/ Psf] 5 .

3f]/ fxL, @# df3 . k|ultzLn n]vs ;+3 g]kfn bfªsf ;x;lrj ;flxTosf/ vu]Zj/ e08f/ Lsf] pkGof; …;]tf] la:t/ fÚsf] z'qmaf/ ;dLIff ul/ Psf] 5 . / fKtL ;flxTo kl/ ifb\sf] lgoldt sfo{qmdcGtu{t !!$ cf}+ >[+vnfdf e08f/ Lsf] ;]tf] la:t/ fsf] ;dLIff ul/ Psf] xf] .

kl/ ifb\ bfª zfvfsf sfo{jfxs cWoIf v]d/ fh dNnsf] cWoIftf Pjd\ kl/ ifb\sf s]Gb|Lo cWoIf k'?iff]Qd vgfnsf] k|d'v cfltYodf ePsf] sfo{qmddf ;flxTosf/ pbo cfn], k|ultzLn n]vs ;+3 g]kfn bfª zfvf cWoIf s]zj yfkf / ;flxTosf/ >Lw/ efj'sn] ug'{ePsf] lyof] .

;dLIfsx?n] e08f/ Lsf] s[ltn] ljutdf g]kfnL hgtfn] åGånfO{ lrq0f u/ ]sf] eGb} ljutsf] åGånfO{ a'em\g pkGof; ;xof]uL x'g] atfpg'eof] . ;f] cj;/ df k':tssf n]vs vu]Zj/ e08f/ Ln] k':ts k|sfzgsf qmddf ;xof]u ug]{ ;a}nfO{ wGojfb 1fkg ug'{ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf k|d'v cltly / fKtL ;flxTo kl/ ifb\sf s]Gb|Lo cWoIf k'?iff]Qd vgfn, n]vs ;+3 bfªsf ;lrj vu/ fh Gof}kfg], uf]kfnrGb| kf]v|]n nufotn] af]Ng'ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf ;xefuLx?nfO{ gu]Gb| u'?n] wGojfb 1fkg ug'{ePsf] lyof] .

;]tf] la:t/f pkGof;sf] ;dLIff