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#* s[lif ;d"xnfO{ cg'bfglbg] tof/L
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;Nofg . ufpFdf jfof] ljqm]6 lgdf{0f;Fu}bfp/fsf] cefjdf ef]Ug'k/]sf] b'Mv 6g]{ePkl5 b]j:ynsf afl;Gbfx? v';L ePsf5g\ . b]j:yn uflj;–( b]j:ynsf lgDgcfo ePsf dlxnf–k'?ifx? jfof] ljqm]6lgdf{0fdf ;xefuL ePsf 5g\ .
s[i0f sj'lnotL jg ;d"xdf cfj4:yfgLo !! dlxnf / # k'?if jfof] ljqm]6lgdf{0fdf ;xefuL ePsf] sdnf 3tL{n]atfOg\ . pgn] elgg\, …dlxnfx?sf];xeflutf / ;lqmotf w]/} /x]sf] eP klgk'?ifsf] klg plQs} ;xof]u 5 . jgh+undfv]/ uO/x]sf] jgdf/f nufot cgfjZosemf/kft k|of]u u/]/ jfof] ljqm]6 lgdf{0f ug]{ul/Psf] 5 .
aL–Xjfe ljqm]6 eg]sf] bfp/fsf] ;§fdfk|of]u ul/g] Ps j}slNks OGwgsf] ;|f]txf] . of] df}/Lsf] rfsfh:t} Kjfn ePsf]x'gfn] o;nfO{ aL–Xjfe ljqm]6 elgPsf]xf] . s'g} k|of]udf Nofpg g;lsPsf]bfp/fsf] ;–;fgf 6'qmf, emf/kft, jgdf/f,au}+rfaf6 lg:s]sf] v/kftx? hnfP/ aGg]sf]Onf lk+w]/ tof/ ePsf] w'nf]df df6f]ld;fP/ ljqm]6 tof/ ul/g] ;d"xsf cWoIfrGb|axfb'/ 3tL{sf] egfO{ 5 . pgn] eg],…ljqm]6 ;fOhcg';f/ lglZrt ;do;DdaNg] ub{5 . ;a}eGbf ;fgf] ;fOhsf] ljqm]6-# OGr, # O~r_ $% ldg]6b]lv !306f;Dd aNb5 . demf}nf ;fOhsf] ljqm]6-# O~rb]lv % O~r_ 8]9 306fb]lv b'O{306f aNb5 eg] ;a}eGbf 7"nf] ;fOhsf]
ljqm]6 -# O~rb]lv ^O~r_ #% j6f KjfnePsf] x'G5 . hf] b'O{306fb]lv ;f9] b'O{306f;Dd aNg] ub{5 .
jfof] ljqm]6 lgdf{0fsfo{;Fu} :yfgLobfp/fsf] cefjaf65'6sf/f kfOg] eGb} v';LePsf 5g\ . s[i0fsj'lnolt jg !@=&%x]S6/ If]qdf km}lnPsf] /o; jgdf w]/} jgdf/f /cgfjZos hftsfemf/kftx? kfOG5g\ .jgdf/fn] h+unsf]xl/ofnL a9fP tfklgTo;sf] pkof]u ug{;lsPsf] lyPg :yfgLowgaxfb'/ a'9fyf]sLn] cg'ej ;'gfP, …jgdf/f/ emf/nfO{ k|zf]wg u/L bfp/fsf] ?kdf pkof]uug{ ;lsG5 . pgn] yk], ljqm]6 ( j6f KjfnePsf]nfO{ @) ?k}ofF, !( Kjfn eP #) /#% Kjfn ePsf]nfO{ $) ?k}ofF;Dd laqmLeO/x]sf] 5 .
b]j:yn–( b]j:yn, 3f6ufpF, ;NnLahf/nufotsf If]qdf OGwg pmhf{sf] cefj /x]sf]5 . cf;kf;df /x]sf] hª\un If]q jgdf/fn]9flsPsf] 5 . jgdf/f tyf emf/x?nfO{k|zf]wg u/L OGwgsf] ?kdf k|of]udf Nofpg;lsg] ePkl5 :yfgLoaf;Ln] bfp/fsf]cfjZostf k"/f ug'{sf ;fy} /f]huf/L l;h{gfx'g] ljZjf; lnPsf 5g\ . jfof]ljqm]6 cfuf]
afNgsf nflu pkof]uL ePsfn]pkef]Qmfx?n] clu|d dfu ug{ yfn]sf]sl:d/f k'gn] atfOg\ . pgn] elgg\, …jfof]ljqm]6sf] pTkfbgnfO{ a9fpg ;s]/f]huf/Lsf] cj;/ klg l;h{gf x'g] lyof] .
;d"xsL ;b:o uf}/L k'gn] ljqm]6n] ubf{hyfefaL jg hª\un km8fgL /f]Sg d2tk'Ug]5 . jgdf ePsf ?vlj?jf hf]lug]5g\ .jftfj/0f k|b'if0f sd x'g], w'jfF sd cfpg],nfdf] ;do;Dd k|of]udf Nofpg ;lsg]5 .pgn] v';L x'Fb} elgg\, …bfp/fsf] cefj k"lt{ug'{sf ;fy} jftfj/0f ;Gt'lnt /fVg;xof]u k'Ub5 . ljqm]6 hf8f]df cfuf] tfKg,
–afFsL * k[i7dfa"9fa"9L / aRrfnfO{
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bfª . ;fgf tyf demf}nf s[ifscfo:t/ j[l4 sfo{qmdcGtu{t o; jif{lhNnfsf #* j6f ;d"x / ;xsf/Lsfnflu cg'bfg /sd cfpg] ePsf] 5 .s]Gb|Lo s[lif ljsf; sfof{nodflhNnfn] l;kmfl/; u/]sf] &! j6f btf{k|:tfjdWo] #* j6f k|:tfj cg'bfgsfnflu k|f/lDes ?kdf 5gf]6df k/]sf]To;sf] clGtd 5gf]6 eg] x'g afFsL/x]sf] lhNnf s[lif ljsf; sfof{non]hfgsf/L lbPsf] 5 . cl3Nnf] aif{ %s[lif ;d"x, ! ;xsf/L / ! lghLpBdnfO{ u/L & 7fpFdf cg'bfg lbOPsf]lyof] .
cg'bfgsf nflu k|:tfljtdWo] #*j6f dfq} 5gf]6df k/] klg To;n]lhNnfsf] s[lif Joj;fo j[l4 / ljsf;ug{df /fd|f] e"ldsf v]Ng] s[lif ljsf;sfof{nosf k|;f/ clws[t e/tdl0fkf]v|]n atfpg'x'G5 . kf]v]|nsf cg';f/s]Gb|n] k|bfg ug]{ cg'bfg /sd of]hgf5gf]6 u/L s[ifs ;d"x, ;xsf/L / pBdLkmd{x?nfO{ lbOg] 5 . s[ifssf] cfo:t/a[l4sf nflu s]Gb|Lo s[lif ljsf;sfof{non] lbg] cg'bfgsf] ;+Vof a[l4;Fu}
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t'n;Lk'/ . t'n;Lk'/ gu/kflnsfn]ahf/ If]qdf km'6kfy k;n x6fpg z'?u/]sf] 5 . nfdf] ;dob]lv ;8snfO{ c;/kg]{ u/L /flvPsf 7]nf / km'6kfy k;nx6fpg z'? ul/Psf] t'n;Lk'/ gu/kflnsfsfjftfjf/0f zfvfsf sd{rf/L v]dsfGtkf08]n] atfpg'eof] .
…km'6kfysf sf/0f ;jf/L b'3{6gf a9]sf]5,Ú pxfFn] eGg'eof], …Jojl:yt gx'Fbf ;x/;d]t s'?k b]lvPsf] 5 .Ú gu/kflnsfn]ahf/sf km'6kfydf /x]sf kmnkm"n, t/sf/L/ 7]nfuf8fdf /x]sf cGo ;fdfgx? hkmtub}{{{{ /fVg] u/]sf] 5 . tL ;fdfgx? lnnfdug]{ jf ;DalGwt JolQmnfO h/Ljfgf u/Llbg] af/]df l5§} lg0f{o ug]{ gu/kflnsfn]atfPsf ] 5 . cl3Nnf ] ;ftfb ] lvgu/kflnsfn] dfOlsª u/]/ hfgsf/Llbbf;d]t c6]/ u/]kl5 sf/afxL k|lqmofz'? ul/Psf] kf08]n] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] .gu/kflnsfsf] uf8L b]Vg]lalQs} km'6kfydfJofkf/ ug]{x? efUg] ePsfn] sfo{sf/Lclws[tsf] uf8Laf6 cg'udgdf hfg]ul/Psf] pxfFn] atfpg'eof] .
cl3Nnf] d+unaf/b]lv t'n;Lk'/sf]u0f]zdfg rf]sb]lv km'6kfy x6fpg z'?ul/Psf] gu/kflnsfn] atfPsf] 5 .ahf/df a9]sf] km'6kfy k;nx?nfO{lgoGq0 f ug {sf nf lu o;cl3gu/kflnsfn] Onfsf k|x/L sfof{no /6«flkms k|x/L sfof{no;Fu ;dGjo gu/]sfn];d:of pTkGg ePsf] Joj;foLx?n]atfPsf 5g\ . t 'n;Lk '/ u0f ]zdfgrf]slgaf;L ;'lgn s];Ln] gu/kflnsfsf]nfk/afxLn] ubf{ 7]nfuf8f, k'm6kfyk;n]x?n] k|>osf] df}sf kfPsf] cf/f]knufP . gu/kflnsfn] eg] cfufdL lbgdf;dGjo u/]/ cl3 a9\g] atfPsf] 5 .
7]nf uf8f / km'6kfy k;n]x?n]gu/kflnsfsf] sbdsf] lj/f]w u/]sf 5g\ .cfkm"x?nfO{ j}slNks Joj:yf gu/Lha/h:tL x6fpg' Gofok"0f { gePsf]pgLx?sf] egfO{ 5 . :yfgLo 7]nf Joj;foL/fd rf}w/Ln] gu/kflnsfn] cfkm"x?sf]Jofkf/ Joj;fo ug]{ clwsf/ xgg\ u/]sf]atfpg'eof] . …xfdLn] ubf{ gu/af;Ln] ;:tf]d"Nodf t/sf/L kfPsf 5g\,Ú pxfFn] eGg'eof],…gu/kflnsfn] xfdLnfO{ Jofkf/ ug]{ :yfgvf]hL lbg'k5{ .Ú
lhNnfn] klg s[lif Joj;fosf nfluof]hgfutsf ljleGg sfo{qmdx? ;DkGgu/]sf] 5 . s[lif ljsf; sfof{non] sl/a$% nfv #) xhf/sf] nfutdf % ;o$) x]S6/ If]qkmn hldgnfO{ l;rfO k'Ug]u/L lhNnfsf ljleGg $# 7fpFx?df ;fgfl;rfO sfo{qmd ;DkGg u/]sf] 5 . h'gl;rfO cfof]hgfaf6 s[ifsx?n] ;xsf/Lv]tL / s[ifs ;d"xx?n] t/sf/L v]tL ub}{cfO/x]sf] s[lif k|;f/ clws[t kf]v|]nn]atfpg'eof] .
To:t} s[lif ljsf; sfof{non];~rfng u/]sf] cleofgd'vL df5fkfng/ dfx'/L kfng sfo{qmd k|efjsf/L /;kmn aGb} uPsf] s[lif k|;f/ clws[te/tdl0f kf]v|]nn] atfpg'eof] .lhNnfdf clxn] #) la3f If]qkmnhldgdf df5fkfng eO/x]sf] / Psx]S6/ hldgdf df5f kfNgsf nflu !nfvsf] /sd cg'bfg / cGo k|fljlws;xof]u s[lif sfof{non] k|bfg ul//x]sf]k|;f/ clws[t kf]v|]nn] atfpg'eof] .To:t} dfx'/Lkfngsf nflu s[ifsx?nfO{3f/ lsGgsf nflu ## k|ltzt 5'6sf;fy} k|fljlws ;xof]u / tflnd k|bfgug]{ sfd s[lif sfof{non] ul//x]sf]pxfFn] atfpg'eof] . :yfgLo hnjfo'
cg's"ng sfo{qmdcGtu{t clxn]xfFl;k'/ uflj;sf @% ls;fgnfO{uf]nf;lxtsf] %) 3f/ ;]/fgf hftsf]dfx'/L lgMz'Ns ljt/0f ul/Psf] s[lifsfof{nosf k|;f/ clws[t kf]v|]nn]hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . ;f]xL hnjfo"cg's"ng sfo{qmdcGtu{t cfFk, cgf/,sfutL / s]/f u/L * xhf/ lj?jf 9'jfgLvr{ dfq lnP/ ls;fgx?nfO{ ljt/0ful/Psf] kf]v|]nn] atfpg'eof] .
lhNnfdf ds}, e6df;, tf]/L, d;'/f]h:tf afnLx? nufpg ls;fgx?nfO{s[lif sfof{non] pTk|]l/t ug]{ p2]Zon]aLpdf ## k|ltzt cg'bfg, hUuflnhdf lnO{ v]tL ug]{x?nfO{ Ps x]S6/hUufsf nflu ! nfv;Dd / s[lifOl~hlgol/ª, s[lif oGqx?df ;d]tcg'bfg lbg] Joj:yf u/]sf] k|;f/clws[t e/tdl0f kf]v|]nn] atfpg'eof] .ljleGg afnLx?sf] aLp pTkfbgdf Wofglbb} s[lif sfof{non] k|dfl0ft lapls;fgnfO{ ;x'lnot b/df k|bfg ug]{ /sfpnL, 6df6/, le08L, s/]nfh:tft/sf/Lx? lhNnf aflx/;Dd k'¥ofpg] u/Lt/sf/L v]tLsf nflu s[ifsnfO{cfslif{t ug]{ sfo{qmd Nofpg] kf]v]|nn]hfgsf/L lbg'eof] .
t'n;Lk'/df km'6kfyx6fpg z'?
bfª lhNnf pBf]u jfl0fHo ;+3sfcWoIf x]d/fh a~hf8];Fu s'/fsfgL #
s[lifnfO{ k|f]T;fxg h?/Lbfª s[lifsf nflu pj{/e"ld dflgG5 . oxfFsf] ljzfn
pkTosf s[lif pTkfbgsf nflu k|s[ltk|bQ j/bfg dflgb}cfPsf] 5 . pTkfbgsf nflu v]tLof]Uo hdLgsf] b[li6n]j/bfg dflgPtf klg oxfFsf] s[lif k|0ffnL cem}+;Dd klgk|ljlwo'Qm / cfw'lgs aGg ;ls/x]sf] 5}g . !) s¶f hldghf]Tgsf nflu jif{ lbgel/ Ps xn uf]? r/fP/ a:g'kg]{afWotf oxfFsf ls;fgx?sf] 5 . clxn]sf] o'jfk':tf To:tf]cg'Tkfbs tl/sfn] Ps xn uf]? r/fP/ a:g ;Sb}g /ljb]zlt/ knfog x'G5 . oxfF o'jf hgzlQmsf] cefjdfsof}+ la3f v]tLof]Uo hldg vfnL x'g] u/]sf]] 5 . of] l:yltk}bf x'g'sf] d'Vo sf/0f /fHon] s[lif If]qnfO{ k|fyldstfdfkf/]/ klg k|efjsf/L / k|ljlwo'Qm agfpg g;Sg' g} xf] .h;n] ubf{ >d w]/} / To;sf] t'ngfdf pTkfbg sdsf];d:of em]Ng' kl//x]sf] 5 .
