Rapporto Zotero - Zenodo

A Hypergraph-Based Blockchain Model and Application in Internet of Things-Enabled Smart Homes

Tipo Articolo di periodico specializzato

Autore Chao Qu

Autore Ming Tao

Autore Ruifen Yuan

Volume 18

Numero di fascicolo 9

Titolo della pubblicazione Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)

ISSN 1424-8220

Data 2018

DOI 10.3390/s18092784

Catalogo della biblioteca unito-tutto.com

Abstract With the fast development and expansion of the Internet of Things (IoT),billions of smart devices are being continuously connected, and smarthomes, as a typical IoT application, are providing people with variousconvenient applications, but face security and privacy issues. The idea ofBlockchain (BC) theory has brought about a potential solution to the IoTsecurity problem. The emergence of blockchain technology has broughtabout a change of decentralized management, providing an effectivesolution for the protection of network security and privacy. On the otherhand, the smart devices in IoT are always lightweight and have lessenergy and memory. This makes the application of blockchain difficult.Against this background, this paper proposes a blockchain model basedon hypergraphs. The aims of this model are to reduce the storageconsumption and to solve the additional security issues. In the model, weuse the hyperedge as the organization of storage nodes and convert theentire networked data storage into part network storage. We discuss thedesign of the model and security strategy in detail, introducing some usecases in a smart home network and evaluating the storage performance ofthe model through simulation experiments and an evaluation of thenetwork.

Aggiunto in data 6/2/2019, 10:15:20

Modificato in data 12/2/2019, 13:03:56

Tag:

blockchain, Article, IoT, hypergraph, smart home

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A multi-disciplinary perspective on emergent and future innovations in peerreview


Autore Jonathan P. Tennant

Autore Jonathan M. Dugan

Autore Daniel Graziotin

Autore Damien C. Jacques

Autore François Waldner

Autore Daniel Mietchen

Autore Yehia Elkhatib

Autore Lauren B. Collister

Autore Christina K. Pikas

Autore Tom Crick

Autore Paola Masuzzo

Autore Anthony Caravaggi

Autore Devin R. Berg

Autore Kyle E. Niemeyer

Autore Tony Ross-Hellauer

Autore Sara Mannheimer

Autore Lillian Rigling

Autore Daniel S. Katz

Autore Bastian Greshake Tzovaras

Autore Josmel Pacheco-Mendoza

Autore Nazeefa Fatima

Autore Marta Poblet

Autore Marios Isaakidis

Autore Dasapta Erwin Irawan

Autore Sébastien Renaut

Autore Christopher R. Madan

Autore Lisa Matthias

Autore Jesper Nørgaard Kjær

Autore Daniel Paul O'Donnell

Autore Cameron Neylon

Autore Sarah Kearns

Autore Manojkumar Selvaraju

Autore Julien Colomb

Volume 6

Titolo della pubblicazione F1000Research

ISSN 2046-1402

Data 2017

DOI 10.12688/f1000research.12037.2


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Abstract Peer review of research articles is a core part of our scholarlycommunication system. In spite of its importance, the status and purposeof peer review is often contested. What is its role in our modern digitalresearch and communications infrastructure? Does it perform to the highstandards with which it is generally regarded? Studies of peer reviewhave shown that it is prone to bias and abuse in numerous dimensions,frequently unreliable, and can fail to detect even fraudulent research.With the advent of web technologies, we are now witnessing a phase ofinnovation and experimentation in our approaches to peer review. Thesedevelopments prompted us to examine emerging models of peer reviewfrom a range of disciplines and venues, and to ask how they mightaddress some of the issues with our current systems of peer review. Weexamine the functionality of a range of social Web platforms, andcompare these with the traits underlying a viable peer review system:quality control, quantified performance metrics as engagementincentives, and certification and reputation. Ideally, any new systems willdemonstrate that they out-perform and reduce the biases of existingmodels as much as possible. We conclude that there is considerable scopefor new peer review initiatives to be developed, each with their ownpotential issues and advantages. We also propose a novel hybrid platformmodel that could, at least partially, resolve many of the socio-technicalissues associated with peer review, and potentially disrupt the entirescholarly communication system. Success for any such developmentrelies on reaching a critical threshold of research community engagementwith both the process and the platform, and therefore cannot be achievedwithout a significant change of incentives in research environments.

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 12:58:21


Tag:

Articles, Incentives, Open Peer Review, Open Science, Quality Control, Review, Scholarly Publishing,

Social Media, Web 2.0

Allegati

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A preliminary assessment of the indicators for Sustainable Development Goal(SDG) 14 "Conserve and sustainably use the oceans, seas and marine resourcesfor sustainable development"


Autore Laura Recuero Virto

Volume 98

Pagine 47–57


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Titolo della pubblicazione Marine Policy

ISSN 0308-597X

Data 2018

DOI 10.1016/j.marpol.2018.08.036


Lingua eng

Abstract The SDGs are intended to address sustainable development processes inboth developed and developing countries, and to facilitate action at alllevels and with all actors, including government, civil society, the privatesector and the science community. The SDG 14 covers, among otherfeatures, economic pressures on the marine environment and takes intoaccount the specificities of coastal communities. This paper reviews therational for the SDG 14, as well as the framework for the SDG 14indicators including (i) some basic concepts such as the role ofuncertainty, irreversibility and thresholds in the marine context, and themultidimensionality of the indicators; (ii) synergies and trade-offs amongthe SDG 14 targets, and between SDG 14 and other SDGs targets, andhow to track progress on policy coherence at the national level; (iii)synergies between SDG 14 indicators, and Millennium DevelopmentGoals’ and Multilateral Environmental Agreements’ targets andindicators; and (iv) the role of big data. Indicators at the global andnational scales (France) are also explored. To conclude, there arechallenges and opportunities for future research in this area such as thedevelopment of indicators building on the frontiers of ocean science, thedevelopment of innovative approaches for data collection, thedevelopment of common approaches in valuing marine ecosystemservices and national accounting, the provision of incentives for bestpractice and peer-learning, the harmonisation of measurementmethodologies and the selection of SDG 14 indicators according to thegeographical level of intervention. •Few indicators are available for theSustainable Development Goal 14 on “oceans”.•A large number offeatures have to be integrated to develop non-available indicators.•Francehas made progress on the analytical framework to develop theseindicators.•There are challenges and opportunities for future research inthis area.

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 12:58:58


Tag:

Indicators, Oceans, Q01, Q20, Q30, Sustainable Development Goal

A review of the socio-economic advantages of textile recycling


Autore Walter Leal Filho

Autore Dawn Ellams


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Autore Sara Han

Autore David Tyler

Autore Valérie Julie Boiten

Autore Arminda Paco

Autore Harri Moora

Autore Abdul-Lateef Balogun

Volume 218

Pagine 10–20

Titolo della pubblicazione Journal of Cleaner Production

ISSN 0959-6526

Data 2019

DOI 10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.01.210


Lingua eng

Abstract The textile/apparel industry is of great importance to the economy interms of trade, employment, investment and revenue all over the world.This sector is however characterised by substantial losses, due toproduction excesses on the one hand, and the “throw away” culture onthe other. This state of affairs suggests that textile recycling is needed.Apart from the environmental and ecological advantages which can bebrought about by the re-use and recycling of textiles, there are manybenefits of a socio-economic nature. This paper analyses current trendson textile recycling, the barriers impeding greater recycling, and outlinesthe socio-economic advantages of moving towards a circular economy.Some examples of on-going initiatives are discussed, together with someof the measures that may be used to further reduce the current wastederiving from the apparel sector. Image 1084 •The apparel industry iseconomically important all over the world.•Production excesses lead tolosses, so textile recycling is needed.•There are socio-economic,environmental and ecological advantages brought about by recycling oftextiles.•There are measures that may be used to reduce the current wastederiving from the apparel sector.

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 13:01:15


Tag:

Circular Economy, Processes, Production, Re-Use, Recycling, Socioeconomic, Textile

A survey on fog computing for the Internet of Things


Autore Paolo Bellavista

Autore Javier Berrocal

Autore Antonio Corradi


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Autore Sajal K. Das

Autore Luca Foschini

Autore Alessandro Zanni

Volume 52

Pagine 71–99

Titolo della pubblicazione Pervasive and Mobile Computing

ISSN 1574-1192

Data 2019

DOI 10.1016/j.pmcj.2018.12.007


Lingua eng

Abstract Fog computing has emerged to support the requirements of IoTapplications that could not be met by today’s solutions. Differentinitiatives have been presented to drive the development of fog, andmuch work has been done to improve certain aspects. However, anin-depth analysis of the different solutions, detailing how they can beintegrated and applied to meet specific requirements, is still required. Inthis work, we present a unified architectural model and a new taxonomy,by comparing a large number of solutions. Finally, we draw someconclusions and guidelines for the development of IoT applications basedon fog.

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 13:01:15


Tag:

Fog Computing, Internet of Things, Iot Case Studies, Survey, Taxonomy

A taxonomy of cyber-physical threats and impact in the smart home


Autore Ryan Heartfield

Autore George Loukas

Autore Sanja Budimir

Autore Anatolij Bezemskij

Autore Johnny R. J. Fontaine

Autore Avgoustinos Filippoupolitis

Autore Etienne Roesch

Volume 78

Pagine 398–428

Titolo della pubblicazione Computers & Security

ISSN 0167-4048

Data 2018

DOI 10.1016/j.cose.2018.07.011


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Lingua eng

Abstract In the past, home automation was a small market for technologyenthusiasts. Interconnectivity between devices was down to the owner’stechnical skills and creativity, while security was non-existent orprimitive, because cyber threats were also largely non-existent orprimitive. This is not the case any more. The adoption of Internet ofThings technologies, cloud computing, artificial intelligence and anincreasingly wide range of sensing and actuation capabilities has led tosmart homes that are more practical, but also genuinely attractive targetsfor cyber attacks. Here, we classify applicable cyber threats according toa novel taxonomy, focusing not only on the attack vectors that can beused, but also the potential impact on the systems and ultimately on theoccupants and their domestic life. Utilising the taxonomy, we classifytwenty five different smart home attacks, providing further examples oflegitimate, yet vulnerable smart home configurations which can lead tosecond-order attack vectors. We then review existing smart home defencemechanisms and discuss open research problems.

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 13:00:55


Tag:

Cyber Crime, Cyber Security, Cyber-Physical Attacks, Iot, Privacy, Smart Home

Accelerating technology for self-organising networked democracy


Autore Alexander Raikov

Volume 103

Pagine 17–26

Titolo della pubblicazione Futures

ISSN 0016-3287

Data 2018

DOI 10.1016/j.futures.2018.03.015


Lingua eng

Abstract •Networked democracy processes are becoming faster due to artificialintelligence and information technologies.•Group decision-making couldbe accelerated with the special convergent approach in artificialintelligence development.•The approach uses networked expertisesystems (e-expertise), cognitive modelling, and inverse problem solvingmethod.•The approach could be useful for group strategic formation insocial networks, government and non-government activity. The decision-making processes and strategic conversations in networked democracyhave become faster due to artificial intelligence and information and


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communicative technologies. But traditional approaches to groupdecision-making support are not quite effective in networked conditions,especially when most of the factors describing the problem situations arepoorly defined and non-quantitative. The author’s convergent technology(approach) helps ensure the necessary conditions for structuringinformation in a special way that accelerates networked group decision-making processes and makes them more sustainable and purposeful. Theapproach uses the experience of creating networked expertise systems(e-expertise), cognitive modelling, inverse problem solving, etc. Thenetworked groups may include authorities, companies’ management andemployees, experts, policy-makers, researchers, citizens, etc. Theapproach could be useful for group strategic formation forself-organising social networks and for creating effective strategies forgovernment, non-government, regional, national, municipal, and otherbodies. An example of testing the approach in real practice is presented.

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 12:58:58


Tag:

Convergent Approach, Group Decision-Making, Networked Democracy, Self-Organising Processes,

Strategic Meeting

Access control in the Internet of Things: Big challenges and new opportunities


Autore Aafaf Ouaddah

Autore Hajar Mousannif

Autore Anas Abou Elkalam

Autore Abdellah Ait Ouahman

Volume 112

Pagine 237–262

Titolo della pubblicazione Computer Networks

ISSN 1389-1286

Data 2017

DOI 10.1016/j.comnet.2016.11.007


Lingua eng

Abstract In this paper, an extensive state of the art review of different accesscontrol solutions in IoT within the Objectives, Models, Architecture andMechanisms (OM-AM) way is provided. An analysis of the security andprivacy requirements for the most dominant IoT application domains,including Personal and home, Government and utilities, and Enterpriseand industry, is conducted. The pros and cons of traditional, as well asrecent access control models and protocols from an IoT perspective are


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highlighted. Furthermore, a qualitative and a quantitative evaluation ofthe most relevant IoT related-projects that represent the majority ofresearch and commercial solutions proposed in the field of access controlconducted over the recent years (2011- 2016) is achieved. Finally,potential challenges and future research directions are defined.

Titolo abbreviato Access control in the Internet of Things

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 13:00:34


Tag:

00-01, 99-00, Access Control, Internet of Things, Privacy, Security

Algorithmic and high frequency trading in Asia-Pacific, now and the future


Autore Hao Zhou

Autore Petko S. Kalev

Volume 53

Pagine 186–207

Titolo della pubblicazione Pacific-Basin Finance Journal

ISSN 0927-538X

Data 2019

DOI 10.1016/j.pacfin.2018.10.006


Lingua eng

Abstract The Asia-Pacific securities markets are among the fastest growingmarkets in the world and account for more than one third of the globalmarket capitalization. Drawing from the literature and recenttechnological developments worldwide, we discuss the current state andthe future developments of computerized trading in a set of the largestAsia-Pacific economies, which constitute approximately 85% of theregion's securities market. We first identify the drivers and deterrents ofcomputerized trading based on the academic literature and regulatoryinvestigations. We then assess the current viability and the future growthof computerized trading in the Asia-Pacific economies. Finally, wesurvey the empirical findings on algorithmic and high frequency tradingin the Asia-Pacific region in comparison with the global empirical andtheoretical literature. •An overall increase of computerized trading isseen in the Asia-Pacific region.•Artificial Intelligence andcryptocurrencies fuel the computerized trading growth.•Country/regionspecific trading and regulatory environments are surveyed.•Regionalstudies are reviewed in comparison with the global literature.•Regionalfindings are consistent (relatively more negative) to the global results.

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 13:00:12



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Tag:

Algorithmic Trading, Asia-Pacific Region, G12, G14, G19, High Frequency Trading, Market Quality,

Transaction Cost

Algorithmic Dispute Resolution—The Automation of Professional DisputeResolution Using AI and Blockchain Technologies


Autore Jeremy Barnett

Autore Philip Treleaven

Volume 61


Pagine 399–408

Titolo della pubblicazione The Computer Journal

ISSN 0010-4620

Data 2018

DOI 10.1093/comjnl/bxx103


Abstract Legal Services industries are entering a period of major disruptioncaused by new legal technologies (LawTech), such as artificialintelligence (AI), Internet of Things (IoT) and Blockchain. An areaalready undergoing major innovation is alternative dispute resolution(Alternative Dispute Resolution (2017) Wikipedia,https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alternative_dispute_resolution ), especiallyautomated online dispute resolution (Online Dispute Resolution (2017)Wikipedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Online_dispute_resolution ;Katsh, E. and Rifkin, J. (2001) Online Dispute Resolution: ResolvingConflicts in Cyberspace. Jossey-Bass Wiley, New Jersey). In terms ofLawTech, we broadly divide online dispute resolution into (a) ConsumerODR —uses technology to facilitate the resolution of disputes betweenecommerce parties, typically online suppliers and consumers; (b) JudicialODR —covers any means of settling ‘ordinary’ disputes where there is ahearing (using technology) but outside of the courtroom, such as divorceor personal injury cases; and what we refer to as (c) Corporate ODR—the use of technology to manage the resolution of any contractualdisputes that may emerge from major multi-partner projects or financialtransactions. This paper focuses on ODR and specifically the future useof automating anticipatory Corporate dispute resolution using AI andblockchain technologies. The paper describes the legal sector, and how itis being radically transformed by computer science.



Tag:


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blockchain, artificial intelligence, legal technology, online dispute resolution

Alma-Ata at 40 years: reflections from the Lancet Commission on Investing inHealth


Autore David A. Watkins

Autore Gavin Yamey

Autore Marco Schäferhoff

Autore Olusoji Adeyi

Autore George Alleyne

Autore Ala Alwan

Autore Seth Berkley

Autore Richard Feachem

Autore Julio Frenk

Autore Gargee Ghosh

Autore Sue J. Goldie

Autore Yan Guo

Autore Sanjeev Gupta

Autore Felicia Knaul

Autore Margaret Kruk

Autore Rachel Nugent

Autore Osondu Ogbuoji

Autore Jinyuan Qi

Autore Srinath Reddy

Autore Helen Saxenian

Autore Agnés Soucat

Autore Dean T. Jamison

Autore Lawrence H. Summers

Volume 392


Pagine 1434–1460

Titolo della pubblicazione The Lancet

ISSN 0140-6736

Data 2018

DOI 10.1016/S0140-6736(18)32389-4


Lingua eng

Abstract [...]GH2035 conveyed the importance of countries to realise theexceptionally high economic value of successful investment in healthrelative to cost. In a recent review40 of the lessons learnt from the CIH,we noted that GH2035 initiated several new directions for global health


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policy research. (appendix p 3). Since 2013, a range of new analyseshave been made as an extension to the analyses by the CIH, and thisreport provides an opportunity to disseminate these results. LICs andlower-MICs in particular have little incentive to prepare forlow-probability events in the face of so many pressing health needs.[...]health ODA and international collective action for health should fundnational preparedness and mitigate externalities of epidemics that oftenstart out in LICs and MICs. Recent trends in domestic spending In 2015,$7·3 trillion was spent on health worldwide, accounting for 7% of globalGDP. Since 2000, the health sector of the global economy has grown at afaster rate annually (4%) than the overall global economy (2·8%), and inLICs and lower-MICs health sector growth has been even faster (6%).37Growth in health spending has been primarily driven by increaseddomestic rather than external resources; external resources are only animportant source of finance in LICs, where they represent 30% of currenthealth expenditure.37 Yet LICs have generally decreased the allocationof domestic resources to health and have become even more reliant onODA for health since 2000.37 In our re-analysis of WHO's GlobalHealth Expenditure Database, we break down trends in the growth ofpublic expenditure on health (from domestic sources) and out-of-pocketspending by households (appendix pp 64–65).

Titolo abbreviato Alma-Ata at 40 years

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 13:01:15


Alone or Together? Inter-organizational affiliations of open sourcecommunities


Autore Remo Eckert

Autore Matthias Stuermer

Autore Thomas Myrach

Volume 149

Pagine 250–262

Titolo della pubblicazione The Journal of Systems & Software

ISSN 0164-1212

Data 2019

DOI 10.1016/j.jss.2018.12.007


Lingua eng

Abstract •Open source communities may establish relationships to externalorganisations.•Different arguments for or against organisationalrelationships are identified.•Decisions on the organisational form dependon how the arguments are valued.•The arguments relate to the ResourceDependence Theory and Transaction Cost Theory.•A theoretical


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explanation of different decisions on organisational forms is possible.Many of today's open source software (OSS) communities operatebeneath an umbrella organization, while others are organized entirelyindependently, and yet others follow a strategy somewhere in between,sharing certain resources and services. In our paper, we analyze fourmature OSS communities (GENIVI, PolarSys, LibreOffice andPostgreSQL) representing different organizational forms. Our qualitativecase studies illustrate that OSS communities preferring to control all oftheir resources are organized autonomously, while those focused mainlyon software development are integrated into an umbrella organization.An interjacent strategy is pursued by OSS communities affiliated with anintermediary form of organization that takes care of legal and financialissues, without prescribing organizational structures or a specific license.The findings of our case studies show that there is no one-size-fits-allapproach for OSS communities and each strategy has specific advantagesand disadvantages. Arguing with the theoretical concepts of ResourceDependence Theory (RDT) and Transaction Cost Economics (TCE), weare able to relate the findings of our qualitative empirical study totheoretical concepts explaining different organizational behavior.Therefore, this study contributes new insights concerning the inter-organizational affiliations of OSS communities thus responding to thequestion why different forms of OSS community governance exist.

Titolo abbreviato Alone or Together?

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 12:59:49


Tag:

Collaborative Software Development, Open Source Software, Oss Foundations, Oss Governance

An examination of the experience of cryptocurrency use in Russia. In search ofbetter practice


Autore Anna Zharova

Autore Ian Lloyd

Volume 34


Pagine 1300–1313

Titolo della pubblicazione Computer Law & Security Review: The International Journal ofTechnology Law and Practice

ISSN 0267-3649

Data 2018

DOI 10.1016/j.clsr.2018.09.004


Lingua eng


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Abstract This study concerns the use of crypto-currency with specific reference tothe situation in Russia. A variety of such systems exist; Bitcoin, however,is perhaps the best-known example and will be used as synonymous withthe concept throughout this article. Our findings not only show how theviews of Russian government bodies are formed and developed, but alsosheds light on the specific innovative methods which legal entities usefor development of the economy. Consideration will be given to recentdevelopments within Russia which has been more active than manycountries in seeking to clarify the status of Bitcoin and providing for theregulation of the technology.



Tag:

Blockchain, Cyber-Currencies, Future Applications, Legal Barriers to Usage, Regulatory Uses

Banking union: the disadvantages of opportunism


Autore David G. Mayes

Volume 21


Pagine 132–143

Titolo della pubblicazione Journal of Economic Policy Reform

ISSN 1748-7870

Data 2018

DOI 10.1080/17487870.2017.1396899


Lingua eng

Abstract The EU’s approach to what it describes as “banking union” is not whatone would design with a clean slate. It reflects the political constraintsand the path of history. This paper compares the institutional andoperational structure of “banking union” that has been decided upon witha complete structure. It focuses on the distortions caused by a systembased on the euro area, which excludes Europe’s most importantfinancial market. It considers the difficulties posed for the SingleResolution arrangements and the European Deposit Insurance System bythe continuing problem of the relation between weak banks andover-indebted sovereigns.

Titolo abbreviato Banking union

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 13:00:34


Tag:


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Article, Bail-In, Banking Union, Deposit Insurance, F36, G21, G38, Single Supervisory Mechanism,

Volcker Rule

Better financial reporting: Meanings and means


Autore Shyam Sunder

Volume 35


Pagine 211–223

Titolo della pubblicazione Journal of Accounting and Public Policy

ISSN 0278-4254

Data 2016

DOI 10.1016/j.jaccpubpol.2016.03.002


Lingua eng

Abstract What is the meaning of better corporate financial reporting? How canfinancial reporting be improved? There are many claims of shortcomingsof financial reporting. Conflicts among these claims point to the politicalelements of the problem inherent in collective choice in a society. Since“better” depends on the interest group whose perspective is chosen foranalysis, politics lies at the heart of accounting policy. The set of possiblemeans of arriving to any agreed upon meaning of “better” includes notonly regulation, but also social norms and market competition.Judiciously combining all three approaches, instead of relying on any onealone, may help us improve financial reporting. This paper examines themeaning and means of better financial reporting.

Titolo abbreviato Better financial reporting

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 12:55:18


Tag:

Social Norms – Analysis;

Beyond bitcoin: an early overview on smart contracts


Autore Pierluigi Cuccuru

Volume 25


Pagine 179–195

Titolo della pubblicazione International Journal of Law and Information Technology


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ISSN 0967-0769

Data 2017

DOI 10.1093/ijlit/eax003


Abstract The technology underpinning Bitcoin—the blockchain—isacknowledged to offer security, stability and efficiency to onlinetransactions. After a brief introduction to Bitcoin system, I touch uponthe most innovative implementation of blockchain technology: theso-called smart contracts, ie programmable computer protocols that areable to self-enforce the terms therein encoded upon certain triggeringconditions. First, I sketch their core functioning and benefits for digitalrelationships. Secondly, I stress their structural constraints and the issuesof regulability fully decentralized blockchains pose. The elementsunderlined highlight the reasons why the financial and banking sectorsrepresent smart contracts most immediate testing ground.

