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;Nofg . ;Nofgsf] sflndf6L /fdk'/clxn] df}/Lkfng Joj;fosf ?kdf kl/lrtx'g yfn]sf] 5 . df}/Lkfng Joj;fotkm{oxfFsf s[ifsx?sf] nufj / cfsif{0fn]lhNnfd} df}/Lkfngsf lx;fan] of] uflj;kl/lrt ag]sf] xf] .

sd nufgLdf w]/} cfDbfgL x'g] ePkl5oxfFsf s[ifsx? df}/Lkfngtkm{ cfslif{tePsf x'g\ . df}/Lkfng Joj;foaf6 ePsf]cfDbfgLn] 3/ vr{ rnfpg ;lhnf] ePsf]sflndf6L–# l;dns'gfsf s'nk|;fbe08f/L atfpF5g\ . pgL eG5g\, …df}/LkfngJoj;foaf6 jflif{s @ nfv %) xhf/cfDbfgL x'G5 .Ú sflndf6L uflj;sf]lemufg], l;dns'gf, v}/LsfF8fnufotsf;fd'bflos / sa'lnotL jgdf df}/LnfO{cfjZos kg]{ km"nx? / lrp/L k|z:tdfqfdf kfOg] ePsfn] oxfFsf] 7fpFdf}/Lkfngsf nflu pko'Qm 7fpF dflgPsf]5 . To;}n] klg of] If]qdf df}/Lkfng

df}/Ln] leœofof] nfvf}+ ?k}of“

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bfª . af9Laf6 lj:yflktgful/s a:g] 7fpF / vfg] ufF;gkfP/ 56\k6fO/x]sf a]nflhNnfl:yt af9LkLl8t /fxt sf]ifsf]vftfdf k};f y'lk|/x]sf] 5 . lhNnfb}jLk|sf]k p4f/ ;ldltåf/f z'?ul/Psf] cfly{s ;ª\sngsfo{cGtu{t ljleGg ;+3;+:yf /lgsfox?af6 g]kfn a}+ssf] vftfg+= @&!!%)!*! df hDdf ePsf]] $^nfv ^! xhf/ @ ;o @) ?k}ofFsf]/fxt /sd clxn];Dd lhNnfk|zf;g sfof{non] kLl8tx?nfO{ljt/0f u/]sf] 5|}g .

af9LkLl8t kl/jf/sf nflua}+ssf] vftfdf /sd hDdf x'g] qmdclxn] klg hf/L 5 t/ ljt/0fgx'Fbf kLl8tx?n] /fxt dx;'; ug{;ls/x]sf 5|}gg\ .

lhNnf b}jLk|sf]k p4f/;ldltsf ;+of]hs;d]t /x]sf k|d'vlhNnf clwsf/L lbg]z e§/fO{n]ljleGg lgsfoaf6 a}+sdf hDdfePsf] /sd kLl8tx?nfO{ ljt/0fx'g g;s]sf] :jLsfb}{ ;/sf/af6k|fKt ePsf] /sd dfq ljt/0ful/Psf] atfpg'eof] . a}+sdf hDdfePsf] /fxt /sd sxfF / s;/Lljt/0f ug]{ eGg] s'/fsf] of]hgflhNnfdf gaGbf cfkm"x? cndndfk/]sf] k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/Le§/fO{n] atfpg'eof] .

o;cl3 lhNnf b}jLk|sf]k p4f/;ldltsf] a}7s b'O{k6s a;] klg

Joj;fo km:6fPsf] s[ifsx?sf] egfO 5 .…klxn] ufpFdf b}lgsL rnfpg] ;d:of

x'GYof] / 3/ vr{ h'6fpg sfnfkxf8-OlG8of_ uO{ 3f]l6g'kb{Yof] . t/ clxn]ufpFd} df}/Lkfng ubf{ 3/fo;L ;d:of;dfwfg ug'{sf ;fy} s]6fs]6L k9fpg;lhnf] ePsf] 5 .Ú sflndf6L–# sfho/fd jnLn] eg], …1fgsf] cefjn] kf];d:of ePsf] /}Ú5 . cfDbfgL ug{ t cfˆg}ufpFdf klg y'k|} ;Defjgf /x]5g\ .

sflndf6L–# sf $@ 3/sf df}/Lkfnss[ifsx? cfˆgf] ufpFdf df}/L kfngkm:6fPsf] b]v]/ bª\u k/]sf 5g\ . …ufpFdfo;/L df}/Lkfng Joj;fo km:6fpF5 h:tf]nfu]sf] lyPgÚ, :yfgLo nf]s]Gb| cf]nLn]cg'ej ;'gfpFb} eg]], …;fndf df}/LkfngJoj;fosf] ;Defjgf 5 ;'?df ;/sf/Lsd{rf/L ufpFdf k'Ubf ljZjf; g} nfu]sf]lyPg .Ú cfkm"n] df}/L uf]nf, 3f/ / dxklg laqmL ub}{ cfPsf] cf]nLn] atfP .pgsf cg';f/ df}/L uf]nf / 3f/ u/L ^xhf/ d"Nodf laqmL x'g] u/]sf] 5 . Ps

jif{df ! ;o %) eGbf a9L uf]nf / s]xL3f/ lhNnfleq / aflx/ sf7df08f}+, :ofª\hflaqmL ePsf] 5 . clxn] klg w]/} dfucfPsf] 5 .

s[ifsx?n] ljut cf7 jif {b ]lvdf}/Lkfng ug{ yfn]sf x'g\ . df}/Lkfngsf];Defjgf 5 eGg] yfxf kfP/ cu|;/ x'g]s[ifsx?nfO{ k|f/lDes r/0fdf lhNnf s[lif,jg sfof{no ;Nofg, n3'pBd ljsf;sfo{qmdn] tflnd / cfly{s ;xof]upknAw u/fPkl5 df } / Lk fng ug {s[ifsx?nfO{ ;lhnf] ePsf] 5 . klxn]–klxn] %)÷^) lsnf] k|lts[ifs dx pTkfbgx'g] u/]sf]df clxn];Dd jflif{s ! ;o %)lsnf] dx pTkfbg ug]{ u/]sf 5g\ .s[ifsx?n] ufpFdf jflif{s?kdf #! nfv%) xhf/ a/fa/sf] /sd leœofpg] u/]sf5g\ . ufpFdf $@ s[ifsn] clxn];Dd ^xhf/ # ;o lsnf] dx laqmL u/]/ /sdleœofPsf x'g\ .

s[ifsx?n] pTkfbg u/]sf] dx n3'pBdljsf; sfo{qmdsf] ;xof]udf ;Nofg

;xdltk|lt lhDd]jf/ag– k|r08

sf7df8f}+ . PsLs[t g]skfdfcf]jfbL cWoIf k|r08n];/sf/n] tTsfn ljutsf rf/ a"Fb];xdlt sfof{Gjog u/]/ cj?4;bg ;'rf? ug{ dfu ug'{ePsf]5 . d+unaf/ k|wfgdGqL ;'zLnsf]O/fnfnfO{ e]6L ;/sf/n] ;bgvf]Ng c?lr b]vfPsf] o:tf]atfpg'ePsf] xf] .

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lhNnfsf ljleGg :yfgx?df :yfkgf ePsf;f}uft u[xaf6 laqmLljt/0f ug]{ Joj:yfldnfOPsf] lhNnf nB'pBdL ;d"x ;+3sfsfo{qmd ;+of]hs /d]z cf]nLn] hfgsf/LlbP . pgn] eg]], …pTkflbt dx ahf/;Ddk'¥ofpg yf/df/], sk'/sf]6 / vn+ufdf ;f}uftu[x :yfkgf ul/Psf] 5 . oL ;f}uftu[xdfkm {t \ bfª, g]kfnu~h, a'6jnnufotsf ahf/df k7fpg] klg ul/G5 .Ú

s[ifsx?n] 3/af6} k|lts]hL kfFr ;o

?k}ofFdf dx laqmL ul//x]sf] :yfgLolbkss'df/ cf]nLn] atfP . pgn] eg],…dxsf] plrt d"No kfpFbf v';L nfu]sf]5 .Ú n3'pBd ljsf; sfo{qmdnufotn]s[ifsx?nfO{ dx pTkfbgsf nflu cfjZoskg]{ tflnd / ;fdu|L -dxbfgL, cfwf/rfsf,k~hf, df}/L 5f]Kg] emf]nf, SjLgu]6_ ;d]tpknAw u/fOPsf]n] ;xof]u h'6fpg];+:yfx?k|lt df}/Lkfns s[ifsx? lgs} v';LePsf] cf]nLn] atfP .

sfnLdf6L–# l;dns'gfsf df}/Lafh] s'nk|;fb e08f/Lsf] 3/df kflnPsf] df}/L . t:jL/ M k|tLs