s[lif If]qdf /fHon] ug]{ nufgL kof{Kt 5}g eg] v]tLdfgofF k|ljlw klg lelqPsf] b]lvb}g . b]zdf s[lif sn]hx?sf]cfjZostf a9\b} uO/x]sf] 5 t/ /fHon] nufgL ug{ ;ls/x]sf]5}g . pGgt aLplahg, ;fwg;|f]tsf] cefjsf ;fy} s[lifpTkfbgnfO{ a[l4 ug]{ u/L /fHo:t/af6 kof{Kt of]hgf aGgg;Sg'n] ls;fgx?sf] :t/ a9f]Q/L x'g ;ls/x]sf] 5}g .xfd|f] s[lif If]qsf] cj:yf ;lbof}+ aif{ k'/fgf] vfnsf] ePsfsf/0f o;cGtu{tsf Joj;fox?sf] klg Tolt w]/} pGgltx'g ;ls/x]sf] 5}g . xfd|f] h:tf] s[lifsf] nflu pko'QmlhNnfdf s[lif pBf]u / Joj;fosf] ;Defjgf klg TolQs}/fd|f] dflgG5 . s[lifcGtu{t t/sf/L v]tL, kmnkm"n v]tL,pGgt hftsf kz' kfng, rNnf kfng, df5f kfng, dfx'/Lkfng, 8]/L pBf]u, s]/f v]tLnufotsf bh{gf}+ s[lif Joj;fox?lhNnfdf la:tf/ x'Fb} df;'df t cfTdlge{/ klg aGb} uO/x]sf]5 . s[lif If]qdf pTkflbt j:t'sf] vkt ahf/df bf]Aa/ x'g]u5{ . xfd|f] b]zdf aif{df c/af}+ ?k}ofFsf] dfq t t/sf/L,kmnkm"n / df;' ef/taf6 cfoft x'g] u/]sf] 5 . tL cfoftLtj:t'x?sf] pTkfbg oxL ug{ ;Sof] eg] Tof] k"FhL /fHon]ljsf;sf cGo If]qdf kl/rfng ug{ ;Sg]5 . To;sfnflu o; If]qdf kof{Kt nufgL, s[lif Joj;fonfO{ k|f]T;fxgsf;fy} o'jf hgzlQmnfO{ cfslif{t ug]{ xf] eg] d'n'sn] s[lifdfdfq cfTdlge{/ geO{ cf}Bf]lus If]qsf] ljsf;df klg l5§}5nfª dfg]{ lyof] .
xfd|f] lhNnfsf] ljsf;sf nflu k|ljlwo'Qm s[lif k|0ffnL/ /f]huf/d'ns s[lif Joj;fo clgjfo{ /x]sf] 5 . o;sfnflu ah]6 nufgL a9fpg' cfjZos 5 . ;xsf/Ldfkm{t\;/sf/n] s[lif Joj;fosf nflu cg'bfg lbg] eP klg Tof]kof{Kt 5}g . ;/n / ;xh 9+usf] k/fdz{, JolQmnfO{ klgsd Jofhb/df lagf emGem6 shf{ lbg] / ufpF–ufpFdfk|f]T;fxgo'Qm sfo{qmdx? ;~rfng ug]{ sfd s[lif ljsf;sfof{non] ug{' cfjZos 5 . s[lif If]qdf cj;/ l;h{gful/lbg] / ;f]xLcg';f/sf] ahf/ Joj:yf ;/sf/n] ul/lbg]xf] eg] lhNnfdf dfq geO{ b]z}af6 qmdzM a]/f]huf/Lsf];+Vof 36\b} d'n's cfly{s ;d[l4sf] af6f]df cl3 a9\g]5 .To;}n] ;/sf/n] o'jf :j/f]huf/ sfo{qmdnfO{ x6fP/ xf]Ogcem k|efjsf/L agfP/ >lds o'jf;Dd k'¥ofpg h?/Lb]lvPsf] 5 .
dxfdlxd df]bL g]kfn cfpFb}5g\ .ef/tLo ;/sf/ k|d'vsf] cf}krfl/s/fhsLo e|d0f s/La 8]9 bzseGbf kl5eO/x]sf] 5 . dfggLo ;'Zdf :j/fh s/Lab'O{ bzs /f]lsPsf] a}7sdf efu lnP/kmls{;s]sL l5g\ . ljut ef/tLo ;/sf/n]sfo{sfnsf] cGtlt/ n]v]sf] pmhf{ljsf; tyf Jofkf/ ;DaGwL k|:tfj ev{/}dfq 5nkmndf cfPsf] 5 . j}wflgstyf ;/sf/L k|lqmofcGtu{t cfdhgtfnfO{ ;';"lrt ug{ o:tf] eO/x]sf]5 . lns ePsf] 5 of] k|:tfj s]xL5nkmnsf ;xefuLx?af6 . oxL ljifon]g]kfnL dfxf]n ttfO/x]sf] 5 .
n]Vg'kg]{ / n]Vg ;lsg] w]/} ljifox?5g\ . Pdfn] dxflwj]zg ;lsPsf] 5 .;/sf/L gLlt sfo{qmd tyf ah]6 cfPsf5g\ . ;+ljwfg;efleq ljleGg ;ldltx?sfsfd sf/afxLx? rln/x]sf 5g\ . oL ;a};jfnx?df snd rnfpg ;lsG5 /cfjZos klg 5 . kf6L{leq cfGtl/sPstfsf ;jfndf s'/f rln/x]sf 5g\ .sfo{lbzf / sfo{gLltsf ljifodf :ki6tfsf]rrf{ rln/x]sf] 5 . ljutdf ;dfhjfbL;Qfx? :yfkgf eO;s]sf b]zx?df ePsfk|ltqmflGtkZrft\ ljrf/ / cfGbf]ngsfs]Gb|ljGb' t];|f] ljZjsf b]zx? lyP .olta]nf ljZj sDo'lgi6 cfGbf]ngdf;'wf/jfb / ;f/;+u|xjfb xfjL eO/x]sf] /yk /IffTds aGb} uPsf] l:ylt 5 . oLofjt ljifosf ;fd" clxn]sf] hNbf]aNbf]ljifo df]bLsf] g]kfn e|d0f / kfgLsf] s'/fn]cln a9L dfxf]n ttfPsf] x'Fbf oxfF ToxLljifodf s]xL ljrf/ dGyg ug]{ k|of;ul/Psf] 5 .
/fd agaf;af6 kmls{bf ;fob oltp2]lnt eP x'g\, ldlynfaf;Lx? . vf8Laf65f]/f kmls{bf ;fob olt pT;flxt xf]nfg\cfkmGtx? t/ df]bLsf] g]kfn e|d0fn]s]xLnfO{ Hofb} cfjZostfeGbf a9L g}k'nlst ul//x]sf] 5 . ;fx'nfO{ ;a} a'emfP/d'Unfg em/]sf] cf;fdL ;fx' cfpg] va/n]t;]{hlQs} cft+lst 5g\ csf]{y/Lx? . lsgo:tf] x'G5 < g]kfnL hgtf klg ;z+lst5g\ . / eGg}kg]{ x'G5 g]kfndf pRr afFwkl/of]hgfx? ef/tnfO{ rflxPsf] 5, kfgL/ lah'nL vf;u/L kfgLsf nflu . kfgLaf/]
o;k6s s'g} ax; eO/x]sf] 5}gg\ . k|:tfjdflah'nLsf] s'/f 5 / ;a} lah'nLaf/d} ax;ul//x]sf 5g\ . kl5Nnf] k|rfl/t ;'rgfsfcfwf/df afn'jf6f/ a}7sdf g]kfnnfO{gf]S;fg gx'g] u/L ef/tk|lt ;sf/fTds aGg];xdlt u/]/ /fhg}lts bnx? p7] .
ToxfF klg g]kfnsf] k|fyldstfaf/] s'g}5nkmn g} u/]gg\ eGg'k5{ . o:tf] s"6gLlt/ ljb]zgLltn] g]kfnnfO{ pFef] nufpgg;Sg] kSsf 5 . /fhg]tfx?df /x]sf] oxLsdhf]/Lsf sf/0f ;j{;fwf/0fx?sf] Pp6ftKsf eGg] u5{, …s]xL ub}{gg\ g]tfx? a?ljb]zLn] nu] ljsf; t uYof]{ .Ú of] ;f]RgafWo hgtfdf :jfledfg / ljZjf; p7\g]u/L sfd ug{, kxn ug{ / ckLn ug{g]t[Tj ;Ifd aGg'k5{ . xfd|f] ;d:ofsf]klxnf] s8L oxL+af6 z'? x'G5 .
xfd|f] cfjZostf ef/tsf] h:t} lah'nL/ kfgL b'a} xf] . s'n s[lif If]qsf] #%k|ltzt;Dd l;+rfO Jojl:yt x'g g;s]sf],vfBfGg cfoft ug]{ cNkljsl;t b]z,ljB't cefjdf dnvfb sf/vfgf vf]Ngg;s]sf] b]z, t]nsf] ;§f ljB't rflntoftfoft Joj:yfkg u/]/ cfTdlge{/ aGg'kg]{b]z pkxf/df b'O ltxfOeGbf a9L kfgLef/tnfO{ a'emfO;s]sf] cj:yfdf 5 . b]z8'Ag] u5{ / ;Ldfkf/L wfg nxnxfpF5 .jg / af3 hf]ufpg cGt/f{li6«o If]qdf;Demf}tf u/]/ kmls{PnuQ} 8'afgkLl8tnfO{h+undf af; lbg afWo g]kfnL zf;sx?slxNo} klg b]z / hgtfsf ;d:of /cfjZostfdf s]Gb|Lt eP/ ;f]Rb}gg\ . cfd;j{;fwf/0f g]kfnLx?n] Jojxf/af6 a'em]sf]tLtf] ;To oxL xf] . o;nfO{ gpN6\ofOsgxfdL /fli6«o :jfledfg / ;Dk|e'tfsf s'/fug{ ;Sb}gf}+ . xfd|f Ph]08faf/] ax; ug'{k"j{xfdLn] xfd|f ;f]Rg] / sfd ug]{ tl/sfnfO{;'wfg}{kg]{ x'G5 . b]z, hgtf, :jfledfg,;Dk|e'tf, /fli6«o lxt / cfjZostfsfk|fyldstfaf/] g} g;f]Rg]x?n] ug]{ lst]{ ax;/ gSsnL Ph]08fx?sf] s'g} cy{ /xG5eGg] xfdLnfO{ nfUb}g .
ef/t;Fu b'OkIfLo lxtsf cfwf/df;Demf}tf ubf{ vf;u/L kfgL / lah'nL;DaGwdf ;Demf}tf ubf{ ef/tLo afFwsf sf/0feO/x]sf] g]kfnL 8'afg ;d:of, sf]zL, u08s/ zf/bf afFwjfkt lbg] elgPs} kfgL gkfPsf]l:ylt, afFw / t6aGwaf/] ef/tsf] u}/lhDd]jf/Jojxf/x?df ;'wf/ xfd|f k"j{k|:tfj aGg;Sg'kb{5 . To;kl5 PskIfLo nfesfcfwf/df ePsf ;a} ;Demf}tfx?df g]kfn7luPsf] l:ylt ;Rofpg ;xdlt tyfsfof{Gjogdf kxn x'g'kg]{ x'G5 . xfd|f] e"lddfaUg] gbLgfnfdf xfd|f] :jfldTj sfod /xg]l:ylt aGg'kb{5 . o;afx]s ;Ldf ljjfb,Jofkf/ tyf kf/udg–kf/jxgsf ;jfndfef/t ;sf/fTds 9+un] k|:t't x'g ;Sg'kb{5 .
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olta ]nf ef/tnfO { cfjZoslah'nLsf] lg/Gt/ cfk"lt{ /gj] l/e/k|f]h]S6af6 dfq ;Dej 5}g . To;}n]hnf;oo'St cfof]hgfx?sf] rrf{eO/x ]sf ] 5 . e ] / L tyf sdnf8fOe;{gsf s'/f pRr afFw hf]lvd sdug{ p7]sf s'/f x'g\ . t/ o;n] k"j{tyf klZrd t/fOsf l;+rfO ;d:of xnug{ ;S5 / o;af6 lah'nL klg k|z:tpTkfbg x'G5 . t/, sf]zL tyf s0ff{nLsfpRr afFw kl/of]hgfaf6 k|fKt x'g] yk /lg/Gt/ hnk|jfxaf6 g]kfn / ef/tdfslt l;+rfO Ifdtf a9\5 ef/tn]g]kfnaf6 s'n slt kfgL k|fKt ug{;S5 < To:tf] kfgLdf g]kfnL :jfldTjs;/L JoSt x'G5 < / o;n] g]kfnnfO{s] kmfObf lbG5 < of] ljifodf g]kfndfrrf{ / cWoog cg';Gwfgsf sfd ug{w]/} l9nf eO;s]sf] 5 . lgotk"j{sef/tsf] bnfnL ug] {x?nfO{ 5f]8]/cfkm"nfO{ b]zest eGg]x?sf ;d]t d"t{,7f]; / ;r]t kxnsbdLsf] cefjdf…ef/tlj/f]wLÚsf] 6\ofu af]s]/ lx8\g]afx]spknlAwd'ns sfd x'g ;ls/x]sf 5}gg\ .
xfd|f] kfgL / ljB't Ifdtf v]/ uO/xg]/ ef/tn] lg/Gt/ cefj em]ln/xg]kl/ l:yltdf ef/tLo bafacfjZostfeGbf a9L a9\g ;Sg] / em]Ngkg]{ l:ylt klg cfpg ;S5 . To;}n]o;k6ssf] df]bL e|d0f / To;k"j{ ;DkGgx'g] ;+o'St a}7saf6 kfgL / lah'nL b'j}a]Rg kfpg]–lsGg'kg]{ ;fy} ef/tåf/f k}bful/Psf 8 'afg ;d:of , ;Ldfcltqmd0fnufotsf Hofbltk"0f{ sfo{;Rofpg ljutsf c;dfg ;lGwx?k'g/fjnf]sg u/L b'OkIfLo lxtsf cfwf/df;DkGg ug{, Gofok"0f{ tyf ;Ddfghgs;fem]bf/L sfod ug{ cfwf/x? tof/ kfg{;lsof] eg] g]kfn–ef/t ;DaGwdf of]a}7s / of] e|d0f Pp6f sf]z]9'ª\uf aGg;Snf . ck]Iff u/f}+, g]kfnsf] tkm{af6o;k6s bf;tf / bfbflul/ xf]Og ;dfg;Dk|e'tf ;DkGg ldq /fi6«sf] cfr/0f k|:t'tx'g]5 / o;nfO{ ef/t kIfn] klg;Ddfgk"j{s lng]5 . xfdL kfgL lah'nLa]r]/ ;DkGg aGg ;Sg]5f}+ . q
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pkef]Qmfx? ;w}+ ;r]t x'g'k5{ .ljz]if u/]/ rf8kj{sf] a]nfdfpkef]Qmf / Joj;foLaLr ljleGgvfn];d:of pTkGg ePsf] xfdLn] ljutdfklg va/ ;'g]sf xf}+ . o; cjlwdfld7fOsf kl/sf/x?df /ª tyfcfsif{s agfOg] ePsfn] cvfB j:t'k/]sf] x'g ;S5 . cfd pkef]Qmfx?n]cfkm\gf] :jf:YonfO{ ljz]if Wofg lbgh?/L 5 . Joj;foLx?df klg lgot/fd|f] x'Fbfx'Fb} c~hfgaz s]xLsdLsdhf]/L ePsf] x'g ;S5 .hfgsf/Lsf] cefjdf vfgfsfkl/sf/x?df cvfB j:t'sf] k|of]uePsf] x'g ;S5 . o;df pkef]Qmf /Joj;foL ;r]t x'g'k5{ . rf8kj{sf]a]nfdf dfq xf]Og aif{sf] tLg ;o ^%lbg g} pkef]Qmfx? o; ljifodfrgfvf] x'g h?/L 5 .