Titolo abbreviato Beyond bitcoin



Tag:

blockchain, smart contract, bitcoin, contract automation, decentralization

BEYOND BITCOIN: ISSUES IN REGULATING BLOCKCHAINTRANSACTIONS


Autore Trevor I. Kiviat

URL http://www.lexisnexis.com/hottopics/lnacademic/?verb=sr&csi=7327&sr=cite(65+Duke+L.J.+569)

Volume 65

Pagine 569–1701

Titolo della pubblicazione Duke Law Journal

ISSN 0012-7086

Data 2016

Consultato 12/2/2019, 12:56:38


Lingua eng

Titolo abbreviato BEYOND BITCOIN

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 12:56:42


Tag:


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Applications, Computer &amp, Cryptographers, Disproportionate, Governments, Implications,

Institutions, Internet Law, Introduction, Policymakers, Practitioners, Securities Law, Understanding,

Verification

Bibliometrics-based evaluation of the Blockchain research trend: 2008 – March2017


Autore Scott Miau

Autore Jiann-Min Yang

Volume 30


Pagine 1029–1045

Titolo della pubblicazione Technology Analysis & Strategic Management

ISSN 0953-7325

Data 2018

DOI 10.1080/09537325.2018.1434138


Lingua eng

Abstract The aim of this study is to review the literature growth and authorproductivity of Blockchain technology research from 2008 to March2017. 801 articles were retrieved from Scopus database and analyzedwith bibliometrics approach using different perspective views. Theauthor productivity was derived using the Lotka’s law and K-S test wasperformed to verify the reliability. The result indicates that the number ofliteratures on Blockchain is still increasing. Three stages of Blockchainresearch change were discovered. In 2008 to 2013, the topics wererelated to the Bitcoin and cryptocurrencies; in 2014 to 2015, the numberof Bitcoin literatures grew rapidly; after 2016, a lot of researchers arepaying attention to the techniques of Blockchain and smart contract.Moreover, the distribution of author productivity meets the study ofLotka. This study presents state-of-the-art and abstract the trend ofBlockchain research regarding several perspectives of bibliometricsanalysis.

Titolo abbreviato Bibliometrics-based evaluation of the Blockchain research trend



Tag:

Blockchain, Article, Bibliometrics, Lotka'S Law


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Big-data and machine learning to revamp computational toxicology and its usein risk assessment


Autore Thomas Luechtefeld

Autore Craig Rowlands

Autore Thomas Hartung

Volume 7


Pagine 732–744

Titolo della pubblicazione Toxicology Research

ISSN 2045-452X

Data 2018

DOI 10.1039/c8tx00051d


Abstract The creation of large toxicological databases and advances in machine-learning techniques have empowered computational approaches intoxicology. Work with these large databases based on regulatory data hasallowed reproducibility assessment of animal models, which highlightweaknesses in traditional in vivo methods. This should lower the bars forthe introduction of new approaches and represents a benchmark that isachievable for any alternative method validated against these methods.Quantitative Structure Activity Relationships (QSAR) models for skinsensitization, eye irritation, and other human health hazards based onthese big databases, however, also have made apparent some of thechallenges facing computational modeling, including validationchallenges, model interpretation issues, and model selection issues. Afirst implementation of machine learning-based predictions termedREACH across achieved unprecedented sensitivities of >80% withspecificities >70% in predicting the six most common acute and topicalhazards covering about two thirds of the chemical universe. While this isawaiting formal validation, it demonstrates the new quality introduced bybig data and modern data-mining technologies. The rapid increase in thediversity and number of computational models, as well as the data theyare based on, create challenges and opportunities for the use ofcomputational methods.

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 12:59:28


Bitcoin and Potosí Silver: Historical Perspectives on Cryptocurrency


Autore Zac Zimmer

Volume 58



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Pagine 307–334

Titolo della pubblicazione Technology and Culture

ISSN 0040-165X

Data 2017

DOI 10.1353/tech.2017.0038


Lingua eng

Abstract Bitcoin, the digital cryptocurrency, has been celebrated as the future ofmoney on the Internet. Although Bitcoin does present several forward-looking innovations, it also integrates a very old concept into its digitalarchitecture: the mining of precious metals. Even though Bitcoinexplicitly invokes mining as a metaphor and gold as an example forunderstanding the cryptocurrency, there has been little critical work onthe connections between Bitcoin and previous metalist currency regimes.The following essay proposes a historical comparison with colonialSouth American silver mining and the global currency regime based onthe New World silver peso it created as a way to interrogate Bitcoin. Thecomparison with colonial South America, and specifically the silvermining economy around the Cerro Rico de Potosí, will help to develop ahistorical and political understanding of Bitcoin's stakes, includingquestions of resources, labor, energy, and ecology. Mining and theextractive apparatus that accompanies it always imply massive-scaleearthworks that reshape the planet itself, a process known asterraforming. The Potosí comparison will reveal Bitcoin to form part of asimilar process of digital primitive accumulation we can provisionallyname cryptoforming.

Titolo abbreviato Bitcoin and Potosí Silver

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 12:57:25


Tag:

16th Century, Colonialism, Currency, Digital Currencies, Ecology, Economic History, Economics,

Editorials, Gold, Historical Metallurgy, International Relations, Metaphor, Mining, Politics, Silver,

Silver Mines, Terraforming

BitCoin exclusively informational money: a valuable review from 2010 to 2017


Autore Jyotir Chatterjee

Autore Le Hoang Son

Autore Srijani Ghatak

Autore Raghvendra Kumar

Autore Manju Khari

Volume 52


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Pagine 2037–2054

Titolo della pubblicazione Quality & Quantity

ISSN 0033-5177

Data 2018

DOI 10.1007/s11135-017-0605-5


Lingua eng

Abstract In this paper, we provide a state of-the-art survey over Bitcoin relatedtechnologies and sum up various challenges. Bitcoin is the first and mostprevalent decentralized crypto-currency to date. It is decentralizedpeer-to-peer digital currency in which coins are produced by anappropriated set of excavators and exchange are communicated by meansof a peer-to-peer organize. While Bitcoin gives some level of secrecy byurging clients to have any number of irregular looking Bitcoin addresses,late research demonstrates that this level of obscurity is fairly low. Thisurges clients to associate with the Bitcoin arrange through anonymizerslike Tor and propels advancement of default Tor usefulness for prevalentversatile customers. A low-asset aggressor can increase full control ofdata streams between all clients who utilized Bitcoin over Tor.Specifically, the aggressor can connect together client’s exchangespaying little respect to pen names, control which Bitcoin squares andexchanges are handed-off to the client and can defer or dispose of client’sexchanges and pieces. Bitcoins have risen as a conceivable competitor toregular monetary forms, yet other crypto-monetary forms have similarlyshowed up as competitors to the Bitcoin currency. The extendingbusiness sector of crypto-monetary forms now includes capitalcomparable to 1010 US Dollars, furnishing the scholarly communitywith a bizarre chance to examine the development of significant worth.Bitcoin is an absolutely online virtual currency, unbaked by eitherphysical wares or sovereign commitment; rather, it depends on a mix ofcryptographic security and a peer-to-peer protocol for seeing settlements.Understanding Bitcoin related technologies and challenges would helpmaximize its usage in community.

Titolo abbreviato BitCoin exclusively informational money

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 12:59:28


Tag:

Anonymity, Crypto-currencies, Decentralized, Digital currency, P2P, Peer-to-peer network, Tor, Virtual

currency

Bitcoin research across disciplines



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Autore M. Holub

Autore J. Johnson

URL https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85043588870&doi=10.1080%2f01972243.2017.1414094&partnerID=40&md5=2dc04ad139876f456d8b8424d7954897

Volume 34


Pagine 114-126

Titolo della pubblicazione Information Society

Data 2018

DOI 10.1080/01972243.2017.1414094



Tag:

Blockchain, Bitcoin, Cryptocurrency, Digital Currency, Literature, Perspective, Research

Note:

cited By 3

Bitcoin, crypto-coins, and global anti-money laundering governance


Autore M. Campbell-Verduyn

URL https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85040670549&doi=10.1007%2fs10611-017-9756-5&partnerID=40&md5=ba6c4872bdd22105d9de3300d8134e94

Volume 69


Pagine 283-305

Titolo della pubblicazione Crime, Law and Social Change

Data 2018

DOI 10.1007/s10611-017-9756-5



Tag:

Money Laundering, Networks, Risk, Digital Currencies, Ethics, Coins, Effectiveness, Governance,

Laundering of Money, Money, Organizational Effectiveness, Peer to Peer Computing, Strikes,

Technological Change


21 of 139 12/02/2019 13:09

Note:

cited By 2

Bitcoin's Academic Pedigree


Autore Arvind Narayanan

Autore Jeremy Clark

Volume 15


Pagine 20–49

Titolo della pubblicazione Queue

ISSN 1542-7749

Data 2017

DOI 10.1145/3134434.3136559


Lingua eng

Abstract The concept of cryptocurrencies is built from forgotten ideas in researchliterature.

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 12:56:22


Tag:

Computer Science

Bitcoin's academic pedigree


Autore Arvind Narayanan

Autore Jeremy Clark

Volume 60


Pagine 36–45

Titolo della pubblicazione Communications of the ACM

ISSN 1557-7317

Data 2017

DOI 10.1145/3132259


Lingua eng


22 of 139 12/02/2019 13:09

Abstract The concept of cryptocurrencies is built from forgotten ideas in researchliterature.

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 12:56:22


Tag:

Computer Science, Engineering, Mathematics

Blockchain and Its Coming Impact on Financial Services


Autore Kurt Fanning

Autore David P. Centers

Volume 27


Pagine 53–57

Titolo della pubblicazione Journal of Corporate Accounting & Finance

ISSN 1044-8136

Data 2016

DOI 10.1002/jcaf.22179


Abstract This article provides insight into how “Blockchains” work. A block chainor Blockchain is a distributed database that maintains a continuouslygrowing list of data records that are hardened against tampering andrevision, even by operators of the data store's nodes. One can view aBlockchain as a public ledger of all transactions that have ever beenexecuted. It is constantly growing as completed blocks are added toprevious blocks forming a chain. Importantly, blocks are added to theBlockchain in a linear, chronological order. Each miner gets a copy of theBlockchain when joining the Bitcoin network. The Blockchain theyreceive has complete and accurate information about the addresses andtheir balances right from the genesis block to the most recentlycompleted block. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 12:53:56


Tag:

United States–Us ; Data Bases ; Records Management ; Data Integrity ; Financial Services ; Digital

Currencies;

Blockchain and the future of energy


23 of 139 12/02/2019 13:09


Autore Vlada Brilliantova

Autore Thomas Wolfgang Thurner

Titolo della pubblicazione Technology in Society

ISSN 0160-791X

Data 2018

DOI 10.1016/j.techsoc.2018.11.001


Lingua eng

Abstract This paper discusses the emergence of blockchain technology in theenergy sector in the light of ongoing energy market transformation. Thestudy builds on literature research and expert interviews, and providesinsights into the future energy landscape in the context of the blockchainadvent. While the interviewees acknowledge the great, though disruptive,potential of blockchain technology for the primary activities in theelectricity sector, there is agreement that inflexible regulatoryframeworks impose the biggest challenge. The widest impact whichblockchain technology will have in the short-term will be in electricvehicle integration, while in the long-term blockchain will enablepeer-to-peer microgrids. The role that the blockchain will play, though,relies mainly on the business model innovation in energy. While agrowing body of literature discusses specific blockchain applications andsolutions in an advanced technological set-up, this paper presents aholistic picture of the blockchain applicability in the energy sector andthematises this very powerful and versatile technology against thebackground of two emerging economies: South Africa and Russia. •Theelectricity sector is testing the blockchain technology in an attempt tosupport the decentralisation of energy production, while the oil & gassector uses the blockchain for business process optimisation.•Thenear-term outlook is mainly associated with the blockchain-enabledelectric vehicle integration. The long-term impact is uncertain.•Althoughthe blockchain is very applicable to decentralised systems and could helpovercome a lot of energy-related issues, their regulatory frameworks arevery inflexible.•For the blockchain technology to play a bigger role in theenergy field, more business model innovations for the energy sector areneeded.•Most likely those systems will play a wider role for energymarkets across the globe.



Tag:

Blockchain, Peer-to-Peer, Application, Decentralised Generation, Distributed Energy Resources,

Energy Exchange, Power Sector, Transactive Energy


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Blockchain and value systems in the sharing economy: The illustrative case ofBackfeed


Autore Alex Pazaitis

Autore Primavera De Filippi

Autore Vasilis Kostakis

Volume 125

Numero di fascicolo C

Pagine 105–115

Titolo della pubblicazione Technological Forecasting & Social Change

ISSN 0040-1625

Data 2017

DOI 10.1016/j.techfore.2017.05.025


Lingua eng

Abstract This article explores the potential of blockchain technology in enabling anew system of value that will better support the dynamics of socialsharing. Our study begins with a discussion of the evolution of valueperceptions in the history of economic thought. Starting with a view onvalue as a coordination mechanism that defines meaningful action withina certain context, we associate the price system with the establishment ofcapitalism and the industrial economy. We then discuss its relevance tothe information economy, exhibited as the techno-economic context ofthe sharing economy, and identify new modalities of value creation thatbetter reflect the social relations of sharing. Through the illustrative caseof Backfeed, a new system of value is envisioned, comprising threelayers: (a) production of value; (b) record of value; and (c) actualisationof value. In this framework, we discuss the solutions featured byBackfeed and describe a conceptual economic model ofblockchain-based decentralised cooperation. We conclude with atentative scenario for blockchain technology that can enable the creationof commons-oriented ecosystems in a sharing economy. •The role ofvalue is discussed in relation to economic systems.•Commons-basedmodalities of value creation are discussed in the information economy.•Aframework is developed illustrating a new system of value for socialsharing.•A case study envisions a model of blockchain-baseddecentralised cooperation.•A blockchain-enabled commons-orientedapproach in the sharing economy is proposed.

Titolo abbreviato Blockchain and value systems in the sharing economy



Tag:

Blockchain, Backfeed, Information Economy, Theory of Value


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Allegati

Submitted Version

Submitted Version

Blockchain in government: Benefits and implications of distributed ledgertechnology for information sharing


Autore S. Ølnes

Autore J. Ubacht

Autore M. Janssen

URL https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85032571246&doi=10.1016%2fj.giq.2017.09.007&partnerID=40&md5=249a71b8948ecb79a1b4ab60b9aaaa3a

Volume 34


Pagine 355-364

Titolo della pubblicazione Government Information Quarterly

Data 2017

DOI 10.1016/j.giq.2017.09.007



Tag:

Blockchain, Information Sharing, Trust, Smart Contracts, Applications, Distributed Ledger,

Intermediation, Transforming Government

Note:

cited By 24

Blockchain technology for enhancing supply chain resilience


Autore Hokey Min

Volume 62


Pagine 35–45

Titolo della pubblicazione Business Horizons

ISSN 0007-6813


26 of 139 12/02/2019 13:09

Data 2019

DOI 10.1016/j.bushor.2018.08.012


Lingua eng

Abstract With the soaring value of bitcoin and frenzy over cryptocurrency, theblockchain technology that sparked the bitcoin revolution has receivedheightened attention from both practitioners and academics. Blockchaintechnology often causes controversies surrounding its applicationpotential and business ramifications. The blockchain is a peer-to-peernetwork of information technology that keeps records of digital assettransactions using distributed ledgers that are free from control byintermediaries such as banks and governments. Thus, it can mitigate risksassociated with intermediaries’ interventions, including hacking,compromised privacy, vulnerability to political turmoil, costlycompliance with government rules and regulation, instability of financialinstitutions, and contractual disputes. This article unlocks the mystique ofblockchain technology and discusses ways to leverage blockchaintechnology to enhance supply chain resilience in times of increased risksand uncertainty.

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 12:57:25


Tag:

Blockchain Architecture, Blockchain Technology, Cryptocurrency, Supply Chain Resilience, Supply

Chain Risk Management

Blockchain, bank credit and SME financing


Autore Rui Wang

Autore Zhangxi Lin

Autore Hang Luo

Pagine 1–14

Titolo della pubblicazione Quality and Quantity

ISSN 0033-5177

Data 2018

DOI 10.1007/s11135-018-0806-6


Lingua eng

Abstract Blockchain is an emerging decentralized architecture and distributedcomputing paradigm and has recently attracted intensive attention fromall sectors of society. This paper sets up a theoretical model to analyze anew credit pattern that allows small and medium-sized enterprises(SMEs) assessing bank loans through the blochchain technology.


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Theoretical analysis demonstrates that the blockchain technology enablesthe decentralized consensus recording of success of debt repayment ordebt default rendered by verifying and validating certain lending andborrowing activities in distributed ledgers. In the newly proposedblockchain embedded credit system, SMEs with low-risk andhigh-quality could display their credibility and risk class throughinformation distribution. They are more likely to access bank loans evenif they are not able to provide collateral. Results derived from thetheoretical model present two main findings. First, the alleviation ofinformation asymmetry and credit rationing problems can be achievedthrough decentralized consensus and information distribution among allparticipants. Second, the risk sharing mechanism involving government,banks and firms, will not only make the establishment of such aninnovative system possible, but also create risk pool for the blockchainbased lending and borrowing.



Tag:

Blockchain, Technology, Architecture, Banking, Credibility, Credit, Credit rationing, Credit Rationing,

Financial Support, G21, G30, Information asymmetry, Information Asymmetry, Information

Dissemination, Loans, O33, Risk, Small & Medium Sized Enterprises-Sme, Smes Financing, SMEs

financing

Blockchain: a secure, decentralized, trusted cyber infrastructure solution forfuture energy systems


Autore Zhaoyang DONG

Autore Fengji LUO

Autore Gaoqi LIANG

URL http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40565-018-0418-0

Volume 6


Pagine 958–967

Titolo della pubblicazione Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy

ISSN 2196-5625

Data 2018

DOI 10.1007/s40565-018-0418-0

Consultato 6/2/2019, 10:13:53


Lingua eng


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Abstract Modern power systems are rapidly evolving into complex cyber-physicalsystems. The increasingly complex interaction among different energyentities calls for a secure, efficient, and robust cyber infrastructure. As anemerging distributed computing technology, Blockchain provides asecure environment to support such interactions. This paper gives aprospective on using Blockchain as a secure, distributed cyberinfrastructure for the future grid. Firstly, the basic principles ofBlockchain and its state-of-the-art are introduced. Then, a Blockchainbased smart grid cyber-physical infrastructure model is proposed.Afterwards, some promising application domains of Blockchain in futuregrids are presented. Following this, some potential challenges arediscussed.

Titolo abbreviato Blockchain



Tag:

Blockchain, Distributed computing, Energy internet, Smart grid

Allegati

Full Text

Full Text

Blockchain's roles in strengthening cybersecurity and protecting privacy


Autore N. Kshetri

URL https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85029692903&doi=10.1016%2fj.telpol.2017.09.003&partnerID=40&md5=5334e3694e917bcd1cb4773bad733e04

Volume 41


Pagine 1027-1038

Titolo della pubblicazione Telecommunications Policy

Data 2017

DOI 10.1016/j.telpol.2017.09.003



Tag:

Blockchain, Cybersecurity, Supply Chain, Privacy, Cloud Computing, Internet of Things

Note:


29 of 139 12/02/2019 13:09

cited By 22

Caribbean futures in the offshore Anthropocene: Debt, disaster, and duration


Autore Mimi Sheller

Volume 36


Pagine 971–986

Titolo della pubblicazione Environment and Planning D: Society and Space

ISSN 0263-7758

Data 2018

DOI 10.1177/0263775818800849


Lingua eng

Abstract The devastating impacts of Hurricanes Irma and Maria across theCaribbean (especially in Barbuda, Dominica, Puerto Rico, St Martin/StMaarten, and parts of the British and US Virgin Islands) are hauntingharbingers of a world of climate disaster, halting recovery, andimpossible futures. Being at the leading edge of the global capitalistexploitation of people and other living and non-living beings in a world-spanning system of vast inequity and severe injustice, Caribbeanthinkers, writers, poets, philosophers, activists, and artists have longlived with, dwelt upon, and offered answers to the problem of beinghuman after Man, as Sylvia Wynter puts it. This reflection on islandfuturing and defuturing offers a critical analysis of Caribbean “disasterrecovery” and “climate adaptation” based on an understanding of thedisjuncture between three uneven spatio-temporal realities: (1) thedecelerating “islanding effects” of debt, foreign aid, and austerity; (2) theaccelerating mobilities of the “offshore” and extended operationallandscapes of “planetary urbanization”; and (3) the durationalim/mobilities of Amerindian survival, Maroon escape, andBlack/Indigenous cultural endurance of alternative ontologies.

Titolo abbreviato Caribbean futures in the offshore Anthropocene

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 12:58:21


Tag:

Caribbean Theory, Climate Change, Futuring, Hurricanes, Islands, Social Sciences (General),

Sociology & Social History

Citizen utilities: The emerging power paradigm


30 of 139 12/02/2019 13:09


Autore Jemma Green

Autore Peter Newman

Volume 105

Pagine 283–293

Titolo della pubblicazione Energy Policy

ISSN 0301-4215

Data 2017

DOI 10.1016/j.enpol.2017.02.004


Lingua eng

Abstract The emergence of citizen-based power systems in an integrated grid hasbeen anticipated for decades. We can reveal how this is emerging inpractice due to the significant uptake of solar photovoltaics (solar PV)and now battery storage in Perth, Australia. The high cost of electricity,high radiant energy levels and easy access to cheap Chinese technology,has led to dramatic buying during Perth's recent boomtown years. Thetraditional uni-directional power system is rapidly disrupting and thispaper assesses where this may lead and what it means for the grid.Results of detailed monitoring in a solar powered house along with theimpact of a battery storage system show the impact on the traditional gridis substantial but it will still be needed and must therefore adapt to thenew distributed, bi-directional energy system. Surveys and pricetrajectories reveal how the trends to solar power storage will continueand how a citizen utility paradigm will emerge as the future grid buildingblock using new blockchain support systems. Responses from utilitiesare then see to be fight, flight or innovate. •Citizen based power systemsare emerging in Perth, Western Australia.•Solar power and batterystorage systems are disrupting traditional utilities.•The grid will still havea role in the new, distributed power system.•The new system will lead toeconomic localism and the democratisation of power.

Titolo abbreviato Citizen utilities

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 13:01:15


Tag:

Battery Storage, Citizen Utilities, Distributed Power, Grid, Solar Power

Configuring blockchain architectures for transaction information in blockchainconsortiums: The case of accounting and supply chain systems


Autore D.E. O'Leary


31 of 139 12/02/2019 13:09

URL https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85037085251&doi=10.1002%2fisaf.1417&partnerID=40&md5=ebae1b250247c1d646fc590bbfdfa347

Volume 24


Pagine 138-147

Titolo della pubblicazione Intelligent Systems in Accounting, Finance and Management

Data 2017

DOI 10.1002/isaf.1417



Tag:

Blockchain, Accounting Blockchain, Architecture, Cloud Blockchain, Consortium Blockchain, Crowd‐

Managed Blockchain, Databases And Blockchain, Hybrid Blockchain, Private Blockchain, Private

Processes, Public Processes, Reengineering, Supply Chain Blockchain

Note:

cited By 10

Construction and Real Estate Markets: From Crisis to Growth


Autore M. Kamenetskii

Autore N. Yas’kova

Volume 29


Pagine 35–40

Titolo della pubblicazione Studies on Russian Economic Development

ISSN 1075-7007

Data 2018

DOI 10.1134/S1075700718010070


Lingua eng

Abstract The paper assesses the growth prospects of the construction and realestate markets. The extent to which the construction industry is preparedfor effectively participating in the transformation of the structure ofcapital funds in the national economy is considered. Proposals are madeto overcome the contradictions between the requirements formodernizing the real estate market and the insufficient readiness of theconstruction sector for quality growth.