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af9LkLl8t /fxt sf]if /sdljt/0fsf laifodf s'g} lg0f{ogePsf] k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/Le§/fO{sf] egfO{ 5 . …d}n]af9LkLl8t /fxt sf]ifsf] /sdk'gM:yf{kgfcGtu{t 3/ agfpgcyjf cGo s'g} k'gM:yf{kgfs}sfo{qmdsf nflu vr{ ug{] of]hgfagfPsf] 5', pxfFn] eGg'eof], …t/ of]s'/f ;ldltsf] lg0f{odf e/ k5{ .Ú

af9LkLl8tsf nflu ;/sf/af6lhNnfnfO{ k|fKt @^ nfv $! xhf/% ;o ?k}ofF ljt/0f ul/;s]sf]

p4f/ ;ldltsf ;+of]hs e§/fO{n]hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . cfha'waf/b]lv ;/sf/dfkm{t\ k|fKt #$nfv ?k}ofF a/fa/sf] k|ltJolQm !)lsnf] rfdn / kfFr ;o ?k}ofFsfb/n] /fxt ljt/0f ug{ nfu]sf]e§/fO{n] hfgsf/L lbg'eof]] .af9LkLl8tsf gfddf ljleGgJolQmx?n] kmfObf p7fpg vf]h]sf]eGb} k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/Le§/fO{n] bfªsf !) uflj;dftYofª\s ;ª\sng sfo{ z'?ul/Psf] klg atfpg'eof] . bfªsf

af9Lk|efljt If]q 8'?jf, dfgk'/,uf]N6fs'/L, km'naf/L, wgf}/L, x]s'nL,k~rs'n], >LufpF / k'/Gwf/fuflj;df lhNnf k|zf;gsfof{nodfkm{t\ tLgj6f 6f]nL agfO{kLl8t kl/jf/sf] nut ;ª\sngug{ k7fOPsf] k|d'v lhNnfclwsf/L e§/fO{n] hfgsf/Llbg'eof] . clxn] pQm 6f]nLaf9LkLl8tx? ePsf] 7fpFdf k'uLkLl8tx?sf] gfdy/, 7]ufgf, ;+Vof,afnaflnsf / ue{jtL dlxnfsf]

8'?jfsf af9LkLl8tx? . kmfOn t:jL/

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af9Lklx/f]af6 lj:yflkt gful/s cefjdf 56\k6fO/xFbf ljleGg If]qaf6 p7]sf] ;f9] $^nfv /fxt /sd lhNnfl:yt af9LkLl8t /fxt sf]ifsf] a}+s vftfdf ylGsPsf] 5 .

aLkLsf] ;flnsl;nfGof;

bfª . g]kfnL sf+u|];sf g]tf:juL{o jLkL sf]O/fnfsf] Ps ;of}+hGdhoGtLsf] cj;/df d+unaf/pgsf] ;flns l;nfGof; ul/Psf]5 .

bfªsf] 3f]/fxLl:yts6x/af]6rf]sdf :yfkgf ug{nfluPsf] ;flnssf] sf+u|]; g]tfv'daxfb'/ v8\sfn] l;nfGof;ug'{ePsf] xf] . kf6L{ lhNnf;efklt 3gZofd /]UdLsf]cWoIftfdf ePsf] sfo{qmddf;flns l;nfGof;kl5 g]tfv8\sfn] ;Daf]wg ug'{ePsf]lyof] .

–af“sL * k[i7dfug'{ePsf] 5 .

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Ps dlxgf laTg nflu;s]sf] 5 t/ af9Laf6 3/af/ljxLgePsf lj:yflktx?sf] a:g] 7fpFsf] 6'ª\uf] clxn];Dd nfu]sf] 5}g .cfh;Dd c?n] lbPsf] /fxtn] 5fs 6fb}{ cfPsf af9LkLl8tx?sf]ca g a:g] af;sf] 7]ufg nfu]sf] 5 g vfg] ufF;sf] . ahf/dfb'O{÷rf/ lbg /fxt ;+sng ug]{x?sf] eL8 nfUof] . /fxt afF8\g]lgsfox? s]xL lbgnfO{ ;fdflhs ag]h:tf] u/], k|rf/df 5fP / uPt/ kLl8tx?sf] k'gjf{;sf nflu /fHoaf6 kxn gx'Fbf pgLx?sf]cj:yf emgkl5 emg kL8fbfoL aGb} uO/x]sf] 5 .

clxn] klZrd bfªsf af9LkLl8tn] cfkm"x?nfO{ /fHon] j]jf:tfu/]sf] eGb} /fxt tyf plrt a;f]af;sf] dfu /fv]/ cfGbf]ngyfn]sf 5g\ . k'/Gwf/fsf u+u6], l;dns'gf, wf]jf3f6, en}nufotsf7fpFsf ;of}+ lj:yflktx? s]xL lbg a:tL g} 5f8]/ uflj;sfof{nodf wgf{ a;] . cfkm"x? a;]sf] 7fpFnfO{ af9Ln] eUgfjz]ifagfOlbPkl5 ;'/lIft af;:yfgsf nflu /fHonfO{ bafa lbgpgLx?n] ;+3if{ ul//x]sf 5g\ . To:t} cj:yf 5 p/x/Lsf] df]tLk'// 8'?jfdf klg . tTsfnsf nflu cfkmGt, ;fj{hlgs 3/ /:s"nx?df al:f/x]sf lj:yflktx?n] /fxteGbf a:g] af;sf] a9LlrGtf ug{ yfn]sf 5g\ . pgLx?sf] clxn]sf] a;fO cJojl:yt/ k6\of/nfUbf] alg/x]sfn] klg pgLx? a:g] af;k|lt a9L lrlGttb]lvG5g\ . af9Ln] Iflt k'¥ofPsf] olt nfdf] ;do eO;Sbf klgk'g:yf{kgfsf nflu sxL, st}af6 rf;f] gb]vfOkl5 pgLx?dflrGtf hfUg' :jefljs xf] . tTsfnLg p4f/, c:yfoL a;fO //fxtsf] sfd ;lsPkl5 ca pgLx?sf] :yfoL a;f]af;sf] nflusfd yfNg cfjZos x'G5 . kLl8tnfO{ /fxtsf nflu ;a}sf];xof]u /x] klg k'gjf{;sf] Joj:yfsf nflu ;/sf/n] tTsfnplrt sbd rfNg cfjZos lyof] . h'g bfloTjaf6 ;/sf/k5fl8 x6\b} uO/x]sf] cg'e"lt tL kLl8t gful/sx?n] ul//x]sf5g\ . ;/sf/n] af9Lsf sf/0f lj:yflkt ePsfx?sf] k'g:yf{kgfsf]of]hgf agfO/x]sf] s'/f u/] klg tL of]hgfd} ;Lldt eO/xFbf otfeg] lj:yflktx?sf] ljrNnL a9\b} uO/x]sf] 5 . h'g cj:yfk|lt;/sf/ uDeL/ aGg ;ls/x]sf] 5}g / df}g alg/x]sf] b]lvG5 .

gful/sn] cK7\of/f] / ljktdf g} ;/sf/sf] ;xfotf /cljefjsTj vf]Hg] u5{ . ;/sf/n] kLl8t gful/ssf] Tof] efjgf/ kL8fnfO{ a'em\g ;Sg'k5{ / oyf;So l56f] cfˆgf] bfloTj k"/fug{tkm{ Wofg nufpg'k5{ . af9Laf6 lj:yflktx?nfO{ k'g:yf{lktug{ 7"nf] ah]6 / ef}lts lgdf{0f sfo{ ug'{kg]{ ePsfn] ;/sf/afx]scGo lgsfoaf6 Tof] ;Dej 5}g . To;}n] ;/sf/n] ;a}eGbfklxnf lj:yflktx?sf] 3/ lgdf{0fsf nflu cfjZos /sd k|bfgug'{kb{5 eg] a:tL glhs /x]sf] aaO gbLdf kSsL t6aGwsf]Joj:yf ul/g'k5{ . To:t} pRr hf]lvddf /x]sf a:tLnfO{ p7fO{cGoq ;'/lIft 7fpFdf ;fl/g'k5{ . ;/sf/n] af9LkLl8tnfO{k'g:yf{lkt ubf{ kG5fpg] u/L eGbf bL3{sfnLg ;f]rsf ;fy km]l/af9Laf6 Iflt gk'Ug] u/L of]hgf agfP/ sfof{Gjog ug'{k5{ .k'g:yf{kgfsf] of]hgf agfpFbf Ps?kstf;fy PsLs[t ?kdfelTsPsf ef}lts ;+/rgfsf] k'glg{df{0f ug]{ u/L ;f]lrg'k5{ . b'u{dhxfFsf 7fpFdf af9Ln] w]/} Iflt k'¥ofPsf] 5, tL 7fpFx?df ;/sf/sf]pkl:ylt emg kftnf] b]lvg] u/]sf] 5 . kLl8tx?sf] kL8fdflyx]nrqm\ofFO u/L ;/sf/n] tL lj:yflktx?nfO{ cem ?jfpg] sfdgu/L tTsfn k'gjf{;sf] sfd yfnf];\ . o; sfo{df ;a}n] ;/sf/sf]Wofg cfs[i6 u/fcf}+ / af9LkLl8tx?nfO{ k'g:yf{lkt u/fpgsfnflu ;xof]u u/f}+ .

qq

;DkfbsLo

xfdL ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fsf] pTsÈ{df5f}+ . bnx?nfO{ k|fKt ;+ljwfgsfcGtj{:t'df ;xdlt u/L d:of}bf tof/ug]{ ;do;Ldf ;lsPsf] 5 . tyflk,;+ljwfg lgdf{0fsf] P]ltxfl;slhDd]jf/L k"/f ug{ h'g:t/df/fhgLlts kf6L{aLr ;d´bf/L x'g'kg]{lyof], Tof] x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . o;n];+ljwfg lgdf{0fsf] sfo{nfO{ dfqhl6n agfPsf] 5}g, sydsbflrt;+ljwfg lgdf{0f eOxfNof] eg] klg Tof]lbuf] gx'g] xf] ls eGg] qf; pTkGgu/]sf] 5 .