rf8kj{sf] a]nfdf cln a9L cvfBj:t'sf] k|of]u ePsf] ;'lgG5 lg <
x'g t ;w}+ o:tf s'/fx?cfpF5g\ . t/, rf8kj{sf] ;dodfcln a9L laqmL, lat/0f x'g] /vfgfsf kl/sf/x?, ld7fOsf] k|of]ux'g] ePsfn] o:tf va/ cfPsf x'g\ .s]xL Joj;foLx?af6 sdhf]/L ePsf]klg xf]nf . t/ slxn]sfxL+ Pp6fJoj;foLn] u/]sf] sdhf]/LnfO{ x]/]/;a} Joj;foLsf] d"Nofª\sg ug'{x'Fb}g .
rf8kj{sf] a]nfdf Joj;foLx? g} s[lqdcefj ;[hgf u/]/ sfnfahf/L u5{g\elgG5 t <
o;/L ;a} Joj;foLnfO{ Pp6}b[li6n] x]g'{x'Fb}g . o;sf nflu sf]Joj;foL s:tf] xf] eg]/ cfd pkef]Qmf/ ;r]t tKsfn] a'em\g'k5{ . o;/Lsfnf]ahf/L ug]{x?nfO{ xfdLn]lg?T;flxt ug'{k5{ . k|zf;gn] klgo:tf s'/fdf Wofg lbg'k5{ . xfdLpBf]u jfl0fHo ;+3sf] tkm{af6 klg
Joj;foLx?nfO{ o:tf g/fd|f sfd gug{;'NemfO/x]sf x'G5f}+ .ev{/} pBf]u jfl0fHo ;+3sf] 6f]nLsf7df8f}+df 8]lnu]zg uP/ kmls{of],8]lnu]zgsf] k|d'v p2]Zo s] lyof] <
xfdL ah]6 cfpg'sf] k"j{;GWofdfsf7df8f}+ uPsf] xf}+ . rfn" cf=a=sf]ah]hdf bfªsf] ljsf;df s'g} g s'g}9+un] ah]6 k/f];\ eGg] xfd|f] ck]Ifflyof] . bfªdf ;efu[x, cfBf]lus If]q,t'n;Lk'/–;'v]{t ;8s, ;lxbdfu{, 6l/ufpFljdfg:ynnufotsf cGo ljsf;lgdf{0fsf sfdnfO{ kof{Kt ah]6 pknAw
xf];\ eGg] xfd|f] ck]Iff lyof] . o;ljifodf ljefuLo dGqLx?;Fu \klg5nkmn eof] . pxfFx? ;sf/fTdsb]lvg'eof] .o; jif{sf] ah]6n] tkfO{+x?sf] ck]IffslQsf] k"/f u¥of] <
/fHon] h'g lsl;daf6 /fKtLnfO{x]l/g' kb{Yof] Tof] xfdLn] kfpg ;s]sf5}gf}+ . ;lxb dfu{ cfof]hgfafx]s cGos'g} klg 7"nf cfof]hgdf /fHon] Wofglbg ;s]g . If]qLo ljdfg:ynsf nflubfª pko'Qm If]q xf] . o;sf nfluah]6dfkm{t\ s]xL g s]xL af]lng'kYof{],
pkef]Qmf / Joj;foLaLr;dGjo x'g'k5{
Tof] x'g ;s]g . ;du|df ;fgfJoj;foLsf] kIfdf klg vf;}pknlAwd'ns sfo{qmd cfpg ;s]gg\ .cWoIfdf lgjf{lrt ePkl5 tkfO{sfk|fyldstfx? s] x'g\ <
Jofj;flos Pstf g} xfd|f] klxnf]k|fyldstf xf] . xfdLn] ut zlgaf/ g}Pp6f a}7s u/]sf 5f}+ . Tof] a}7sdfkm{t\Pp6f ;ldlt agfPsf 5f}+ . Joj;foLx?aLr Pstf sfod ub}{ Ifdtf clej[l4u/]/ cfkm\gf] Joj;fo bIf agfpg ;sf];\eGg] xfd|f] ck]Iff xf] .
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cfd pkef]Qmfx?sf] rfxgf / ck]Iff k"/fug{ ;Sg'k5{ . bfªnfO{ cfly{s?kdfljsf; ug{sf] nflu Jofj;floss]Gb|ljGb'sf] ?kdf :yflkt ug'{k5{ .bfªnfO{ klZrd g]kfns} cfly{ss]Gb|laGb' agfpg xfdLn] kxn ug]{ 5f}+ .xfd|f] kxn k"0f{ x'G5 eGg] xf]Og . of]cleofgdf xfdLn] cjZo klg s]xL OF§fyKg]5f}+ . sfo{ z'?jft xfdLn] ug]{5f}+ .clxn] g} bfªnfO{ klZrd g]kfns}s]Gb|ljGb' eGbf cgf}7f] nfUg ;S5 . t/,eljiodf of] cjZo} x'g]5 . xfd|f] tLgaif]{ sfo{sfndf ;a} x'G5 eGg] xf]Og .o;df ljsf;;Fu ;DalGw rf;f] /fVg]
;a} lgsfon] Wofg lbg h?/L 5 .bfªnfO{ ko{6sLo lx;fan] cl3
a9fpg' k5{ . o;n] csf]{ Joj;flosIf]qsf] ljsf; ug]{5 . ko{6g ljsf;sfnflu sfo{qmdx? cl3 a9fpg' k5{ .xl/ofnL bfª / km"n}km"nsf] ;x/ agfpg'k5{ . o;n] jftfj/0f ;Gt'ng sfodug'{sf ;fy} ko{6g k|j4{gdf ;xof]uk'¥ofpg]5 . x'g t ko{6g k|a4{gsf nfluof] dfq} sf/s xf]Og . cfoh{g j[l4 ug{e"ldsf v]Ng ;S5 . o;sf nflu xfd|f]sfo{sfndf s]xL xb;Dd sfd x'g]5 .;+:yfnfO{ Jojl:yt ?kdf cl3 a9fpgsf]nflu cfly{s?kdf alnof] x'g h?/L 5 .
Tof] cfly{s ;|f]t h'6fpg xfdLn] kxnug]{5f}+ .
ljutb]lv g} z'? ul/Psf] ;efu[xlgdf{0fsf] sfdnfO{ ;fy{stf k|bfg ug{xfdLn] ljz]if kxn ug]{ 5f}+ . /fHosf]tkm{af6 klg rfn" cfly{s aif{sf] ah]6dfkm{t x/]s lgjf{rg If]qdf Pp6f v]nd}bfg agfpg] eg]/ . 3f]/fxLdf Pp6fljzfn d]nf dxf]T;j ug{ ;Sg] vfnsf]v]ns'bdf klg k|of]u ug{] ;fj{hlgshldgsf] cfjZostf 5 . xfdL hldgvf]Hg kxn ug]{5f}+ .
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xfdLn] klg Wofg lbPs} 5f}+ . t/,t'n;Lk'/ pBf]u jfl0fHo ;+3n] o;sf]g]t[Tj lnPsf] 5 . xfldn] ;xof]uLe"ldsf lgjf{x ul//x]sf 5f}+ . Pp6}ljifodf b'Oj6f pBf]u ;+3 cl3 a9\g]eGg] x'Fb}g . o;df xfd|f] ;xof]uLe"ldsf /xG5 .
xfdLn] ljsf;sf nflu t'n;Lk'/,3f]/fxL jf b]pv'/L eg]/ ljjfbug'{x'Fb}g . lhNnfsf h'g 7fpFdf ePklg ljsf; eg]sf] ;sf/fTds sfdxf] . ljdfg:yn ;'rf? ePkl5 To;sf]kmfObf t'n;Lk'/jf;Ln] dfq xf]Og ;du|/fKtL c~rnn] lng;S5 .
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;a}eGbf t d]/f] larf/ /fVg]cj;/ k|bfg u/]sf]df gf}nf] hgpef/;fKtflxsnfO{ wGojfb 1fkg ug{rfxG5' .
d}n] ljutb]lv g} Joj;foLx? aLrefjgfTds Pstfsf] s'/f p7fPsf] 5' .Joj;foLx? aLr efjgfTds Pstfgx'Fbf;Dd xfdLn] cfkm\gf] ck]Iffcg';f/ sfd ug{ ;Sb}gf}+ .
bfªsf] ;du| ljsf;sf nflu o;If]qsf ;a} kIfn] ;xof]u ug'{k5{ ./fHo jf pBf]u jfl0fHo ;+3n] rfx]/dfq k'Ub}g . bfª klZrd g]kfns}cfly{s s]Gb|ljGb' aGg ;Sg] cfwf/x?k|z:t 5g\ . o;sf nflu ;a}eGbfklxn] xfdLn] k"jf{wf/ lgdf{0fdf Wofglbg'k5{ . k"jf{wf/sf] ljsf; ljgf cGoljsf; lgdf{0fsf] sfd ug{ ;lsb}g .
lhNnfdf ;fgf tyf 7"nf pBf]uwGbfx? v'ln/x]sf 5g\ . tL pBf]ux?sf]k|j4{g ug'{ xfd|f] bfloTj klg xf] . ;fy}gofF cfpg] pBf]ux?sf nflu xfdLn]nufgL d}qL jftfj/0f tof/ ug'{k5{ .
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Joj;foLx?df klg lgot /fd|f] x'Fbfx'Fb} c~hfgaz s]xL sdLsdhf]/L ePsf] x'g;S5 . hfgsf/Lsf] cefjdf vfgfsf kl/sf/x?df cvfB j:t'sf] k|of]u ePsf] x'g;S5 . o;df pkef]Qmf / Joj;foL ;r]t x'g'k5{ . rf8kj{sf] a]nfdf dfq xf]Ogaif{sf] # ;o ^% lbg g} pkef]Qmfx? o; ljifodf rgfvf] x'g h?/L 5 .
ca Joj;foLn] cfkm\gf] dfq xf]Og cfd pkef]Qmfx?sf] rfxgf / ck]Iff k"/f ug{;Sg'k5{ . bfªnfO{ cfly{s?kdf ljsf; ug{sf] nflu Jofj;flos s]Gb|ljGb'sf] ?kdf:yflkt ug'{k5{ . bfªnfO{ klZrd g]kfns} cfly{s s]Gb|laGb' agfpg xfdLn] kxnug]{ 5f}+ .
ljutb]lv g} z'? ul/Psf] ;efu[x lgdf{0fsf] sfdnfO{ ;fy{stf k|bfg ug{ xfdLn]ljz]if kxn ug]{ 5f}+ .
t'n;Lk'/ . 3f]uf nfUg] ;dodf ds}sfaf]6 ;'Sg yfn]kl5 klZrd bfªsfls;fgx? lrlGtt ag]sf 5g\ . ds}df km]bs'lxg] / kft cf]OnfP/ ;'Sg] /f]u nfu]kl5To;af6 klZrd kjggu/sf sl/a rf/;o ls;fgx? k|efljt x'g k'u]sf x'g\ .Ps xKtfcl3 s]xL af]6x?df b]lvPsf] ;f]/f]un] clxn] b'O ;o lj3f hldgsf]ds}nfO{ ;+qmd0f u/L nfvf}+ ?k}ofsf] Iflt
k'¥ofO;s]sf] 5 . kjggu/ uflj;sf 5f]§],eds], b]jL:yfg, ;'gk'/nufotsf ds}dfkm}lnPsf] /f]un] dxfdf/Lsf] ?k lnPsf] 5 .
ds}df /f]usf] dxfdf/L b]lvPkl5;f]daf/ s[lif ljsf; sfof{no bfªaf6Pp6f 6f]nL kjggu/ k'uL ds}df nfu]sf]/f]usf af/]df a'em]sf] lyof] . s[lif ljsf;sfof{nosf k|;f/ clws[t e/tdl0fkf]v|]nsf] g]t[Tjdf uPsf] 6f]nLn] ds}sf]
lgl/If0f u/L /f]usf cj:yfsf] af/]dfa'em]sf] lyof] . ds}df nfu]sf] /f]usf]lgSof]{n ug{ g]kfnuGh k|of]uzfnfdfkl/If0fsf nflu k7fO;lsPsf] / /f]ulgoGq0fsf nflu d+unaf/b]lv g} ljiffbL5ls{g sd{rf/Lx? k7fO;lsPsf] hfgsf/Ls[lif k|;f/ clws[t e/tdl0f kf]v]|nn]lbg'eof] . ca pkrf/ ug]{ eg]sf] /f]un]ge]§fPsf ds}nfO{ dfq /x]sf] eGb} /f]uL
ds}nfO{ pkrf/ u/]/ arfpg g;lsg] s[lifsfof{no /f]u lgoGq0f zfvfsf lbuDa/ofbjn] atfpg' eof] . s[lifaf6 k|dfl0ftu/L ;"rLs[t gul/Psf] /f]uL aLpsf] k|of]uof df6f]sf] ;d:ofsf sf/0f o:tf] /f]unfUg ;Sg] pxfFn] jtfpg' eof] .
s[lif ljsf; sfof{non] xfOa]|6hftsf aLpx?sf] k|of]u gug{ ;'emfj lbPklg kjggu/sf ls;fgx?n] t'n;Lk'/sf
ljleGg Pu|f]e]6af6 sGrg, /fhs'df/,/fdk'/ sDkf]lh6 hftsf xfOa]|6 ds}sf]aLp nufPsf lyP . /f]u ;+qmldt gePsf]ds}nfO{ ljiffbLsf] k|of]u u/]/ arfpg;lsg] eP klg pTkfbgdf eg] sdL cfpg]b]lvPsf] 5 . ut ;f]daf/ If]q g+= % sf;ef;b\ lbks lu/L;lxtsf] Ps 6f]nLn]/f]u nfu]sf] ds} af/Ldf k'uL hfgsf/LlnPsf] lyof] .
ds}df /f]usf] dxfdf/L, kjggu/sf ls;fg lrGtfdf
æTof]6\ofª\sLsf] kfgLs;}n] gvfcf]x} .Æ ¿k]zn];fyLx?nfO{r]tfjgL lbb}eGof] .