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Titolo abbreviato Construction and Real Estate Markets

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 12:58:58


Tag:

Real Estate ; Economic Forecasting;

Contesting the decision: living in (and living with) the smart city


Autore Matthew Jewell

Volume 32

Numero di fascicolo 2-3

Pagine 210–229

Titolo della pubblicazione International Review of Law, Computers & Technology

ISSN 1360-0869

Data 2018

DOI 10.1080/13600869.2018.1457000


Lingua eng

Abstract This paper proposes that ‘smart city’ initiatives provide a timely andpragmatic site of inquiry for legal scholarship to address the type ofconcerns being raised of ubiquitous computing, advances in machinedecision-making and other so-called smart technologies. Delivered intwo parts, I first describe the current state of smart city scholarship andexplore how adopting a ‘place-sensitive’ approach might encourage legalscholarship to ground itself in the challenges faced by people situated insuch an environment. Second, accepting the smart city as a site whereregulation is increasingly designed into our environments and one inwhich there will inevitably be unresolved conflicts and tension, Icontinue to map this work to the body of scholarship exploringautomated decision-making, data-driven policy and the algorithm bystimulating a discussion of what it might mean to protect the ability to‘contest’ machine decision-making provided for in Article 22(3) of theEU General Data Protection Regulation 2016. Accordingly, I questionwhether we must also be cautious not to erode the ability to counter orexist outside of authority and tentatively provide two areas of behaviourwhere such a practice may prove valuable in supporting the city as a siteof contestation and dissensus.

Titolo abbreviato Contesting the decision

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 12:59:49


Tag:


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Article, Contestability, Resistance, Smart City

Converging blockchain and next-generation artificial intelligence technologiesto decentralize and accelerate biomedical research and healthcare


Autore Polina Mamoshina

Autore Lucy Ojomoko

Autore Yury Yanovich

Autore Alex Ostrovski

Autore Alex Botezatu

Autore Pavel Prikhodko

Autore Eugene Izumchenko

Autore Alexander Aliper

Autore Konstantin Romantsov

Autore Alexander Zhebrak

Autore Iraneus Obioma Ogu

Autore Alex Zhavoronkov

Volume 9


Pagine 5665–5690

Titolo della pubblicazione Oncotarget

ISSN 1949-2553

Data 2017

DOI 10.18632/oncotarget.22345


Abstract The increased availability of data and recent advancements in artificialintelligence present the unprecedented opportunities in healthcare andmajor challenges for the patients, developers, providers and regulators.The novel deep learning and transfer learning techniques are turning anydata about the person into medical data transforming simple facialpictures and videos into powerful sources of data for predictive analytics.Presently, the patients do not have control over the access privileges totheir medical records and remain unaware of the true value of the datathey have. In this paper, we provide an overview of the next-generationartificial intelligence and blockchain technologies and present innovativesolutions that may be used to accelerate the biomedical research andenable patients with new tools to control and profit from their personaldata as well with the incentives to undergo constant health monitoring.We introduce new concepts to appraise and evaluate personal records,including the combination-, time- and relationship-value of the data. Wealso present a roadmap for a blockchain-enabled decentralized personalhealth data ecosystem to enable novel approaches for drug discovery,biomarker development, and preventative healthcare. A secure and


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transparent distributed personal data marketplace utilizing blockchainand deep learning technologies may be able to resolve the challengesfaced by the regulators and return the control over personal dataincluding medical records back to the individuals.



Tag:

blockchain, artificial intelligence, data management, deep learning, digital health, Research Paper

Allegati

Full Text

Full Text

Full Text

Copyright Law on Blockchains: Between New Forms of Rights Administrationand Digital Rights Management 2.0


Autore M. Finck

Autore V. Moscon

URL https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85060761477&doi=10.1007%2fs40319-018-00776-8&partnerID=40&md5=e2d99930dd09733e6833aa4fbe7ff3c4

Volume 50


Pagine 77-108

Titolo della pubblicazione IIC International Review of Intellectual Property and Competition Law

Data 2019

DOI 10.1007/s40319-018-00776-8



Tag:

Blockchain, Copyright, Digital rights management, Permitted uses, Private ordering, Smart contracts

Note:

cited By 0


35 of 139 12/02/2019 13:09

Corporate Governance and Blockchains *


Autore David Yermack

Volume 21


Pagine 7–31

Titolo della pubblicazione Review of Finance

ISSN 1572-3097

Data 2017

DOI 10.1093/rof/rfw074


Abstract Blockchains represent a novel application of cryptography andinformation technology to age-old problems of financial record-keeping,and they may lead to far-reaching changes in corporate governance.Many major players in the financial industry have began to invest in thisnew technology, and stock exchanges have proposed using blockchainsas a new method for trading corporate equities and tracking theirownership. This essay evaluates the potential implications of thesechanges for managers, institutional investors, small shareholders,auditors, and other parties involved in corporate governance. The lowercost, greater liquidity, more accurate record-keeping, and transparency ofownership offered by blockchains may significantly upend the balance ofpower among these cohorts.

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 12:54:57


Tag:

Blockchains, Corporate governance, Executive compensation, G23, G32, G34, Shareholder activism

Allegati

Full Text

Creating markets in no-trust environments: The law and economics of smartcontracts


Autore Helen Eenmaa-Dimitrieva

Autore Maria José Schmidt-Kessen


ISSN 0267-3649


36 of 139 12/02/2019 13:09

Data 2018

DOI 10.1016/j.clsr.2018.09.003


Lingua eng

Abstract Smart contracts, self-executing agreements based on blockchaintechnology, have the capacity to create trust in what we term no-trustcontracting environments. We argue that using them in suchenvironments is the path to unleash the full potential of smart contracts.Compared to the contract enforcement mechanisms characterized bytraditional contract law or relational contracts, smart contracts can offer asuperior solution for facilitating trade.Several lawyers and economistshave debated whether smart contracts might offer the prospect ofcheaper, faster and better transactions. As we discuss below, contract lawscholars caution that they neither replicate the relational context essentialfor the day-to-day practice of contracting nor offer a superior solution toproblems addressed by traditional contract law, such as contract validityand legality. We clarify and systematize the current thinking on the legalnature and reliability of smart contracts, and address the concerns ofcontract law scholars. While doing that, we suggest a step forward incharacterizing contracting environments, contract enforcementmechanisms and the trust relationship underlying contracts.

Titolo abbreviato Creating markets in no-trust environments



Tag:

Blockchain, Contract Law, Enforcement, No-Trust, Primary: Law and Economics, Relational

Contracts, Secondary: Efficient Breach, Smart Contracts, Trust, Trustless Trust

Credibility, Replicability, and Reproducibility in Simulation for Biomedicineand Clinical Applications in Neuroscience


Autore Lealem Mulugeta

Autore Andrew Drach

Autore Ahmet Erdemir

Autore C. A. Hunt

Autore Marc Horner

Autore Joy P. Ku

Autore Jerry G. Myers Jr

Autore Rajanikanth Vadigepalli

Autore William W. Lytton

Volume 12


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Pagine 18

Titolo della pubblicazione Frontiers in Neuroinformatics

ISSN 1662-5196

Data 2018

DOI 10.3389/fninf.2018.00018


Abstract Modeling and simulation in computational neuroscience is currently aresearch enterprise to better understand neural systems. It is not yetdirectly applicable to the problems of patients with brain disease. To beused for clinical applications, there must not only be considerableprogress in the field but also a concerted effort to use best practices inorder to demonstrate model credibility to regulatory bodies, to clinics andhospitals, to doctors, and to patients. In doing this for neuroscience, wecan learn lessons from long-standing practices in other areas ofsimulation (aircraft, computer chips), from software engineering, andfrom other biomedical disciplines. In this manuscript, we introduce somebasic concepts that will be important in the development of credibleclinical neuroscience models: reproducibility and replicability;verification and validation; model configuration; and procedures andprocesses for credible mechanistic multiscale modeling. We also discusshow garnering strong community involvement can promote modelcredibility. Finally, in addition to direct usage with patients, we note thepotential for simulation usage in the area of Simulation-Based MedicalEducation, an area which to date has been primarily reliant on physicalmodels (mannequins) and scenario-based simulations rather than onnumerical simulations.

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 13:00:55


Tag:

computational neuroscience, mechanistic modeling, model sharing, modeling and simulations,

multiscale modeling, Neuroscience, personalized and precision medicine, Simulation-Based Medical

Education, verification and validation

Allegati

Full Text

Cross-border cooperation in financial regulation: crossing the Fintech bridge


Autore Lev Bromberg

Autore Andrew Godwin

Autore Ian Ramsay

Volume 13


38 of 139 12/02/2019 13:09


Pagine 59–84

Titolo della pubblicazione Capital Markets Law Journal

ISSN 1750-7219

Data 2018

DOI 10.1093/cmlj/kmx041


Abstract Considers how the growth of financial technology (fintech) is likely toaffect cross-border co-operation in financial regulation. Examines typesof regulatory co-operation, how memorandums of understandingdeveloped into cross-border securities enforcement, their benefits anddrawbacks, and the role of the International Organization of SecuritiesCommissions. Discusses potential future developments to improveco-operation in respect of fintech.

Titolo abbreviato Cross-border cooperation in financial regulation

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 13:00:34


Tag:

Financial Regulation ; Banking and Finance ; Information Technology ; International Law ; Fintech ;

International Organization of Securities Commissions ; International Co-Operation ; Law;

Cryptocurrencies as a financial asset: A systematic analysis


Autore Shaen Corbet

Autore Brian Lucey

Autore Andrew Urquhart

Autore Larisa Yarovaya

Pagine <xocs:firstpage xmlns:xocs=""/>

Titolo della pubblicazione International Review of Financial Analysis

ISSN 1057-5219

Data 2018

DOI 10.1016/j.irfa.2018.09.003


Lingua eng

Abstract This paper provides a systematic review of the empirical literature basedon the major topics that have been associated with the market forcryptocurrencies since their development as a financial asset in 2009.Despite astonishing price appreciation in recent years, cryptocurrencieshave been subjected to accusations of pricing bubbles central to thetrilemma that exists between regulatory oversight, the potential for illicituse through its anonymity within a young under-developed exchange


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system, and infrastructural breaches influenced by the growth ofcybercriminality. Each influences the perception of the role ofcryptocurrencies as a credible investment asset class and legitimate ofvalue.

Titolo abbreviato Cryptocurrencies as a financial asset

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 12:57:25


Tag:

Cryptocurrencies, Cybercriminality, F31, G18, Pricing Bubbles, Regulation, Systematic Literature

Review

Cryptocurrency: governance for what was meant to be ungovernable


Autore Benjamin Trump

Autore Emily Wells

Autore Joshua Trump

Autore Igor Linkov

Volume 38


Pagine 426–430

Titolo della pubblicazione Environment Systems and Decisions

ISSN 2194-5403

Data 2018

DOI 10.1007/s10669-018-9703-8


Lingua eng

Abstract Cryptocurrencies have the potential to revolutionize the exchange ofinformation and money through blockchain and distributed ledgertechnologies. Despite the promise of such underlying technologies, theirreliance upon distributed consensus processes to approve softwareupdates raises the potential for governance failures to destabilize a givencryptocurrency. These governance failures, known as ‘hard forks,’ canseparate a cryptocurrency into two rival camps. Where such events candestabilize a given cryptocurrency’s value, and instill distrust in thecapacity of a cryptocurrency to survive as a reliable vehicle of exchange,it is imperative for the cryptocurrency community to improve theirgovernance processes and limit the potential for hard forks to occur.While the distributed nature of cryptocurrency governance makes anytraditional governing process unlikely to succeed, anticipatoryapproaches that establish thresholds and metrics to determine whensoftware reform is necessary may help alleviate the governance failurespresented by many hard forks.


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Titolo abbreviato Cryptocurrency



Tag:

Blockchain, Bitcoin, Cryptocurrency, Anticipatory governance, Distributed ledger technologies

Cyber-secure decentralized energy management for IoT-enabled activedistribution networks


Autore Zhiyi LI

Autore Mohammad SHAHIDEHPOUR

Autore Xuan LIU


Volume 6


Pagine 900–917

Titolo della pubblicazione Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy

ISSN 2196-5625

Data 2018

DOI 10.1007/s40565-018-0425-1

Consultato 6/2/2019, 10:19:33


Lingua eng

Abstract This paper provides a strategic solution for enhancing the cybersecurityof power distribution system operations when information and operationtechnologies converge in active distribution network (ADN). The paperfirst investigates the significance of Internet of Things (IoT) in enablingfine-grained observability and controllability of ADN in networkedmicrogrids. Given severe cybersecurity vulnerabilities embedded inconventionally centralized energy management schemes, the paper thenproposes a cyber-secure decentralized energy management frameworkthat applies a distributed decision-making intelligence to networkedmicrogrids while securing their individual mandates for optimaloperation. In particular, the proposed framework takes advantage ofsoftware-defined networking technologies that can securecommunications among IoT devices in individual microgrids, andexploits potentials for introducing blockchain technologies that canpreserve the integrity of communications among networked microgridsin ADN. Furthermore, the paper presents the details of applicationscenarios where the proposed framework is employed to securepeer-to-peer transactive energy management based on a set ofinteroperable blockchains. It is finally concluded that the proposed


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framework can play a significant role in enhancing the efficiency,reliability, resilience, and sustainability of electricity services in ADN.



Tag:

Blockchain, Cybersecurity, Internet of Things, Active distribution network, Decentralized decision-

making, Networked microgrids, Transactive energy

Allegati

Full Text

Full Text

Decentralized enforcement of document lifecycle constraints


Autore Sylvain Hallé

Autore Raphaël Khoury

Autore Quentin Betti

Autore Antoine El-Hokayem

Autore Yliès Falcone

Volume 74

Numero di fascicolo P2

Pagine 117–135

Titolo della pubblicazione Information Systems

ISSN 0306-4379

Data 2018

DOI 10.1016/j.is.2017.08.002


Lingua eng

Abstract •A document can carry a tamper-proof history of its modifications.•Thishistory can be used to check constraints on that document’s lifecycle.•Animplementation shows that manipulating this history incurs lightoverhead. Artifact-centric workflows describe possible executions of abusiness process through constraints expressed from the point of view ofthe documents exchanged between principals. A sequence ofmanipulations is deemed valid as long as every document in theworkflow follows its prescribed lifecycle at all steps of the process. Sofar, establishing that a given workflow complies with artifact lifecycleshas mostly been done through static verification, or by assuming acentralized access to all artifacts where these constraints can bemonitored and enforced. We present in this paper an alternate method ofenforcing document lifecycles that requires neither static verification nor


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single-point access. Rather, the document itself is designed to carryfragments of its history, protected from tampering using hashing andpublic-key encryption. Any principal involved in the process can verifyat any time that the history of a document complies with a givenlifecycle. Moreover, the proposed system also enforces accesspermissions: not all actions are visible to all principals, and one can onlymodify and verify what one is allowed to observe. These concepts havebeen implemented in a software library called Artichoke, and empiricallytested for performance and scalability.

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 12:57:25


Tag:

Artichoke-X, Business Artifact, Business Process, Business Process Modelling Language,

Confidentiality, Distributed Enforcement, Document Lifecycle, Finite-State Automata, Hash Functions,

Lifecycle Policy, Linear Temporal Logic, Policy Enforcement, Portable Document Format, Public-Key

Encryption, Runtime Monitoring, Smart Cards, Tamper-Proof History, Trace Validation, Uml Statechart

Allegati

Submitted Version

Designing confidentiality-preserving Blockchain-based transaction processingsystems


Autore Yunsen Wang

Autore Alexander Kogan

Volume 30

Pagine 1–18

Titolo della pubblicazione International Journal of Accounting Information Systems

ISSN 1467-0895

Data 2018

DOI 10.1016/j.accinf.2018.06.001


Lingua eng

Abstract Blockchain is one of the most disruptive and promising emergingtechnologies, and it appears to have the potential for significantlyaffecting the accounting and auditing fields. Using blockchaintechnology, zero-knowledge proof, and homomorphic encryption, thispaper presents a design for a blockchain-based transaction processingsystem (TPS) and develops a prototype to demonstrate the functionalityof the blockchain-based TPS in real-time accounting, continuousmonitoring and fraud prevention. The computational performance of a


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blockchain-based TPS versus relational databases is evaluated anddiscussed. In anticipation of the wider applicability of blockchaintechnology to support enterprise information systems and continuousmonitoring systems, this paper presents an innovative design that utilizesthe advantages of blockchain technology while overcoming some of thekey barriers to its adoption.



Tag:

Blockchain, Continuous Monitoring, Information Confidentiality, Transaction Processing Systems

Distributed computing by leveraging and rewarding idling user resources fromP2P networks


Autore Nunziato Cassavia

Autore Sergio Flesca

Autore Michele Ianni

Autore Elio Masciari

Autore Chiara Pulice

Volume 122

Pagine 81–94

Titolo della pubblicazione Journal of Parallel and Distributed Computing

ISSN 0743-7315

Data 2018

DOI 10.1016/j.jpdc.2018.07.017


Lingua eng

Abstract Currently, many emerging computer science applications call forcollaborative solutions to complex projects that require huge amounts ofcomputing resources to be completed, e.g., physical science simulation,big data analysis. Many approaches have been proposed for highperformance computing designing a task partitioning strategy able toassign pieces of execution to the appropriate workers in order toparallelize task execution. In this paper, we describe the CoremunitiTMsystem, our peer to peer solution for solving complex works by using theidling computational resources of users connected to our network. Morein detail, we designed a framework that allows users to share their CPUand memory in a secure and efficient way. By doing this, users help eachother by asking the network computational resources when they facehigh computing demanding tasks. In this respect, as users provide theircomputational power without providing specific human skill, ourapproach can be considered as a hybrid crowdsourcing. Differently from


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many proposals available for volunteer computing, users providing theirresources are rewarded with tangible credits, i.e., they can redeem theircredits by asking for computational power to solve their own task and/orby exchanging them for money. We conducted a comprehensiveexperimental assessment in an interesting scenario as 3D rendering,which allowed us to validate the scalability and effectiveness of oursolution and its profitability for end-users. As we do not require to poweradditional resources for solving tasks (we better exploit unused resourcesalready powered instead), we hypothesize a remarkable side effect atsteady state: energy consumption reduction compared with traditionalserver farms or cloud based executions.

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 13:01:15


Tag:

Information Management – Analysis ; Peer to Peer Networking – Analysis ; Energy Consumption –

Analysis ; Crowdsourcing – Analysis ; Computer Science – Analysis;

Don Tapscott and Alex Tapscott: Blockchain Revolution


Autore Ian Klaus

Volume 11


Pagine 47–53

Titolo della pubblicazione New Global Studies

ISSN 2194-6566

Data 2017

DOI 10.1515/ngs-2017-0002


Lingua eng

Abstract A review essay on a book by Don Tapscott and Alex Tapscott,Blockchain Revolution (2016).

Titolo abbreviato Don Tapscott and Alex Tapscott

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 12:55:18


Tag:

1772, Finance, Futures (of Society), Internet, Sociology of Science; Sociology of Technology,

Technology


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E-residency and blockchain


Autore C. Sullivan

Autore E. Burger

URL https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85018940241&doi=10.1016%2fj.clsr.2017.03.016&partnerID=40&md5=67830c846caf66d9eceecf686ed9f271

Volume 33


Pagine 470-481

Titolo della pubblicazione Computer Law and Security Review

Data 2017

DOI 10.1016/j.clsr.2017.03.016



Tag:

Blockchain, Digital Identity, Data Protection, E-Residency, Kyc, Right to Identity

Note:

cited By 13

Ecosystem restoration in Europe: Can analogies to Traditional ChineseMedicine facilitate the cross-policy harmonization on managing socio-ecological systems?


Autore Kremena Gocheva

Autore Yihe Lü

Autore Feng Li

Autore Svetla Bratanova-Doncheva

Autore Nesho Chipev

Volume 657

Pagine 1553–1567

Titolo della pubblicazione Science of the Total Environment

ISSN 0048-9697

Data 2019

DOI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.11.192



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Lingua eng

Abstract EU's Biodiversity Strategy to 2020 sets a 15% restoration target.However, the understanding of restoration as a management tool remainsambiguous at EU and Member State levels.As a country with richbiodiversity but low GDP, a well-defined priority setting approach is keyfor Bulgaria. The “Methodological framework for assessment andmapping of ecosystem condition and ecosystem services in Bulgaria”proposes a transition towards ecosystem management and monitoring ofthe Socio-Ecological System (SES), to be embedded in theenvironmental policy framework.We extend the analogy between SESand the human body's system in the Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM)as a way to inform restoration priority setting and development ofrestoration and monitoring tools at several levels:1.Overall objective: thesustainability goals correspond to the TCM's objective of a healthy,balanced body2.Restoration objectives and functioning: the desiredecosystem state can be better understood in analogy between theecosystem structure and functioning framework for multiparametricoptimization, and the TCM framework of Ying-Yang, Eight principles,Five elements and organs3.Ecosystem monitoring: Integrated monitoringmay benefit from comparison to TCM diagnostics4.Ecosystemmanagement approaches can benefit from the analogy to the TCMsystem of meridiansWe apply the analogy and find that spatially explicitdecision making on restoration, streamlined ecosystem monitoring and anumber of other issues (green infrastructure, designation of protectedareas, defragmentation and connectivity, cumulative impact assessment,etc.), are easier to understand, communicate, account for and manage.Ecosystem restoration is priority for China and the country hasaccumulated research and practical experience, including study of linksbetween ecosystem management and the historical principles of Chinesephilosophy.The Bulgarian and European approach to ecosystem basedmanagement can benefit from analogies to TCM. We derive policyrecommendations by analogy, and illustrate them on the example ofNatural Capital Accounting. Unlabelled Image •Ecosystem condition is acomplex concept eluding policymakers, research and thepublic.•Analogy to Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) helpsunderstanding complexity in socio-ecological systems.•We found directanalogy between TCM concepts and the Bulgarian ecosystem mappingframework.•Systematic analogy can support the streamlining ofecosystem governance.•We illustrate the use of analogy by applying it forlinking to Natural Capital Accounting.

Titolo abbreviato Ecosystem restoration in Europe

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 13:01:40


Tag:

Ecosystem Based Management and Monitoring, Ecosystem Restoration Targets, Multi-Parametric

Optimization of Ecosystem Services Production, Socio-Ecological System, Trade-Offs, Traditional

Chinese Medicine


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Emerging trends in aquaculture value chain research


Autore Simon R. Bush

Autore Ben Belton

Autore David C. Little

Autore Md Saidul Islam

Volume 498

Pagine 428–434

Titolo della pubblicazione Aquaculture

ISSN 0044-8486

Data 2019

DOI 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2018.08.077


Lingua eng

Abstract This paper introduces a special issue of Aquaculture that brings togetherthe largest collection of research on aquaculture value chains compiled todate, comprising 19 individual papers and this introductory review. Theintroduction identifies five themes emerging from research onaquaculture value chains in the special issue, namely: multi-polarity,diversity and scale, dynamics of transformation, performance and equity,and technical and institutional innovation. Contrary to much research todate, the papers addressing these themes show how the expansion ofaquaculture has resulted highly diverse configurations of production forconsumption in the global South. Collectively, the papers highlight theneed for greater attention to neglected value chain segments andcategories of actor, modes of production, regulation, and innovation, andpatterns of access to benefits. The papers synthesized also affirm theneed for more rigorous and diverse future value chain research toilluminate the aquaculture sector's ongoing development, and contributeto the sustainable expansion as an increasingly important component ofthe global food system. •Synthesis of five core themes on aquaculturevalue chain research.•Aquaculture value chains not as global ascommonly thought.•Diverse configurations of aquaculture production,trade and consumption in global South.•Diverse approaches andmethodologies for aquaculture value chain research available.•Researchfocus needed on value chains in context of wider global food system.