/fhgLlts bnaLr )^# d+l;/ &ut] ;DkGg !@ a'Fb] ;d´bf/L jf:tjd}P]ltxfl;s lyof] . xfdL c´} klgToxL ;d´bf/Lsf] k|sfzdf lxl8/x]sf5f}+ . Tof] ;d´bf/Ln] lnPsf p2]Zok"/f ePsf] 5}g . pQm ;d´bf/Lsf] d"np2]Zo g]kfnL ;dfhdf ljBdfg juL{o,hftLo, Ô]qLo, n}+lus lje]b /pTkL8gsf] cGTo x'g] u/L;+ljwfg;efaf6 zflGt k|lqmofnfO{;fy{s lgisÈ{df k'¥ofpg] / /fHosf]cu|ufdL k'g;+/rgf;lxtsf] ;+ljwfglgdf{0f ug]{ xf] . ToxL ;d´bf/Ln]cled'v u/]cg';f/ ;+3Lo nf]stflGqsu0ftGq 3f]È0ff, wd{lg/k]Ôtf, ;dfj]zL/ ;dfg'kflts l;4fGtsf] :yfkgfeO;s]sf 5g\ . tL cToGt dxTjk"0f{/fhgLlts pknlAw x'g\ .

gofF ;+ljwfgsf] lgdf{0f ltg}/fhgLlts pknlAwnfO{ ;+:yfut ug'{xf] . o:tf] sfo{ ;fdflhsGofo;lxtsf] ;d[4 d'n's lgdf{0f ug]{cfwf/ xf] . t/, b'Mvsf] s'/f o;/L;+:yfut ug]{ s'/fdf k6s–k6shl6ntf pTkGg ePsf] 5 . l;4fGtsf]tx;Dd, gLltsf] tx;Dd kl/jt{gsfd'4fnfO{ :jLsf/ ug]{ t/ To;nfO{lnlkj4 ug]{ s'/fdf, Jofjxfl/ssfof{Gjogdf hfg] a]nfdf rflx+ljleGg axfgfafhL ug]{ ;+:sf/ km]l/bf]xf]l/Psf] 5 . s]xL /fhgLlts bndfoyfl:yltjfbL rl/q Psk6s km]l/rl/tfy{ ePsf] 5 .

;+ljwfg lgdf{0fdf sxfFg]/ afwf 5t < kl/jt{gsf/L zlSt /oyfl:yltjfbL zlStaLr ePsf]b[li6sf]0fsf] cGt/g} k|d'v afwf xf] .k'/fgf ;+;bLo kf6L{ s'g} g s'g}axfgfdf hgtfdf uO;s]sf]clwsf/nfO{ km]l/ clehftju{dfkmsf{pg rfxG5g\ . gldn]sf] s'/f oxL/fhgLlts d'4fdf xf] . /fhgLltsbnaLr ldNg g;s]sf] d'Vo ;jfnhgtfnfO{ clwsf/ lbg] ls glbg] eGg]xf] . kl/jt{glt/, cu|udglt/ hfg] lsghfg] eGg] g} xf] . clxn] klg hgo'4/ hgcfGbf]ngkl5 dfq ;+3Lotfdfhfg afWo ePsf k'/fgf /fhgLltskf6L{ ;+3Lotfsf] jf:tljs dd{nfO{

cfTd;ft ug{ ;ls/x]sf 5}gg\ . To;}eP/ xf] ls pgLx?sf] lbdfudfljs]Gb|Ls/0f;Dd dfq 3';]sf] 5 .

!@ a'Fb] ;d´bf/Lsf] l:kl/6 cg';f/ul/Psf] lj:t[t zflGt–;D´f}tf /n]lvPsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfgdf /fHosf]k'g;+/rgf ug]{ s'/f :ki6;Fu pNn]vul/Psf] 5 . pbfx/0fsf nflu cGtl/d;+ljwfg )^# df :ki6;Fu elgPsf] 5,…juL{o, hftLo, eflÈs, n}+lus,;f+:s[lts, wfld{s / Ô]qLo e]b\efjsf]cGTo ub}{ dlxnf, blnt cflblk5l8Psf] Ô]qnufotsf ;d:ofnfO{;Daf]wg ug{ /fHosf] jt{dfg s]Gb|Ls[t /PsfTds 9fFrfsf] cGTo u/L /fHosf];dfj]zL, nf]stflGqs / cUf|ufdLk'g;+/rgf ug]{ .Ú

t/, sf+u|];–Pdfn]nufot k'/fgf kf6L{clxn] cfP/ of] k|:tfjgfnfO{ g}pN6\ofpg rflx/x]sf 5g\ . o; k|sf/sf];':ki6 k|:tfjgf x'Fbfx'Fb} klg k'/fgf]PsfTds s]Gb|Ls[t /fHosf] 9fFrfnfO{oyfjt /fv]/ ;fdfGo ;'wf/ ug]{dgl:yltdf b]lvPsf 5g\ . pgLx?;+3Lotfsf] jf:tljs dd{nfO{ Jojxf/dfsfof{Gjog ug{ tof/ g} 5}gg\ .

hgo'4, hgcfGbf]ngsf] csf]{dxTjk"0f{ d'4f sfo{kflnsf /Joj:yflksfnfO{ k'g;{+/rgf ug]{ klgxf] . g]kfndf k6s–k6ssf] cEof;af6c;kmn eO;s]sf] zf;sLo :j?knfO{km]/]/ :yfloTj lbg], hgtfk|lt pt/bfoLx'g] / hgtfnfO{ 8]lne/L lbg;Sg]zf;sLo :j?k ax';+Vos hgtfsf]OR5f xf] . o;sf nflu k|ToÔ lgjf{lrtsfo{sf/Lsf] Joj:yf x'g'kg]{ hgtfsf]7"nf] lx:;fsf] dfu 5 . ut;+ljwfg;efdf sf+u|];–Pdfn] klg of];}4flGts k|:tfjgfdf ;xdt ePsfx'g\ . ToxL cg';f/ )^( h]7 @ ut]ldl>t k|0ffnLdf hfg] ;xdlt ePsf]lyof] . t/, clxn] cfP/ b'a} bn pxLc;kmn ;+;bLo Joj:yfdf hfg ;xdtePsf 5g\ . Pdfn] t cfˆg} c8fg5f8]/ sf+u|];sf] dfunfO{ zL/df /fVg;xdt ePsf] 5 . o;n] hgtfsf]:yfloTj, pt/bfloTj / tLa| cfly{sljsf; lbg] zf;sLo :j?ksf] rfxgfdf3ft x'g] vt/f a9]sf] 5 .

To:t} oL bn Gofofno, k|zf;lgstyf ;'/Ôf Ô]qsf ;a} ;+oGqnfO{oyfjt /fVg vf]lh/x]sf 5g\ . hgtfsf]bafa y]Ug ;fdfGo ;'wf/sf] s'/f tul//x]sf5g t/ To;n] jf:tljs;d:ofsf] ;Daf]wg gug]{ k|:6 5 .;+ljwfgsf oL cGtj{:t'sf cltl/St;dod} ;+ljwfg hf/L ug]{ s'/fdf klgk'/fgf kf6L{df plt ;f/f] hfFu/ b]lvGg .;+ljwfg lgdf{0fsf] jftfj/0f lgdf{0f ug'{;Qf?9 bn / ;/sf/sf] k|fyldslhDd]jf/L xf] . t/, ;Qf?9 kf6L{s}sltko g]tf jftfj/0f agfpg]lt/ xf]Oglaufg{lt/ g} p4t 5g\ . hgtfnfO{cfZj:t kfg{lt/ xf]Og, lg/f; kfg]{lt/s]lGb|t 5g\ . ljkÔLnfO{ ljZjf;df lng]xf]Og t]hf]aw ug]{lt/, ;xdltlt/ xf]Ogk]n]/ hfg]lt/ ;Qf?9 bn / ;/sf/p4t b]lvG5g\ . ljutdf ePsf;d´bf/L, ;xdlt / ;D´f}tf sfof{Gjogug{lt/ xf]Og, s;/L To;nfO{ pN6\ofpg

;lsG5 eGg] v]ndf tNnLg 5g\ .;xdlt ePsf laÈodf ;d]t sfg'gL //sdL ts{ u/L To;nfO{ pN6\ofpg]È8\oGq eO/x]sf] 5 . zflGt–k|lqmofnfO{ k"/f ug]{, ;+qmd0fsfnnfO{cGTo ug]{ / ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fk|lqmofnfO{ k|ltj4tf u/ ]cg';f/;DkGg ug{ s'g} hfFu/ ;/sf/L kÔdfb]lvPsf] 5}g . c:yfoL dtfb]zsf]cf8df pgLx? ;a} kl/jt{gsf d'4fpN6\ofpg ;lsG5 eGg] ljZjf;df/x]sf] b]lvG5 .