æs:tf]ltvf{ nfu]sf] 5Û lsg6\ofª\sLsf] kfgL
lsg gvfg] < kfgLdf r/fn] la:6fPsf] 5ls <Æ ;ldtfn] ;f]wL .
æeg t ¿k]z xfdLn] lsg Tof] kfgLgvfg] <Æ :jl:tsf, cr{gf, lgd{nf, xl/,Zofd ;a} ;fyLx?n] Ps} :j/df ;f]w] .
?k]zn] dlt/ x]b}{ s]xL eGg vf]Hof] . t/eGg ;s]g .
¿k]z sIffdf d]/f] ;aeGbf ldNg] ;fyLxf] . t/ cfh lsg p;n] o:tf] Jojxf/ul//x]sf] 5 < d}n] a'‰g ;lsgF .
æltvf{n] 3fF6L ;'ls;Sof] . KnLh ¿k]zeg t lsg xfdLn] 6\ofª\sLsf] kfgLgvfg] <Æ ;ldtfn] cg'/f]w u/L .
;fyLx?n] cTofPkl5 ?k]znfO{ af]Ngs/ nfUof] . p;sf] lhpdf lr6\lr6\ kl;gfcfpg yfNof] . p;n] x8\a8fpFb} eGof],æTof] . Tof] 6\ofª\sLsf] kfgL cldtn]5f]Psf] 5 .Æ
?k]zsf] s'/f ;'g]/ ;a} ;fyLx? xfF;] .æs] s] g} eP5 eg]sf] t cldtn] 5f]Psf]5 /] ÛÆ cr{gfn] egL .
æcldt t xfd|} sIffsf] ;fyL xf] .To;df klg ;aeGbf a9L t tF ;Fu ldNg];fyL xf] . lsg grflxg] s'/f u/]/ xfdLnfO{cndnfPsf] . 76\6f ug]{ c¿ ljifo kfOg;\ls Sof xf] ¿k]z < ;ldtfn] l/;fpFb} egL .
ælxhf];Dd 3/af6 NofPsf] vfhf klgPs} 7fpFdf ld;fP/ vfg] . h'7f] rf]vf] s]xLgeGg] < cfh tFnfO{ PsfPs s] ef] <cldtn] 5f]Psf] kfgL vfg x'Gg kf] eG5;\t < st} tF ax'nfpg t ax'nfOg;\ <Ælgd{nfn] ¿k]znfO{ emsemsfpFb} egL .
æxf] . cldt d]/f] ;aeGbf ldNg] ;fyLxf] . dnfO{ p;n] k9fOdf Psbd w]/} ;xof]uu/]sf] 5 . t/ ===.Æ
æt/ s] lg < clg s:n] eGof] tFnfO{cldtn] 5f]Psf] kfgL vfg x'Gg eg]/ <Æ:jl:tsfn] ;f]wL .
¿k]zn] cf]7 sdfpFb} eGof], æof] ;a}s'/f d]/f xh'/afn] eGg'ePsf] xf] . pxfFkl08t x'g'x'G5 .Æ
æclg kl08t eP/ klg lsg To:tf] s'/fug'{ePsf] lg <Æ cr{gfn] 5Ss kb}{ ;f]wL .
æp;sf] Gjf/fg ePsf] 5}g /] . Gjf/fggePsf] dfG5]sf] hft x'Fb}g /] . clg To:tf]dfG5]n] 5f]Psf] vfg x'Gg /] . xh'/afn]eGg'ePsf] .Æ olt eg]/ ¿k]zn] 3f]K6f] k/]/lemFhfn] e'O{+ sf]6\ofpg yfNof] .
æP xf] / < cldtsf] Gjf/fg ePsf] 5}g/] . oqf] x'Fbf klg Gjf/fg gePsf] <Ælgd{nf, :jl:tsf, ;ldtf / cr{gfafx]sc¿ ;a} hgf ;fyLx?n] Ps} :j/df eg] .
æGjf/fg gePsf] s]6f ÛÆ eGb} dnfO{lh:SofpFb} ;a} hgf sIffsf]7fdf k;] .
kfgLsf] 6\ofª\sL cufl8 :jl:tsf,lgd{nf, ;ldtf, cr{gf / d dfq afFsLeof}+ . s]xL ;do t xfdLn] d'vfd'v dfqu¥of}+ . sf]xL af]Ng ;s]gf}+ .
ToxfF afFsL ePsf ;fyLx?n] vf;v';s'/f ug{ yfn] . æGjf/fg eg]sf] s] xf] <ÆGjf/fg gu/] s] x'G5 <Æ
d]/f] dg kf]Ng yfNof] . 6fpsf] b'v]/ km'6\nfh:tf] eof] . ;fyLx?l;t af]Ng klg dgnfu]g . sIffsf]7fdf gk;L d l;w} 3/ cfPF .
æa'afcfdfn] d]/f] Gjf/fg lsg ug'{
ePg <Æ dnfO{ l/; klg p7]sf] lyof] .a'afcfdf a/G8fdf x'g'x'GYof] . a'afsf]
cg'xf/ b]Vbf d]/f] eSsfgf] 5'6\of] . d 8fFsf]5f8]/ ?g yfn]+ .
crfgs dnfO{ /f]Psf] b]v]/ a'afcfdfb'j} hgf cflQg'eof] .
æx}g s] eof] cldtnfO{ < s;}n] lk6\of]ls <Æ
dnfO{ a'afcfdf b'j}n] w]/} dfofug'{x'GYof] . d klg b'j}hgfnfO{ dfof uy]{F . t/To:tf] dfof ug]{ a'afcfdfn] d]/f] Gjf/fglsg ug'{ePg < Gjf/fg gul/lbPsf]n] cfhd]/f] 7"nf] a]OHht eof] Û
emf]nf kmfn]/ d ;/f;/ sf]7fdf uPF /cf]5\ofgdf kN6]+ . l;/sleq d'v 5f]k]/ w]/}a]/ /f]PF . dnfO{ k9\g, vfg, v]Ng s]xL ug{klg dg nfu]g .
s]xL a]/kl5 a'af sf]7fdf cfpg'eof] .d]/f] cf]5\ofg a;]/ d]/f] skfn d';fg{yfNg'eof] . æd]/f] Gjf/fg lsg gug'{ePsf] <Æa'af;Fu ;f]Wg vf]Hb} lyPF . t/ cfF6 cfPg .d}n] leQflt/ kms{b} eg]+, æd ca slxNo}:s'n hfGg .Æ
d]/f] s'/f ;'g]/ a'af 5Ss kg'{eof] . pxfFn]xtfl/b} ;f]Wg'eof], ælsg afa' < :s'n lsgghfg] < s;}n] ltdLnfO{ ufnL u¥of] ls <Æ
…d}n] 5f]Psf] kfgL :s'ndf s;}n] klggvfg] /] ÛÚ o:tf] s'/f a'afnfO{ s;/L eGg] <
d}n] eg]+, æa'af, Gjf/fg eg]sf] s] xf] <Æd]/f] k|Zg ;'g]kl5 a'afnfO{ d /f]Psf]
sf/0f yfxf ePh:tf] nfUof] . pxfFn] dnfO{sfvdf /fVg'eof] / eGg'eof], æafa', aRrfhGd]kl5 gfd /fVgsf] nflu Gjf/fg ul/G5afa' .Æ a'afn] eGg'eof] .
æclg tkfO{+n] lsg d]/f] Gjf/fggul/lbPsf] t < Gjf/fg gu/]sf] dfG5]n]5f]Psf] vfg x'Gg /] lg .Æ d}n] u'gf;f] kf]v]+ .
ca eg] a'afn] d /f]Psf] sf/0f kSs}klg yfxf kfpg'eof] . pxfFn] d]/f] ufnf d';fb}{eGg'eof], æs;n] eGof] o:tf] s'/f < Gjf/fglsg u5{g\ yfxf 5 < afnssf] gfd /fVgGjf/fg ul/G5 . cfˆgf 5f]/f5f]/Lsf] gfd s]/fVg] eGg] cfdfafa', xh'/af xh'/cfdfsf]v';Lsf] s'/f xf] . ltdL t hGdg] lalQs}xh'/cfdf olQ w]/} v';L x'g'eof] ls ltdLnfO{sfvdf lnFb} DjfO vfFb} ltd|f] gfd cldt/flvlbg'eof] . ltdLnfO{ xh'/cfdfn]/flvlbPsf] gfd dg k/]sf] 5}g / <Æ
dnfO{ t d]/f] gfd ;fx|} dg k5{ . o;}n]eg], ælsg dg gkg'{ < :s'ndf d]/f] h:tf]gfd c? s;}sf] 5}g . t/ gfd h'/fpg] sfdt kl08tn] u5{ /] lg . ?k]zsf] xh'/afsf]sfd oxL xf] /] .Æ
æltdLn] dxfslj nIdLk|;fb b]jsf]6fsf]gfd ;'g]sf] xf]nf, pgn] n]v]sf sljtf klgk9]sf] xf]nf < kl08tn] t pgsf] gfdnIdLk|;fb h'/fO lbPsf lyP . t/ pgn]hLjgel/ ul/aL / cefjdf afFRg'k¥of] .l5d]sdf a:g] u'?k|;fbn] slQ klg k9]sf]5}g . a'l4k|;fbsf] a'l4 g} 5}g . kl08tn]gfd h'/fP/ /fd|f] x'g] eP o:tf] x'Fb}gYof] .Æa'afn] eGg'eof] .
æTo;f] eP lsg t cfh dnfO{ Gjf/fggu/]sf] eg]/ d}n] 5f]Psf] kfgL gvfg]eGof] <Æ d}n] ;f]w]+ .
æP, To;}n] ltdL :s'n hfGg eg]sf] <Ææ?k]zsf] xh'/afn] eGg'ePsf] /] Gjf/fg
gePsf] dflg;n] 5f]Psf] vfg x'Gg /] . d}n]5f]Psf] kfgL gvfg] /] . d t :s'n hfGg .Æ
æ?k]zsf] xh'/afn] ;a}sf] a'l4 e'6]h:tf]5 . cfhsf] hdfgfdf o:tf] cfwf/ gePsf]s'/fdf ljZjf; ug'{ x'Fb}g . of] t kl08tx?n];f]emf l;wfnfO{ cGwljZjf;sf] hfndf kf/]/cfˆgf] k]6 eg]{ af6f] agfPsf] xf] .Æ
a'afsf ;a} s'/f d}n] a'‰g ;lsgF . pxfFcln l/;fpg' ePh:tf] nfUof] . pxfFn] cln
:s'ndf Ps lbg
7"nf] :j/n] eGg yfNg'eof], æoL km6fxfx?Gjf/fg, >f4, ;Ktfx, k'/f0f, o1 u/] wd{ x'G5eGb} b'Mv u/]/ sdfPsf] ;DklQ n'6\gkNs]sf 5g\ .Æ
æd]/f] Gjf/fg To;}n] gug'{ ePsf] xf]afaf <Æ d}n] lj:tf/} a'af;Fu ;f]w]+ .
pxfFn] eGg'eof], æltdLnfO{ yfxf 5 ltdLc:ktfndf hGd]sf lyof} . To;a]nf ltdL /ltd|L cfdfnfO{ :ofxf/ ;';f/ ug]{ sf]xL klglyPg . ToxfF ePsf] Pp6f g/dfOnf] 36gfn]ubf{ dnfO{ ltd|f] Gjf/fg ug{ dg nfu]g .Æ
æs] ePsf] lyof] afaf < eGg';\ g .Æa'afn] la;]{sf] s'/f ;Dem]h:t} ub}{ eGg'eof],
æc:ktfndf ;of}+ ;'Ts]/L lyP . tL ;'Ts]/LdWo]Pp6L kl08tsL a'xf/L lyOg\ . dlxgf gk'Ub}ck/];g u/]/ aRrf lgsflnPsf] /x]5 . cfdf;fx|} sdhf]/ lyOg\ . aRrfnfO{ arfpg l;;fsf]3/leq /flvPsf] lyof] . ;'Ts]/Lsf ;;'/f lgSs}s6\6/ kl08t /x]5g\ . pgn] gfltnfO{ 3/df nu]/Gjf/fg u/fpF5' eg]/ l9kL s;] . 8fS6/n] x'Fb}geGbfeGb} klg pgn] dfg]gg\ .Æ
æc:ktfnd} Gjf/fg u/fP x'g] lyPg /afaf <Æ d}n] ;f]w]+ .
æklxnf] gflt ePsf]n] 3/d} nu]/w'dwfd;Fu Gjf/fg u5'{ . ufpFsf ;a}nfO{ ef]hVjfpF5' eGb} lyP . pgn] 8fS6/sf] s'/fdfg]gg\ . ;'Ts/L a'xf/L / gfltnfO{ la/fdLaf]Sg] :6]«r/df af]sfP/ 3/lt/ nfu] .Æ
æclg s] eof] afaf <Æ dnfO{ v'a}hfGg dg nfUof] .
æs] x'g' lyof] / . cfwf af6f] gk'Ub};'Ts]/L a]xf];\ eO5g\ . aRrfn] klg ;f; km]g{5f8]5 . clg t kl08t / pgsf kl/jf/ ?Fb}c:ktfn kms]{ lg .Æ
a'afsf] s'/f ;'g]/ dnfO{ ;fx|} g/dfOnf]nfUof] . d]/f] Gjf/fg gePsf]df dnfO{ s'g}b'Mv nfu]g . t/ ef]ln s;/L :s'n hfg]xf]nf eGg] ;d:of t 5Fb} lyof] . d}n] a'af;Fu;f]w]+, æo:tf] s'/f t xfd|f] :s'nsf] ;/ /ld;nfO{ klg yfxf 5 xf]nf lg .Æ
æltd|f] sIffsf]7fdf ePsf] s'/f pxfFx?n]yfxf gkfPsf] klg x'g;S5 . ltdLn] lk/gn]pm . ca ;'t . ef]ln d klg ltdL;Fu}:s'n hfG5' / ;/ / ld;x?;Fu s'/f u5'{ .Æ
a'afsf s'/f ;'g]kl5 d]/f] dg klg xn'ª\uf]eof] . a'af klg d]/f] cf]5\ofgdf lgbfpg'eP5 .