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 13:00:55


Tag:

Development, Global South, Governance, Innovation, Sustainability, Trade, Value Chains

Enabling synergy in IoT: Platform to service and beyond


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Autore Michael P. Andersen

Autore Gabe Fierro

Autore David E. Culler

Volume 81


Pagine 96–110

Titolo della pubblicazione Journal of Network and Computer Applications

ISSN 1084-8045

Data 2017

DOI 10.1016/j.jnca.2016.10.017


Lingua eng

Abstract To enable a prosperous Internet of Things (IoT), devices and servicesmust be extensible and adapt to changes in the environment or userinteraction patterns. These requirements manifest as a set of designprinciples for each of the layers in an IoT ecosystem, from hardware tocloud services. This paper gives concrete guidelines learned fromimplementing and deploying a full-stack synergistic IoT platform. Weaddress hardware design concerns and present a reference platform,Firestorm. Upon this platform, we demonstrate firmware andpersonal-area networking concerns and solutions. Moving out towardslarger scales we address local service discovery and syndication, andshow how these principles carry through to global operation wheresecurity concerns dominate.

Titolo abbreviato Enabling synergy in IoT

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 12:58:58


Tag:

Embedded Operating Systems, Internet of Things, Middleware, Publish-Subscribe, Security, Sensor

Motes, Trust, Wireless Sensor Networks

Energy consumption boomtowns in the United States: Community responses toa cryptocurrency boom


Autore Pierce Greenberg

Autore Dylan Bugden

Volume 50

Pagine 162–167

Titolo della pubblicazione Energy Research & Social Science

ISSN 2214-6296


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Data 2019

DOI 10.1016/j.erss.2018.12.005


Lingua eng

Abstract While scholars have studied the impacts of energy development boomson local communities in the U.S., much less is known about townsexperiencing energy consumption booms from industries such ascryptocurrency mining. This article proposes that energy consumptionboomtowns are unique in the risks, benefits, and conflicts theycreate—and that they provide fruitful areas of research for energy socialscientists. We illustrate this point with a brief case study of ChelanCounty, Washington—where an influx of crypto mining over the pastfive years has stirred community debate. We collected more than 100newspaper articles, public comments, and public meeting recordings toidentify the cautions, hesitations, and criticisms that have caused localregulators to take a precautionary approach. We highlight five key pointsof the debate that may be of interest to energy social scientists: (1)impacts on the local energy supply and prices, (2) unclear socioeconomicbenefits to the county, (3) the illegitimacy of cryptocurrency, (4)environmental considerations, and (5) a disconnect with local legacyindustries and community economic identity. We conclude by proposingareas of future social science research on energy consumption booms.

Titolo abbreviato Energy consumption boomtowns in the United States

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 12:55:18


Tag:

Bitcoin, Boomtowns, Crypto Mining, Cryptocurrency, Energy Justice

Energy Demand Side Management within micro-grid networks enhanced byblockchain


Autore Sana Noor

Autore Wentao Yang

Autore Miao Guo

Autore Koen H. van Dam

Autore Xiaonan Wang

Volume 228

Pagine 1385–1398

Titolo della pubblicazione Applied Energy

ISSN 0306-2619

Data 2018

DOI 10.1016/j.apenergy.2018.07.012


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Lingua eng

Abstract •Energy demand side management is optimized to improve the systemperformance.•A game theoretic approach for distributed energymanagement is developed.•Energy supply constraints and storagefacilities are evaluated.•Blockchain technology is applied for efficientand trustable micro-grid operation.•Decentralized energy supply anddemand management is implemented in practice. The management ofenergy supply and demand is becoming more challenging, especially inregions where the demand continues to grow rapidly and moreintermittent renewable supply sources are added to the energyinfrastructure. In this context, Demand Side Management (DSM) can beemployed to align supply and demand and improve reliability of thesystem under supply constraints and stretch the capacity limits of theexisting grid infrastructure. A game theoretic approach for a DSM modelincorporating storage components is suggested in this paper especiallyfor environments with energy supply constraints. The proposed model isable to not only reduce the Peak-to-Average ratio to benefit the electricalgrid, but can also smoothen the dips in the load profile caused by supplyconstraints. In a case study to demonstrate the value of the modelpresented, a variety of residential demand types are evaluated within amicro-grid to maximize the payoff utility of both individual users and thewhole system. Moreover, emerging blockchain technologies areintroduced to guarantee the seamless and secure implementation of theproposed scheme, illustrating how a decentralized demand sidemanagement approach could be implemented in practice to facilitatepeer-to-peer transactions following optimized demand profiles.



Tag:

Blockchain, Demand Side Management, Energy, Game Theory, Micro-Grid

Enhanced anti-counterfeiting measures for additive manufacturing: couplinglanthanide nanomaterial chemical signatures with blockchain technology


Autore Z. C. Kennedy

Autore D. E. Stephenson

Autore J. F. Christ

Autore T. R. Pope

Autore B. W. Arey

Autore C. A. Barrett

Autore M. G. Warner

Volume 5


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Pagine 9570–9578

Titolo della pubblicazione Journal of Materials Chemistry C

ISSN 2050-7526

Data 2017

DOI 10.1039/c7tc03348f


Abstract The significant rise of additive manufacturing (AM) in recent years is inpart due to the open sourced nature of the printing processes and reducedcost and capital barriers relative to traditional manufacturing. However,this democratization of manufacturing spurs an increased demand forproducers and end-users to verify the authenticity and quality ofindividual parts. To this end, we introduce an anti-counterfeiting methodcomposed of first embedding engineered nanomaterials into features of a3D-printed part followed by non-destructive interrogation of thesefeatures to quantify a chemical signature profile. The part specificchemical signature data is then linked to a securitized, distributed, andtime-stamped blockchain ledger entry. To demonstrate the utility of thisapproach, lanthanide-aspartic acid nanoscale coordination polymers (Ln3+ -Asp NCs)/poly(lactic) acid (PLA) composites were formulated andtransformed into a filament feedstock for fused deposition modeling(FDM) 3D printing. In the present case, a quick-response (QR) codecontaining the doped Ln 3+ -Asp NCs was printed using a dual-extruderFDM printer into pure PLA parts. The QR code provides a searchablereference to an Ethereum-based blockchain entry. The QR code physicalfeatures also serve as defined areas to probe the signatures arising fromthe embedded Ln 3+ -Asp NCs. Visible fluorescence emission withUV-excitation was quantified in terms of color using a smartphonecamera and incorporated into blockchain entries. Ultimately, linkingunique chemical signature data to blockchain databases is anticipated tomake the costs of counterfeiting AM materials significantly moreprohibitive and transactions between those in the supply chain moretrustworthy.

Titolo abbreviato Enhanced anti-counterfeiting measures for additive manufacturing



Enhanced Audit Strategies for Collaborative and Accountable Data Sharing inSocial Networks


Autore Leila Bahri

Autore Barbara Carminati

Autore Elena Ferrari

Autore Andrea Bianco


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Volume 18


Pagine 1–19

Titolo della pubblicazione ACM Transactions on Internet Technology (TOIT)

ISSN 1557-6051

Data 2018

DOI 10.1145/3134439


Lingua eng

Abstract Data sharing and access control management is one of the issues stillhindering the development of decentralized online social networks(DOSNs), which are now gaining more research attention with the recentdevelopments in P2P computing, such as the secure public ledger-basedprotocols (Blockchains) for monetary systems. In a previous work, weproposed an initial audit-based model for access control in DOSNs. Inthis article, we focus on enhancing the audit strategies and the privacyissues emerging from records kept for audit purposes. We proposeenhanced audit and collaboration strategies, for which experimentalresults, on a real online social network graph with simulated sharingbehavior, show an improvement in the detection rate of bad behavior ofmore than 50% compared to the basic model. We also provide ananalysis of the related privacy issues and discuss possible privacy-preserving alternatives.

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 12:59:28


Tag:

Accountability, Apriori Access Control, Decentralized Social Networks, Engineering

EU update


Autore Kit Burden


ISSN 0267-3649

Data 2018

DOI 10.1016/j.clsr.2018.12.007


Lingua eng

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 12:56:01



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EU update


Autore Kit Burden

Volume 34


Pagine 409–418


ISSN 0267-3649

Data 2018

DOI 10.1016/j.clsr.2018.02.006


Lingua eng

Abstract This is the latest edition of the DLA Piper column on developments inEU law relating to IP, IT and telecommunications. This news articlesummarises recent developments that are considered important forpractitioners, students and academics in a wide range of informationtechnology, e-commerce, telecommunications and intellectual propertyareas. It cannot be exhaustive but intends to address the important points.This is a hard copy reference guide, but links to outside web sites areincluded where possible. No responsibility is assumed for the accuracy ofinformation contained in these links.

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 12:56:01


Tag:

Eu Law, Information Technology Law, Intellectual Property, Telecommunications Law

EU update


Autore Kit Burden

Volume 33


Pagine 729–738


ISSN 0267-3649

Data 2017

DOI 10.1016/j.clsr.2017.08.005



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Lingua eng


Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 12:56:22


Tag:


EU update


Autore Kit Burden

Volume 34


Pagine 1355–1359


ISSN 0267-3649

Data 2018

DOI 10.1016/j.clsr.2018.10.002


Lingua eng


Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 12:56:22


Tag:



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Evaluative infrastructures: Accounting for platform organization


Autore Martin Kornberger

Autore Dane Pflueger

Autore Jan Mouritsen

Volume 60

Pagine 79–95

Titolo della pubblicazione Accounting, Organizations and Society

ISSN 0361-3682

Data 2017

DOI 10.1016/j.aos.2017.05.002


Lingua eng

Abstract Platform organizations such as Uber, eBay and Airbnb represent agrowing disruptive phenomenon in contemporary capitalism,transforming economic organization, the nature of work, and thedistribution of wealth. This paper investigates the accounting practicesthat underpin this new form of organizing, and in doing so confronts asignificant challenge within the accounting literature: the need to escapewhat Hopwood (1996) describes as its “hierarchical consciousness”. Inorder to do so, this paper develops the concept of evaluativeinfrastructure which describes accounting practices that enable platformbased organization. They are evaluative because they deploy a plethoraof interacting devices, including rankings, ratings, reviews, and audits toestablish orders of worth. They are infrastructures because they providethe invisible yet essential mechanisms for the flow of economic activityand exchange on platforms. Illustrating the concept of evaluativeinfrastructure with the example of eBay, the paper's contribution is to (1)provide an analytical vocabulary to capture the accounting practicesunderpinning platforms as new organizational forms, and in so doing (2)extend accounting scholars' analytical focus from hierarchical settingstowards heterarchies. Conceptually, this shift from managementaccounting to evaluative infrastructures entails a focus on relationality(evaluative infrastructures do not represent or reference but relate things,people and ideas with each other); generativity (evaluative infrastructuresdo not territorialize objects but disclose new worlds); and new forms ofcontrol (evaluative infrastructures are not centres of calculation; rather,control is radically distributed, whilst power remains centralized).

Titolo abbreviato Evaluative infrastructures

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 12:58:58


Tag:

Accounting, Evaluation, Hierarchical Consciousness, Infrastructure, Platform Organization


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Evolutionary dynamics of the cryptocurrency market


Autore Abeer Elbahrawy

Autore Laura Alessandretti

Autore Anne Kandler

Autore Romualdo Pastor-Satorras

Autore Andrea Baronchelli

Volume 4


Pagine 170623

Titolo della pubblicazione Royal Society Open Science

ISSN 2054-5703

Data 2017

DOI 10.1098/rsos.170623


Abstract The cryptocurrency market surpassed the barrier of $100 billion marketcapitalization in June 2017, after months of steady growth. Despite itsincreasing relevance in the financial world, a comprehensive analysis ofthe whole system is still lacking, as most studies have focusedexclusively on the behaviour of one (Bitcoin) or few cryptocurrencies.Here, we consider the history of the entire market and analyse thebehaviour of 1469 cryptocurrencies introduced between April 2013 andMay 2017. We reveal that, while new cryptocurrencies appear anddisappear continuously and their market capitalization is increasing(super-)exponentially, several statistical properties of the market havebeen stable for years. These include the number of activecryptocurrencies, market share distribution and the turnover ofcryptocurrencies. Adopting an ecological perspective, we show that theso-called neutral model of evolution is able to reproduce a number of keyempirical observations, despite its simplicity and the assumption of noselective advantage of one cryptocurrency over another. Our results shedlight on the properties of the cryptocurrency market and establish a firstformal link between ecological modelling and the study of this growingsystem. We anticipate they will spark further research in this direction.

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 12:58:21


Tag:

1003, 1008, 1009, 119, 194, 50, Bitcoin, complex systems, Computer Science, cryptocurrency market,

evolutionary modelling, neutral model, Research Article

Allegati

Full Text


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Evolving process views


Autore Rik Eshuis

Autore Alex Norta

Autore Raoul Roulaux

Volume 80


Pagine 20–35

Titolo della pubblicazione Information and Software Technology

ISSN 0950-5849

Data 2016

DOI 10.1016/j.infsof.2016.08.004


Lingua eng

Abstract Context: Process views support the paradigm of Business ProcessOutsourcing, in which providers perform business processes on behalf oftheir clients. A public process view shields secret or irrelevant detailsfrom a private, internal business process, thus allowing a provider toreveal only relevant, non-confidential parts of its business process to itsclients. Providers can change their internal business processes that mayresult in inconsistencies with the corresponding processviews.Objective:This paper aims to develop an approach for propagatingchanges from an internal, private process to its public process view, suchthat the internal process and its process view remainconsistent.Method:We develop the approach in a formal way. Definitionsof process models and process views are based on BPEL, the standardlanguage for realizing process models using state-of-the-art service-oriented technology. We validate the feasibility of the approach byshowing how it can be supported by a conceptual systemarchitecture.Results:The approach relies on two key results. First, aformal characterization of the set of private changes to an internalprocess, i.e., changes that do not need to be propagated to the processview. Second, a characterization of the non-private changes that cansafely be propagated from an internal process to its process view suchthat they remain consistent. Other non-private changes result in aninternal process and a process view that are not consistent. The approachis supported by a system architecture for process-based businesscollaboration.Conclusion: The approach supports providers in deciding ifand how changes to a private, internal process propagate to its publicprocess view such that the process view and the internal process remainconsistent. The approach allows clients to monitor a public process viewsuch that they can safely track changes made to a private, internalprocess.

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 12:56:42



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Tag:

Business Process Management, Decentralized Autonomous Organization, E-Governance, Inter-

Organizational, Process Evolution, Process Visibility, Smart Contract

Examining the role of the AIS research literature using the natural experimentof the 2018 JIS conference on cloud computing


Autore Michael Alles

Volume 31

Pagine 58–74


ISSN 1467-0895

Data 2018

DOI 10.1016/j.accinf.2018.09.001


Lingua eng

Abstract This paper examines the nature and purpose of the AIS researchliterature, doing so in a focused setting that enables a more nuancedanalysis than is possible when reviewing the field as a whole.Specifically, I examine the population of the AIS literature on cloudcomputing, a technology chosen because it was the subject of therecently held 2018 Journal of Information Systems annual conference. Itreat the conference as a natural experiment because the choice of papersfor that conference is the best indication of the current state of thinkingabout not just cloud computing in AIS, but of the kind of researchconsidered desirable in the field. The published and conference papersare analyzed using the frameworks of Alles, Kogan and Vasarhelyi(2008) and O'Leary (2008) who provide a guide for how AIS researcherscan write papers that give them a comparative advantage relative toother, competing researchers, and to do the right research at the righttime in the right way. Based on this analysis, I conclude that the AIScloud computing literature largely fails to establish a clear role for itselfrelative to either the field of accounting or of cloud computing. That islargely the result of the AIS community being unwilling to distinguishbetween cloud computing as an end in itself as a research subject and thecloud as a means towards an end as a medium of data exchange.Adopting a broad perspective on the domain of AIS research yields alarger set of research topics but increases the riskiness of producingresearch that fails to add value to the broader literature. This is a lessonthat extends beyond cloud computing to the AIS research literature as awhole. •Cloud computing is a lens into the role and nature of the AISliterature.•AIS researchers are failing to demonstrate their value addedand comparative advantage relative to other disciplines.•The cloud isboth a means of communication and as an end in itself as a piece of


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technological infrastructure.•AIS research is driven by the desire to becurrent with the latest technology and not by its fit with accountingpractice.

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 12:55:18


Tag:

Accounting Information Systems, Accounting Literature, Cloud Computing

Exploratory Models in a time of Big Data


Autore Maja Mazur

Autore Ed Manley

Volume 41


Pagine 366–382

Titolo della pubblicazione Interdisciplinary Science Reviews

ISSN 0308-0188

Data 2016

DOI 10.1080/03080188.2016.1257196


Lingua eng

Abstract This paper aims to trigger discourse about the emergence of a new typeof social scientific model — Exploratory Models — which draw on BigData, computer modeling and interdisciplinary research to tacklecomplex social scientific processes. First, we define Exploratory Modelsreferring to Batty and Morgan and Morrison. We then present changes tothe traditional modeling paradigm. We show how Exploratory Modelscircumvent challenges related to the idiosyncracy, self-reflexivity andacceleration of social phenomena, which limit predictive effectiveness oftraditional models. We show that Exploratory Models are better equippedto tackle complex problems due to their capacity to processheterogeneous datasets. Having established that Exploratory Models arepredominantly problem- and data-driven, we emphasize that scientifictheory is indispensable to their progress. Finally, the development of anintegrative platform is suggested as a way of maximizing the benefits ofthis approach. Discussion concludes by flagging areas for furtherresearch.

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 13:00:34


Tag:

Article, Big Data, Exploratory Models, Scientific Theory


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Exploring DIY Practices of Complex Home Technologies


Autore Corina Sas

Autore Carman Neustaedter

Volume 24


Pagine 1–29

Titolo della pubblicazione ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI)

ISSN 1557-7325

Data 2017

DOI 10.1145/3057863


Lingua eng

Abstract We are surrounded by increasingly complex networks of smart objects,yet our understanding and attachment to them is rather limited. One wayto support stronger end users' engagement with such complextechnologies is by involving them in the design process and, with theadvent of Arduino prototyping platform, even in their making. WhileDIY practice offers the potential for stronger user engagement withphysical artifacts, we know little about end users' DIY practice of makingcomplex electronic technologies and their potential to ensure engagementwith such devices. In this article, we report on interviews with 18participants from two green communities who built and used an opensource DIY energy monitor, with the aim to explore the end users DIYpractices of making such complex electronic devices. Findings indicatefour key qualities of DIY monitors: transparent modularity,open-endedness, heirloom, and disruptiveness, and how they contributeto more meaningful engagement with the DIY monitors, elevating themfrom the status of unremarkable objects to that of things. We concludewith three implications for design for supporting end user developmentof complex electronic DIY: designing transparent open hardwaretechnologies, standardizing communication protocols for the current andfuture DIY of IoT, and deliberately calling for personal investment andlabor in the assembling of DIY kits.

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 13:00:55


Tag:

Complex Technologies, Computer Science, Diy Practices, Emotional Engagement, End User

Development, Engineering

Falsification of biotechnology drugs: current dangers and/or future disasters?


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Autore Steven Janvier

Autore Bart De Spiegeleer

Autore Celine Vanhee

Autore Eric Deconinck

Volume 161

Pagine 175–191

Titolo della pubblicazione Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis

ISSN 0731-7085

Data 2018

DOI 10.1016/j.jpba.2018.08.037


Lingua eng

Abstract •Unauthorized polypeptides and advanced anti-cancer antibodies on theblack market.•An overview of case-reports and alerts demonstrate(potential) risks to public health.•Combinations of multiple approachesnecessary to identify black market products.•Limited knowledge onpotential health hazards such as biological contaminations. Falsifiedmedical products have become a global threat since they were firstmentioned to the general public at the conference of experts on therational use of drugs organized by the world health organization (WHO)in 1985. Today, official estimates of the annual death toll due to falsifiedmedical products range between two hundred thousand and one million.Although the extent of this global problem is the most significant in thedeveloping world, an increasing number of reports have demonstratedthe presence of a substantial (black) market for falsified medical productsin the developed world. In recent years, also biotechnology drugs(synthetic peptide drugs and protein drugs) have been reported to beprone for falsifications. Next to the traditional doping related substancesand image-enhancing polypeptides (e.g., human growth hormone,melanotan II) also essential medicines such as insulin, oxytocin andmonoclonal antibodies have been falsified. The danger regarding the useof these falsified polypeptide drugs lies in the fact that end-users have noguarantee of the safety and efficacy of these preparations. Multiplereports have namely described the presence of the wrong activepharmaceutical ingredient (API), the wrong dosage or the absence of theAPI. Additionally, adverse health effects have been reported in the pastdue to toxic contaminations and product or process related impurities.Moreover, also unauthorized polypeptides or polypeptides which failedclinical trials or are still subject of clinical or pre-clinical assessmentshave been found in seizures of regulatory agencies. It stands to reasonthat regulatory agencies and analytical laboratories handling falsifiedbiotechnology drugs have stepped up efforts to counter these grievouspractices. The analysis of these falsified polypeptides and putativeimpurities is however not always straightforward. Often (bio)analyticallaboratories have to resort to a combination of electrophoretictechniques, immunological assays and mass spectrometry basedapproaches to merely identify the content of seized samples. In addition,


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the difference in size (peptide vs proteins vs monoclonal antibodies),complexity (e.g., isoforms, glycosylations) and different synthesistechniques (chemical synthesis, recombinant expression, native proteinisolation) result in a wide range of putative health risks. This reviewtherefore aims to provide a brief overview of the genuine biotherapeuticspresent on the market and their quality prerequisites. Next, we describethe identification strategy utilised by our lab to identify the API infalsified biotherapeutics, followed by a discussion of the putative hazardsdue to impurities and contaminations that were found or could beencountered in falsified biotherapeutics. Finally, we terminate with aneducational prediction of what may happen in the future and possibleways to counteract putative future disasters.

Titolo abbreviato Falsification of biotechnology drugs

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 13:00:12


Tag:

Biologicals, Falsified Drugs, Impurities, Mass Spectrometry, Peptide Drugs

Financial-return Crowdfunding and Regulatory Approaches in the ShadowBanking, FinTech and Collaborative Finance Era


Autore Eugenia Macchiavello

Volume 14


Pagine 662–722

Titolo della pubblicazione European Company and Financial Law Review

ISSN 1613-2548

Data 2018

DOI 10.1515/ecfr-2017-0030


Abstract The relationship between financial innovators and regulators has beenhistorically tense, with financial innovators taking advantage ofloopholes and regulators desperately trying to keep pace with innovationswhile dealing with limited resources and long bureaucratic processes.Nonetheless, in recent years, FinTechs – un-regulated start-ups applyingtechnology to finance – have exponentially accelerated such race,making innovative regulatory approaches and new perspectivesnecessary. The present paper discusses relevant issues pertaining to theregulation of FinTech, using financial-return crowdfunding(FR-crowdfunding) as case study and model, deriving from its FinTech,shadow banking and collaborative economy natures, importantindications for regulators. Current trends in regulating FR-crowdfundingin Member States are also analysed, together with related shortcomings


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and benefits, with the view to proposing a more harmonised regime forthe sector, tailored to its risks and features and advancing CapitalMarkets Union objectives.

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 13:00:12


Tag:

Crowdfunding – Methods ; Crowdfunding – Laws, Regulations and Rules ; Financial Services – Laws,

Regulations and Rules ; Financial Services – Innovations;

Fog data analytics: A taxonomy and process model


Autore Aparna Kumari

Autore Sudeep Tanwar

Autore Sudhanshu Tyagi

Autore Neeraj Kumar

Autore Reza M. Parizi

Autore Kim-Kwang Raymond Choo

Volume 128

Pagine 90–104

Titolo della pubblicazione Journal of Network and Computer Applications

ISSN 1084-8045

Data 2019

DOI 10.1016/j.jnca.2018.12.013


Lingua eng

Abstract Through the exponential growth of sensors and smart gadgets(collectively referred to as smart devices or Internet of Things (IoT)devices), significant amount of heterogeneous and multi-modal data,termed as Big Data (BD), is being generated. To deal with such BD, werequire efficient and effective solutions such as data mining, analytics,and reduction to be deployed at the edge of fog devices on a cloud.Existing research and development efforts generally focus on performingBD analytics overlook the difficulty of facilitating fog data analytics(FDA). In this paper, we discuss the unique nature and complexity of fogdata analytics. A detailed taxonomy for FDA is abstracted into a processmodel. The proposed model addresses various research challenges, suchas accessibility, scalability, fog nodes communication, nodalcollaboration, heterogeneity, reliability, and quality of service (QoS)requirements. To demonstrate the proposed process model, we presenttwo case studies. •Fog data analytic taxonomy and processmodel.•Healthcare fog data analytics.•Fog data analytic researchchallenges.•Comprehensive survey on BD communication and analytics.