o;sf] cy{ pgLx? ;+ljwfg hf/Lug]{ s'/fdf l9nfO ug{ rfxG5g\ .jf:tjdf o:tf] of]hgfdf uDeL/ /x:on's]sf] 5 . hlt l9nf u¥of] pltcfkm" cg's"nsf] ;+ljwfg agfpg;lsG5 eGg] pgLx?sf] wf/0ff /x]sf]a'l´G5 . ;+ljwfg;ef / ;bgleqsf]5nkmnsf] ;du| ;f/ x]bf{ c´}+ s]xL;do l9nf u/fpg ;lsof] eg]kl/jt{gsf ;a} Ph]G8fnfO{ pN6\ofpg;lsG5 eGg] dgf]lj1fg sf+u|]; /Pdfn]sf g]tfdf b]lvG5 . oL d"ne"td'4faf6 Wofg ljs]Gb|Lt u/L pgLx?/fhgLlts ;+oGqsf] ljjfbnfO{ cufl8;fl//x]sf 5g\ . t/, of] t lgldtsf/0f dfq xf] . jf:tjdf /fhgLlts;+oGqsf] c:jLsf/ ug'{sf k5fl8;+ljwfgdf k|ultzLn cGtj{:t'sf]c:jLs[lt 5 . cfkm"x? ;+ljwfgagfpg cfn6fn ug]{ t/ cj/f]wl;h{gf u/]sf] cf/f]k ljkÔLnfO{nufpg] v]ndf ;Qf?9 bnsf zLÈ{g]tf g} of]hgfa4 ?kdf nfu]sf 5g\ .o; k|sf/sf] ultljlwn] ljZjf;sf];+s6 a9]/ uPsf] 5 .

;xdlt ePsf ljÈo sfof{Gjogx'Fb}gg\ eg] km]l/ 5nkmn, ax;sf] cy{/ cf}lrTo s] x'G5 < /fhgLlts ?kdfolt 7"nf] ljZjf;3ft s] x'g ;S5 <b]zsf k|d'v kf6L{sf] aLrdf ePsf;xdlt sfof{Gjog x'Fb}gg\ eg] c?s'/fsf] kfngf x'G5 eGg] Uof/]G6L s]5 < ;a} /fli6«o zlStsf] ;xdltlagfg zflGt–k|lqmof tfls{s lgisÈ{df k'U5g ;+ljwfg n]vgsf] jftfj/0f aG5 .

To;sf/0f ;bg / ;8saf6 bafa;[li6 u/]/ dfq o;k|sf/sf]oyfl:yltjfbL ;f]rnfO{ lg:t]h kfg{;lsG5 eGg] xfd|f] ljZjf; xf] . To;f]u/]/ dfq k|ultzLn ;f/tTjsf];+ljwfg lgdf{0f ug{ ;lsG5 . xf]Ogeg] zflGt / ;+ljwfgsf] t s'/f 5f8f}+b]z km]l/ gofF–gofF åGåsf rqmJo"xdfkm:b} uP/ b'3{6gfdf kg]{5 . ;Defljtvt/fk|lt ;r]t x'Fb} kl/jt{gsfdLzlSt Psh'6 x'Fb} kxnsbdL lng'cfhsf] cfjZostf xf] .

;a}nfO{ /fd|f];Fu yfxf 5, xfdLn]:jLsf/ klg ul/;s]sf 5f}+, clxn]aGg] ;+ljwfg ;D´f}tfsf] ;+ljwfg g}xf] . t/, ;D´f}tfsf] cfwf/ k|ultzLncGtj{:t', cu|udg / pTkLl8t ju{,hflt, Ô]q / ln+usf] klxrfg /clwsf/nfO{ :yflkt ug]{ vfnsf]x'g'k5{ . To;f] x'g ;s]g eg] gofF;+ljwfgn] ;dfhdf ljBdfg åGånfO{cGTo ug]{ xf]Og, gofF åGånfO{ lgDtf]lbG5 .w

;+ljwfg;efdfoyfl:yltjfbsf] vt/f

xfdLn] :jLsf/ klg ul/;s]sf 5f}+, clxn] aGg] ;+ljwfg ;D´f}tfsf] ;+ljwfg g} xf] . t/,;D´f}tfsf] cfwf/ k|ultzLn cGtj{:t', cu|udg / pTkLl8t ju{, hflt, If]q / ln+usf]

klxrfg / clwsf/nfO{ :yflkt ug]{ vfnsf] x'g'k5{ . To;f] x'g ;s]g eg] gofF;+ljwfgn] ;dfhdf ljBdfg åGånfO{ cGTo ug]{ xf]Og, gofF åGånfO{ lgDtf] lbG5 .

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l l l l l oxfF lhNnf lzIff clwsf/LoxfF lhNnf lzIff clwsf/LoxfF lhNnf lzIff clwsf/LoxfF lhNnf lzIff clwsf/LoxfF lhNnf lzIff clwsf/Lx'g'x'G5, bfªsf] z}lIfs cj:yfx'g'x'G5, bfªsf] z}lIfs cj:yfx'g'x'G5, bfªsf] z}lIfs cj:yfx'g'x'G5, bfªsf] z}lIfs cj:yfx'g'x'G5, bfªsf] z}lIfs cj:yfs:tf] 5 < atfOlbg'xf];\ g .s:tf] 5 < atfOlbg'xf];\ g .s:tf] 5 < atfOlbg'xf];\ g .s:tf] 5 < atfOlbg'xf];\ g .s:tf] 5 < atfOlbg'xf];\ g .

bfª ef}uf]lns b[li6n] ;'udlhNnf dflgP klg z}lIfs :t/ Tolt/fd|f] 5}g . lzIff If]qdf ;'wf/ug'{kg]{ kIf y'k|} 5g\ . lzIffnfO{kx'Fr, ;fdflhs Gofo, ljt/0f,u'0f:t/ / Joj:yfkgdf Wofglbg'k5{ . bfªdf ck]Iffs[t ?kdfoL ;a} s'/fsf] Joj:yfkg x'g;s]sf] 5}g .

ljt/0f / Joj:yfkgdf ;a}eGbfa9L ;d:of b]lvPsf] 5 . s'g}ljBfnodf vrfvr ljBfyL{el/Psf 5g\ eg] s'g} ljBfnodfljBfyL{ ;+Vof Go"g 5g\ . s'g}ljBfnodf lzIfsx? w]/} x'g'x'G5eg] s'g} ljBfnodf b/aGbLcg';f/lzIfs g} x'g'x'Fb}g . ef}uf]lns?kdf klg ef/tLo ;Ldf;Fuhf]l8Psf uflj;x?df z}lIfs :t/lgs} sdhf]/ b]lvPsf] 5 . t/fO{sf;a}h;f] lhNnfdf blIf0ftkm{sfljBfnox?sf] /fd|f] ljsf; ePsf]kfOG5 .

bfªdf eg] ef/tLo ;Ldf;Fuhf]l8Psf ljBfnox?dfb/aGbLcg';f/ lzIfsx? x'g'x'Gg .ef}uf]lns ?kdf klg sl7g ePsfn]xfdLnfO{ cg'udg tyf d"Nof+sg ug{s]xL c;xh ePsf] 5 .

l l l l l ;'wf/ ug'{kg]{ kIf s] b]Vg'x'G5 <;'wf/ ug'{kg]{ kIf s] b]Vg'x'G5 <;'wf/ ug'{kg]{ kIf s] b]Vg'x'G5 <;'wf/ ug'{kg]{ kIf s] b]Vg'x'G5 <;'wf/ ug'{kg]{ kIf s] b]Vg'x'G5 <

lzIff If]qdf ;'wf/ ug'{kg]{ y'k|}kIfx? 5g\ . ;dfhdf /x]sf] x/]skIfsf sdhf]/Lx? x'G5g\ . tLsdhf]/L xfdLn] ;'wf/ ub}{ hfg] xf] .;a} Ps}k6s ;'wf/ x'G5 eGg] klg5}g . lzIff If]qdf klg qmdzM ;'wf/eO/x]sf] 5 . xfd|f] xsdf ;a}eGbfklxn] lzIffsf] dfgl;stf kl/jt{gug'{kg]{ h?/L 5 .

lzIfsn] cfkm" lzIfs x'g'sf]cf}lrTo k'li6 ug{ cfkm\gf]sfo{z}nLdf ;'wf/ ug{ h?/L 5 .lzIfsnfO{ cfkm\gf] k]zfut wd{dfk|lta4 agfpg / lhDd]jf/ agfpgxfdL ;a}n] ;xof]u ug'{k5{ . d}n]bfªsf lzIfsx? v/fa x'g'x'G5eGg vf]h]sf] k6Ss} klg xf]Og .t/, pxfFx?sf] sfo{z}nLdf cfd"n;'wf/ ug{ cfjZos 5 . lzIfsx?cfkm\gf] JolQmut OR5f / :jfy{eGbf

bfªsf lhNnf lzIff clwsf/L k|Xnfb cof{n ljBfnosf] z}lIfs u'0f:t/ a[l4df ;a}eGbf dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf lzIfssf] x'g] atfpF5g\ . 3f]sGt] ljBfn] lxt gug]{ ePsfn]ljBfyL{nfO{ pTk|]/0ffsf] cfjZostf ePsf] pgsf] egfO{ 5 . bfªsf] z}lIfs cj:yf, u'0f:t/, ljBfnosf] ef}lts k"jf{wf/sf] cj:yfnufotsf ljifodf s]lGb|t eP/cof{n;Fu ul/Psf] s'/fsfgL M ;Dkfbs

klg ;du| lzIffsf] :jfy{k"lt{ ug{clek|]l/t x'g'k5{ . ca xfdLn]lzIfssf] xf]Og lzIffsf] lxtvf]Hg'k5{ . cfkm\gf] cg's"n ;?jfug{ vf]Hg]eGbf klg s'g If]qdfcfjZostf xf] tL If]qdf lzIffsf]k"lt{ ul/g'k5{ . cfkm"nfO{ sxfF a:bf;lhnf] x'G5 eg]/ lzIfsx?n]k6Ss} Wofg lbg' x'Fb}g .lzIfsx?nfO{ b'u{d tyf lzIffsf]kx'Fr gk'u]sf] 7fpFdf hfg k|]l/tug'{k5{ .