:s'ndf ;fyLx?sf] d'v s;/L x]g]{ xf]nfeGg] lk/ kl//x]sf] lyof] . t/ xfdL :s'nk'Ubf k|fy{gf ;s]/ ;a} hgf sIffsf]7fdfuO;s]sf /x]5g\ . a'afn] dnfO{ cfk"m;Fu}x]8;/sf] sf]7fdf n}hfg'eof] .
x]8;/sf] sf]7fdf lj1fg ;/ / c? klgx'g'x'GYof] . x]8;/n] lxhf] dk|lt d]/f;fyLx?n] u/]sf] Jojxf/sf nflu dfkmLdfUg'eof] / eGg'eof], æslxn]sfxL+ o:tf] untljrf/n] b'Mv lbG5 . ca o:tf] x'Fb}g .Æ
x]8;/n] dlt/ kms]{/ eGg'eof], æcldt,d}n] ltd|f ;fyLx?nfO{ ;DemfO;s]sf] 5' .ca km]l/ o:tf] eof] eg] dnfO{ eg . hfpmltdL sIff sf]7fdf uP x'G5 .Æ
d 8/fO–8/fO sIffsf]7fdf uPF . sf]7fdfk:g]lalQs} ?k]z d]/f] cufl8 cfof] / d]/fb'a} xft ;dft]/ dfkmL dfUb} eGof], ædnfO{dfkm u/ cldt . xh'/afsf] s'/fdf nfu]/ d}n]ltd|f] lrQ b'vfPF . lj1fg ;/n] dnfO{ ;a}s'/f ;Demfpg' eof] . ldNg] ;fyL ;Dem]/Psk6snfO{ dfkm u/ .Æ
p;sf] o:tf] Jojxf/ b]v]/ d t 5Ssk/]+ . s]xL af]Ng} ;lsgF . s'g a]nf / s;/Ld}n] ?k]znfO{ cFufnf]df s;]+ dnfO{ g} yfxfePg . ;fyLx?n] tfnL ahfPsf] ;'g]kl5 d}n]cfk"mnfO{ ;Dxfn]+ . dnfO{ 9f]sfdf pleP/afafn] x]l//xg' ePsf] lyof] . ;/ / ld;x?klg v';Ln] d':sfO/xg' ePsf] lyof] .
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;'g, d ltdL;Fu s'/f ub}{5'
jiff}{+b]lv b]lv/x]5'Pp6f cgf}7f] k|j[lQ
b]lv/x]5'o;sf] efG;fsf] 8f8'/ sf]7fsf] emf8' klg ltdL
b]lv/x]5'o;sf] esf/Lsf] wfg/ e'F8Lsf] ;fg klg ltdL
b]lv/x]5'o;sf] 3f]8fsf] ;fgL/ x'Ssfsf] kfgL klg ltdLo;sf] z/L/sf] dfln;/ h'Qfsf] kfln; klg ltdL
b]lv/x]5'o;sf] /y tfGg] 3f]8f/ g'xfpFbf k|of]u x'g] nf]6f klg ltdLo;sf] km'lt{sf] s';L{/ s';L{sf] km'lt{ klg ltdL
b]lv/x]5'o;sf] xltof/df wf/ rflx+bf;fg 9'ª\uf] klg ltdLo;sf] Jofkf/df ;f/ rflx+bfsf];]9'ª\uf] klg ltdLhf8f]df Gofgf] rflx+bfpmg kmnfpg] e]8f] klg ltdLudL{df lr;f] rflx+bfkª\vf xDsg] s]6f] klg ltdL
b]lv/x]5'o;sf] t kfn klg ltdLo;sf] t dfn klg ltdLo;sf] t cf}sft klg ltdLo;sf] t ;f}uft klg ltdL
b]lv/x]5'o;sf] kf6L{sf] sfo{stf{ klg ltdLo;sf] xtf{stf{nfO{ ;nfd 7f]Sg] klg ltdL;a} ;a} ltdLca Pp6} yf]s afFsL 5o;sf] dnfdL klg ltdL
;'g, d ltdL;Fu s'/f ub}{5' .@)&) efb|
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@klxn] h] n'sfpFy] clxn] Tof] b]vfpF5g\oL dfG5]n] klg s] s] lgx'F agfpF5g\ ÛchLj nfU5, dflnsn] j:q km'sfn]kl5nfh dfGb} hgfj/n] n'uf nufpF5g\ .
#slxNo} k'/f gx'g] cfz s'l//G5 g]kfnLclg ;'v} ;'vsf] /fz s'l//G5 g]kfnLd'Unfgaf6 5f]/fsf] cz'e va/ cfPsf] 5s7} ;f; xf] jf nf; Û s'l//G5 g]kfnL .
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kqsfl/tfaf6 k"0f{?kdf ;Gt'i65' . o;df c;Gt'i6 x'g'kg]{ s'/fs]xL 5}g . d}n] kqsfl/tfsf !#aif{ lgs} pknlAwd"ns ?kdflatfPsf] 5' . d}n] hLjgdfkfPsf] yf]/} v'zL / ;Gt'li6dWo]clwsf+z efu kqsfl/tfd} 5 .
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kqsfl/tf laNs'n /x/ xf] .o;df s'g} afWotf 5}g .kqsfl/tf dfq} xf]Og s'g} klgk]zf afWotfn] ug'{ x'Fb}g .afWotfn] ul/g] k]zfdf ;Gt'li6x'Fb}g, sfddf u'0f:t/ x'Fb}g . /x/}/x/df ul/g] k]zfdf g} ;Gt'li6ldN5 . hLjg ;'vL x'G5 .
tkfO{+nfO{ s:tf] vfnsf] l/kf]l6{ªug{ ?lr nfU5 <
dnfO{ vf]hL kqsfl/tf ug{ ?lrnfU5 / ub}{ cfPsf] 5' . dnfO{b'lgofF a]va/ /x]sf laifo vf]Hgdg nfU5 . lgs} sl7g / ljs67fpF rxfg{ dg nfU5 . lgs}hf]lvd df]n]/, Hofgsf] afhL/fv]/ l/kf]l6{ª ug{ dg nfU5 .clg d}n] n]v]sf ;dfrf/n] s]xLg s]xL k|efj kf/f];\ eGg] nfU5 .cf}krfl/s sfo{qmd / ;dfrf/dfdnfO{ z'?b]lv g} ?lr ePg .
cfhsf kqsf/x?df ljifout 1fgrflxG5 ls k;{gfln6L <
laifout 1fg rflxG5, g}ltsd"NodfGotf rflxG5 . /fd|f]kqsfl/tf ubf{ k;{gfln6L cfkm}aGb} hfG5 . lrl6Ss k/]/ kqsf/aGg] xf]Og . kqsfl/tf ug]{n] /fd|f]l/kf]l6{ª ug{ / ld7f] efiffdf n]VghfGg'k5{ . cfd kf7ssf] WofgtfGg ;Sg] laifoj:t' / k|:t'ltrflxG5 . n]Vgsf nflu n]Vg]xf]Og, laifoj:t'df s]xL g s]xLbd rflxG5 .
cIf/ n]v]/ dfq kqsf/sf] hLjgrNg ;S5 < tkfO{+nfO{ s] nfU5 <
uhan] rNg ;S5 . o;dflg/fz x'g'kg]{ s'g} sf/0f 5}g .kqsfl/tf u'0f:tl/o x'g] xf] eg]hLjg rNg ufx|f] 5}g . xfdLn]cIf/ n]v]/ cfh{g u/]sf] gfdn]cGo If]qdf ;d]t cj;/ k|fKtx'G5g\ . To;}n] of] cIf/sf] k]zf;fx|} uhasf] 5 .
;lhnf] s] x'G5 n]Vg ls k9fpg <
;lhnf] t b'a} 5}gg\ . b'a} sfddfd]xgt rflxG5 . t'ngfTds ?kdfeGbf n]Vg]eGbf k9fpg] sfd;lhnf] 5 .
kqsf/sf nflu geO{ gx'g] u'0f <
kqsf/ x'gsf nflu d]xgt, gofF–gofF s'/fdf vf]h cg';Gwfg, gofF;f]r / sfdk|ltsf] lg/Gt/
nufjh:tf u'0fx? h?/L x'G5 .
kqsfl/tf ubf{ tkfO{+n] ;a}eGbfa9L k|z+;f kfPsf] If0f <
d}n] g]kfn ef/t l;df If]qsfhgtfn] kfPsf] ;f:tL / si6s/hLjgsf laifodf u/]sf]PS;Sn'l;e l/kf]l6{ªaf6 w]/}k|z+;f kfPF . To; l/kf]l6{ªn]/fli6«o cGt/f{li6«o k|efj klgkf¥of] . ;+;bn] cWoog ;ldltagfof] . ;j{bnLo /fli6«ocWoog ;ldlt aGof] . lhNnf:t/sf] klg cWoog ;ldltaGof] . ;a} ;ldltx?sf]cWoogdf d}n] n]v]sf] s'/fnfO{yk k'li6 ug]{ s'/f e]l6Pkl5tTsfn l;df If]qsf laleGg7fpFdf k|x/L rf}sL /flvP,ljsf;sf yk k"jf{wf/ k'¥ofpg]of]hgf ag] . oxL l/kf]l6{ªsfsf/0f d}n] sflGtk'/ k|j]z u/]sf]klxnf] aif{d} b]zs} pTs[i6;+jfbbftfsf] k'/:sf/ / ;Ddfgklg kfPF .
sf]xL dflg;n] ;fj{hlgs 7fpFdfkqsf/x?nfO{ cfnf]rgf ul//x]sf];'Gbf tkfO{+nfO{ s:tf] cg'e"lt x'g]u5{ <
dnfO{ v'zL nfU5 . clg /fd|/LWofg lbP/ ;'G5' . dnfO{ kqsf/eg]/ glrlglbP x'GYof] eGg]nfU5 . xfd|f af/]df cfnf]rgfx'g' / xfd|f sdL sdhf]/Lsflaifodf cfdgful/s ;r]t x'g'/fd|f] s'/f xf] . of] cfjZos klg5 .
tkfO{+s} >LdtL kqsf/ ag]/cGtjf{tf{ lng] l:ylt eof] eg]tkfO{+nfO{ klxnf s'g k|Zgug'{x'GYof] xf]nf <
xf=== xf=== . uhasf] s'/fug'{eof] . o:tf] cj:yfdf tpN6} d k|Zg uy]{+ xf]nf . cfkm\g}>Ldfg;Fu cGtjf{tf{ ubf{ s:tf]cg'e"lt eO/x]sf] 5 eg]/ .
;dfh;]jf / a'jfcfdfsf] ;]jfdWo]s;sf] ;]jf ug'{x'G5 <
d}n] ;dfh;]jf ul//x]sf] 5' .xfn;Dd a'jfcfdfn] g} d]/f] ;]jful//xg'ePsf] 5 . e}+;L kfn]/b"w v'jfpg' ePsf] 5 .5f]/Lx?sf] x]/rfx ul/lbg'ePsf]5 . a'jfcfdfn] d]/f] ;]jfu/]sfn] d}n] ;dfh;]jf ug{kfPsf] 5' . a'jfcfdfsf] ;]jf ug]{;do cem}+ cfPsf] 5}g .
;dfhn] kqsf/ / kqsfl/tfnfO{s;/L x]l/b]cf];\ h:tf] nfU5 <
;dfh kqsf/ / kqsfl/tfk|ltlgs} ;dfnf]rs eP/ sfdu/f];\ . xfd|f sdL sdhf]/Lcf}+NofOb]cf];\ / xfdLnfO{ ;w}+;dfhk|lt OdfGbf/ / hjfkmb]xLagfpg] e"ldsf vf]nf];\ eGg]nfU5 .
)))
b'uf{nfn s];Lpk;Dkfbs, sflGtk'/ b}lgs
afn l;h{gfsljtf
Pp6} d'6' Pp6} dd{9f]sf] cl3 w"nf]df a;L d slt ufpFnfx] k|e' Û ltd|f] dlGb/leq slxn] cfpnf <
cfFugL 5]pm ufOg] ufpF5 lbnsf] ;afOc5"t efO{ x[bo 5'G5 ;f/ª\uL ahfO{ .
;a}sf] Ps} xf8 / df;' /ª\u / /f]ugb]xdf lbn, lbndf OZj/ c5"t geg .
OZj/sf] 5f]/f], dfG5]sf] efO dfG5]n] 5'b}gof] eGbf 7"nf] lgl3{gL kfk ;+;f/df x'Fb}g .
Pp6} d'6', Pp6} dd{, Pp6} OZj/e]b / efj d]6]/ k;f}+ k|]dsf] OZj/ .
hgs cfrfo{sIff M & …vÚ
:s'n M ;/:jtL dflj, e/tk'/ bfª
efOa}gLx?, ltdLx?n] agfPsf lrq / n]v]sf sljtfx? xfdL afnl;h{gfdf 5fKg] u/]sf 5f}+ . ltdLx?n] ;kmf ;]tf] sfkLsf] kfgfdf lrqagfP/ k7fpg" . lrq jf sljtf k7fpFbf cfkm\gf] gfd, sIff / :s'nsf]gfd n]Vg ge'Ng' lg . –;Dkfbs
aiff{tsf] dlxgf ;fpg . lxnf],vf]nfgfnf / klx/f]sf] hf]lvdk"0f{dlxgf klg . t/ ;fpg hlthf]lvdk"0f{ x'G5, TolQs} dgdf]xsklg . k|fs[lts ?kn] xl/of] dlxgfxf] ;fpg . jgh+unb]lvv]taf/L;Dd xl/of]sf] /fh . l5g–l5gdf kg]{ kfgL / l5g–l5gdfv'Ng] cfsfzn] xl/of] wtL{nfO{cfFvfe/L NofP/ lkmhfl/lbG5 .bz}+df gofF n'uf nufP/ /dfpg]afnaflnsfem}+ rf/}lt/ xl/ofnLeO/x]sf] 5 ;fpg . ;fpgsf]k|s[lt cfFvfsf] Hof]ltnfO{ g}t]lhnf] kfg]{ u/L xl/of] k5\of}/fn]9flsPsf] x'G5 . a}zfvdf
Kfnfpg] kfn'jf ;fpgdf jo:seP/ xf]nf slt ;'Gb/ / dgdf]xsnfUg] u5{g\ j/k/sf kxf8 / oLh+unx? .
;fpg;Fu} tfnd]n ldnfP/xl/of] kf]zfsdf ;lhPsfe]l§G5g\ xfd|f lbbLalxgLx? .c;f/df ljjfx u/]sL gjb'nxLxftel/ xl/of] r'/f / To:t}
klx/gdf ;lhP/ kltsf];f}efUosf] sfdgf ub}{ ;fpg afg{dfOtL3/lt/ hfg] u5{g\ .
cfhef]ln ;x/ ahf/ klg;fpg;Fu} xl/of] klx/gn] ;lhgyfn]sf] 5 . k|s[lt;Fu cfTdLotfhf]8\g rfxG5 dfG5] . To;}n] t;fpg;Fu tfbfDotf ldnfpgxl/of] klx/g nufP/ dgnfO{k|km'lNnt agfO/x]sf x'G5g\dlxnfx? . dfgj / k|s[ltaLrsf];DaGw c6'6 5 / t k|s[ltn]klg dfG5]nfO{ v';L / cfgGbsf];'Gb/tf cfFvfel/ lkmhfl/lbG5 .