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Titolo abbreviato Fog data analytics

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 13:00:12


Tag:

Big Data, Data Collection, Data Reduction, Data Security and Privacy, Data Storage, Fog Data

Analytics

Food for an Urban Planet: Challenges and Research Opportunities


Autore Dietrich Knorr

Autore Chor San Heng Khoo

Autore Mary Ann Augustin

Volume 4

Pagine 73

Titolo della pubblicazione Frontiers in Nutrition

ISSN 2296-861X

Data 2018

DOI 10.3389/fnut.2017.00073


Titolo abbreviato Food for an Urban Planet

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 12:53:56


Tag:

and safety, appropriate food production and processing, food, food chain, food challenge, food systems

and urbanization, health and urbanization, nutrient, nutrition, Nutrition, sustainability, water security

Allegati

Full Text

FORTY-SEVENTH SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHYONCOMPUTERS,TECHNOLOGY AND THE LAW


URL http://www.lexisnexis.com/hottopics/lnacademic/?verb=sr&csi=7327&sr=cite(42+Rutgers+Computer+%26+Tech.+L.J.+331)

Volume 42

Pagine 331–331


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Titolo della pubblicazione Rutgers Computer and Technology Law Journal

ISSN 0735-8938

Data 2016

Consultato 12/2/2019, 13:00:33


Lingua eng

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 13:00:34


Tag:

Bankruptcy Law, Bibliography, Civil Procedure, Civil Rights Law, Compilation, Computer &amp,

Constitutional Law, Copyright Law, Criminal Law &amp, Evidence, Examination, International Trade

Law, Internet Law, Introduction, Legal Ethics, Periodicals, Practitioner, Procedure, Professional,

Responsibility, Scholarship, Suggestions, Torts

From chaining blocks to breaking even: A study on the profitability of bitcoinmining from 2012 to 2016


Autore Jona Derks

Autore Jaap Gordijn

Autore Arjen Siegmann


Volume 28


Pagine 321–338

Titolo della pubblicazione Electronic Markets

ISSN 1019-6781

Data 2018

DOI 10.1007/s12525-018-0308-3

Consultato 12/2/2019, 12:58:56


Lingua eng

Abstract Bitcoin is a widely-spread payment instrument, but it is doubtful whetherthe proof-of-work (PoW) nature of the system is financially sustainableon the long term. To assess sustainability, we focus on the bitcoin minersas they play an important role in the proof-of-work consensusmechanism of bitcoin to create trust in the currency. Miners offer theirservices against a reward while recurring expenses. Our results show thatbitcoin mining has become less profitable over time to the extent thatprofits seem to converge to zero. This is what economic theory predictsfor a competitive market that has a single homogenous good. We analyze


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the actors involved in the bitcoin system as well as the value flowsbetween these actors using the e 3 value methodology. The value flowsare quantified using publicly available data about the bitcoin network.However, two important value flows for the miners, namely hardwareinvestments and expenses for electricity power, are not available frompublic sources. Therefore, we contribute an approach to estimate theinstalled base of bitcoin hardware equipment over time. Using thisestimate, we can calculate the expenses miner should have. At the end ofour analysis period, the marginal profit of mining a bitcoin becomesnegative, i.e., to a loss for the miners. This loss is caused by theconsensus mechanism of the bitcoin protocol, which requires asubstantial investment in hardware and significant recurring dailyexpenses for energy. Therefore, a sustainable crypto currency needshigher payments for miners or more energy efficient algorithms toachieve consensus in a network about the truth of the distributed ledger.

Titolo abbreviato From chaining blocks to breaking even

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 12:58:58


Tag:

Bitcoin, Business model, Financial sustainability, Mining, POW

Allegati

Full Text

From Keys to Databases—Real-World Applications of Secure Multi-PartyComputation


Autore David W. Archer

Autore Dan Bogdanov

Autore Yehuda Lindell

Autore Liina Kamm

Autore Kurt Nielsen

Autore Jakob Illeborg Pagter

Autore Nigel P. Smart

Autore Rebecca N. Wright

Autore Chris Mitchell

Volume 61


Pagine 1749–1771

Titolo della pubblicazione The Computer Journal

ISSN 0010-4620


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Data 2018

DOI 10.1093/comjnl/bxy090


Abstract We discuss the widely increasing range of applications of a cryptographictechnique called multi-party computation. For many decades, this wasperceived to be of purely theoretical interest, but now it has started tofind application in a number of use cases. We highlight in this paper anumber of these, ranging from securing small high-value items such ascryptographic keys, through to securing an entire database.

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 13:00:34


Tag:

cryptography, protocols, security

From Rai stones to Blockchains: The transformation of payments


Autore Edward A. Morse

Volume 34


Pagine 946–953


ISSN 0267-3649

Data 2018

DOI 10.1016/j.clsr.2018.05.035


Lingua eng

Abstract Computer technology has dramatically changed the marketplace,including the way we make payments. Electronic access to fundsexpands liquidity and the relationships within payment networks allowstrangers to build bridges of trust, increasing trade and humaninteraction. But electronic payment channels have also presented newchallenges in security and privacy, including new forms of criminalbehavior and tax avoidance for governments to address. This essayoutlines some of the legal, social, and technological implications fromthis transformation of payments and assesses future challenges in theelectronic payments frontier.

Titolo abbreviato From Rai stones to Blockchains

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 12:58:21


Tag:


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Cryptocurrency, Networks, Payments, Regulation

From the editor’s desk


Autore Shailendra Palvia

Volume 18


Pagine 191–192

Titolo della pubblicazione Journal of Information Technology Case and Application Research

ISSN 1522-8053

Data 2016

DOI 10.1080/15228053.2016.1275243


Lingua eng

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 12:56:01


Tag:

Editorial

Allegati

Full Text

Future directions in international financial integration research - Acrowdsourced perspective


Autore Brian M. Lucey

Autore Samuel A. Vigne

Autore Laura Ballester

Autore Leonidas Barbopoulos

Autore Janusz Brzeszczynski

Autore Oscar Carchano

Autore Nebojsa Dimic

Autore Viviana Fernandez

Autore Fabian Gogolin

Autore Ana González-Urteaga

Autore John W. Goodell

Autore Pia Helbing


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Autore Riste Ichev

Autore Fearghal Kearney

Autore Elaine Laing

Autore Charles J. Larkin

Autore Annika Lindblad

Autore Igor Lončarski

Autore Kim Cuong Ly

Autore Matej Marinč

Autore Richard J. Mcgee

Autore Frank Mcgroarty

Autore Conor Neville

Autore Martha O’hagan-Luff

Autore Vanja Piljak

Autore Aleksandar Sevic

Autore Xin Sheng

Autore Dimitrios Stafylas

Autore Andrew Urquhart

Autore Roald Versteeg

Autore Anh N. Vu

Autore Simon Wolfe

Autore Larisa Yarovaya

Autore Andrea Zaghini

Volume 55

Pagine 35–49

Titolo della pubblicazione International Review of Financial Analysis

ISSN 1057-5219

Data 2018

DOI 10.1016/j.irfa.2017.10.008


Lingua eng

Abstract This paper is the result of a crowdsourced effort to surface perspectiveson the present and future direction of international finance. The authorsare researchers in financial economics who attended the INFINITI 2017conference in the University of Valencia in June 2017 and whoparticipated in the crowdsourcing via the Overleaf platform. This paperhighlights the actual state of scientific knowledge in a multitude of fieldsin finance and proposes different directions for future research.

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 13:00:12


Tag:

Crowdsourcing, Financial Economics, Financial Research, Literature Review


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Allegati

Full Text

How Decarbonization, Digitalization and Decentralization are changing keypower infrastructures


Autore Maria Luisa Di Silvestre

Autore Salvatore Favuzza

Autore Eleonora Riva Sanseverino

Autore Gaetano Zizzo

Volume 93

Pagine 483–498

Titolo della pubblicazione Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

ISSN 1364-0321

Data 2018

DOI 10.1016/j.rser.2018.05.068


Lingua eng

Abstract This paper addresses the impact over key power infrastructures of thethree main drivers for change of these times: Decarbonization,Digitalization and Decentralization. The three phenomena, according toprominent observers, are affecting all fields of our lives but, in theliterature, it is difficult to find an analysis of their impact on electricalpower systems. The framework proposed in this paper, based on the mainpower systems evolution models proposed by CIGRE, uses data fromopen databases and tries to find out general guidelines for power systemsdevelopment at a worldwide level. Taking as reference the European andCOP21 environmental objectives and beyond, the technologicalevolution of some key enabling technologies is explored. What emergesis that HV bulk transport links, storage technologies and the so-calleddigital revolution are taking a leading role in different parts of the worldfor the development of a deep decarbonization of the electricity sector, ofnew energy business models at distribution level and of new powerdistribution architectures. •The impact over key power infrastructures ofdecarbonization, digitalization and decentralization as main drivers forchange is analyzed.•The study considers different development modelsacross EU, the US, China.•The most relevant technologies and policiesare reviewed.•Analysis of different open databases provides insight intothe different analyzed scenarios.

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 12:58:21


Tag:


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Decarbonization, Decentralization, Digitalization, Models, Power Systems

Industry 4.0 and the current status as well as future prospects on logistics


Autore Erik Hofmann

Autore Marco Rüsch

Volume 89

Pagine 23–34

Titolo della pubblicazione Computers in Industry

ISSN 0166-3615

Data 2017

DOI 10.1016/j.compind.2017.04.002


Lingua eng

Abstract •The paper seeks to answer questions regarding (i) the definition ofIndustry 4.0 and (ii) its impact on logistics management.•Industry 4.0 canbe divided into: Cyber-physical systems, internet of things, internet ofservices and the smart factory.•An Industry 4.0 application model hasbeen developed based on a detailed literature analysis.•Industry 4.0 isstill at its very beginning and the future impact on logistics managementare rather uncertain.•Nevertheless, the concept of Industry 4.0 seems tohave enormous potentials – especially in the area of logisticsmanagement. Industry 4.0, referred to as the “Fourth IndustrialRevolution”, also known as “smart manufacturing”, “industrial internet”or “integrated industry”, is currently a much-discussed topic thatsupposedly has the potential to affect entire industries by transformingthe way goods are designed, manufactured, delivered and payed. Thispaper seeks to discuss the opportunities of Industry 4.0 in the context oflogistics management, since implications are expected in this field. Theauthors pursue the goal of shedding light on the young and mostlyundiscovered topic of Industry 4.0 in the context of logisticsmanagement, thus following a conceptual research approach. At first, alogistics-oriented Industry 4.0 application model as well as the corecomponents of Industry 4.0 are presented. Different logistics scenariosillustrate potential implications in a practice-oriented manner and arediscussed with industrial experts. The studies reveal opportunities interms of decentralisation, self-regulation and efficiency. Moreover, itbecomes apparent that the concept of Industry 4.0 still lacks a clearunderstanding and is not fully established in practice yet. Theinvestigations demonstrate potential Industry 4.0 implications in thecontext of Just-in-Time/Just-in-Sequence and cross-company Kanbansystems in a precise manner. Practitioners could use the describedscenarios as a reference to foster their own Industry 4.0 initiatives, withrespect to logistics management.

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 12:58:58


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Tag:

Advanced Manufacturing, Cross-Company Kanban, Cyber-Physical Systems, Distributed Ledger

Technology, Internet of Things, Just-in-Sequence, Just-in-Time

Industry Investment Analysis of Activities of Russian TelecommunicationsCompanies


Autore L. Zubkova

Autore S. D’yachkov

Volume 29


Pagine 182–190

Titolo della pubblicazione Studies on Russian Economic Development

ISSN 1075-7007

Data 2018

DOI 10.1134/S1075700718020168


Lingua eng

Abstract The paper has proposed an algorithm for the industry investment analysisbased on the study of the generalized financial indicators of thetelecommunications industry. The analysis has made it possible toevaluate key macroeconomic indicators of the economic activity of theindustry, to comparatively evaluate the efficiency of its individualcompanies, and to determine their investment attractiveness.

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 13:00:12


Tag:

Telecommunications Industry ; Algorithms;

Integrated intelligent water-energy metering systems and informatics: Visioninga digital multi-utility service provider


Autore Rodney A. Stewart

Autore Khoi Nguyen

Autore Cara Beal


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Autore Hong Zhang

Autore Oz Sahin

Autore Edoardo Bertone

Autore Abel Silva Vieira

Autore Andrea Castelletti

Autore Andrea Cominola

Autore Matteo Giuliani

Autore Damien Giurco

Autore Michael Blumenstein

Autore Andrea Turner

Autore Ariane Liu

Autore Steven Kenway

Autore Dragan A. Savić

Autore Christos Makropoulos

Autore Panagiotis Kossieris

Volume 105

Pagine 94–117

Titolo della pubblicazione Environmental Modelling and Software

ISSN 1364-8152

Data 2018

DOI 10.1016/j.envsoft.2018.03.006


Lingua eng

Abstract Advanced metering technologies coupled with informatics creates anopportunity to form digital multi-utility service providers. Theseproviders will be able to concurrently collect a customers’ medium-highresolution water, electricity and gas demand data and provideuser-friendly platforms to feed this information back to customers andsupply/distribution utility organisations. Providers that can installlow-cost integrative systems will reap the benefits of derived operationalsynergies and access to mass markets not bounded by historical city, stateor country limits. This paper provides a vision of the requiredtransformative process and features of an integrated multi-utility serviceprovider covering the system architecture, opportunities and benefits,impediments and strategies, and business opportunities. The heart of thepaper is focused on demonstrating data modelling processes andinformatics opportunities for contemporaneously collected demand data,through illustrative examples and four informative water-energy nexuscase studies. Finally, the paper provides an overview of thetransformative R&D priorities to realise the vision. •Vision of anintegrated digital multi-utility provider.•Benefits, opportunities andimpediments to a digital multi-utility service provider.•Examples andcase studies demonstrating contemporaneous water-energy nexusmodelling.•Research and development priorities for digital multi-utilitytransformation.

Titolo abbreviato Integrated intelligent water-energy metering systems and informatics


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Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 13:01:15


Tag:

Big Data, Demand Management, Digital Metering, Multi-Utility, Smart Metering, Water-Energy Nexus

Integrating the ‘Troublemakers’: A taxonomy for cooperation between banksand fintechs


Autore Benedict J. Drasch

Autore André Schweizer

Autore Nils Urbach

Volume 100

Pagine 26–42

Titolo della pubblicazione Journal of Economics and Business

ISSN 0148-6195

Data 2018

DOI 10.1016/j.jeconbus.2018.04.002


Lingua eng

Abstract •Development, proposition, and evaluation of a taxonomy for thecooperation between banks and fintechs.•Application of the taxonomy toa dataset of 136 bank fintech cooperations.•Presentation of prevailingbank fintech cooperation patterns and dominant categories.•Highlightingpromising avenues for future research on cooperation between banks andfintechs. The banking sector has been subject to fundamental changes asdigitalization is enabling novel technology-driven banking services andis creating new customer demands. While banks face sluggish innovationprocesses, fintechs take advantage of the digital era, delivering customer-centric solutions. Although banks have realized that cooperation withfintechs is a key approach to foster innovation, they struggle to addressthe associated challenges. Yet, there has been very little research into thisphenomenon, so as to establish best practices, because neitherbank-fintech cooperation, nor associated and relevant characteristicshave been evaluated. However, especially from an economic andfinancial perspective it is crucial to close this research gap to betterunderstand how technology-driven organizations and cooperating withthem reshapes the financial sector and therefore entire economies. Thus,we propose a theoretically founded and empirically proven taxonomy.Based on the literature, 136 real-world cases, and 12 expert interviews,our results suggest structuring and describing bank-fintech cooperationthrough 13 dimensions. Further, the empirical examination allows for theidentification of prevailing cooperation patterns. Our findings contributeto theory development on fintechs, their integration into the banking


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sector, and the cross-organizational cooperation research area. This paperalso has practical implications for both banks and fintechs, and openspromising avenues for future research.

Titolo abbreviato Integrating the ‘Troublemakers’

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 13:01:15


Tag:

Banking, Cooperation, Digital Transformation, Fintechs, Taxonomy

Internet of Things applications: A systematic review


Autore Parvaneh Asghari

Autore Amir Masoud Rahmani

Autore Hamid Haj Seyyed Javadi

Volume 148

Pagine 241–261


ISSN 1389-1286

Data 2019

DOI 10.1016/j.comnet.2018.12.008


Lingua eng

Abstract Internet of Things (IoT) is considered as an ecosystem that containssmart objects equipped with sensors, networking and processingtechnologies integrating and working together to provide an environmentin which smart services are taken to the end users. The IoT is leadingnumerous benefits into the human life through the environment whereinsmart services are provided to utilize every activity anywhere andanytime. All these facilities and services are conveyed through thediverse applications which are performed in the IoT environment. Themost important utilities that are achieved by the IoT applications aremonitoring and consequently immediate decision making for efficientmanagement. In this paper, we intend to survey in divers IoT applicationdomains to comprehend the different approaches in IoT applicationswhich have been recently presented based on the Systematic LiteratureReview (SLR) method. The aim of this paper is to categorize analyticallyand statistically, and analyze the current research techniques on IoTapplications approaches published from 2011 to 2018. A technicaltaxonomy is presented for the IoT applications approaches according tothe content of current studies that are selected with SLR process in thisstudy including health care, environmental monitoring, smart city,commercial, industrial and general aspects in IoT applications. IoTapplications are compared with each other according to some technical


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features such as Quality of Service (QoS), proposed case study andevaluation environments. The achievements and disadvantages of eachstudy is discussed as well as presenting some hints for addressing theirweaknesses and highlighting the future research challenges and openissues in IoT applications.

Titolo abbreviato Internet of Things applications

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 13:00:55


Tag:

Application-Based Services, Internet of Things, Quality of Service, Smart Objects, Systematic

Literature Review

Internet of things: Survey on security


Autore Diego Mendez Mena

Autore Ioannis Papapanagiotou

Autore Baijian Yang

Volume 27


Pagine 162–182

Titolo della pubblicazione Information Security Journal: A Global Perspective

ISSN 1939-3555

Data 2018

DOI 10.1080/19393555.2018.1458258


Lingua eng

Abstract The Internet of things (IoT) is intended for ubiquitous connectivityamong different entities or “things”. While it provides effective andefficient solutions to many real world challenges, the security aspect of ithas always been questioned. The situation is further exacerbated by thenumber of connected devices growing exponentially. As a result, securityand privacy has emerged as a significant challenge for the IoT. In thispaper, we aim to provide a thorough survey on IoT security and privacychallenges from the perspective of technologies and architecture used.This work focuses on IoT intrinsic vulnerabilities and their implicationsto the fundamental information security challenges in confidentiality,integrity, and availability. The approach of this survey is to summarizeand synthesize published work in IoT; relate it to the security conjunctureof the field; and project future research directions.

Titolo abbreviato Internet of things

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 12:53:56



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Tag:

Availability, Confidentiality, Integrity, Internet Of Things, Review Article, Security

Allegati

Submitted Version

Introducing the new paradigm of Social Dispersed Computing: Applications,Technologies and Challenges


Autore Marisol García-Valls

Autore Abhishek Dubey

Autore Vicent Botti

Volume 91

Pagine 83–102

Titolo della pubblicazione Journal of Systems Architecture

ISSN 1383-7621

Data 2018

DOI 10.1016/j.sysarc.2018.05.007


Lingua eng

Abstract If last decade viewed computational services as a utilitythen surely thisdecade has transformed computation into a commodity. Computation isnow progressively integrated into the physical networks in a seamlessway that enables cyber-physical systems (CPS) and the Internet ofThings (IoT) meet their latency requirements. Similar to the concept of“platform as a service” or “software as a service”, both cloudlets and fogcomputing have found their own use cases. Edge devices (that we callend or user devices for disambiguation) play the role of personalcomputers, dedicated to a user and to a set of correlated applications. Inthis new scenario, the boundaries between the network node, the sensor,and the actuator are blurring, driven primarily by the computation powerof IoT nodes like single board computers and the smartphones. Thebigger data generated in this type of networks needs clever, scalable, andpossibly decentralized computing solutions that can scale independentlyas required. Any node can be seen as part of a graph, with the capacity toserve as a computing or network router node, or both. Complexapplications can possibly be distributed over this graph or network ofnodes to improve the overall performance like the amount of dataprocessed over time. In this paper, we identify this new computingparadigm that we call Social Dispersed Computing, analyzing keythemes in it that includes a new outlook on its relation to agent basedapplications. We architect this new paradigm by providing supportiveapplication examples that include next generation electrical energy


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distribution networks, next generation mobility services fortransportation, and applications for distributed analysis and identificationof non-recurring traffic congestion in cities. The paper analyzes theexisting computing paradigms (e.g., cloud, fog, edge, mobile edge,social, etc.), solving the ambiguity of their definitions; and analyzes anddiscusses the relevant foundational software technologies, the remainingchallenges, and research opportunities.

Titolo abbreviato Introducing the new paradigm of Social Dispersed Computing

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 13:00:12


Tag:

Blockchain, Cloud Computing, Complex Event Processing, Containers, Cyber Physical Systems,

Dispersed Computing, Distributed Computing, Distributed Coordination, Distributed Transactions,

Edge Computing, Fog Computing, Iot, Microservices, Middleware, Multi Agent Systems, Networking,

Real Time, Social Computing, Social Dispersed Computing, Virtualization

IoT security: Review, blockchain solutions, and open challenges


Autore Minhaj Ahmad Khan

Autore Khaled Salah

Volume 82

Pagine 395–411

Titolo della pubblicazione Future Generation Computer Systems

ISSN 0167-739X

Data 2018

DOI 10.1016/j.future.2017.11.022


Lingua eng

Abstract With the advent of smart homes, smart cities, and smart everything, theInternet of Things (IoT) has emerged as an area of incredible impact,potential, and growth, with Cisco Inc. predicting to have 50 billionconnected devices by 2020. However, most of these IoT devices are easyto hack and compromise. Typically, these IoT devices are limited incompute, storage, and network capacity, and therefore they are morevulnerable to attacks than other endpoint devices such as smartphones,tablets, or computers.In this paper, we present and survey major securityissues for IoT. We review and categorize popular security issues withregard to the IoT layered architecture, in addition to protocols used fornetworking, communication, and management. We outline securityrequirements for IoT along with the existing attacks, threats, and state-of-the-art solutions. Furthermore, we tabulate and map IoT securityproblems against existing solutions found in the literature. More


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importantly, we discuss, how blockchain, which is the underlyingtechnology for bitcoin, can be a key enabler to solve many IoT securityproblems. The paper also identifies open research problems andchallenges for IoT security. •IoT is a promising disruptive technologywith incredible growth, impact and potential.•A review of emergingtopics related to Internet of Things (IoT) security and Blockchain ispresented.•A mapping of the major security issues for IoT to possiblesolutions is tabulated.•Blockchain technology and its robust solutions forchallenging and critical IoT security problems are reviewed.•Aparametric analysis of the state-of-the-art IoT security issues andsolutions is described.