l l l l l tkfO{n] lzIfsx?af6 s:tf]tkfO{n] lzIfsx?af6 s:tf]tkfO{n] lzIfsx?af6 s:tf]tkfO{n] lzIfsx?af6 s:tf]tkfO{n] lzIfsx?af6 s:tf]ck]Iff vf]Hg'ePsf] xf] <ck]Iff vf]Hg'ePsf] xf] <ck]Iff vf]Hg'ePsf] xf] <ck]Iff vf]Hg'ePsf] xf] <ck]Iff vf]Hg'ePsf] xf] <

lzIfsn] ;a}eGbf klxn]cfkm\gf] cfwf/e"t bfloTj;Demg'k5{ . lzIfssf] ;a}eGbfklxnf] sfd eg]sf] ljBfyL{nfO{k9fpg' g} xf] . ;a} lzIfsx?n];w}+ ljBfyL{sf] k7gkf7gdf Wofglbg'k5{ . lzIfsx? cfkm}n]cfkm\gf] d"Nof+sg ug'{k5{ .ljBfyL{x?df klg hfGg] /ghfGg]x?aLr t'ngf u/]/ ;dGjoub}{ k9fpg] z}nL kl/jt{g ug'{k5{ .cfkm\gf] ljBfnodf klg laifout?kdf w]/} ljBfyL{ pQL{0f u/fpg;Sg] lzIfsx?;Fu sd pQL{0fu/fpg] lzIfsx?n] k9fpg] z}nLl;Sg ;Sg'x'G5 . pxfFx?n]cfkm"n] cWofkg u/fO/x]sfljBfyL{x?sf] dflyNnf] sIffdf

s:tf] k|efj kfl//x]sf] 5 eg]/ klgd"Nof+sg ug'{k5{ . lzIfsx?sf]sfd /fhgLlt ug]{ xf]Og ./fhgLlttkm{ Wofg hfg yfNof] eg]d]/f] / t]/f]sf] s'/f x'g ;S5 .lzIfsx?n] cfkm\gf] Wofg ;?jf,a9'jf, /fhgLlteGbf klgk7gkf7gtkm{ s]lGb|t ug'{k5{ .

l l l l l lzIfsn] of] of] ug'{k5{ tlzIfsn] of] of] ug'{k5{ tlzIfsn] of] of] ug'{k5{ tlzIfsn] of] of] ug'{k5{ tlzIfsn] of] of] ug'{k5{ teGg'eof] . To;sf nflu lzIffeGg'eof] . To;sf nflu lzIffeGg'eof] . To;sf nflu lzIffeGg'eof] . To;sf nflu lzIffeGg'eof] . To;sf nflu lzIffsfof{non] s'g} k|f]T;fxgsf]sfof{non] s'g} k|f]T;fxgsf]sfof{non] s'g} k|f]T;fxgsf]sfof{non] s'g} k|f]T;fxgsf]sfof{non] s'g} k|f]T;fxgsf]sfo{qmd NofPsf] 5}g <sfo{qmd NofPsf] 5}g <sfo{qmd NofPsf] 5}g <sfo{qmd NofPsf] 5}g <sfo{qmd NofPsf] 5}g <

b08 / k'/:sf/ x/]s If]qdfcfjZos 5 . xfdLn] klg /fd|f]sfd ug]{ lzIfsx?nfO{ k|f]T;fxgub}{ cfPsf 5f}+ . ;|f]ts]Gb| :t/dflzIfsx?nfO{ k'/:s[t ug]{ sfdeO/x]sf] 5 . lhNnf:t/df klgpTs[i6 lzIfsnfO{ k'/:s[t ug]{ sfdePsf] 5 . Pp6f lzIfsn] rfx]dfw]/} sfd ug{ ;S5 eGg] s'/f k|z:t}pbfx/0f 5g\ . p:t} ef}lts k"jf{wf// b/aGbL ePsf s'g} ljBfnon]/fd|f] glthf NofpF5g\ eg] csf]{ljBfnosf] glthfdf ;'wf/ cfpg;Sb}g . lsg To;f] eO/x]sf] 5eg]/ ;a}n] a'em\g'k5{ . o;sf]k|d'v sf/0f eg]sf] lzIfs g} xf] .ToxL eP/ xfdLn] gf/fdf g}lzIfsn] rfx]df ug{ ;S5g\ eg]sf5f}+ . Pp6f lzIffn] rfx]dfljBfnosf] u'0f:t/ j[l4 ug{ 7"nf]

e"ldsf lgjf{x ug{ ;S5 . ;fy};dfhdf /x]sf] x/]s kIfn]ljBfnosf] z}lIfs ;'wf/sf nflukxn ug'{k5{ . ljBfyL{ eg]sf]ef]lnsf s0f{wf/ x'g\ . pgLx?nfO{clxn]b]lv g} xfdLn] u'0f:t/ agfpFb}nluof] eg] eljiodf d'n'sn] g}kmfObf lng ;S5 .

l l l l l bfªsf] lzIff If]qsf] ;a} eGbfbfªsf] lzIff If]qsf] ;a} eGbfbfªsf] lzIff If]qsf] ;a} eGbfbfªsf] lzIff If]qsf] ;a} eGbfbfªsf] lzIff If]qsf] ;a} eGbf7"nf] ;d:of / ;a}eGbf /fd|f] kIf7"nf] ;d:of / ;a}eGbf /fd|f] kIf7"nf] ;d:of / ;a}eGbf /fd|f] kIf7"nf] ;d:of / ;a}eGbf /fd|f] kIf7"nf] ;d:of / ;a}eGbf /fd|f] kIfs] kfpg'eof] <s] kfpg'eof] <s] kfpg'eof] <s] kfpg'eof] <s] kfpg'eof] <

bfªsf] ;a}eGbf ;an kIfeg]sf] lzIff If]qdf w]/}sf] rf;f]b]lvPsf] 5 . xfd|f] sfof{no /xfdLn] ug]{ sfddf w]/}n] rf;f]lbg'x'G5 . o;n] xfdLnfO{ sfd ug{pTk|]l/t ug'{sf ;fy} ;hu agfPsf]5 . lzIff If]qdf oxfFsf;/f]sf/jfnf kIfsf] hgrf;f]b]lvPsf] 5, Tof] ;x|fgLo 5 . xfdLcfufdL lbgdf klg o:tf] rf;f] yka9f];\ eGg] sfdgf ub{5f}+ .

oxfFsf] ;a}eGbf sdhf]/ kIfePsf] ;d:ofsf] ljsNk glbg' xf] .lzIff If]qdf of] ;d:of eof] eg]/w]/} cfpg'x'G5 . t/, pxfFx?n]To;sf] ;dfwfgsf] pkfo s] 5eg]/ eGg' x'Fb}g . o;n] xfdLnfO{cln c;lhnf] agfPsf] 5 .

lhNnfsf] lzIffsf] ;du| ;'wf/ug]{ lhDd]jf/L xfd|f] dfq xf]Og .o;df ;a} kIfn] Wofg lbg'k5{ .

lzIfsx? cfkm\gf] JolQmut OR5f / :jfy{eGbf klg ;du| lzIffsf] :jfy{k"lt{ ug{ clek|]l/tx'g'k5{ . ca xfdLn] lzIfssf] xf]Og lzIffsf] lxt vf]Hg'k5{ . cfkm\gf] cg's"n ;?jfug{ vf]Hg]eGbf klg s'g If]qdf cfjZostf xf] tL If]qdf lzIffsf] k"lt{ ul/g'k5{ .– – – – – – – – –– – – – – – – – – –– – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –Pp6f lzIfsn] rfx]df w]/} sfd ug{ ;S5 eGg] s'/f k|z:t} pbfx/0f 5g\ . p:t} ef}ltsk"jf{wf/ / b/aGbL ePsf s'g} ljBfnon] /fd|f] glthf NofpF5g\ eg] csf]{ ljBfnosf]glthfdf ;'wf/ cfpg ;Sb}g . lsg To;f] eO/x]sf] 5 eg]/ ;a}n] a'em\g'k5{ . o;sf]k|d'v sf/0f eg]sf] lzIfs g} xf] . ToxL eP/ xfdLn] gf/fdf g} lzIfsn] rfx]df ug{;S5g\ eg]sf 5f}+ .– – – – – – – – –– – – – – – – – – –– – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –ca xfdLn] ljBfyL{nfO{ lhDd]jf/ / Jofjxfl/s agfpg h?/L 5 . ljBfyL{nfO{ lzIfsn]k9 eGg] dfq xf]Og, pgLx?nfO{ k9\g l;s eGg] 1fg lbg'k5{ . x/]s kIfsf] ;}4flGtsdfq xf]Og Jofjxfl/s kIfnfO{ hf]8 lbg'k5{ .– – – – – – – – –– – – – – – – – – –– – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – –lhNnfsf] lzIffsf] ;du| ;'wf/ ug]{ lhDd]jf/L xfd|f] dfq xf]Og . o;df ;a} kIfn] Wofglbg'k5{ . ;d:of cfO;s]kl5 ;d:of ;dfwfgsf] pkfo klg pxfFx?n] lbg'k5{ . ;Lldt;|f]t, ;fwg / ah]6sf sf/0f ;a} sfd lzIff sfof{non] ug{ ;Sb}g . o;df pxfFx?n]xfd|f] afWotfnfO{ klg a'em\g'k5{ .