Jo:t ;fpg . xftel/ xl/ofwfgsf] aLp prfnL v]tsfu/fx?sf 5'k'5'k' /f]Kg] /f]kfgL{/f]kfxf/x? lxnf]d} l;h{gf/f]lk/x]sf e]l§G5g\ . au/ /kfvfel/ km'n]sf] sfF;df r/]sf]n}gf] e}+;Ln] lbPsf] b"wsf] lv/vfP/ dgfpg] ;fpg] ;+qmflGtnfO{
u]8fu'8L pdf/]sf] Sjf6L vfP/labfO ul/G5 . vfnL v]tsfu/fx?nfO{ wfgsf Ps–PsufFhaf6 xl/ofnL agfpg] ls;fgn]k|s[ltnfO{ cfkm\g} kf}/vn];hfO/x]sf x'G5g\ . kxf8sfkm]bLx?af6 km'6\g] d'n / lxdfnsfsfvaf6 emg{] em/gfnfO{ of];fpgsf] xl/ofnLn] emg\>[+uf/el/lbPsf] x'G5 . ;fpgdfemfª\lug] afSnf] / 3gf h+unsf]uf9f xl/ofnLn] xfd|f ufpF /kfvfx?nfO{ k|fs[lts ?kn] g};fFlRrs} ;'Gb/ / cfsif{sagfO/x]sf] x'G5 . / k|s[ltn]cfkm\gf] ?knfO{ lkmhfP/ ;fpgnfO{xl/of] ;'Gb/tfn] ;hfO/x]sf] x'G5 .n]v, a]zL, kmfF6 / 6fs'/fx?nfO{xl/ofnLn] eg]{ ;fpgn] xfd|f]e"uf]nnfO{ l;h{gfsf] d'nn]l;l~rt ul//x]sf] x'G5 / xfd|f]df6f]nfO{ km'nfO/x]sf] x'G5 .q
xl/of];fpg
gfd M jiff{ jnL sIff M & …vÚ:s'n M kn{ Ps]8]dL, 3f]/fxL bfª
gfd M ;}n]z zfx sIff M %:s'n M :ju{åf/L O+ln; af]l8{ª :s'n, gf/fo0fk'/ bfª
a'waf/ !$ ;fpg @)&! ;+:s[lt÷ko{6g^
xft ldnfpg] xf]Og, d'¶L h'wfpg];fyLefO{ e]63f6 x'Fbf xft ldnfpg] ul/G5 .t/ j}1flgsx?n] eg] xft gldnfpg ;'emfjlbb} d'8\sL h'wfpg ;Nnfx lbPsf 5g\ .a]nfotsf] Pj:y{ ljZjljBfnosfzf]wst{fx?n] u/]sf] cWoogn] ca xftldnfpg] -Xof08 ;]s_ ;+:s[ltnfO{ afO afOug{ ;'emfj lbPsf 5g\ .
zf]wstf{x?sf cg';f/ xft ldnfpg'eGbf d'¶L h'wfpg' w]/} :j:ys/ clejfbgsf]z}nL xf] . x:t :jf:Yo ;DaGwdf ul/Psf ljleGg cg';Gwfgn] o:tf] b]vfPsf]5 . j}1flgsx?n] d'¶L h'wfpg] / xft ldnfpg]dWo] s'g a9L :j:y z}nL xf] eGg]s'/f kQf nufpg O{ sf]nL AofS6]l/ofsf] ;g{] b/sf] cWoog u/]sf lyP .
To; qmddf xft ldnfpg'eGbf xft dfly p7fP/ xTs]nf ahfg{] -xfO kmfOe_z}nLaf6 clejfbg ubf{ AofS6]l/of ;g{] b/ %) k|ltzt sd x'g] tyf d'¶L ahfg{]z}nL ;a}eGbf a9L ;'/lIft x'g] / () k|ltzt sd ;+qmd0f x'g] kQf nfu]sf] 5 .zf]wst{f 8fS6/ 8]e lJx6jy{sf cg';f/ d'¶L h'wfpg] clejfbg z}nL ;a}eGbf a9L:j:y tyf ;'/lIft x'g'sf] sf/0f o;f] ubf{sf] ult tyf ;a}eGbf sd ;tx ;Dks{dfcfpg' xf] . dflg;nfO{ x:t ldnfgeGbf d'¶L h'wfpg] afgLnfO{ a9fjf lbg nufpg]xf] eg] 5fnfaf6 ;g{] ljleGgvfn] ;?jf /f]usf] ;+qmd0f sd x'g] pgsf] ts{ 5 .
sfg'g klg s:tf–s:tf Ûs'g} klg zf;g Joj:yfdf sfg"gsf] cxd\ e"ldsf x'G5 . sfg'glagfsf] zf;g nufdlagfsf] 3f]8fh:t} x'G5 . t/ sfg'gL zf;g sfod ug{sf nflu sfg'g klg hgd}qLtyf j}wtfk|fKt x'g'k5{ . sfg'gnfO{ hgtfn] :jLsfg{'k5{ . sfg'g b]zsf gful/sn]kfngf ug{'k5{ / sfg'gsf] pNn+3g b08gLo x'G5 .t/ ljZjsf s]xL b]z tyf ;x/df s]xL To:tf cgf}7f sfg'gx? 5g\, hf] g t ToxfFsf hgtfn]dg}b]lv :jLsf/]sf 5g\, g t sfg'g pn+3g ug{]nfO{ sf/jfxL ePsf] g} ;'lgPsf] 5 .● xNof08df ls/fgf k;ndf ;fdfg vl/b ubf{ ;lkª af:s]6sf] k|of]u gu/]dfhl/jfgf ltg{'k5{ .
● cd]l/sfsf] jfof]ldª\udf h'g dlxgfdf v/fof]sf] kmf]6f] lvRg dgfxL 5 .● cd]l/sfsf] s]G6sLn] x/]s JolQmn] jif{sf] sDtLdf Ps k6s g'xfpg'kg{] sfg'g 5 .● cd]l/sfsf] cnf:sfdf ;'t]sf] efn'nfO{ hufP/ kmf]6f] lvr]df To;/L kmf]6f] lvRg]dflg;nfO{ sf/jfxL x'G5 .
● cd]l/sfsf] sG;f;df gf+uf] xftn] df5f klqmg aGb]h nufOPsf] 5 .● cd]l/sfsf] Soflnkmf]lg{ofdf xfp; sf]6 nufP/ sf/ rnfpg dlxnfnfO{ lgif]wul/Psf] 5 .
● ldlrugdf klg Pp6f cgf}7f] sfg'g 5, hxfF af6f]df lx8\bf kmf]xf]/ tyf lxnf] cfPklg dlxnfn] cfkm"n] nufPsf] :s6{ tLg OGreGbf dfly ;fg{ kfpFb}gg\ .
● l:j8]gsf] Ps ckf6{d]G6df a:g] dflg;x?n] /ftsf] bz ah]kl5 6\jfOn]6df km\n;ug{ /f]s nufOPsf] 5 .
● cd]l/sfsf] cnfafdfdf olb s;}n] /]nsf] 6«ofsdf g"g vGofOlbof] eg] p;nfO{d[To'b08sf] ;hfo klg x'g;S5 .
● cd]l/sfsf] 6]S;f;df s'g} klg ufO{sf] lrq sf]g{ dgfxL 5 .
levf/L eGb} dfUg] JolSt s/f]8kltdflg;x? ;8sdf dfUb} a:g] vfg} gk'u]/ dfq xf] eGg] w]/}nfO{ nfUbf] xf] . t/, xfn};fpbL c/adf kqmfp k/]sf levf/Lsf] lanf;L hLjgz}nL / wgbf}ntaf/] hfgsf/Lkfpg'eof] eg] tkfO{+ kSs} klg rlst kg{'x'g] 5 .
xfn} dlbgfsf] ;8sdf a;]/ dflu/x]sf Ps cwa}+;] k'?ifnfO{ ToxfFsf] k|x/Ln] kqmfpu¥of] . ;fpbLdf dfUg' u}/sfg'gL /x]sfn] k|x/Ln] kqmfp u/]sf] lyof] . pgL;Fu} pgsL>LdtL / ;fgf 5f]/f5f]/L klg kqmfp k/]sf lyP . t/, cg';Gwfgsf qmddf k|x/Ln] tLlevf/L;Fuaf6 s/f]8f}+ ?k}ofF gub a/fdb u¥of] .
k|x/LnfO{ pw[t ub{} ;fpbL uh]6 klqsfn] hgfPcg';f/ pgL;Fuaf6 tLg nfv cd]l/sL8n/ -em08} tLg s/f]8 ?k}ofF_, Pp6f lanf;L uf8L / ax'd"No ;fdu|L a/fdb u/]sf]5 . dxª\uf kmlg{r/ k|of]u ul/Psf] eLcfOkL ckf6{d]G6df pgL a:g] /x]5g\ . lanf;Luf8L r9]/ pgL laleGg ;x/df hfg] / ToxfF klg dfUg] sfd u/]sf] k|x/Ln] kQfnufPsf] 5 . tL levf/L nufgLstf{sf] le;f lnP/ cj}wflgs?kdf ;fpbL c/]laofdfa:b} cfPsf] atfOPsf] 5 . k|x/Ln] oL z+sf:kb / cgf}7f levf/Laf/] yk cg';Gwfgul//x]sf] ;fpbL uh]6 klqsfn] hgfPsf] 5 .
OZj/ x'F eGb} cfkm\g} lnª\u Rjf§lnª\u g} ;a} ;d:ofsf] h/f] ePsf] bfaL ub{} Ps hgf ufosn] cfkm\gf] lnª\usf6]sf 5g\ . ;]S; eGg] rLh dg{] dfG5]x?n] ug{] t/ cfkm" eg] cd/ O{Zj/ ePsf]lhls/ t];f{pFb} pgn] lnª\u Rjf§} kf/] .
;dfrf/ cg';f/ cd]l/sL ¥ofk ufos PG8«] hf]G;gn] o:tf] s'ts{ k]z ub{} cfkm\g}k'?ifTj Wj:t kf/]sf x'g\ . cfkm\gf] lnu sf6]/ n;PGhn;df /x]sf] 3/af6 ;'OFs'Rrf7f]Sg'sf] sf/0faf/] :ki6 kfb{} pgn] cfkm"df OZj/Lo zlQm ePsfn] lnª\u sf6]sf]lhls/ u/] . lnª\u sf6\g] a]nfdf cfkm' nfu'cf}ifwsf] gzfdf /x]sf] eP klg cfkm"n]lnª\u sf6\b}5' eGg] s'/f eg] yfxf ePsf] pgn] atfPsf l;PgPgn] hgfPsf] 5 .
cfkm'n] cfTdxTof geO{ s]jn lnª\u dfq sf6]/ km\ofFSg dfq rfx]sf] eGb} pgn]lnª\u x/]s ;d:ofsf] h/f] ePsf] 7x/ u/] . lqm; lao// gfdaf6 k|:t'lt lbg] hf]G;gGo'of]s{sf] lxk xk u|'k p 6f+u Snfg;Fu cfa4 5g\ . pgn] uPsf] clk|n !^ dfcfkm\g} lnª\u sf6]/ 3/af6 efu]sf lyP . c:ktfndf pkrf/kl5 klg lnª\u hf]8\gc;dy{ eP;Fu} lnªuljxLg pgL To;otf ;fj{hlgs?kdf af]n]sf 5}gg\ .
–cgnfOg va/af6
hftLo uf}/jsf nflu ;lxi0f'tf
dfwj rf}w/L
ærf}w/L y/ ePsfsf] hft s] n]Vg];/ <Æ ljBfnodf hgu0fgfsf] gd'gfcEof; ul//x]sf ljBfyL{n] ;f]w] .æyf?Æ . d]/f] hjfkm ;'g]kl5 t'?Gt} tLljBfyL{sf] k|ltlqmof cfof] æ;f]em} yf?n]Vg] ;/ <Æ rf}w/L y/ xf], rf}w/L hftxf]Og, yf? xf] eGg] d]/f] hjfkmkl5 tLljBfyL{ ;xdt t eP . t/, æyf?ÆzAbk|lt sltko dflg;x?sf] wf/0ffsf]af/]df d]/f] dgdf s'/f v]Ng yfNof] .o;cl3 klg cgf}krfl/s ukmufkmdfyf? hflt eGg g;s]/ rf}w/L hflteg]sf] d}n] w]/} k6s ;'g]sf] 5' . of] yf?;d'bfosf] af/]df /x]sf] wf/0ff;Fuhf]l8Psf] dgf]j}1flgs ;d:of xf] .
!%÷@) aif{ klxn] d laBfnodfkl9/xFbf ;fyLx?sf] aLrdf egfegrln/xGYof], slxn]sfxL+ yf? / u}/yf?;fyLx? aLrdf klg . yf? / u}/yf?;fyLx?sf] aLrdf ePsf] egfegsfqmddf u}/ yf? ;fyLn] yf?nfO{ æyf?Æeg]/ ufnL uy]]{ . yf? ;fyLx?n] klgæcfkm"nfO{ yf? eg]sf]Æ eg]/ kL/dfGy] . cfkm"nfO{ yf?eGbf kL/ dfGg]dgf]lj1fgsf] pTklQ s;/L eof] < of]cToGt} dggLo laifo xf] . ;Fu} k9]sfd]/f Pshgf ;fyL 5g\ h;n] cfkm\gf]y/ adf{ geg]/ zdf{ eGy] . ;flxlTosgfdsf] axfgfdf cfkm\gf] y/ n'sfpg]dflg; klg d}n] b]v]sf] 5' .
nf]s tyf bf]xf]/L ufos kz'kltzdf{sf] xfn;fn} ahf/df cfPsf] æxfdLg]kfnL xf}+===Æ af]nsf] uLt To;df k|of]uePsf] æsldgLÆ, æbdfO{Æ h:tf zAbsfsf/0f ljjfbdf cfof] . ljjfbkl5 ufoszdf{n] cfkm'n] ;f] uLt aGb u/]sf] 3f]if0ffu/] . sltko blnt cu'jfx?n] ;f]uLtnfO{ hftLo e]befj lj?4sf]clxn];Dds} ;a}eGbf qmflGtsf/L uLteg] klg cfkm"x?nfO{ ;f]em} æsfdLÆ jfæbdfO{Æ eg]sf] eg]/ kL/ dfGg]x? 5g\ .d]/f] JolQmut ljrf/ kz'klt zdf{sf] ;f]uLt aGb xf]Og, k|rf/ ug'{kg]{ uLt xf] .
hftLo klxrfg, clwsf/ / hftLo;dfj]zLs/0fsf] s'/f ug]{x?n] cfkm\gf]hft n'sfpg vf]Hg' cfkm}df lj/fwfefifLs'/f xf] . o;sf] cGTo x'g'k5{ . cfkm\gf]hftk|lt uj{ ug{ l;Sg'k5{ . t/, of];Gbe{df, s;}sf] hft a'emfpg] jf:tljszAbnfO{ ufnL ug]{ jf x]Kg] zAbsf] ?kdfk|of]u ug]{ jf ufnLsf] ?kdf a'em\g]dgf]lj1fg sxfFaf6 cfof] < eGg] k|Zgdgg ug'{kg]{ ;a}eGbf dxTjk"0f{ s'/f xf] .