Titolo abbreviato IoT security



Tag:

Blockchain, Iot Security, Data Security, Iot Protocols, Network Security

IoT survey: An SDN and fog computing perspective


Autore Ola Salman

Autore Imad Elhajj

Autore Ali Chehab

Autore Ayman Kayssi

Volume 143

Pagine 221–246


ISSN 1389-1286

Data 2018

DOI 10.1016/j.comnet.2018.07.020


Lingua eng

Abstract Recently, there has been an increasing interest in the Internet of Things(IoT). While some analysts disvalue the IoT hype, several technologyleaders, governments, and researchers are putting serious efforts todevelop solutions enabling wide IoT deployment. Thus, the huge amountof generated data, the high network scale, the security and privacyconcerns, the new requirements in terms of QoS, and the heterogeneity inthis ubiquitous network of networks make its implementation a verychallenging task. SDN, a new networking paradigm, has revealed itsusefulness in reducing the management complexities in today's networks.Additionally, SDN, having a global view of the network, has presentedeffective security solutions. On the other hand, fog computing, a newdata service platform, consists of pushing the data to the network edge


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reducing the cost (in terms of bandwidth consumption and high latency)of “big data” transportation through the core network. In this paper, wecritically review the SDN and fog computing-based solutions toovercome the IoT main challenges, highlighting their advantages, andexposing their weaknesses. Thus, we make recommendations at the endof this paper for the upcoming research work.

Titolo abbreviato IoT survey

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 13:00:55


Tag:

5g, Cloud, Fog, Iot, Sdn, Survey

Key Issues for Embracing the Cloud Computing to Adopt a DigitalTransformation: A study of Saudi Public Sector


Autore Majid Al-Ruithe

Autore Elhadj Benkhelifa

Autore Khawar Hameed

Volume 130

Pagine 1037–1043

Titolo della pubblicazione Procedia Computer Science

ISSN 1877-0509

Data 2018

DOI 10.1016/j.procs.2018.04.145


Lingua eng

Abstract The world is changing faster than ever, and digital technologies arebringing about unprecedented transformation and changing our work andlives in ways we have never anticipated. Digital transformation topic isan actively discussed these days. Internet of Things (IoT), big data, socialmedia, cloud computing, blockchain, and augmented reality are drivingorganisations to the next level of digital customer engagement andIT-enabled business processes and services. Cloud computing is a keypillar of the digital transformation technology ecosystem. This paperhighlights the cloud computing roles to achieve the digital transformationin Saudi Arabia, and it seeks to empirically examine the cloud computingconcerns in the public sectors organisations of Saudi Arabia. An onlinequestionnaire was launched aiming at the existing cloud computingadoption and its concerns in Saudi Arabia. Security, privacy and loss ofgovernance are still the main obstacles for adopting cloud computingtechnology, although some organisations recognized their lack ofknowledge in this field.


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Titolo abbreviato Key Issues for Embracing the Cloud Computing to Adopt a DigitalTransformation

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 12:56:42


Tag:

Cloud Computing, Cloud Concerns, Cloud Digital Transformation, Digital Transformation, Saudi

Arabia, Saudi Vision 2030

Large-scale Election Based On Blockchain


Autore Baocheng Wang

Autore Jiawei Sun

Autore Yunhua He

Autore Dandan Pang

Autore Ningxiao Lu

Volume 129

Pagine 234–237


ISSN 1877-0509

Data 2018

DOI 10.1016/j.procs.2018.03.063


Lingua eng

Abstract Based on the blockchain, homomorphic ElGamal encryption and ringsignature, an electronic voting scheme based on blockchain is proposedfor large-scale voting, which has the properties of decentralization,self-management, non-interactive and free-receipt, furthermore theone-time ring signature ensures the anonymity of the vote trading in theblockchain. The public verifiable billboards guarantee the voting fair,and the miner nodes provides ciphertext ballot counting service makeslarge-scale voting feasible. Finally, we analysis the security of theblockchain voting system and present the performance in large-scalenodes.

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 12:54:57


Tag:

Blockchain, Electronic Voting, Large-Scale Voting, Ring Signature


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Legitimacy, Worthiness, and Social Network: An Empirical Study of the keyFactors Influencing Crowdfunding Outcomes for Nonprofit Projects


Autore Huiquan Zhou

Autore Shihua Ye

Pagine 1–16

Titolo della pubblicazione Voluntas

ISSN 0957-8765

Data 2018

DOI 10.1007/s11266-018-0004-0


Lingua eng

Abstract Crowdfunding opened up new opportunities for nonprofits to mobilizeresources in the increasingly competitive world. Systematic knowledgeregarding key factors linked with funding outcome is lacking, making ithard to offer practical suggestions to help nonprofits launch successfulcrowdfunding campaigns. In this study, we looked at 109 grassrootsnonprofit campaigns on Tencent Philanthropy, one of China’s largestnonprofit crowdfunding platforms. We investigated to what extentdemonstration of legitimacy, arguments for worthiness and socialnetwork influence campaign outcome. Results show that Chinese donorsdo not care much about the organization’s legal status or accountabilitymeasures. Demonstration of organizational competence, the use ofconcrete personal stories in the pledge, and to offer low-risk solutions(such as direct cash and in-kind assistance) are linked with campaignsuccess. Comparing with the pledger’s own social network andmarketing capacity, viral network and viral marketing are more importantin crowdfunding.

Titolo abbreviato Legitimacy, Worthiness, and Social Network

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 12:59:28


Tag:

517210, China, Crowdfunding, Fundraising, Grassroots, Legitimacy, Marketing, Nonprofit

Organizations, Philanthropy, Social Networks, Studies, Tencent Holdings Ltd, Web Portals

Microgrids: A review of technologies, key drivers, and outstanding issues


Autore Adam Hirsch

Autore Yael Parag

Autore Josep Guerrero

Volume 90


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Pagine 402–411

Titolo della pubblicazione Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

ISSN 1364-0321

Data 2018

DOI 10.1016/j.rser.2018.03.040


Lingua eng

Abstract Microgrids are now emerging from lab benches and pilot demonstrationsites into commercial markets, driven by technological improvements,falling costs, a proven track record, and growing recognition of theirbenefits. They are being used to improve reliability and resilience ofelectrical grids, to manage the addition of distributed clean energyresources like wind and solar photovoltaic (PV) generation to reducefossil fuel emissions, and to provide electricity in areas not served bycentralized electrical infrastructure. This review article (1) explains whata microgrid is, and (2) provides a multi-disciplinary portrait of today'smicrogrid drivers, real-world applications, challenges, and futureprospects. •Microgrids are a flexible solution for a broad diversity ofstakeholders.•The advantages of microgrids range from resilience torenewable integration.•Microgrids are moving from the laboratory tobroad community deployment.•Microgrids still face significant legal andregulatory uncertainties.•The ownership and business models ofmicrogrids are still evolving.

Titolo abbreviato Microgrids

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 12:59:49


Tag:

Ac, Aep, Certs, Dboom, DC, Der, Distributed Energy, Dso, Ess, Ev, Gw, Ieee, Iot, Ipp, Jctd, Kw, Mgcc,

Microgrids, Mw, Nyiso, PCC, Ppa, Pqr, Prosumers, Pv, Renewable Integration, Resilience, Rev, SDS,

Spiders, Var

Allegati

Full Text

Mine the gap: Bitcoin and the maintenance of trustlessness


Autore Gili Vidan

Autore Vili Lehdonvirta

Volume 21


Pagine 42–59


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Titolo della pubblicazione New Media & Society

ISSN 1461-4448

Data 2019

DOI 10.1177/1461444818786220


Lingua eng

Abstract Subscribing to a techno-utopian discourse replacing institutions andexperts with “trust in code,” digital alternative currency Bitcoin ispitched as a “math-based money” governed by incorruptible code ratherthan human regulators. In three cases, which occurred between 2013 and2015, we examine this system at moments of breakdown. In contrast tothe discourse, we find that power is concentrated to critical sites andindividuals who manage the system through ad hoc negotiations, andwho users must therefore implicitly trust—a contrast we call Bitcoin’s“promissory gap.” But even in the face of such contradictions betweenpremise and reality, the discourse is maintained. We identify fourauthorizing strategies used in this work: conflating people with devices,assuming actors conform to notions of economic rationality, appealing totechnical expertise, and explaining contradictions as temporary bugs. Wecontend that these strategies are mobilized widely to legitimize a varietyof applications of algorithmic regulation and peer production projects.

Titolo abbreviato Mine the gap

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 13:00:34


Tag:

Algorithmic Regulation, Bitcoin, Computer Science, Critical Code Studies, Cryptocurrency,

Distributed Ledger Technology, Peer Production

Money, Credit, and Digital Payment 1971/2014: From the Credit Card to ApplePay


Autore Sebastian Gießmann

Volume 50


Pagine 1259–1279

Titolo della pubblicazione Administration & Society

ISSN 0095-3997

Data 2018

DOI 10.1177/0095399718794169


Lingua eng


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Abstract The article intertwines the history of the American credit card, itsstandardization, and interactional realization with the latest developmentsin payment systems. Understanding both credit cards and systems likeApple Pay or blockchain-based applications as part of an administrativelongue durée, it argues for a different understanding of the Internet ofThings. It should be understood both as a technical-informational and asan accounting infrastructure, with tensions arising between bothsegments.

Titolo abbreviato Money, Credit, and Digital Payment 1971/2014

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 12:57:25


Tag:

Apple Pay, Blockchain, Credit Card, Economic History, Government, Infrastructure, Media History,

Political Science, Standardization

Moneywork: Practices of Use and Social Interaction around Digital and AnalogMoney


Autore Mark Perry

Autore Jennifer Ferreira

Volume 24


Pagine 1–32

Titolo della pubblicazione ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI)

ISSN 1557-7325

Data 2018

DOI 10.1145/3162082


Lingua eng

Abstract The emergence of various forms of digital money and innovative digitalfinancial services allows stores of value to be created, held, moved,measured, and exchanged in novel ways. Yet the success of these newforms of transactional media is largely dependent on the ways that theyare understood as useful and credible as viable forms of exchange, andon how they support the ways that their users interact around them. Thisarticle therefore examines interactional work around the use of money inmaking financial transactions: we call this moneywork. We report on anempirical study of the patterns of behavior of users of a mixed media(digital and analog) currency that supports mobile device payments-theBristol Pound-exploring the impacts of its users' understanding of thesystems that underlie these transactions, the technical constraints on theirpotential for action, their practices of use, and the social interactions that


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these activities lie within. We draw design implications to support thesepayment practices.

Titolo abbreviato Moneywork

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 13:00:55


Tag:

Computer Science, Digital Currency, Digital Infrastructure, Digital Payments, Engineering, Financial

Services, Financial Transactions, Interaction Design, Mobile Money, Qualitative User Study, Social

Interaction, Use Practices, User Interaction

Allegati

Full Text

MOVING TOWARDS THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS:THE UNLEASH INNOVATION LAB EXPERIENCE


Autore Tiago Canelas

Autore Laura Martins de Carvalho

Autore Etienne Duim

Autore Marília Fonseca

URL http://search.proquest.com/docview/2155127029/?pq-origsite=primo

Volume 21

Titolo della pubblicazione Ambiente & Sociedade

ISSN 1414-753X

Data 2018

DOI 10.1590/1809-4422asoc17ex0001vu18l1td

Consultato 12/2/2019, 12:59:48


Lingua eng

Abstract Every year, 75 million people are pushed into extreme poverty (less than$1.90 a day) by out-of-pocket health payments, and 12% of those alreadybelow this line are driven deeper into poverty (WHO, 2016; WORLDBANK, 2017). Since the 1960s, health has been understood anddiscussed not only as disease prevention and treatment but as aninseparable and interdependent condition strictly linked to other areas.According to the UN, 2.6 billion people have gained access to potablewater sources since 1990, but 663 million are still without. [...]more than40 percent of the global population is affected by water security issuesand this is projected to rise. [...]this SDG is not restricted to accessibilityto water, sanitation and hygiene but also refer to diseases transmitted by


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polluted water and how humans can be an altering agent of the watercycle (ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL COUNCIL, 2017). Exchangingsuccessful practices, knowledge, products and technologies throughinternational and interregional partnerships will help address problemsthat are difficult to tackle for countries in isolation. [...]it is up to thecitizens of the world, private companies, NGOs, policy and decision-makers to take action, remembering that, in the end, as the worldbecomes even more interconnected and interdependent, that a moreholistic view can produce better results than individualistic thinking. 1.

Titolo abbreviato MOVING TOWARDS THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENTGOALS

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 12:59:49


Tag:

2030 Agenda, 923120, 928120, Brazil, Business Cycles, Citizens, Disease, Electronic Government,

Gender Equity, Health Problems, Innovations, Learning, Nongovernmental Organizations, Nutrition,

Payments, Poverty, Prevention, Public Health, Quality of Education, Quality of Life, Sanitation,

Students, Sustainable Development, Sustainable Development Goals, United Nations, United

Nations–UN, Water Supply, Working Groups, World Health Organization

Allegati

Full Text

New spaces of disruption? The failures of Bitcoin and the rhetorical power ofalgorithmic governance


Autore Matthew A. Zook

Autore Joe Blankenship

Volume 96

Pagine 248–255

Titolo della pubblicazione Geoforum

ISSN 0016-7185

Data 2018

DOI 10.1016/j.geoforum.2018.08.023


Lingua eng

Abstract In less than a decade Bitcoin and the technology of blockchain – acryptographically-secured, algorithmically-regulated, distributed-ledger –emerged as the enfant terrible of the global economy. Ironically, ascryptocurrencies reached collective valuations of hundreds of billions of


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dollars the Bitcoin project failed in its original purpose as an alternativecurrency governed by code rather than trust. Not only has Bitcoin notbecome a popular means of global peer-to-peer transactions but the muchvaulted purity of algorithmic governance is heavily entangled in socialrelations. This article reviews blockchain’s computer architectures, itsconnections to materiality and space and the complexity of its establishedpractices. This analysis shows that rather than occupying an algorithmicplace apart, blockchain contains multiple and conflicting agencies and ismessily embedded in the code/space of materiality. Nevertheless the faithin the superiority of algorithmic governance has injected a powerfuldiscourse in economies that has proven more important and disruptivethan the actual practices of Bitcoin or blockchain.

Titolo abbreviato New spaces of disruption?



Tag:

Blockchain, Bitcoin, Fintech, Code/Space, Disruption, Financial Technologies, Innovation

Non-grant microfinance, incentives and efficiency


Autore Alexander Karaivanov

Volume 50


Pagine 2509–2524

Titolo della pubblicazione Applied Economics

ISSN 0003-6846

Data 2018

DOI 10.1080/00036846.2017.1400655


Lingua eng

Abstract I show that charging interest on funds provided by donors or investors tomicrofinance institutions (MFIs) can increase efficiency, the total numberof loans and borrower welfare, compared to grant or concessionaryfunding. In a setting in which MFIs supply costly non-contractible effort,putting a price or raising the price of loanable funds strengthens theMFIs’ incentives to put effort in credit administration or monitoring, toextend more loans, and/or reduce overhead costs. This theoretical resultis robust to several variations of the benchmark model allowing for anendogenous lending rate, motivated MFIs and endogenous overheadcosts.

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 13:01:40



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Tag:

Article, D21, For-Profits, Incentives, Non-Grant Microfinance, O12, Overhead Costs

On the economic significance of ransomware campaigns: A Bitcointransactions perspective


Autore Mauro Conti

Autore Ankit Gangwal

Autore Sushmita Ruj

Volume 79

Pagine 162–189

Titolo della pubblicazione Computers & Security

ISSN 0167-4048

Data 2018

DOI 10.1016/j.cose.2018.08.008


Lingua eng

Abstract Bitcoin cryptocurrency system enables users to transact securely andpseudo-anonymously by using an arbitrary number of aliases (Bitcoinaddresses). Cybercriminals exploit these characteristics to commitimmutable and presumably untraceable monetary fraud, especially viaransomware; a type of malware that encrypts files of the infected systemand demands ransom for decryption. In this paper, we present ourcomprehensive study on all recent ransomware and report the economicimpact of such ransomware from the Bitcoin payment perspective. Wealso present a lightweight framework to identify, collect, and analyzeBitcoin addresses managed by the same user or group of users(cybercriminals, in this case), which includes a novel approach forclassifying a payment as ransom. To verify the correctness of ourframework, we compared our findings on CryptoLocker ransomwarewith the results presented in the literature. Our results align with theresults found in the previous works except for the final valuation in USD.The reason for this discrepancy is that we used the average Bitcoin priceon the day of each ransom payment whereas the authors of the previousstudies used the Bitcoin price on the day of their evaluation.Furthermore, for each investigated ransomware, we provide a holisticview of its genesis, development, the process of infection and execution,and characteristic of ransom demands. Finally, we also release ourdataset that contains a detailed transaction history of all the Bitcoinaddresses we identified for each ransomware.

Titolo abbreviato On the economic significance of ransomware campaigns

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 12:57:25



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Tag:

Bitcoin, Cryptocurrency, Distributed Ledger, Payment, Ransomware, Transaction

Allegati

Submitted Version

On the Fintech Revolution: Interpreting the Forces of Innovation, Disruption,and Transformation in Financial Services


Autore Peter Gomber

Autore Robert J. Kauffman

Autore Chris Parker

Autore Bruce W. Weber

Volume 35


Pagine 220–265

Titolo della pubblicazione Journal of Management Information Systems

ISSN 0742-1222

Data 2018

DOI 10.1080/07421222.2018.1440766


Lingua eng

Abstract The financial services industry has been experiencing the recentemergence of new technology innovations and process disruptions. Theindustry overall, and many fintech start-ups are looking for newpathways to successful business models, the creation of enhancedcustomer experience, and approaches that result in servicestransformation. Industry and academic observers believe this to be moreof a revolution than a set of less influential changes, with financialservices as a whole due for major improvements in efficiency, customercentricity, and informedness. The long-standing dominance of leadingfirms that are not able to figure out how to effectively hook up with the“Fintech Revolution” is at stake. We present a new fintech innovationmapping approach that enables the assessment of the extent to whichthere are changes and transformations in four areas of financial services.We discuss: operations management in financial services and the changesoccurring; technology innovations that have begun to leverage theexecution and stakeholder value associated with payments,cryptocurrencies, blockchain, and cross-border payments; multipleinnovations that have affected lending and deposit services, peer-to-peer(P2P) lending, and social media use; issues with respect to investments,financial markets, trading, risk management, robo-advisory and servicesinfluenced by blockchain and fintech innovations.


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Titolo abbreviato On the Fintech Revolution

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 12:58:21


Tag:

Article, Business Models, Digital Banking, Financial Services, Fintech Revolution, Lending, Market

Operations, Markets, Payments, Process Transformation, Technology Disruption, Technology

Innovation

On the transactional ecosystems of digital media


Autore Vincent Manzerolle

Autore Allison Wiseman

Volume 1


Pagine 393–408

Titolo della pubblicazione Communication and the Public

ISSN 2057-0473

Data 2016

DOI 10.1177/2057047316679418


Lingua eng

Abstract This article contributes a framework for understanding the convergenceof two ‘transactional ecosystems’ or, put differently, the convergence oftwo types of currency: money and attention. The former is represented inthe push to make commercial transactions ubiquitous and seamless (e.g.as in mobile payment systems), while the latter is represented by theoriesof the ‘attention economy’ and subsumed in the ‘attention andengagement’ metrics that currently shape the production and distributionof content on digital and mobile platforms. The means of communicationand commerce, of payment and attention, are increasingly weddedtogether in the same device or platform implying that how we pay forthings is bound up with ‘the things to which we attend’. Drawing onliterature on the political economy of media, this article provideshistorical and theoretical contexts for this convergence, offers someparadigmatic examples alongside industry analysis and concludes byraising potential concerns emerging from its current trajectory.

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 13:00:12


Tag:

Attention Economy, Digital Media, Government, Media Theory, Mobile Pay, Political Economy


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Optimization of dynamic data traceability mechanism in Internet of Thingsbased on consortium blockchain


Autore Rui Qiao

Autore Sifeng Zhu

Autore Qingxian Wang

Autore Jie Qin

URL https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/1550147718819072

Volume 14


Titolo della pubblicazione International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks

ISSN 1550-1477

Data 2018

DOI 10.1177/1550147718819072

Consultato 12/2/2019, 12:55:17


Lingua eng

Abstract Internet of Things is widely used in many fields such as industry, medicalcare, education, and supply chain. With the participation of multi-authorized entities, a large number of dynamic data will be generated inthe basic dimension of time. The operations on these data have to be safeand traceable for use in various forensics and decisions. Therefore, thekey point of dynamic data security protection is to reject tampering ofunauthorized users and to realize the process in evidence and tracing ofthe dynamic data operation. In order to find a solution to the problemabove, an optimization of dynamic data traceability mechanism based onconsortium blockchain is proposed in this article. First, a mathematicalmodel for the security of dynamic data storage has been established,followed by analysis on honest behavior motive of individual nodedecision-making in group game and distributed node cooperation essencein specific industry background. After that, ownership transition functionand the architecture of the dynamic data storage system are optimized;quality and growth characteristics of the system under stochastic statemodel are analyzed. Result shows that the solution can effectively avoidpotential attacks such as tampering and faking under approved accessionmode. The mechanism has good application value while ensuring thedynamic data storage security.

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 12:55:18


Tag:

Computer Science, Consensus, Consortium Chain, Dynamic Data, Game Theory

Allegati


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Full Text

PCAOB inspections: An analysis of entity-level and application-level controlaudit deficiencies


Autore Maureen Francis Mascha

Autore Melvin A. Lamboy-Ruiz

Autore Diane J. Janvrin

Volume 30

Pagine 19–39


ISSN 1467-0895

Data 2018

DOI 10.1016/j.accinf.2018.06.002


Lingua eng

Abstract The Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (PCAOB) inspectionprocess identifies deficiencies related to how firms conduct audits. Ourwork extends prior research by examining the type of internal controlaudit deficiencies (entity-level or application-level). Internal controlaudit deficiencies of both types may increase the risk of materialmisstatement, so the PCAOB is concerned with whether audit firms areperforming appropriate procedures to identify entity-level andapplication-level internal control audit deficiencies, including thoseinvolving information technology general controls (ITGCs). Using textanalysis to examine audit deficiencies by internal control type and firmsize, we find that PCAOB inspection reports identify significantly moreapplication-level than entity-level control audit deficiencies.Application-level control deficiencies generally involve revenue,inventory, and accounts receivable accounts whereas entity-leveldeficiencies often involve lack of centralized controls or controls overperiod end financial reporting. The number of application-leveldeficiencies identified for both Big 4 and second-tier firms variedbetween inspection years 2010 and 2015. However, the number ofentity-level deficiencies, including ITGCs for both Big 4 and second-tierfirms, held nearly steady during the period. Our findings should be ofinterest to practicing accountants, regulators, and other users of PCAOBinspection reports.

Titolo abbreviato PCAOB inspections

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 12:58:21


Tag:


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Application-Level Control, Entity-Level Control, Inspection Report, Internal Control Audit Deficiency,

Pcaob Inspection

Positioning through B2B carrier signals: Understanding how service quality iscommunicated via websites


Autore Zachary Williams

Autore Jason E. Lueg

Autore Tyler Hancock

Autore Sean P. Goffnett

Titolo della pubblicazione Industrial Marketing Management

ISSN 0019-8501

Data 2018

DOI 10.1016/j.indmarman.2018.09.007


Lingua eng

Abstract Today's marketplace requires B2B motor carriers to connect withshippers in salient ways. To accomplish this, B2B carriers communicatesignals of service quality in order to position themselves uniquely fromthe competition. Signaling theory describes how inequity in informationbetween parties is filled by sending signals to convey missinginformation (Spence, 1973). Signaling theory was used as a foundation toinvestigate information used by B2B carriers to signal service quality andcreate positioning strategies. Results of a content analysis of 490 B2Bmotor carrier websites for signals of 12 dimensions of service quality areused to develop a typology of U.S. B2B motor carriers. These are:Minimalist, User-Friendly, and Safety First. Associations with firmrevenues, firm size, credit score, and number of NAICS codes used arediscussed along with implications. •Motor carriers signal the marketplacethrough communicating service quality attributes via theirwebsites.•Motor carriers operating in the B2B market use a variety ofservice quality signals to position themselves.•Three different types ofservice quality positioning strategies used by motor carriers wereidentified.