;d:of cfO;s]kl5 ;d:of;dfwfgsf] pkfo klg pxfFx?n]lbg'k5{ . ;Lldt ;|f]t, ;fwg /ah]6sf sf/0f ;a} sfd lzIffsfof{non] ug{ ;Sb}g . o;dfpxfFx?n] xfd|f] afWotfnfO{ klga'em\g'k5{ . xfdLn] ;'wf/ ug{sf]nflu oxLaf6 y'k|} sfd ug{;lsG5 . ;a} ;'wf/sf sfds]Gb|af6 dfq} cfpF5g\ eGg] klg5}g .

l l l l l bfªsf ljBfnosf] ef}ltsbfªsf ljBfnosf] ef}ltsbfªsf ljBfnosf] ef}ltsbfªsf ljBfnosf] ef}ltsbfªsf ljBfnosf] ef}ltsk"jf{wf/sf] cj:yf s:tf] 5 <k"jf{wf/sf] cj:yf s:tf] 5 <k"jf{wf/sf] cj:yf s:tf] 5 <k"jf{wf/sf] cj:yf s:tf] 5 <k"jf{wf/sf] cj:yf s:tf] 5 <

d'n'ssf cGo lhNnfsf]t'ngfdf bfªsf ljBfnox?sf]ef}lts k"jf{wf/ /fd|f] 5 . bfªdf@)$@ ;fndf k|fylds lzIffkl/of]hgf nfu" ePsf] xf] . s'g} klgljBfnodf ef}lts k"jf{wf/ ckof{Kt5}gg\ . lhNnfsf] ;du| cj:yf x]bf{z}lIfs b/aGbL klg ck'u 5}g .t/, To;sf] ljt/0f /fd|f];Fu ePsf]5}g . o;n] ubf{ s'g} ljBfnodfcfjZoseGbf a9L / s'g}ljBfnodf cfjZos eGbf sdlzIfsx? x'g'x'G5 . b/aGbLcg';f/ ;a} ljBfnodf ;d'lrtljt/0f ug]{ xf] eg] bfªdf lzIfssf]cefj 5}g .

l l l l l g]kfnsf] ;du| lzIff k|0ffnLnfO{g]kfnsf] ;du| lzIff k|0ffnLnfO{g]kfnsf] ;du| lzIff k|0ffnLnfO{g]kfnsf] ;du| lzIff k|0ffnLnfO{g]kfnsf] ;du| lzIff k|0ffnLnfO{s;/L x]g'{ePsf] 5 <s;/L x]g'{ePsf] 5 <s;/L x]g'{ePsf] 5 <s;/L x]g'{ePsf] 5 <s;/L x]g'{ePsf] 5 <

clxn] klg g]kfndf 3f]sGt]k9fO ug]{ k|rng 5 . ca xfdLn]ljBfyL{nfO{ lhDd]jf/ / Jofjxfl/sagfpg h?/L 5 . ljBfyL{nfO{lzIfsn] k9 eGg] dfq xf]Og,pgLx?nfO{ k9\g l;s eGg] 1fglbg'k5{ . x/]s kIfsf] ;}4flGtsdfq xf]Og Jofjxfl/s kIfnfO{ hf]8lbg'k5{ . ljBfyL{df pTk|]/0ff;a}eGbf dxTjk"0f{ s'/f xf] .xfdLn] ca ljBfyL{nfO{ pTk|]l/t ug'{sfo{qmd Nofpg'k5{ . ljsl;td'n'sx?n] k|ljlwdf 7"n} km8\sf]dfl/;s]sf 5g\ . xfdLn] klgk|fljlws hgzlQm pTkfbgtkm{Wofg lbg'k5{ . k|fljlwshgzlQmlagf d'n'ssf] ljsf; x'g;Sb}g . k|fljlws lzIffn]ljBfyL{nfO{ a]/f]huf/ klgagfpFb}g .

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>LdtLsf] of] sygnfO{;lj:tf/ pQ/ lbg' cy{xLg lyof]– t;y{ dcfFugdf pleP/ cfª dsf{pg yfn]+ .

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d]/f] cfly{s cj:yf lbg k|ltlbg lau|b}uO/x]sf] lyof] . aflx/af6 x]g]{sf] lglDt xfdLTolt cK7\of/f]df 5f}+ eg]/ s;}n] klg ;f]Rg;Sb}gYof] . lsgls xfd|f] ;uf]nsf] ;DklQ#) /f]kgLeGbf w]/} lyof] . d}n] dfq} klg´G8} cf7 /f]kgL hldg rlr{/x]sf] lyPF . t/,d]/f] v]tLkftL ;w}+ lalu|/x]sf]n] To;af6 aif]{gLw]/} 3f6f Joxf]g'{ kl//x]sf] lyof] .

v]tLkftLdf Wofg k'¥ofpg dl;t ;do /OR5f b'j}sf] cefj lyof] . cw{–ls;fgkl/jf/df hGd]/ klg d}n] hLjgsf] nfdf]cjlw;Dd o; Ô]qdf kfOnf /fVg ;lsgF .d]/f] k|lts"n :jf:Yo klg o;sf lglDt csf]{lhDd]jf/L sf/s lyof] . pkTosfdfv]tLkftLsf] pTkfbg nfut klg lgs} dflyx'G5 . cfkm} >d ug]{sf] lglDt ;d]t of] …vfOv]tLÚeGbf a9L x'Fb}g . To;n] d}n] cflyslge{/tfsf lglDt csf]{ s'g} sfd vf]Hg'clgjfo{ lyof] .

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lgoldt ?kdf elgg] oL ;+jfb af]n]/>LdtL efG;flt/ nflug\ . d rkL{lt/ nfu]+–afFsL 3/tkm{ . d ToxfF s;}nfO{ klg ge]6LtTsfn} kmlsPF .

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…hflu/ t ca vf]Hg'k¥of] lg Û ca oqf]kfsf] eO;s]kl5 klg cNnf/] eP/ lx8\g

kfOG5 < ca t :jf:gL, 5f]/f5f]/L, 3/–Jojxf/, Oi6ldq / s'6'Da ;a}nfO{ ljrf/k'¥ofpg'k5{ afa} .Ú

cfdf ;/f;/ sf]7fleq cfpg'eof] . dk'/fgf] cvaf/sf] af;L ;dfrf/dfclN´/x]sf] lyPF .

…aGbLk'/ SofDk;df k9fpg] sfd ldNof]eGof xf]Og <Ú cfdfn] g} eGg'eof] .

…g]kfnL ;flxTo klqsfsf ;Dkfbsljb\of >]i7l;t o;af/] s'/f eO/x]sf] 5 .;+ejtM o;} xKtf 6'ª\uf] nfU5 .Ú

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…ca /fhgLlt ;fhgLltlt/rflx+ gnfu,of] ;a} ;d:of cfOnfu]sf] /fhgLlts}

sf/0fn] xf] . /fhgLlts} sf/0fn] Toqf] ;doh]n al;;\ .Ú afn] klg w]/} ;do cl3b]lvoxL s'/f eg]s} xf] . t]/f] b'u{lt x'g'df/fhgLlt / n]vg b'j} sf/0f x'g\ . xfdLh:tf]cj:yfsf dflg;nfO{ oL b'j} sfd kmfKb}gg\ .w]/} wg ;DklQ x'g]n] dfq ug{ ;S5g\ oLs'/f .Ú

d}n] s'g} pQ/ lbOgF . pQ/ lbP/cfdfnfO{ lrQ a'´fpg] kl/l:ylt klglyPg . d]/f;fd' pkl:yt ljs/fn bl/b|tfn]s'g} klg ts{, cfbz{ jf JofVofgnfO{anjfg aGg lbb}gYof] . t;y{ d ToxL af;Lcvaf/sf] csf]{ k[i7lt/ kmls{PF .

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:jfy{sf] lglDt k|of]u ug'{ePg . Tof] o:tf];do lyof]– h'g ;dodf pxfFh:tf] csf]{hflgkmsf/n] xhf/f}+ /f]kgL hdLg hf]8]sf w]/}pbfx/0f kfOGy] . c?nfO{ d'2f nufP/ b'Mvlbg], d'2f n]v]afkt kmfObf lng] cflb sfdpxfFaf6 slxNo} ePg . To;}n] pxfFn]hLjge/ b'MvnfO{ cfˆgf] cleGg ;fyLagfpg'eof] . /, Tof] ;fyLnfO{ pxfFn] cfkm"lbjª\ut ePkl5 dfq kl/Tofu ug'{eof] .