/fhgLlts cf:yf, bnk|ltsf]cfa4tf, k"jf{u|x jf a'emfOdf leGgtfsfsf/0f h;n] h] ts{ u/] klg g]kfnL;dfhdf hftLo ;d:of 5 eGg] s'/f ;Toxf] . sf/0f ljleGg xf]nfg\, s'g} lglZrtju{df s'g} lglZrt hfltsf] afx'Notf x'g]cj:yf g]kfnL ;dfhdf 5 . xflsdx?sf]e]nfdf Ps vfnsf] hfltx?sf] afx'Notfx'g] / afFsL c? hfltsf dflg;x?sf]pkl:ylt lkogx?sf] e]nfdf a9L b]lvg];dfh alg;s]sf] 5 . ca o;sf] cGTog} hftLo clwsf/sf] s'/f ug]{x?sf]p2]Zo xf] / x'g'k5{ . g]kfnLx?sf] a;fOFdf/x]sf] ld>0fh:t} ;a} ju{, ;a} txdf ;a}vfnsf dflg; e]6\g ;Sg] kl/l:yltvf]lhPsf] xf] . hflt cg';f/ p;sf]l:ylt, Ifdtf, cfr/0f cfFsng ug]{ tyfcfkm\gf] hfltk|lt lxgtfaf]w ug'{kg]{kl/l:yltsf] cGTo vf]lhPsf] xf] .
j0ff{>d Joj:yf / j0f{cg';f/ km/s–km/s :yfgaf6 dflg; pTklQ ePsf] eGg]ljutsf] wfld{s JofVofn] dflg;nfO{hfltcg';f/ pFrlgr eGg] agfof] . xfd|f];dfhdf k/Dk/fut ;f]r ePsf k'/fgfdfG5]x? dfq xf]Og, cfw'lgs elgg]sltko dflg;n] klg cgf}krfl/ss'/fsfgLsf qmddf pFrlgr hftsf] s'/fu5{g\ . cfkm"n] hftLo 5'jf5"t gug]{ eg]/efif0f ug]{ sltko pkNnf] elgg] hftsfdflg;x?n] klg blnt;Fu} a;]/ vfgfvfFbf cK7\of/f] dfGg] u/]sf 5g\ .Tolta]nf pgLx? ?Gr] xfF;f] xfF:g afWo5g\ . g]kfndf /x]sf] of] hftLo 5'jf5"t /e]befjsf] cj:yfn] g} sltkodf cfkm\gf]hft eGg cK7\of/f] dfGg] dgf]lj1fghGd]sf] xf] .
hftLo 5'jf5"t / e]befjsf] s'/fdfq u/]/ x'Fb}g, jt{dfg / eljio ;'Gb/agfpg ca xfdLdf ePsf] hftLo;lxi0f'tfnfO{ cem Jofks la:tf/ ug'{kg]{ePsf] 5 . ;a}n] cf–cfkm\gf] hfltk|ltuj{ ug]{ / afFsL ;a} hfltk|lt ;f}xfb{,;lxi0f' wf/0ffsf] lasf; / la:tf/ ug{b'Ovfnsf lalw ckgfpg' k5{– cfGtl/s/ afx\o . cfGtl/s eGgfn] tNnf]elgPsf ;d'bfon] cfkm\gf] hftk|lt uj{ug]{, cfkm\gf] ;d'bfodf s'g} v/fa k/Dk/feP ;'wf/ ug]{, z}lIfs lasf;sf nflusf]l;; ug]{, ;dfh / /fHok|ltsf] bfloTjk"/f ub}{ cfkm\gf] clwsf/sf nflu/fHo;Fu dfu ug]{ xf] . afx\o eGgfn];DalGwt hfltafx]s cGo ;d'bfo //fHon] hftLo ;dfgtfsf nflu ;lxi0f'tl/sfn] k|of; ug]{ eGg] xf] . cfjZosgLlt / ;+/rgf lgdf{0f tyf sfof{Gjogug]{ /fHosf] bfloTj xf] eg] hftLo;dfgtf / ;lxi0f'tf la/f]wL k'/fgf k/Dk/f/ wf/0ff la:yflkt ub}{ hfg' cGo;d'bfosf] bfloTj xf] . ;~rf/dfWodx?n]klg oL k|of;df ;xefuL x'g'k5{ .
s;}sf] hft a'emfpg] jf:tljs zAbnfO{ ufnL ug]{ jf x]Kg] zAbsf] ?kdf k|of]uug]{ jf ufnLsf] ?kdf a'em\g] dgf]lj1fg sxfFaf6 cfof] < eGg] k|Zg dgg ug'{kg]{
;a}eGbf dxTjk"0f{ s'/f xf] .
/f]rs ;+;f/
lllllhgpef/ ;dfrf/bftf
3f]/fxL . /fKtL pkIf]qLo c:ktfn3f]/fxLsf] gofF k"jf{wf/ lgdf{0f ug{ !&s/f]8 ?k}ofF vr{ nfUg] ePsf] 5 .
cfjZos ejg lgdf{0fsf nfluc:ktfnn] :jfYo dGqfnodf k|:tfjk7fO;s]sf] /fKtL pkIf]qLo c:ktfndfd];' 8f= ljsf; b]jsf]6fn] hfgsf/Llbg'eof] . pxfFsf cg';f/ ;/sf/n] rfn"cfly {s jif {b ] lv /fKtL pkIf ]qLoc:ktfnsf] :t/j[l4 u/]/ ! ;o j]8sf]k'¥ofPsf] 5 . ;fpg ! ut]b]lv nfu' x'g]u/L c:ktfnsf] :t/j[l4 u/] klg cfjZosef}lts k"jf{wf/ / k|fljlws pks/0f k'/fg}5 . ca qmdzM ef}lts k"jf{wf/ lgdf{0ful/g] b]jsf]6fn] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . pxfFsfcg';f/ cfjZos pks/0fx? ;d]t qmdzMylkg] 5 .
;/sf/n] :t/j[l4 ePkl5 8fS6/x?sf]b/aGbL yk]sf] 5 . %) a]8sf nflu !*hgf 8fS6/sf] b/aGbL eP klg xfn !@hgf 8fS6/ dfq sfo{/t 5g\ . xfnnfO{k'/fg} :t/cg';f/ ;]jf pknAw u/fOP klgqmdzM yk ;'ljwf;lxtsf] ;]jf pknAwu/fOg] b]jsf]6fn] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . ykj]8sf nflu ejg lgdf{0f eP klg Nofj /
8fS6/ tyfg ; { x ? s f ]Sjf6/sf nfluejg cefj 5,’pxfFn] eGg'eof],…:t/j[l4 cg';f/xfdLn] h'g ;]jfpknAw u/fpg'kg]{xf] To; cg'?kk|fljlws ;fdu|Lklg 5 }g . ’: t / j [ l 4 ; F u }c:ktfnn] cfufdL lbgdf dfgl;s, d'6' /d[uf}nf /f]usf] ljz]if1 ;]jf pknAw u/fOg]b]jsf]6fn] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . Go"/f] ;h{/L;d]t pknAw x'g] pxfFsf] egfO{ 5 .:t/j[l4;Fu} tTsfnfO{ ;L;Lo", cfO;Lo",l/xfljl6n]zg, lkmlhcf]y]/fkL nufotsf ;]jfpknAw x'g] b]jsf]6fn] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] .…oL;]jf tTsfn pknAw u/fpg xfdL;Fu ef}ltsk"jf{wf/ 5}g,’ pxfFn] eGg'eof] . ljleGg;]jfsf nflu ejg agfpgdfq s/La !&s/f]8 ?k}ofF vr{ x'g] b]lvPsf] 5 .’
c:ktfndf cfjZos k|fljlws /ef}lts ;]jf yksf nflu k|:tfj k]z ul/Psf]c:ktfnn] atfPsf] 5 . clxn] c:ktfndfcf7 hgf 8fS6/ / rf/ hgf :6fkm g;{sf]
nflu dfq Sjf6 { / pknAw 5 .c:ktfnndf #) hgf g;{sf] b/aGbL sfod5 . …;/sf/n] :t/j[l4 u/]/ /fd|f] u/]sf] 5,x'g t klxn] ;a} ef}lts / k|fljlws tof/Lu/]sf] eP x'GYof],’ pxfFn] eGg'eof], …of] ;d:of/fKtL pkIf]qLo c:ktfnsf] dfq geP/;du| d'n'ssf] xf] .’ c:ktfnnfO{:t/j[l4;Fu ;]jf yksf nflu oxfFsf/fhgLlts bn, pBf]u Joj;foL, gful/s;dfh / cfd;/f]sf/jfnf lgsfox?n];xof]uL e"ldsf lgjf{x ug'{kg]{ b]jsf]6fsf]egfO{ 5 . ljutsf] t'ngfdf c:ktfnn]u'0f:t/Lo ;]jf;'ljwf pknAw u/fpFb}cfPsfn] cfufdL lbgdf klg yk ;'wf/x'g] pxfFn] atfpg'eof] .
c:ktfnsf] k"jf{wf/ lgdf{0f ug{ !& s/f]8
ax;
a'waf/ !$ ;fpg @)&! ljljw&
llllld]u/fh v8\sf
?s'd . lhNnf ;b/d'sfd cf;kf;df;~rfngdf /x]sf d]l8sn tyf ;fd'bflosc:ktfnx? u}/sfg'gL tl/sfn] ;~rfngeO/x]sf] kfOPsf] 5 . lhNnf k|zf;gsfof{no ?s'dsf] ;dGjodf lhNnf :jf:Yosfof{no ?s'dn] u/]sf] cg'udgdf o:tf]cj:yf e]l6Psf] xf] .
cg'udgsf qmddf clwsf+z d]l8sntyf c:ktfnx? cg'dlt g} glnO{;~rfngdf /x]sf] kfOPsf] xf] . h;df w]/}cf}ifwL k;nx? btf{lagf ;~rfngdf 5g\eg] s]xL btf{ eP klg ;DalGwt JolQmcf}ifwL k;ndf a:g] u/]sf 5}gg\ .
cg'udgdf ;xefuL lhNnf :jf:Yosfof{no ?s'dsf k|d'v 8f= ef]h/fh uf}tdPp6fsf] Ohfht kqdf c? sf]xL cfkmGtcf}ifwL k;ndf a;]/ Joj;fo ul//x]sf]e]l6Psf] atfP .
cf}ifwLh:tf] ;+j]bgzLn rLhdf cfkm' v';Llalqmlat/0f ug'{ dfgj :jf:Yosf nflu g/fd|f]sfd ePsf] pgsf] egfO 5 . …lhNnfdf;~rflnt ;fgf cf}ifwL k;nb]lv 7"nf;fd'bflos c:ktfnx? klg btf{ lagf g};~rfngdf /x]sf] kfOof]Ú lhNnf :jf:Yosfof{no ?s'dsf k|d'v uf}tdn] eg], …w]/} dfqfdfo:tf] ;d:of km]nf k/]sf sf/0f ;dfwfg ug{lhNnfl:yt ;a} ;/f]sf/jfnfx?sf] ;xsfo{ /Pstf cfjZos 5 .Ú
lhNnf c:ktfn ;Nn] cf;kf;df;~rflnt d]l8sn tyf cf}ifwL k;nx?;d]t u}/sfg'gL 9+uaf6 ;~rfng x'gfn] u|fdL0f:t/sf d]l8snx?sf] af/]df ;d]t z+sf ug]{k|z:t 7fpF b]lvPsf] 5 . lhNnf :jf:Yosfof{no ?s'dsf k|d'v uf}tdn] s]xL
;docl3b]lv ;Nn]df ;~rfngdf cfPsf]vn+uf df]8]n c:ktfn lagf cg'dlt;~rfngdf e]l6Psf] atfP . pgsf cg';f/pQm c:ktfnsf] k|of]uzfnfdf Dofb uPsfcf}ifwLx? ;d]t k|of]u ul/Psf] e]l6Psf] lyof] .
cg'dlt lag} d]l8sn ;~rfng dfqgeP/ pgLx?n] sf7df08f} g]kfnu~hnufotsf ljleGg k|ltli7t c:ktfndfsfo{/t 8fS6/x?sf] gfd;d]t ;fOgaf]8{dfpNn]v u/]/ ;j{;fwf/0fnfO{ e|d km}nfPsf]kfOPsf] 5 . pgLx?n] sf7df08f}+ g]kfnu~hsfnufotsf ljleGg c:ktfnx?df sfo{/t8fS6/x?sf] gfd cf}ifwL k;ndf sfo{/tsd{rf/Lsf] ;"lrdf /fv]sf] eP klg cg'dugsfqmddf sf]xL 8fS6/x? e]l6Psf lyPgg\ .cg'udgsf] g]t[Tj u/]sf ?s'dsf ;xfosk|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L g/]Gb| /fgfn] u}/sfg'gLtyf o:tf] e|d km}nfP/ cf}ifwL k;n ;~rfngug]{ lhNnfdf w]/} /x]sf] atfP . pgsf cg';f/cf}ifwL k;n tyf c:ktfn ;fgf ]Joj:yfkgsf] eP klg cTolws k|rf/ ul/Psf]5 . lhNnfsf] ;f]nfjfªsf] cf}ifwL k;ncg'udgdf o:tf] k|z:t k|df0f e]l6Psf] pgsf]egfO 5 .
…;f ]nfjfªdf ;~rflnt /fKtL;fd'bflos lSnlgs tyf /fh d]l8sf] kmdf{dfo:t} abdf;L u/]sf] e]l6of]Ú ;xfos k|d'vlhNnf clwsf/L /fgfn] eg], …cf}ifwL k;n;~rfngsf] ;d]t cg'dlt glnPsf 7fpFdfsf7df08f} nufotsf k|ltli7t c:ktfndfsfo{/t 8fS6/x?sf] gfd pNn]v ul/;a{;fwf/0fdf e|d ;[hgf u/sf /x]5g\ .Úpgsf cg';f/ pQm cf}ifwL k;nx?nfO{ To;k|sf/sf k|rf/ ;fdfu|L x6fpg lgb]{zg lbPsf]/ yk hfFra'emsf nflu k|zf;gdf af]nfOPsf]
5 . of] cg'udg klxnf] r/0fdf /x]sf] atfpFb}e|d km}nfpg]b]lv d]l8sn ;~rfngsf] sfg'gLk|s[of gk'¥ofP/ cf}ifwL k;n tyf c:ktfn;~rfng ug]{x?nfO{ r/0fa4?kdf sf/afxLk|s[of cufl8 a9fOg] ;xfos k|lhc /fgfn]atfP . To; qmddf s]lx cf}ifwL k;nx?aGb;d]t u/]sf] e]l6Psf] lyof] . cg'udgqmddf cg'dlt g} glnP/ ufpF–ufpFdf cfkm'v';L :jf:Yo lzlj/ cfof]hgf ul/ cfkm\gf];]jf ;'ljwfsf] af/]df ;a{;fwf/0fx?nfO{e|d;d]t kfb{} cfPsf] lhNnf :jf:Yosfof{no ?s'dn] hgfPsf] 5 . pgLx?n]ePe/sf /f]usf] pkrf/ x'g]b]lv cTofw'lgspkrf/;d]t x'g] k|rf/ ul//x]sf 5g\ .
sfof{nosf cg';f/ s'g} klg ;+:yfn]:jf:Yo lzlj/ ;~rfng ug{ If]qLo tyflhNnf :jf:Yo sfof{nosf] cg'dltclgjfo{ ?kdf lng'kg]{ sfg'gL Joj:yf/x]sf] 5 . u}/sfg'gL 9+uaf6 cf}ifwL k;ntyf c:ktfnx? ;~rfng u/ ]sf;~rfnsx?n] cfkm'x? s]xL ;d:ofsfsf/0f btf{ ug{ g;lsPsf] eP klg btf{k|s[ofdf g} /x]sf] atfPsf 5g\ . lhNnfsfcf}ifwL k;nx? klxn] btf{ tyf kl5;~rfng ug'{kg]{df btf{ g} gul/ klxn];~rfngdf Nofpg] u/]sf x'g\ . klxn]cg'dlt g} glnO{ u}/sfg'gL 9+uaf6 ;~rfngug]{ cf}ifwL k;n / c:ktfnx?nfO{ sfg'gcg';f/ sf/afxL ug'{kg]{ ;a{;fwf/0f tyf;/f]sf/jfnfx?sf] egfO . cg'udgdf;xefuL ?s'd pBf]u afl0fHo ;+3sfk|ltlglw df]xaL/ v8\sfn] cf}ifwL tyfpkrf/h:tf] If]q u}/sfg'gL x'g' ;a}sf] nflub'vb eGb} o;df :yfgLo k|x/L k|zf;guDeL/ aGg'kg]{ atfP .
kmf]6f] sg{/
d~rnfO{ emf]nf / kf]zfs ;xof]ubfª, ;fpg !@ . bfª
o'jf d~rnfO{ 3f]/fxLl:ytPdl8P; kf]N6«L ;f]n';gn];xof]u u/]sf] 5 . ;f]n';gn];f]daf/ d~rnfO{ elnansfnflu !$ hf]8f kf]zfs;xof]u u/]sf] xf] .