Titolo abbreviato Positioning through B2B carrier signals

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 13:01:40


Tag:

B2b Carrier Marketing, Positioning, Service Quality, Signaling Theory


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Price Fluctuations and the Use of Bitcoin: An Empirical Inquiry


Autore Michal Polasik

Autore Anna Iwona Piotrowska

Autore Tomasz Piotr Wisniewski

Autore Radoslaw Kotkowski

Autore Geoffrey Lightfoot

Volume 20


Pagine 9–49

Titolo della pubblicazione International Journal of Electronic Commerce

ISSN 1086-4415

Data 2016

DOI 10.1080/10864415.2016.1061413


Lingua eng

Abstract Over recent years, interest has been growing in Bitcoin, an innovationthat has the potential to play an important role in e-commerce andbeyond. The aim of our paper is to provide a comprehensive empiricalstudy of the payment and investment features of Bitcoin, and theirimplications for the conduct of e-commerce. Since network externalitytheory suggests that the value of a network and its take-up areinterlinked, we investigate both adoption and price formation. Wediscover that its returns are driven primarily by Bitcoin’s popularity, thesentiment expressed in newspaper reports on cryptocurrency, and totalnumber of transactions. The paper also reports on the first global surveyof merchants who have adopted this technology, and we model the shareof sales paid for with this alternative currency, using both ordinary andTobit regressions. Our analysis examines how country-, customer-, andcompany-specific characteristics interact with the proportion of salesattributed to Bitcoin. We find that company features, use of otherpayment methods, customers’ knowledge about Bitcoin, and the size ofboth the official and unofficial economy are significant determinants.The results will be of interest to traders who seek to understand factorsdriving prices and will help to inform vendors as to the most favorablecircumstances for adopting the currency for online transactions.

Titolo abbreviato Price Fluctuations and the Use of Bitcoin

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 12:59:49


Tag:

Bitcoin, Cryptocurrency, Digital Money, Electronic Money, Emerging Technologies, Financial

Services, Online Payments, Peer-To-Peer Network, Technology Adoption


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Allegati

Submitted Version

Price manipulation in the Bitcoin ecosystem


Autore Neil Gandal

Autore Jt Hamrick

Autore Tyler Moore

Autore Tali Oberman

Volume 95

Pagine 86–96

Titolo della pubblicazione Journal of Monetary Economics

ISSN 0304-3932

Data 2018

DOI 10.1016/j.jmoneco.2017.12.004


Lingua eng

Abstract •Suspicious trades on a Bitcoin currency exchange are linked to rises inthe exchange rate.•A single actor likely drove the USD/BTC exchangerate from $150 to $1000 in 2 months.•Trading volume on all exchangesincreased greatly on days with suspicious activity.•Unregulatedcryptocurrency markets remain vulnerable to manipulation today. To itsproponents, the cryptocurrency Bitcoin offers the potential to disruptpayment systems and traditional currencies. It has also been subject tosecurity breaches and wild price fluctuations. This paper identifies andanalyzes the impact of suspicious trading activity on the Mt. Gox Bitcoincurrency exchange, in which approximately 600,000 bitcoins (BTC)valued at $188 million were fraudulently acquired. During both periods,the USD-BTC exchange rate rose by an average of four percent on dayswhen suspicious trades took place, compared to a slight decline on dayswithout suspicious activity. Based on rigorous analysis with extensiverobustness checks, the paper demonstrates that the suspicious tradingactivity likely caused the unprecedented spike in the USD-BTC exchangerate in late 2013, when the rate jumped from around $150 to more than$1,000 in two months.

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 12:58:58


Tag:

Bitcoin, Cryptocurrencies, E31, E39, E42, Exchange Rate Manipulation, Fraud


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Promises and paradoxes of the sharing economy: An organizing framework


Autore Aurélien Acquier

Autore Thibault Daudigeos

Autore Jonatan Pinkse

Volume 125

Pagine 1–10

Titolo della pubblicazione Technological Forecasting & Social Change

ISSN 0040-1625

Data 2017

DOI 10.1016/j.techfore.2017.07.006


Lingua eng

Abstract In this article, we take stock of the ambivalent and contested nature ofthe sharing economy. Considering the ‘sharing economy’ as an umbrellaconstruct and an essentially contested concept, we position the sharingeconomy as resting on three foundational cores: (1) Access economy, (2)Platform economy, and (3) Community-based economy. We show howeach core holds distinct promises and paradoxes. This organizingframework shows how combining the cores can help sharing-economyinitiatives to navigate certain tensions, but can also lead to new ones. Wehighlight the paradoxical nature of the sharing economy and make a casefor balanced initiatives that combine the promises of each core whilemitigating contradictions. We conclude by introducing the nine articles ofthe special issue, connecting their contributions to our organizingframework.

Titolo abbreviato Promises and paradoxes of the sharing economy

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 12:59:28


Tag:

Access-Based Consumption, Collaborative Consumption, Paradox, Platform Capitalism, Sharing

Economy

Property Is Only Another Name for Monopoly


Autore Eric A. Posner

Autore E. Glen Weyl

Volume 9


Pagine 51–123


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Titolo della pubblicazione Journal of Legal Analysis

ISSN 2161-7201

Data 2017

DOI 10.1093/jla/lax001


Abstract The existing system of private property interferes with allocativeefficiency by giving owners the power to hold out for excessive prices.We propose a remedy in the form of a tax on property, based on the valueself-assessed by its owner at intervals, along with a requirement that theowner sell the property to any third party willing to pay a price equal tothe self-assessed value. The tax rate would reflect a tradeoff betweengains from allocative efficiency and losses to investment efficiency,likely in the range of 5 to 10 percent annually for most assets. We discussthe detailed design of this system from an economic and legalperspective.

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 12:59:28


Allegati

Full Text

Public blockchain evaluation using entropy and TOPSIS


Autore H. Tang

Autore Y. Shi

Autore P. Dong

URL https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85054085063&doi=10.1016%2fj.eswa.2018.09.048&partnerID=40&md5=db0a29a12937782b5c280ca214067ee4

Volume 117

Pagine 204-210

Titolo della pubblicazione Expert Systems with Applications

Data 2019

DOI 10.1016/j.eswa.2018.09.048



Tag:

Entropy Method, Evaluation, Public Blockchain, Ranking, Topsis

Note:


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cited By 0

Reflections on the Contradictions of the Commons


Autore Vangelis Papadimitropoulos

Volume 50


Pagine 317–331

Titolo della pubblicazione Review of Radical Political Economics

ISSN 0486-6134

Data 2018

DOI 10.1177/0486613417735660


Lingua eng

Abstract The Commons are an emerging economic anti-paradigm that favordecentralization over central control, self-management over hierarchy,transparency over privacy, and sustainability over growth at all costs. Butthe Commons are still in their infancy, and they face severalcontradictions, as they develop in mutual dependence with capitalism.This article is an attempt to tackle these contradictions by building on anumber of proposals already presented by Michel Bauwens, VasilisKostakis, Stefan Meretz, and Jacob Rigi.

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 12:56:42


Tag:

Economics, Multistakeholder Cooperative, Neo-Feudal Cognitive Capitalism, O, Open Cooperativism,

P, Partner State, Peer-to-Peer Production, the Commons

Report of the Commonwealth Working Group on virtual currencies


Autore Commonwealth Secretariat

Volume 42


Pagine 263–324

Titolo della pubblicazione Commonwealth Law Bulletin

ISSN 0305-0718

Data 2016

DOI 10.1080/03050718.2016.1195979


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Lingua eng

Abstract Considers the prevalence, use and impact of virtual currencies inCommonwealth member countries, regulatory and legislative responsesfrom member countries, and recommendations including on theapplication of existing legal frameworks to virtual currencies. Presents alist of the definitions used in the report.

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 12:59:49


Tag:

Article

Reputation and Reward: Two Sides of the Same Bitcoin


Autore Sergi Delgado-Segura

Autore Cristian Tanas

Autore Jordi Herrera-Joancomartí

Autore Rongxing Lu

Volume 16


Pagine 776-776

Titolo della pubblicazione Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)

ISSN 1424-8220

Data 2016

DOI 10.3390/s16060776


Abstract In Mobile Crowd Sensing (MCS), the power of the crowd, jointly withthe sensing capabilities of the smartphones they wear, provides a newparadigm for data sensing. Scenarios involving user behavior or thosethat rely on user mobility are examples where standard sensor networksmay not be suitable, and MCS provides an interesting solution. However,including human participation in sensing tasks presents numerous andunique research challenges. In this paper, we analyze three of the mostimportant: user participation, data sensing quality and user anonymity.We tackle the three as a whole, since all of them are strongly correlated.As a result, we present PaySense, a general framework that incentivizesuser participation and provides a mechanism to validate the quality ofcollected data based on the users’ reputation. All such features areperformed in a privacy-preserving way by using the Bitcoincryptocurrency. Rather than a theoretical one, our framework has beenimplemented, and it is ready to be deployed and complement anyexisting MCS system.


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Titolo abbreviato Reputation and Reward

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 12:57:25


Tag:

Article, bitcoin, cryptocurrencies, mobile crowd sensing, privacy, reputation systems

Allegati

Full Text

Research on trust mechanism of cooperation innovation with big dataprocessing based on blockchain


Autore Qi Liu

Autore Xiao Zou


Volume 2019


Pagine 1–11

Titolo della pubblicazione EURASIP Journal on Wireless Communications and Networking

ISSN 1687-1499

Data 2019

DOI 10.1186/s13638-019-1340-5

Consultato 12/2/2019, 12:55:15


Lingua eng

Abstract In recent years, the status of cooperation and innovation has becomeincreasingly important. Research on the behavior of production,education, and research organizations has attracted widespread attention.Blockchain technology is considered as another subversive technologyfollowing cloud computing, wireless sensor networks, and big data. It ishighly concerned by governments, financial institutions, and technologycompanies. Blockchain technology is essentially a technical solution thatcollectively maintains a reliable database through a decentralized,high-trust way. Blockchain WEB technology has not only used infinancial and other fields, but also has a great potential for application inthe fields of production, education, and research. It has expected to playan important role in the establishment of a trust mechanism in the“Internet +” production, research, and innovation and promote education.Drawing on the experience in blockchain applications in the financialsector, the blockchain in the education sector mainly embodies sixapplication modes: building individual science credit data, creating an


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intelligent education Taobao platform, developing a degree certificatesystem, and building a new ecology of open educational resources. Ofcourse, due to the uniqueness and complexity of the trust field in thecooperation innovation of industry, universities, and research institutes,the application of blockchain technology is also faced with difficulties inthe application, promotion, and operation of production and research,fuzzy ownership of educational big data, limited data storage space, andpotential safety problems of blockchain technology. There are manychallenges such as the privacy protection risks of teachers and students.

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 12:55:18


Tag:

Big data, Blockchain WEB, Cooperation innovation, Internet +, Sensor network

Allegati

Full Text

Runtime verification for business processes utilizing the Bitcoin blockchain


Autore Christoph Prybila

Autore Stefan Schulte

Autore Christoph Hochreiner

Autore Ingo Weber


ISSN 0167-739X

Data 2017

DOI 10.1016/j.future.2017.08.024


Lingua eng

Abstract The usage of process choreographies and decentralized Business ProcessManagement Systems has been named as an alternative to centralizedbusiness process orchestration. In choreographies, control over a processinstance is shared between independent parties, and no party has fullcontrol or knowledge during process runtime. Nevertheless, it isnecessary to monitor and verify process instances during runtime forpurposes of documentation, accounting, or compensation.To achievebusiness process runtime verification, this work explores the suitabilityof the Bitcoin blockchain to create a novel solution for choreographies.The resulting approach is realized in a fully-functional softwareprototype. This software solution is evaluated in a qualitativecomparison. Findings show that our blockchain-based approach enables aseamless execution monitoring and verification of choreographies, while


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at the same time preserving anonymity and independence of the processparticipants. Furthermore, the prototype is evaluated in a performanceanalysis. •Usage of the (Bitcoin) blockchain to establish trust inprocesses.•Development of a blockchain-based runtime verificationapproach.•Evaluation of the prototype in a qualitative comparison and aperformance analysis.



Tag:

Blockchain, Business Process Management, Choreographies, Runtime Verification

Allegati

Submitted Version

Submitted Version

Safe Banking: Finance and Democracy


Autore Adam J. Levitin

URL http://www.lexisnexis.com/hottopics/lnacademic/?verb=sr&csi=7327&sr=cite(83+U.+Chi.+L.+Rev.+357)

Volume 83

Pagine 357–1683

Titolo della pubblicazione University of Chicago Law Review

ISSN 0041-9494

Data 2016

Consultato 12/2/2019, 12:59:25


Lingua eng

Titolo abbreviato Safe Banking

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 12:59:28


Tag:

Banking Law, Computer &amp, Contracts Law, Derivatives, Examinations, Fundamentally,

Inconsistent, Institutional, Internet Law, Introduction, Irreconcilable, Requirements, Restrictions,

Securitization


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Scope for the Application of Blockchain in the Public Healthcare of theRussian Federation


Autore K. A. Koshechkin

Autore G. S. Klimenko

Autore I. V. Ryabkov

Autore P. B. Kozhin

Volume 126

Pagine 1323–1328


ISSN 1877-0509

Data 2018

DOI 10.1016/j.procs.2018.08.082


Lingua eng

Abstract Blockchain as technology described to be used in closed systems toconduct registers of official data in public healthcare. Also thistechnology had found its use in different other ways, for example it iseducation of medical staff, control of the contracts for healthcareservices. And the role of Blockchain in CALS / PLM-technologiessuggested.

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 12:55:18


Tag:

Artificial Intelligence Methods, Electronic Health Record, Medical Information System, Medicinal

Products Circulation, Personalized Medicine, Pharmacogenetics, Pharmacology

Separating apples from oranges: identifying threats to financial stabilityoriginating from FinTech


Autore Andrea Minto

Autore Moritz Voelkerling

Autore Melanie Wulff

Volume 12


Pagine 428–465

Titolo della pubblicazione Capital Markets Law Journal

ISSN 1750-7219

Data 2017


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DOI 10.1093/cmlj/kmx035


Titolo abbreviato Separating apples from oranges

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 12:58:58


Signal Incongruence and Its Consequences: A Study of Media Disapproval andCEO Overcompensation


Autore J. P. Vergne

Autore Georg Wernicke

Autore Steffen Brenner

Volume 29


Pagine 796–817

Titolo della pubblicazione Organization Science

ISSN 1047-7039

Data 2018-06-06

DOI 10.1287/orsc.2018.1209


Lingua eng

Abstract We draw on the signaling and infomediary literature to examine howmedia evaluations of CEO overcompensation (a negative cue associatedwith selfishness and greed) are affected by the presence of corporatephilanthropy (a positive cue associated with altruism and generosity). Inline with our theory on signal incongruence, we find that firms engagedin philanthropy receive more media disapproval when theyovercompensate their CEO, but they are also more likely to decreaseCEO overcompensation as a response. Our study contributes to thesignaling literature by theorizing about signal incongruence and toinfomediary and corporate governance research by showing that mediadisapproval can lead to lower executive compensation. We also reconciletwo conflicting views on firm prosocial behavior by showing that, in thepresence of incongruent cues, philanthropy can simultaneously enhanceand damage media evaluations of firms and CEOs. Taken together, thesefindings shed new light on the media as agents of external corporategovernance for firms and open new avenues for research on executivecompensation. The online appendices are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2018.1209 .

Titolo abbreviato Signal Incongruence and Its Consequences

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 13:01:40



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Tag:

CEO compensation, media, philanthropy, signaling, social evaluations

Smart energy systems for sustainable smart cities: Current developments,trends and future directions


Autore Edward O’dwyer

Autore Indranil Pan

Autore Salvador Acha

Autore Nilay Shah

Volume 237

Pagine 581–597

Titolo della pubblicazione Applied Energy

ISSN 0306-2619

Data 2019

DOI 10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.01.024


Lingua eng

Abstract •Review of existing concepts and implementation cases for smartcities.•Overview of the EU ‘Sharing Cities’ project and vision for thefuture.•System architectures, control strategies, multi-vector energysystems modelling.•Integration of computational intelligence (CI) andmachine learning for smart cities.•Challenges and shortcomings of suchexisting CI tools and future research areas. Within the context of theSmart City, the need for intelligent approaches to manage and coordinatethe diverse range of supply and conversion technologies and demandapplications has been well established. The wide-scale proliferation ofsensors coupled with the implementation of embedded computationalintelligence algorithms can help to tackle many of the technicalchallenges associated with this energy systems integration problem.Nonetheless, barriers still exist, as suitable methods are needed to handlecomplex networks of actors, often with competing objectives, whiledetermining design and operational decisions for systems across a widespectrum of features and time-scales. This review looks at the currentdevelopments in the smart energy sector, focussing on techniques in themain application areas along with relevant implemented examples, whilehighlighting some of the key challenges currently faced and outliningfuture pathways for the sector. A detailed overview of a frameworkdeveloped for the EU H2020 funded Sharing Cities project is alsoprovided to illustrate the nature of the design stages encountered andcontrol hierarchies required. The study aims to summarise the currentstate of computational intelligence in the field of smart energymanagement, providing insight into the ways in which current barrierscan be overcome.


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Titolo abbreviato Smart energy systems for sustainable smart cities

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 13:00:34


Tag:

Computational Intelligence, Machine Learning, Predictive Control, Smart Cities, Smart Energy

Systems

Smart-toy-edge-computing-oriented data exchange based on blockchain


Autore Jian Yang

Autore Zhihui Lu

Autore Jie Wu

Volume 87

Pagine 36–48

Titolo della pubblicazione Journal of Systems Architecture

ISSN 1383-7621

Data 2018

DOI 10.1016/j.sysarc.2018.05.001


Lingua eng

Abstract Smart toy is a specific IoT (Internet of Things) device, and its marketdemand is growing dramatically. Combined with edge computingtechnology, smart toy can generate valuable data. Smart toy dataexchange is a new powerful area. However, there is no efficient, secureand reliable data exchange mechanism among isolated smart toy dataplatforms and other IoT systems. In this paper, we propose a smart-toy-edge-computing-oriented data exchange prototype using HyperledgerFabric v1.0. We target to solve the issue of automatically maintaining atamper-resistant, reliable and distributed ledger by writing smart contractin the environment where the participants are distrustful of each other.This prototype can simplify the process, save resources and ensure a fairsolution of dispute. This method also facilitates the implementation ofP2P data exchange among the isolated smart toy and other IoT systems.



Tag:

Blockchain, Iot, Data Exchange, Edge-Computing, Hyperledger Fabric, Smart Toy


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Social Payments: Innovation, Trust, Bitcoin, and the Sharing Economy


Autore Taylor C. Nelms

Autore Bill Maurer

Autore Lana Swartz

Autore Scott Mainwaring

Volume 35


Pagine 13–33

Titolo della pubblicazione Theory, Culture & Society

ISSN 0263-2764

Data 2018

DOI 10.1177/0263276417746466


Lingua eng

Abstract The payments industry – the business of transferring value throughpublic and corporate infrastructures – is undergoing rapid transformation.New business models and regulatory environments disrupt moretraditional fee-based strategies, and new entrants seek to displace legacyplayers by leveraging new mobile platforms and new sources of data. Inthis increasingly diversified industry landscape, start-ups and establishedplayers are attempting to embed payment in ‘social’ experience throughnovel technologies of accounting for trust. This imagination of the social,however, is being materialized in gated platforms for payment,accounting, and exchange. This paper explores the ambiguous politics ofsuch experiments, specifically those, like Bitcoin or the on-demandsharing economy, that delineate an economic imaginary of ‘just us’ – aclosed and closely guarded community of peers operating under theillusion that there are no mediating institutions undergirding thatcommunity. This provokes questions about the intersection of paymentand publics. Payment innovators’ attenuated understanding of the socialmay, we suggest, evacuate the nitty-gritty of politics.

Titolo abbreviato Social Payments

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 12:57:25


Tag:

Bitcoin, Money, Payments, Public, Social Sciences (General), the Sharing Economy, the Social

Some risks of tokenization and blockchainizaition of private law



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Autore Alexander Savelyev

Volume 34


Pagine 863–869


ISSN 0267-3649

Data 2018

DOI 10.1016/j.clsr.2018.05.010


Lingua eng

Abstract The paper focuses on the analysis of the problems that may be driven bymass tokenization of the objects of civil law, i.e. the creation of a digitalrepresentation of such objects in the form of a record in blockchain. Thisoccurs where the value of such objects is transferred subsequently bymeans of disposal of such tokens, which is a subject of separate rights toit. The paper outlines two core problems, which were inspired by recentlegislative activities in Belarus and Russia. The first is a possibledisplacement of existing legal regimes of objects of civil rights by thelegal regime of the token. Secondly, the problem of definition of thenature of rights to tokens arises (in rem versus ad personam) as well asremedies for their violations. Provisions of the Belarus Decree “On thedevelopment of digital economy” of 21 December 2017 and drafts of thelaws on blockchain and ICO, discussed in Russian Parliament andGovernment are taken to illustrate these problems.



Tag:

Blockchain, Privacy, Object of Civil Law, Personal Data, Token

"Technology enabled Health" – Insights from twitter analytics with a socio-technical perspective


Autore Purva Grover

Autore Arpan Kumar Kar

Autore Gareth Davies

Volume 43

Pagine 85–97

Titolo della pubblicazione International Journal of Information Management

ISSN 0268-4012

Data 2018


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DOI 10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2018.07.003


Lingua eng

Abstract •We investigate the nature of discussion on “Technology enabled health”in Twitter.•The study identifies the top technologies in healthdomain.•The study explores the nature of discussions surroundingdisease categories•The inter-dependency in terms of usage betweentechnology and diseases is illustrated. Technology had been used inhealth domain for various purposes such as for storing electronic healthrecords; monitoring; education; communication; and for behaviouraltracking. The evident benefits have triggered a huge amount ofdiscussions surrounding health technology in the web 3.0 space and usersaround the globe are sharing their experiences and perspective on socialmedia platforms. Social media had been used for creating awareness,sharing information and providing emotional support to public indifferent diseases. This study focuses on exploring the health technologyrelated discussions in Twitter. For this study around 105,489 tweets werecollected from Twitter by 15,587 unique users. These tweets wereanalysed through social media analytics approaches (i.e. CUPframework). The study presents the top technologies in health domainthrough hashtag analysis and top diseases (acute, chronic, communicableand non-communicable) through word analysis and their associationthrough co-occurrence of words within the tweets. The associationdepicts technology had been used in treating, identifying and heeling ofthe various diseases. The discussion on social media is skewed towardscomputing algorithms. The acute and chronic diseases were discussed onsocial media, and our study indicates that statistically, there is nodifference in the discussion of acute and chronic diseases. Thecommunicable and non-communicable diseases are also discussed onsocial media, and our study indicates no statistically difference in thediscussion of communicable and non-communicable diseases whichsignifies users are referring to Twitter for discussing various type ofdiseases irrespective of acute, chronic, communicable andnon-communicable diseases. Future researchers can use the study as theevidence of extracting insights related to socio-technical perspectivefrom Twitter data. The literature contains lot of evidences wheretechnology had been useful in health domain, but the bigger picture ofhow the various technologies are being related to health domain ismissing, therefore this study tries to contribute to this area by miningtweets.