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klg x'g] .Ú…sf] l5d]sLl;t < sf] 5 tkfO{+sf]

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…clg afsf] 3/df uPsf] eP klgx'GYof] <Ú

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dleq cfFwL rNg yfn]kl5 d}n] 3fF6Laf6c? Ps ufF; klg l5/fpg ;lsgF . s]xLgaf]nL d efG;faf6 p7]+ . d aflx/ lg:s]kl5>LdtL klg ;'FSs–;'FSs cfjfh lgsfn]/ ?gyflng\ .

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ef]lnkN6 /fdk|;fbsf] 3/ Ao"Fembfe"d08nLs/0f lxl8;s]sf] lyof]

vfnL–vfnL lyof] 3/

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sl/a b'O{ bzs cl3b]lv kqsfl/tfyfn]sf] x'F .

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lsg nfluof] o;} eGg ;Sb}g . /x/dfnfluof] / afWotfdf al;of] eGg'knf{ .kqsfl/tfsf dfWodaf6 ;dfhsf nflus]xL of]ubfg ug{ ;lsG5 eGg] ;f]rfOsf;fy nfu]sf] x'F eGg'knf{ . t/ hlta]nfkqsfl/tfsf] z'?jft ul//x]sf] lyPFTolta]nf clxn]sf] h:tf] ;'ljwf lyPg .clxn]sf] cj:yfsf] ;fob sNkgf klglyPg . s'l/o/af6 ;dfrf/ k7fpg]ul/GYof] Tof] ;dfrf/ 5flkP/ cfpFbf klgcfkm"nfO{ lgs} v'zL nfUbYof] . of]@)%#÷)%$ ;fnlt/sf] s'/f xf] .

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;dfrf/ n]v]sf sf/0fn] ubf{ wDsLjf s'6fO slt vfOof ] eGg] d]/fz'elrGts, ;xof]uL, kl/jf/hg, ;fyLefO{;a} hfgsf/ x'g'x'G5 . ;]gfsf] s'6fO,k|zf;gaf6 sf/fuf/, k|x/Lsf] lx/f;t,;z:q k|x/Lsf] lgoGq0f, dfcf]jfbLsf];s;sf ;fy} cfkm"dfq} /fd|f] b]Vg] /c?nfO{ em'6f] 7fGg] w]/}sf] wDsL krfPsf]5' . kfPsf] b'Mvsf] kL8f eg] oxfF pNn]vgu/f}+ xf]nf .

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s;}sf] sNof0f ePsf] 5}g .

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l6Kk0fL ug]{ sf] xf] < s:tf] dflg;xf] < p;sf] af}l4stfsf] dfkg ub{5' .k|ltjfb ug]]{ l:ylt eP u5'{ geP ;DemfOa'emfO u5'{ .

l l l l l kqsf/ lgikIf / t6:y 5}gg\ eGg]cf/f]k 5 lg <

s]xL xb;Dd of] l7s s'/f xf] .elgG5 b'wn] wf]P ;a} z'4 x'G5 /] .xfdL kqsf/x? b'wn] wf]Psf dflg;xf]Ogf}+ eGg] s'/f dnfO{ /fd|f];Fu yfxf5 . tkfO{sf] k|Zgdf s]xL ;Totf kSs}5 .

l l l l l kqsfl/tfsf nflu Go" ldl8of-;fdflhs ;~hfn_sf] slQsf] k|of]uug'{x'G5 <

;fdflhs ;~hfnsf] cfˆg} dxTj5 . cfd;+rf/sf dfWodx?sf] h'gkl/efiff 5 To;df logLx? klg kb{5g\ .kqsfl/tfsf] ulx/fOsf nflu ;fdflhs;~hfnnfO{ ;'rgfsf] ;|f]tsf pkof]uug'{k5{ eGg] nfU5 . t/ cfd;+rf/sf]lbuf]kg o;df x'Fb}g of] k/fnsf] cfuf]h:tf] xf] hf] Xjf/{ aNof] clg t'?Gt}lgEof] .

l l l l l slxn]sfFxL lbSs nfu]/ slt lbglbg}klqsf lgsfNg', cfh cf/fd u5'{ eGg]nfUb}g <

tkfO{+nfO{ ;fFRr} eg'F, h'g lbg;dfrf/ n]Vb}g jf klqsf lgsfNb}gTof] lbg kf] cˆ7]/f] nfU5 . cfh s]xLla/fOof] ls . cfh s]xL e'lnof] lsh:tf] nflu/xG5 . lbglbg} klqsflgsfNg' g;f eO;Sof] . c? dflg;x?c? kbfy {af6 g;f lnG5g \ , dkqsfl/tfsf] g;fdf /d]sf] 5' .

l l l l l >LdtLn] …klqsf d lgsfN5', tkfO{+u[x:yL ;Dxfg';\ eg]/ k|:tfj u/]===ÛÚ

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l l l l l kqsf/ gePsf] eP s] eOGYof] xf]nf <

cfh d tkfO{+nfO{ of}6f v'nf;fub{5' . dnfO{ a}+ssf] d]g]h/ aGg] ;kgflyof] . To;} eP/ cfO= sd= k9]sf]lyPF . kqsfl/tfdf cfPkl5 a}+ssf]d]g]h/ aGg] ;kgf x/fof] . kl5 sd;{k9\g 5f]8]/ aLP k9]+ . clxn] dnfO{ s]nfu]sf] 5 eg] d}n] d]/} kfnfaf6 km]hcfp6 ePsf] n k9]sf] eP /fd|f] jlsnaGy]+ h:tf] nfU5 . t/ of] ;a} s'/f;dosf] v]n /x]5 . ljutsf] s'/ftkm{ghfcf}+ . h] x'G5 Tof] /fd|f]sf nflux'G5 /] . cfkm\gf] k]zf / sd{k|lt dnfO{uj{ 5 .w

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l;Gw'kfNrf]sdf cfPsf] klx/f] /bfªnufot klZrd g]kfndf cfPsf]af9Laf6 kLl8tx?sf] syfnfO{ uLtdf;d]6]/ ;'gfdL NofPsf] atfP . uLtdfcfˆgf] zL/dfly xhf/ b'Mv xF'bf klglagf ;"rgf a]dfgL ;'gfdL cfP/ljktdf kf/]sf] / ToxL ;'gfdLn] w]/}sf]Hofg lnPsf]]] syfnfO{ ;d]l6Psf] 5 .

kfgLsf] cefjdf st} dflg;x?dg'{kg]{, st} kfgLsf] sf/0f 8'a]/ dg'{kg]{kL8f / st} ;f; km]g]{ xfjf gx'g] /st} oxL xfjfsf] cfFwLdf g} p8Ldg'{kg]{ syfnfO{ PNaddf ;d]l6Psf]/]UdLn] atfP . o;}u/L k[YjLsf;Gtltx?nfO{ klg a]nf–a]nf lsgk|s[ltn] wf]sf lbg] / kL8fdf kfg]{u/]sf] oyfy{tfnfO{ uLtx?df

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emf“qmLsf] k]6df kmnfdsf 808L Ûdflg;sf] k]6df 3G6fsf /fnf] cyf{t\

kmnfdsf] 808L . Tof] klg rf/ j6f .´§ ;'Gbf kTofpg ufx|f] 5 .

t/, h'Dnf dxfj}kft/ vf]nfsf $&jÈ{sf hgsaxfb'/ zfxLsf] k]6af6 $j6f kmnfdsf] 6'qmf lgsflnPsf] 5 .

s0ff{nL :jf:Yo lj1fg k|lti7fgh'Dnfsf d]l8sn 8fO/]S6/;d]t /x]sf8f= lg/]z yfkf;lxtsf] 6f]nLn] ck|];gu/]/ zfxLsf] k]6af6 rf/ j6f kmnfdlgsfn]sf] 5 .