;f]n';gsf k|f]k|fO6/ dx]Gb|a'9fyf]sLn] bfª o'jf d~rsf;+of]hs ;ljg lk|of;gnfO{ ;f] kf]zfs x:tfGt/0f ug'{ePsf] lyof] . d~rn]/rgfTds sfo{ ul//x]sfn] xf};nf k|bfg ug]{ p2]Zon] elnan kf]zfs ;xof]uul/Psf] a'9fyf]sLn] atfpg'eof] . pxfFn] o:tf /rgfTds sfo{qmdx? u/L o'jfx?nfO{s'ntaf6 ar]/ v]ns"bsf] ljsf;lt/ k|]l/t x'g cfu|x;d]t ug'{eof] .
o;}aLr 3f]/fxLl:yt uGtJo Ph's]zgnn] d~rnfO{ emf]nf ;xof]u u/]sf] 5 .Ph's]zgsf ;~rfnsx? ofbj lu/L / lbkaxfb'/ s];Ln] d~rsf +;+of]hs ;ljglk|of;gnfO{ !% j6f emf]nf ;xof]u ug'{ePsf] xf] . ;xof]u x:tfGt/0f sfo{qmddfd~rsf ;b:o dx]Gb| a'9fyf]sL, /f]zgdfg >]i7, s]z/dfg aL;L, e'k]Gb| jnLnufotsf];xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] . d~rn] ;xof]u ug]{ ;a}nfO{ wGojfb 1fkg u/]sf] 5 .
j[4j[4fx?nfO{ ljBfyL{sf] ;xof]ubfª . bLklzvf pRr dfWolds ljBfnodf ul7t h'lgo/ /]8qm;sf] cfof]hgf
tyf ljBfnosf] ;xof]udf j[4j[4fx?nfO{ ;xof]u u/LPsf] 5 . ljBfyL{x?n];f]daf/ j[4f>d k'u]/ j[4j[4fx?nfO{ kmnkm"n tyf vfBfGg ;xof]u u/]sf x'g\ .
ljBfnodf sIff ( df cWoog/t ljBfyL{x?n] vfhf vr{ s6fP/ hDdfu/]sf] /sdaf6 ;xof]u u/]sf lyP . pSt ljBfnosf ljBfyL{x?n] x/]s jif{o;}u/L ;xof]u ub}{ cfPsf] ljBfnon] hfgsf/L lbPsf] 5 . cf>ddf /x]sf (hgf k'?if / * hgf dlxnf u/L !& hgfnfO{ ;xof]u ul/Psf] lyof] .
To; cj;/df af]Ng] jStfx?n] j[4j[4fx?nfO{ cfkm} g} 3/df a:g ;Sg]vfnsf] jftfj/0f lgdf0f{sf nflu ;a}n] cf–cfkm\gf] :yfgaf6 ;xof]u ug'{kg]{atfPsf lyP . pgLx?n] o:tf ;]jfd"ns sfo{n] j[4 / afnaflnsfx?aLrsf]k':tfGt/0f sd ug{ ;xof]u ldNg] atfPsf lyP . ;f] cj;/df ljBfyL{x? /j[4j[4faLr cGt/lqmof ;d]t ul/Psf] lyof] . To; cj;/df ljBfnosf EjfO;lk|lG;kn zf]efsfGt clwsf/L, lzIfs czf]s e';fn, kqsf/ cf/s] l;tn,cf>dsL sd{rf/L lx/f zfx, ljBfyL{ lk|G; uf}tdnufotn] af]Ng'ePsf] lyof] .j[4f ;'zLnf 3tL{sf] cWoIftfdf ePsf] sfo{qmdsf] ;xhLs/0f 5fq lg/hclwsf/Ln] u/]sf lyP eg] :jfut 5fqf k|lti7f jnLsf] u/]sL lyOg\ .
ls/fgf Joj;foL pk;ldlt u7gt'n;Lk'/ . t'n;Lk'/ pBf]u jflf0Ho ;+3sf] sfdnfO{ l56f] / 5l/tf] ?kdf
;~rfng ug{sf nflu ljleGg pk;ldltx? u7g ul/Psf] 5 . t'n;Lk'/ pBf]ujfl0fHo ;+3n] b'uf{ k|;fb e';fnsf] ;+of]hsTjdf ls/fgf Joj;foL pk;ldltu7g u/]sf] 5 . ;+3n] ljleGg pk;ldltx? u7g ub}{ hfg] ;+3sf ;lrj ldg/fhe08f/Ln] hfgsf/L lbg' eof] .
t'n;Lk'/ pBf]u jfl0fHosf cWoIf ljdn l/hfnsf] cWoIftfdf a;]sf] e]nfn]ls/fgf Joj;foL pk;ldlt u7g u/]sf] xf] . e';fnsf] ;+of]hsTjdf !* ;b:oLols/fgf pk;ldlt u7g u/]sf] 5 . ;ldltsf] ;lrjdf x]d/fh uf}td, sf]iffWoIfdf/fdk|;fb e08f/L / ;b:ox?df b'uf{axfb'/ e08f/L, v'daxfb'/ cf]nL, sdnk|;fbclwsf/L, s[i0f kf]v/]n , dbg e08f/L, clgn >]i7, gf/fo0f 9sfn, nfnaxfb'/8fFuL, lgd{n ltjf/L, dx]Gb| u'Ktf, zfGt e08f/L / ;fljqf ;'j]bL rog x'g'ePsf] 5 eg];Nnfxsf/df gf/fo0f vgfn, cdg cG;f/L / lg/0fk|;fb e08f/L rog x'g'ePsf] 5 .
e]nfdf t'n;Lk'/ pBf]u jfl0fHo ;+3sf jl/i7 pkfWoIf jL/axfb'/ /fjt,jfl0fHo pkfWoIf ;'bLk >]i7, ;xsf]iffWoIf l8NnLaxfb'/ jnL / ;b:o lgd{nfe';fnn] af]Ng'ePsf] lyof] .
j[4 bDkltnfO{ /fxt ljt/0fbfª . /fdk'/sf Ps j[4 bDkltnfO{ /fxt k|bfg ul/Psf] 5 . /fdk'/–#
lgjf;L *) jifL{o gdaxfb'/ ljs=/&) aifL{o pgsL >LdtL cfOtLljsnfO{ /fxt k|bfg ul/Psf] xf] .3f]/fxLl:yt uf}/Lz+s/ cf]e/l;hk|flnsf Dofg]lhª 8fO/]S6/ ofbj;}3fnL;lxt pxfFsL >LdtL lgdf;}3fnL / 5f]/L cl:dtf ;}3fnLn]ut zlgaf/ j[4 bDkltsf] 3/dfk'uL /fxt k|bfg ug'{ePsf] lyof] .
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;]sfpg, # hgfb]lv &hgf;Ddsf] kl/jf/nfO{ vfgfksfpg / ahf/df ;]s'jf kf]Ngcflb sfddf pkof]uL /x]sf] 5 .
jfof]ljqm]6 lgdf{0fcfocfh{gsf] dfWod ag]sf] 5 .jgdf v]/ uO/x]sf] jgdf/fnfO{sf]Onf agfO{ cfuf] afNgdfk|of]u ul/Psf] 5 . jfof] ljqm]6lgdf{0fdf clwsf+z dlxnfx?;lqmo x'g] u/]sf 5g\ . sfdu/]jfktsf] /sd s[i0f sj'lnoltjg ;d"xn] e'QmfgL ug]{ u/]sf]cWoIf 3tL{n] hfgsf/L lbP .pgn] eg], …dlxnfx?nfO{cfocfh{gdf ;xefuL agfpFb}}cfPsf 5f}+ .
jfof] ljqm]6sf nflucfjZos kg]{ sRrf kbfy{jgdf/f cfkm\g} ;d"xsf] jgaf6Nofpg'sf ;fy} l5d]sL jofnfsj'lnotL jg cfd|faf6 klgNofpg u/]sf] atfpF5g\ .lhNnfsf ljleGg lgsfosf];xof]u / ;dGjodf ;d"xdfcfj4 ;b:ox?n] jfof] ljqm]6lgdf{0f u[x;d]t agfPsf 5g\ .
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u/]sf 5g\ . pBdzLntfsfljleGg sfo{qmddf ;d"xn]lgdf{0f u/]sf] jfof] ljqm]6 k|bz{gLu/]/ k'/:sf/;d]t k|fKt u/]sf];d"xsf cWoIf rGb|axfb'/ 3tL{n]hfgsf/L lbP . pgn] eg], …jfof]ljqm]6sf] kl/ro, dxTj,pkof]lutf cflbaf/] n]lvPsf]krf{dfkm{t\ klg k|rf/ k|;f/nfO{Jofkstf lbg] u/]sf 5f}+ .Ú
jfof] ljqm]6 lgdf{0fdfpT;flxt s[i0f sj'lnolt jgsf;b:ox? ljqm]6 pTkfbg sfo{sf]j[l4 ug{ Psh'6 x'Fb} jgsf]vfnL If]qdf ;'Vvf 7fpFdf x'g]jf]6lj?jf /f]Kg] of]hgf;d]tagfPsf] #@ jifL{o dgs'df/Lk'gn] hfgsf/L lbOg\ . oL ;a}lqmofsnfknfO{ of]hgfj4?kdfn}hfg ;+:yfut ljsf;sf nflulgoldt?kdf k|To]s dlxgfsf] !$ut] a}7s a:g] u/]sf] 5 . pQma}7sdf jgsf] ;+/If0f, pkef]u,jfof] ljqm]6, art, C0f nufgLcflbsf af/]df 5nkmn;d]tpgLx?n] ug]{ u/]sf 5g\ . ;d"xsfk|To]s ;b:ox?n] dfl;s ?= !)art ug]{ u/]sf 5g\ . pQmartsf] /f]rs k|;ª\u s] 5 eg]hDdf ePsf] artsf]] ! k|ltzt/sd ;d"xdf cfj4 ePsf;b:ox?sf] hLjg ljdfsf nflu;d]t ;l~rt u/]sf 5g\ .
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dn]l;ofsf] ax'rlr{t sDkgL FEVLLE FEVCA -hxfhsf] ;fdfg aGg]sDkgL_sf] lk| Interview wdfwd o; uf}/Lz+s/ cf]e/l;h k|flnzfvf sfof{no 3f]/fxLdf eO/x]sf] 5 . Final interview sf7df08f}+dfAgust 8 -;fpg @# ut]_ x'Fb}5 . o; sDkgLaf6 y'k|} sfdbf/x?sf]ch]{G6 dfu eO{ cfPsfn] hfg rfxg] hf] sf]xLn] t'?Gt} sfof{nodfcf]/Llhgn /fxbfgL;lxt ;Dks{ /fVg'xf]nf . interview df hfg]JolQmx?nfO{ o; sfof{non] PstkmL{ ef8fsf] Joj:yf u/]sf] 5 .
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l;dfgf hf]l8Psf] /fhk'/–( e};fxLgfsfsf :yfgLox?n] ;'/Iffsf] dfuu/]sf 5g\ . d+unaf/ 3f]/fxLdfkqsf/ ;Dd]ng u/L gfsfaf;Lsfk|ltlglwx?n] s]xL lbgcl3 g]kfnLk|x/Ldfly g} P;P;aLn] xftkftu/]kl5 gfsfaf;Lx? klg c;'/lIftePsf] eGb} e/kbf]{ ;'/Iff Joj:yfldnfpg dfu u/]sf x'g\ .
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;dfwfgsf nflu ef/tLo k|x/L;FutLg a'Fb] ;xdlt ePsf] eGg] s'/fcfkm'x?nfO{ s'g} hfgsf/L gePsf]atfpg'eof] . t/ k|x/Ln] eg]gfsfaf;L, g]kfn k|x/L / ef/tLok|x/LaLr ;DaGw ;'wf/ ug]{, cfjthfjtdf / pkef]Uo j:t' Nofpgdf/f ]s gnufpg] ;xdlt ePsf]atfO/x]sf]] 5 . ef/tLo kIfaf6cfkm"x?dfly b'Jo{jxf/ / bdgeO/x]sfn] To;nfO{ /f]Sg'kg]{ pxfFsf]egfO{ 5 . l;len k|x/Lsf] x}l;otdfgfsfaf;Lx?n] l;dfsf] /Iff ul/x]sf]t/ g]kfn k|x/Ln] eg] P;P;aL;FuldNbf cfkm'x? yk c;'/lIft ePsf]:yfg Lo zfGts 'd f / a '9 fn ]atfpg'eof] . kqsf/ ;Dd]ngdfgfsf v]ns'b ;dfhsf cWoIfZofdaxfb'/ emfFqmLn] b}lgs pkef]Uoj:t' Nofpgsf nflu ef/t hfFbfklg c;'/Iff /x]sf] eGb} ;DaGw;'wf/sf nflu k|zf;g nfUg'kg]{atfpg'eof] .
k|fljlws sn]h sf]xnk'/df3f]/fxL . afFs]sf] sf]xnk'/df o;} z}lIfs ;qb]lv k|fljlws sn]h
;~rfng x'g] ePsf] 5 . gf]a]n 6]lSgsn P08 d]l8sn ;fOG; sn]hsf]xnk'/–# afFs]]sf] gfddf pQm k|fljlws sn]h ;~rfng x'g yfn]sf]xf] .
l;6LOeL6Laf6 dfGotfk|fKt ul/ !% dlxg] Nofj cl;:6]G6, e]6g/Lh]l6P / l;len ;j–cf]e/l;o/ sfo{qmd ;~rfngsf nflu tof/L ul//x]sf] sn]hsf lgb]{zs /Tgaxfb'/ rGbn] atfpg'ePsf] 5 . oL tLgj6}sfo{qmd k9\gsf nflu P;Pn;L ptL0f{ u/]sf] x'g'kg]{5 .