;'?df zfxL c:ktfn egf{ x'“bflrlsT;sx?n] Pk]lG8;fOl6;sf] cg'dfgu/]sf] lyP . …^ lbg cufl8 cfPsf] t/rf/ lbgb]lv k]6 b'v]sf] eGb} cfpg'ePsf]lyof] . xfdLnfO{ kTof/ nfu]gÚ 8f= yfkfn]6]lnkmf]gdf eg], …ha PS;/] l/kf]6{ cfof],xfdL klg cfZro{df k¥of}+ .Ú

ufp“3/df wfdLsf] sfd ug]{ zfxLn]

k|sfzn] NofP ;'gfdL

b'O{ dlxgfcl3 hfqfsfqmddf …b]ptf r9]sf]Úeg]/ wfdL gfRb} lx8\g]qmddf 306fsf] /fnf]lgn ]sf ] atfP .cfkm"nfO{ of] d'n b]jtfgeO{ axfg r9]]sf] /To;a]nf /fnf] g/deP/ cfPsfn] ;lhn}lgn]sf] pgsf] bfjL5 .

cfkm"n] o;cl3 klg # ;o % 36flsnf vfO;s]sf] zfxLsf] bfjL 5 .…kTofpg lgs} ufx|f] 5Ú 8f= yfkfn] eg],…skf; vfPsf] t b]v]sf] xf] t/, o:tf]klxnf] k6s b]Vb}5' . d klg lgs}cfZro{df k/]sf] 5' .Ú

pgsf cg';f/ kmnfdsf] /8sf sf/0fzfxLsf] cfGb|f km'6]sf] lyof] . ck|];gkl5

rf/ j6f kmnfdsf] 6'qmf lgsfn]/ cfGb|fl;nfOPsf] 5 .

ut laxLaf/ /flt ( ah]lt/af6 ;'?ePsf] ck|];g !@ ah] ;lsPsf] lyof] .…clxn] la/fdLsf] cj:yf l7s} 5Ús0ff{nL :jf:Yo lj1fg k|lti7fg h'Dnfsfd]l8sn 8fO/]S6/ yfkfn] eg], …lx88'nug{ yfNg'ePsf] 5 .Ú

;d]l6Psf] 5 .cfFrn Do"lhs k|flnaf6 ahf/df

cfPsf] ;'gfdL PNadsf] sf7df8f}+dfPs sfo{qmdsf] cfof]hgf ul/

ljdf]rg ul/Psf] lyof] . PNadsf]ljdf]rg jl/i7 uLtsf/ Pj+;flxTosf/ 8f= s[i0fxl/ a/fnn] u/]sflyP .

t:jL/ pHofnf] cgnfOg

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s's'/;Fu lax] <ÛdfG5]n] dfG5];Fu lax] u5{ . lxGb"

k/Dk/fdf a]n;Fu klg lax] ug]{ rng5 . t/ dfG5]sf] ljjfx s's'/;Fu ePsf];'Gg'ePsf] 5 <

ef/tsf] ef/v08l:yt Ps ufpFdfPs !* jÈL{of lszf]/Lsf] ljjfx s's'/;FuePsf] 5 .

d+unL d'08f gfdsL tL lszf]/Lsf]Ps k/Dk/fut ;df/f]xaLr z]? gfdsf] s's'/;Fu lax] ul/Psf] xf] . pgsf] efUov/fa /x]sf] / ;'?df s'g} k'?È;Fu lax] u/]df u|xbzfn] lgs} g/fd|f] kmn lbg] eg]/ Psu'?n] eljiojf0fL u/]kl5 pgn] g} lbPsf] ;Nnfxadf]lhd k"jL{ ef/tsf] Ps ufpFsLtL o'jtLsf] s's'/;Fu lax] u/fOof] .

s's'/;Fu lax] eO/xFbf ljjfx d08kdf a]x'nL d+unL v';L b]lvGglyg\ . lar/f]s's'/ eg] d:t lyof] . p;nfO{ sf/df r9fP/ ljjfx d08kdf NofOPsf] lyof] /s]6L kÔsf dflg;n] :jfut;d]t u/]sf lyP km"ndfnf nufOlbP/ .

clxn];Dd :s'n guPsL lg/Ô/ d+unLn] cfkm"nfO{ s's'/;Fu lax] ubf{ v';Lgnfu]sf] eP klg ufpFsf a'9fkfsfs} ;Nnfxcg';f/ s's'/;Fu lax] u/]sf] / cfˆgf]v/fa bzf s's'/df ;g]{ pgn] ljZjf; lnPsL l5g\ .

d+unLsf a'jf >L cd'Gbf klg of] s'/fdf ;xdt 5g\ . pgn] cfˆgL 5f]/Lsfnflu ;'xfpg] e':ofxf s's'/ z]? vf]h]/ NofPsf lyP . 5f]/LnfO{ v/fa bzfaf6hf]ufpg] Psdfq pkfo eg]sf] s's'/;Fu lax] ug'{ /x]sf] pgsf] 7DofO 5 . cfˆgL5f]/L;Fu lax] u/]sf] Tof] HjfOF s's'/nfO{ ca d+unLsf afpcfdfn] HjfFOnfO{ h:t}u/L ;Ddfg / :ofxf/ ug]{5g\ . casf s]xL dlxgf;Dd d+unL cfkm}n] Tof] s's'/sf]:ofxf/ ug'{kg]{5, :jfdLsf ?kdf .

pSt ufpFdf o;cl3 klg v/fa bzf ePsf lszf]/Lx?sf] s's'/;Fu lax] ul/lbP/u|xzflGt ug]{ rng /x]5 . s's'/;Fu lax] ug]{ s]6Lx?nfO{ ́ g} /fd|f] dflgbf] /x]5 . d+unLelG5g\, …d}n] Ps lbg s'g} k'?È;Fu lax] ug]{5' . cfˆgf] dg k/]sf] /fhs'df/;Fu lax] ug]{;a} s]6Lx?sf] ;kgf x'G5 . To;}n] d}n] klg d]/f] /fhs'df/nfO{ klv{/x]sL 5' .Ú

@& lsnf]sf] sfpnL ÛPp6f sfpnLsf] tf}n slt xf]nf < ;f9]

@& lsnf] . kTofpg} ufx|f] kg]{u/L a]nfotsfPs k'?Èn] cfˆg} af/Ldf ´08} ;f9] @&lsnf]sf] sfpnL kmnfP/ ljZjsLltdf{g sfodu/]sf 5g\ .

a]nfotsf] gl6+3d;fo/sf lk6/ Unfh]a|'sn]clk|ndf @&=$* lsnf]sf] sfpnL kmnfP/gofF ljZj /]s8{ sfod u/] . cfkm}n] ;g\ !(((

df sfod u/]sf] /]s8{ pgn] tf]8] . plta]nf pgn] clxn]sf] eGbf ´08} c9fOlsnf] sd tf}nsf] sfpnL kmnfPsf lyP . pgn] kmnfPsf] kl5Nnf] sfpnL;fdfGo sfpnLeGbf @) u'0ff 7"nf] 5 . ljZjdf ;a}eGbf 7"nf] Kofh tyf cfn'kmnfpg] JolSt klg lk6/ g} x'g\ . pgn] kmnfPsf] sLlt{dfgL Kofhsf] tf}n*=!(% s]hL 5 eg] cfn'sf] tf}n #=* s]hL 5 .

$% lsnf]sf] ku/L Ûk~hfaLx?sf] nflu ku/L klxrfg g}

xf] . t/ Pshgf k~hfaLsf] ku/L eg] ljz]È5 . x'g t pgsf] gfd} ljz]È 5 . xf],cjtf/ l;+x df}gL gfdsf Ps k~hfaLn]$% lsnf] tf}nsf] ku/L nufpg] u/]sf5g\ .

cjtf/ l;+x ljZjdf ;a}eGbf 7"nf]tyf ux|f}+ ku/L nufpg] dfG5] x'g\ . pgsf]ku/Ldf k|of]u ePsf] sk8fsf] nDafO @!;o !% km'6 5 . cyf{t\ pgsf] ku/Ls]fsk8fsf] nDafOnfO{ cf]nlDks v]nv]nfpg] kf}8L kf]v/L;Fu bfFHg] xf] eg] !#j6f kf]v/Lsf] nDafO a/fa/ x'G5 .

cjtf/ l;+x ̂ ) jÈ{sf 5g\ / kl5Nnf]!^ jÈ{b]lv pgn] x/]s lbg of] ku/L klxl/g]u/]sf 5g\ . $% lsnf]sf] ku/L 6fpsf]dfnufpFbf klg pgnfO{ ef/L dx;'; x'Fb}g . pN6} Tof] ku/L gnufPsf] a]nf pgnfO{s]xL ck"/f] ePh:tf] nfU5 . ku/L gnufOsg lx8\g yfn] eg] pgsf] v'§f n/v/fpF5g\/ 7Ls 7fpFdf 6]Sb}gg\ . ha ku/L nufpF5g\ ta 7d7dL lx8\5g\ . pgnfO{ of] ku/Lkm'sfn]/ k"/} nufpg ´08} ^ 306f nfU5 .

cjtf/ l;+x ef/tsf] k~hfal:yt kl6ofnfsf afl;Gbf x'g\ . olb pgn] bfaLu/]cg';f/ pgsf] ku/Lsf] nDafO @! ;o !% km'6 ePsf] k|dfl0ft ePdf pgLljZjdf ;a}eGbf nfdf] ku/L nufpg] dflg;sf] ?kdf lulgh a'sdf c6fpg]5g\ .clxn];Dd d]h/ l;+x gfdsf JolSt ljZjdf ;a}eGbf nfdf] ku/L nufPsf dfG5]sf]?kdf lulgh a'sdf 5g\ . pgsf] ku/Lsf] nDafO !# ;o !@ km'6 lyof] .

cjtf/ l;+xsf] ku/Ldf ePsf] sk8fsf] tf}n #) lsnf] / uxgfsf] tf}n !%lsnf] u/L hDdf $% lsnf] 5 . pgn] 6fpsf]df ux|f}+ ku/L dfq xf]Og xftdf klg w]/}ux|f}+ r'/fx? nufpg] u/]sf 5g\, h;sf] tf}n g} ´08} $) lsnf] 5 . 7"nf] ku/Lsf]sf/0f 3/df 9f]sfaf6 l5g{ klg d'l:sn x'G5 . sf/df t pgL l5g}{ ;Sb}gg\ . To;}n]otfplt hfg'kof]{ eg] df]6/;fOsndf r9]/ hfg] u/]sf 5g\ .

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