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 12:59:49


Tag:

Diseases Discussion on Twitter, Emerging Technology, Health Technology, Twitter Analytics


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Testing for asymmetric nonlinear short- and long-run relationships betweenbitcoin, aggregate commodity and gold prices


Autore Elie Bouri

Autore Rangan Gupta

Autore Amine Lahiani

Autore Muhammad Shahbaz

Volume 57


Pagine 224–235

Titolo della pubblicazione Resources Policy

ISSN 0301-4207

Data 2018

DOI 10.1016/j.resourpol.2018.03.008


Lingua eng

Abstract Unlike prior studies, this study examines the nonlinear, asymmetric andquantile effects of aggregate commodity index and gold prices on theprice of Bitcoin. Using daily data from July 17, 2010 to February 2,2017, we employed several advanced autoregressive distributed lag(ARDL) models. The nonlinear ARDL approach was applied to uncovershort- and long-run asymmetries, whereas the quantile ARDL wasapplied to account for a second type of asymmetry, known as thedistributional asymmetry according to the position of a dependentvariable within its own distribution. Moreover, we extended thenonlinear ARDL to a quantile framework, leading to a richer new model,which allows testing for distributional asymmetry while accounting forshort- and long-run asymmetries. Overall, our results indicate thepossibility to predict Bitcoin price movements based on priceinformation from the aggregate commodity index and gold prices.Importantly, we report the nuanced result that most often the relationsbetween bitcoin and aggregate commodity, on the one hand, and betweenbitcoin and gold, on the other, are asymmetric, nonlinear, and quantiles-dependent, suggesting the need to apply non-standard cointegrationmodels to uncover the complexity and hidden relations between Bitcoinand asset classes. •Quantile effects of commodity and gold prices onBitcoin prices are investigated.•Several advanced autoregressivedistributed lag models are employed.•Information from commodity andgold prices to predict bitcoin prices is identified.•Nuanced relationshipsbetween bitcoin and commodity(gold) prices are found.•Bitcoin marketis considered as inefficient with respect to commodity and gold prices.

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 12:59:49


Tag:


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Asymmetry, Bitcoin, C12, Cointegration, Commodity, G15, Gold, Nonlinearity, Q02, Quantile

Dependence

Testing for multiple bubbles in bitcoin markets: A generalized sup ADF test


Autore Chi-Wei Su

Autore Zheng-Zheng Li

Autore Ran Tao

Autore Deng-Kui Si

Volume 46

Pagine 56–63

Titolo della pubblicazione Japan & The World Economy

ISSN 0922-1425

Data 2018

DOI 10.1016/j.japwor.2018.03.004


Lingua eng

Abstract •Whether bubbles exist in Bitcoin markets.•Tracks when bubbles willoccur and collapse.•Apply the generalized sup Augmented Dickey-Fullertest method.•Consistent with the bubble model improved by Gurkaynak(2008).•Bitcoin bubbles collapse due to administrative intervention byeconomic authorities. This study investigates whether bubbles exist inBitcoin markets and tracks when they will occur and collapse. We applythe generalized sup Augmented Dickey-Fuller test method proposed byPhillips et al. (2013). The results show that there have been fourexplosive bubbles in China and the U.S. market, primarily occurringduring the periods of huge surges in Bitcoin prices. This is consistentwith the bubble model improved by Gurkaynak (2008), in which assetprice is decomposed into fundamental and bubble components. Inparticular, exogenous shocks, including foreign or domestic economicevents, lead to the origination of bubbles. A serious financial crisis maytrigger long-term and large-scale bubbles, whereas relatively short-termbubbles are caused by domestic components. It can be inferred thatBitcoin can be used as a hedge against market-specific risk. Finally,Bitcoin bubbles collapse due to administrative intervention by economicauthorities. Therefore, the government should manage publicexpectations to maintain confidence in authority and reduce speculationbehavior to stabilize the asset price and financial market.

Titolo abbreviato Testing for multiple bubbles in bitcoin markets

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 12:58:21


Tag:


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Bitcoin, C01, G01, G12, Gsadf, Price Bubble, Speculation

The Accountants Coalition and the 1990s: "Are you in the boat, or out of theboat"?


Autore Lee Blazey

Volume 30


Pagine 68–69

Titolo della pubblicazione Research in Accounting Regulation

ISSN 1052-0457

Data 2018

DOI 10.1016/j.racreg.2018.03.009


Lingua eng

Titolo abbreviato The Accountants Coalition and the 1990s

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 12:53:56


The Blockchain as a Narrative Technology: Investigating the Social Ontologyand Normative Configurations of Cryptocurrencies


Autore W. Reijers

Autore M. Coeckelbergh

URL https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85029231083&doi=10.1007%2fs13347-016-0239-x&partnerID=40&md5=4a304655cd94e768ad1505c08c28c31d

Volume 31


Pagine 103-130

Titolo della pubblicazione Philosophy and Technology

Data 2018

DOI 10.1007/s13347-016-0239-x



Tag:

Blockchain technology, Narrative, Cryptocurrencies, Ethics, Politics, Ricoeur, Searle, STS


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Note:

cited By 6

Allegati

Full Text

The contemporary cybercrime ecosystem: A multi-disciplinary overview of thestate of affairs and developments


Autore Stearns Broadhead

Volume 34


Pagine 1180–1196


ISSN 0267-3649

Data 2018

DOI 10.1016/j.clsr.2018.08.005


Lingua eng

Abstract This article provides a multi-disciplinary overview of the contemporarycybercrime ecosystem and its developments. It does so by reviewing andsynthesising recent cybercrime research from fields such ascybersecurity, law and criminology. The article also examines ways inwhich gaps between the aforementioned fields arise and how to lessenthem to increase cybersecurity. This article is divided into four mainparts. The first part offers background on cybercrime and some of itsmain elements. It defines terminology, sets out a legal taxonomy ofcybercrime offences and presents the estimated costs, threat agents andcharacteristics of various illicit activities and technical aspects ofcybercrime. Parts two, three and four build on this preceding analysis by(separately) examining three prominent threat vectors within theecosystem – malware, the darknet and Bitcoin and othercryptocurrencies. For each threat vector, the article identifies andinvestigates features, history, functions and current and expected states ofdevelopment within the ecosystem. Through its attention to and synthesisof current research and results from different fields, this article offers asynoptic account of the cybercrime ecosystem, which can bridgepotential knowledge gaps between fields.

Titolo abbreviato The contemporary cybercrime ecosystem

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 12:59:28



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Tag:

Bitcoin, Cryptocurrencies, Cybercrime, Darknet, Malware

The Data Sharing Economy: On the Emergence of New Intermediaries


Autore Heiko Richter

Autore Peter Slowinski


Volume 50


Pagine 4–29

Titolo della pubblicazione IIC - International Review of Intellectual Property and Competition Law

ISSN 0018-9855

Data 2019

DOI 10.1007/s40319-018-00777-7

Consultato 12/2/2019, 12:59:27


Lingua eng

Abstract Data-driven markets depend on access to data as a resource for productsand services. Since the quality of information that can be drawn fromdata increases with the available amount and quality of the data,businesses involved in the data economy have a great interest inaccessing data from other market players. However, companies stillappear to be reluctant to share their data. Therefore, the key question ishow data sharing can be incentivized. This article focuses on data sharingplatforms, which are emerging as new intermediaries and can play a vitalrole in the data economy, as they may increase willingness to share data.By comparing data sharing to the exchange of patents based on theFRAND principles, this article suggests a possible way forself-regulation to provide more transparency and fairness in the growingmarkets for data sharing.

Titolo abbreviato The Data Sharing Economy

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 12:59:28


Tag:

Access to data, Data sharing economy, Data-driven markets, FRAND, Platforms, Standard-essential

patents

The disenchantment of Bitcoin: unveiling the myth of a digital currency


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Autore Fiammetta Corradi

Autore Philipp Höfner

Volume 28


Pagine 193–207

Titolo della pubblicazione International Review of Sociology

ISSN 0390-6701

Data 2018

DOI 10.1080/03906701.2018.1430067


Lingua eng

Abstract Bitcoin and its peculiar, decentralized transaction system, have alreadyignited interest by professional and retail traders in search for profits andby economists and legal experts, looking for possible regulation tocontain illegal uses. We instead examine the unexpected and ongoingsuccess of Bitcoin from a sociological perspective, first questioning itsunusual legitimation system, backed by the so called ‘blockchaintechnology’, instead of by governmental authorities. Then we collect dataand elements to reconstruct Bitcoin’s history as a cryptocurrency, startingfrom the mysterious story surrounding its birth. We then follow its spreadand development through social networks and words of mouth, togetherwith its sudden booms and bursts, finally to suggest that both users andinstitutional regulators should be aware of the risks of Bitcoin and of itsalleged power to challenge our very notion of money.

Titolo abbreviato The disenchantment of Bitcoin

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 12:58:58


Tag:

Article, Bitcoin, Blockchain Technology, Cryptocurrencies, Ponzi Schemes, Trust In Money

The emerging Cloud Dilemma: Balancing innovation with cross-border privacyand outsourcing regulations


Autore Daniel Gozman

Autore Leslie Willcocks

Titolo della pubblicazione Journal of Business Research

ISSN 0148-2963

Data 2018

DOI 10.1016/j.jbusres.2018.06.006



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Lingua eng

Abstract The pervasive adoption of outsourcing and Cloud technologies proceedsapace, but the challenges and risks inherent in Cloud arrangements arecausing concern amongst regulators globally. How well prepared arefinancial services multinationals for regulatory compliance? Cloud basedFintech companies are disrupting traditional banking models, signalingthat highly regulated firms must adopt Cloud technologies. The paperfocuses on understanding specific risks in relation to Cloud adoption, andthe regulations and penalties for non-compliance being put in place.From the findings, we theorize a framework for deciding when to engagestrategically with, or avoid Cloud technologies. This helps executivesbalance the need to innovate with the need to manage compliance risk.We then detail emerging effective practices for managing Cloud basedinnovation on a sustainable basis. While we focus on global financialservices, the analysis applies to all regulated industries, wherever Cloudbased innovations impact materially on business-critical services.

Titolo abbreviato The emerging Cloud Dilemma

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 13:01:40


Tag:

Cloud, Data Privacy, Fintech, It Governance, Outsourcing, Shadow It

The fragility of decentralised trustless socio-technical systems


Autore Manlio De Domenico

Autore Andrea Baronchelli

URL http://dx.doi.org/10.1140/epjds/s13688-018-0180-6

Volume 8


Pagine 1–6

Titolo della pubblicazione EPJ Data Science

ISSN 2193-1127

Data 2019

DOI 10.1140/epjds/s13688-018-0180-6

Consultato 6/2/2019, 10:18:11


Lingua eng

Abstract The blockchain technology promises to transform finance, money andeven governments. However, analyses of blockchain applicability androbustness typically focus on isolated systems whose actors contributemainly by running the consensus algorithm. Here, we highlight theimportance of considering trustless platforms within the broader


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ecosystem that includes social and communication networks. As anexample, we analyse the flash-crash observed on 21st June 2017 in theEthereum platform and show that a major phenomenon of socialcoordination led to a catastrophic cascade of events across severalinterconnected systems. We propose the concept of “emergentcentralisation” to describe situations where a single system becomescritically important for the functioning of the whole ecosystem, andargue that such situations are likely to become more and more frequent ininterconnected socio-technical systems. We anticipate that the systemicapproach we propose will have implications for future assessments oftrustless systems and call for the attention of policy-makers on thefragility of our interconnected and rapidly changing world.



Tag:

Blockchain, Emergent centralization, Interdependency, Networked socio-technical systems

Allegati

Full Text

Full Text

The inefficiency of cryptocurrency and its cross-correlation with Dow JonesIndustrial Average


Autore Wei Zhang

Autore Pengfei Wang

Autore Xiao Li

Autore Dehua Shen

Volume 510

Pagine 658–670

Titolo della pubblicazione Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications

ISSN 0378-4371

Data 2018

DOI 10.1016/j.physa.2018.07.032


Lingua eng

Abstract As a form of cryptocurrency, the issue of informational efficiency ofBitcoin has received much attention recently. We add to the literature byinvestigating nine forms of cryptocurrencies, i.e., Bitcoin, Ripple,Ethereum, NEM, Stellar, Litecoin, Dash, Monero and Verge, with abattery of efficiency tests and the empirical results indicate that all these


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cryptocurrencies are inefficient markets. What is more, we furtherconstruct a value-weighted Cryptocurrency Composite Index (CCI) andshow that CCI and Dow Jones Industrial Average are persistently cross-correlated. •We explore the (in)efficiency of cryptocurrencymarket.•Bitcoin, Ripple, Ethereum, NEM, Stellar, Litecoin, Dash,Monero and Verge are inefficient markets.•We construct a value-weighted Cryptocurrency Composite Index (CCI).•CCI and DJIA arepersistently cross-correlated.•MF-DFA and MF-DCCA are employed.

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 13:00:34


Tag:

Cross-Correlation, Cryptocurrency, Hurst Exponent, Market Efficiency, Random Walk, Rolling

Windows

The inevitability of change


Autore Rokea A. El-Azhary

Volume 37


Pagine 4–11

Titolo della pubblicazione Clinics in Dermatology

ISSN 0738-081X

Data 2019

DOI 10.1016/j.clindermatol.2018.09.003


Lingua eng

Abstract Change is an absolute so long as time does not stand still. We shouldexpect it, embrace it, and try to predict its direction. Dermatology, as aspecialty practice, has been changing rapidly over the past 30 yearsconcurrent with the changes in medicine. What are these changes, howdid they come about, and what may be the consequences? The goal ofthis review is to follow the march of time, as we move from one era tothe other in step with what is happening in the world as a whole and theUnited States in particular. The growth of our specialty, Dermatology, isdivided into 3 eras which are quite different in generational cultures. Thefirst era spanning the 1980s and 1990s is dubbed as “old school.” Thesecond era begins with the new century, 2000 until today. This era willforever be remembered as the business era, the rise of elite cultures, andthe losses and threats to academia. The third era begins now; it is that oftechnology which is fast progressing into the future. One cantheoretically project what may occur during this technologic revolutionand the directions in medicine as a whole. Dermatology can be at theforefront of this era or it could be lost as a whole if we do nothing to


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keep up. These eras are based on my personal experience as adermatologist in a large academic institution in the United States andmay not apply to other communities or societies elsewhere. The UnitedStates serves as a good example of a western technologically orientedsociety that is often emulated by others.

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 12:58:21


The Innovation Mechanisms of Fintech Start-Ups: Insights from SWIFT’sInnotribe Competition


Autore Daniel Gozman

Autore Jonathan Liebenau

Autore Jonathan Mangan

Volume 35


Pagine 145–179

Titolo della pubblicazione Journal of Management Information Systems

ISSN 0742-1222

Data 2018

DOI 10.1080/07421222.2018.1440768


Lingua eng

Abstract The emergence of financial technology around the globe is driven byefforts to deconstruct and reimagine business models embedded withinfinancial services. Entrepreneurial endeavours to this end are diverse.Indeed, the propensity toward complexity is considerable, bridging arange of financial services, markets, innovations, industry participants,infrastructures, and technologies. This study aims to improvecomprehension of the global fintech landscape. It is based on the analysisof start-ups that participated in SWIFT's Innotribe competition. We usedcluster analysis to group 402 fintech start-up firms, and then selectedrepresentative cases to create a foundational understanding of thestructure of the fintech landscape. The main findings of this work are: (1)the development of fintech clusters to classify core services, businessinfrastructures, and underlying component technologies, whichcharacterize fintech; (2) an analysis of how fintechs synthesize differenttechnologies to restructure flows of financial information throughcompetitive and cooperative mechanisms of disinter-mediation,extension of access, financialization, hybridization, and personalization;(3) an analysis of related strategies for value creation connected with thecompetitive and cooperative mechanisms that were identified.Collectively, our results offer new insights into the diversity and range ofemergent innovations and technologies that are transforming the financial


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services industry worldwide.

Titolo abbreviato The Innovation Mechanisms of Fintech Start-Ups

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 13:00:34


Tag:

Article, Business Models, Cluster Analysis, Data Analytics, Financialization, Fintech Start-Ups, Swift

Innotribe, Technological Innovation, Technology Ecosystems, Value Propositions

The Internet of Things (IoT) in retail: Bridging supply and demand


Autore Felipe Caro

Autore Ramin Sadr

Volume 62


Pagine 47–54

Titolo della pubblicazione Business Horizons

ISSN 0007-6813

Data 2019

DOI 10.1016/j.bushor.2018.08.002


Lingua eng

Abstract A sales channel serves two primary functions: delivering information andproducts to customers. Omnichannel retailing allows for the decouplingof these two functions as consumers can learn about products throughchannels that differ from those used to purchase them. This separationrequires a sophisticated inventory and supply chain operation, as well asintegration of all customer touchpoints, in order to match fast-movingsupply and demand. The Internet of Things (IoT) can play a fundamentalrole in channel integration because it allows companies to rebalancesupply and demand. We classify IoT initiatives on an opportunity map,presenting a strategic framework that distinguishes initiatives by thevalue they create and by their major area of impact. We justify theadoption of IoT in terms of its enabling capabilities—those immediatelyrealized by deploying IoT sensor data—but its true potential resides in itsenhancing capabilities—unanticipated benefits following IoTadoption—at the intersection of supply and demand.

Titolo abbreviato The Internet of Things (IoT) in retail

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 13:01:15


Tag:


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Internet of Things, Omnichannel, Retailing, Rfid, Sensor Data, Technology Adoption

The need to adapt sustainability audits to atypical business models


Autore Eva Chancé

Autore Sybil Derrible

Autore Weslynne Ashton

Volume 20


Pagine 1113–1118

Titolo della pubblicazione Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy

ISSN 1618-954X

Data 2018

DOI 10.1007/s10098-018-1522-6


Lingua eng

Abstract While a growing number of businesses aspire toward sustainability,doing so requires new business models that aim to achieve triple bottomline benefits (economic, environmental, and social), while utilizingappropriate technologies and new knowledge platforms for doingbusiness. “Third Places,” defined as places of public gathering outside ofwork or home, have emerged as powerful platforms for business modelinnovation, in the form of incubators, co-working spaces, and innovationhubs. Third Places enable a diverse group of actors, includingentrepreneurs, employees, and investors to informally interact anddevelop innovative ways of doing business. Third Places tend to bestructurally more complex than traditional production facilities as theyhave multiple firms interacting in formal and informal ways. In thiscommentary, we discuss the challenges of measuring the sustainabilityperformance of Third Places using conventional sustainability audittools.

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 12:56:42


Tag:

Plant Biochemistry ; Business Schools ; Sustainable Urban Development ; Research Institutes;

The Politics of Blockchain


Autore Robert Herian



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Volume 29


Pagine 129–131

Titolo della pubblicazione Law and Critique

ISSN 0957-8536

Data 2018

DOI 10.1007/s10978-018-9223-1

Consultato 12/2/2019, 12:53:55


Lingua eng

Abstract To access, purchase, authenticate, or subscribe to the full-text of thisarticle, please visit this link: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10978-018-9223-1 Byline: Robert Herian (1) Author Affiliation: (1)0000000096069301, grid.10837.3d, The Faculty of Business and Law,The Open University Law School, The Open University, Milton Keynes,MK7 6AA, UK Article History: Registration Date: 02/05/2018 OnlineDate: 12/05/2018

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 12:53:56


Tag:

Law Schools;

Allegati

Full Text

The Promise of Technological Decentralization. A Brief Reconstruction


Autore Jan-Felix Schrape

Pagine 1–7

Titolo della pubblicazione Society

ISSN 0147-2011

Data 2019

DOI 10.1007/s12115-018-00321-w


Lingua eng

Abstract Internet and Digitalization have long been associated with the promise ofa technology-enabled decentralization of social conditions. Althoughsuch expectations have regularly fallen short, this underlying genericvision has proven to be astonishingly stable. This article traces the originof the notion of decentralizing socio-economic forms of coordinationthrough technological means—from the do-it-yourself scene of the


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1960s, the early computer counterculture, and debates on cyberspace andWeb 2.0 to present day ideas of decentralized and distributed forms ofproduction and economic systems.

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 13:00:55


Tag:

Communication, Coordination, Countercultures, Decentralization, Digitization, Economic Systems,

Expectations, Internet, Production, Reconstruction, Social Conditions, Technology, Web 2.0

The role of supply chain finance in improving the competitive advantage ofonline retailing enterprises


Autore Xiangfeng Chen

Autore Chuanjun Liu

Autore Shuting Li

Volume 33

Pagine 100821

Titolo della pubblicazione Electronic Commerce Research and Applications

ISSN 1567-4223

Data 2019

DOI 10.1016/j.elerap.2018.100821


Lingua eng

Abstract •We adopted a case study methodology was to analyze supply chainfinance (SCF) application in emerging economy China.•JD.com, one ofthe largest e-commerce platforms in China was chosen as anrepresentative example to investigate how online retailing enterprisesgain competitive advantage by employing SCF.•A typology of types ofSCF solutions is presented based on bargaining power of upstream anddownstream partners in supply chain.•Motivations and enabling factorsfor SCF adoption are identified. This paper presents a case study onJD.com, one of the largest e-commerce platforms in China, todemonstrate how this online retailer enhances its competitive advantageby employing supply chain finance (SCF) practices to acceleratecollaboration within the supply chain. Based on field interviews, thisstudy investigates motivations and enabling factors for SCF adoption.Results show that JD adopts SCF mainly to strengthen its ecosystem andattain competitive advantage. In the sight of resource-based view anddynamic capability, JD builds an iterative process to conduct SCFpractice. Enabling factors, mainly financial technology (fintech) andbargaining power, play critical roles in the decision-making process. Thedevelopment of fintech facilitates the digitalization and capitalization


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process by improving transparency and efficiency while bargainingpower influences the productization process. The adoption of SCFpractice helps JD build closer partnership with supply chain partners andimproves its own competitive advantage.

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 12:59:28


Tag:

Bargaining Power, Competitive Advantage, Financial Technology, Retail Industry, Supply Chain

Finance

The security and financial implications of blockchain technologies: Regulatingemerging technologies in Canada


Autore E. Ducas

Autore A. Wilner

URL https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85038028372&doi=10.1177%2f0020702017741909&partnerID=40&md5=29d981b5266c0df82640832ca667b61d

Volume 72


Pagine 538-562

Titolo della pubblicazione International Journal

Data 2017

DOI 10.1177/0020702017741909



Tag:

Blockchain, Bitcoin, Cryptocurrency, Disruptive Technology, Financial Regulation, History &

Archaeology, International Relations, Money Laundering, Terrorism Financing

Note:

cited By 2

The technology-mindset interactions: Leading to incremental, radical orrevolutionary innovations


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Autore Torsten Ringberg

Autore Markus Reihlen

Autore Pernille Rydén

Titolo della pubblicazione Industrial Marketing Management

ISSN 0019-8501

Data 2018

DOI 10.1016/j.indmarman.2018.06.009


Lingua eng

Abstract Innovation is an integral part of the major transformation in modernbusiness. Modern managers are increasingly pushed from both in- andoutside the organization to innovate their processes including productsand services. Research typically investigates innovative processes fromeither a technology perspective or managerial mindset perspective, butrarely both. We argue that technology and mindset should be analyzed incombination, as they are fundamentally co-constitutive albeit withdifferent levels of interaction. We categorize the levels of interaction in atwo-by-two model, with the Y-axis representing levels of innovativetechnology and the X-axis representing levels of innovative mindset.This categorization leads to a theoretical framework, a Technology-Mindset Matrix that consists of four typical technology-mindsetinteractions. We show how each type leads to unique innovativeoutcomes, and label the four types; incremental innovation, radicaltechnological innovation, radical mindset innovation, and revolutionaryinnovation. We illustrate each square with case examples. Furthermore,we discuss core B2B issues managers face when transforming theirorganizations by moving up from incremental to higher ranked modes ofinnovation. •Innovations depend as much on mindsets as ontechnology.•The technology-mindset matrix helps organizations orienttheir innovation strategy.•Innovations can be categorized as incremental,radical or revolutionary.•The technology-mindset matrix can be used toidentify competitors' innovative moves.

Titolo abbreviato The technology-mindset interactions

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 13:01:40


Tag:

B2b Marketing, Innovation, Managerial Mindset Determinism, Technological Determinism,

Technology-Mindset Matrix

To the moon: defining and detecting cryptocurrency pump-and-dumps


Autore Josh Kamps


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Autore Bennett Kleinberg


Volume 7


Pagine 1–18

Titolo della pubblicazione Crime Science

ISSN 2193-7680

Data 2018

DOI 10.1186/s40163-018-0093-5

Consultato 12/2/2019, 13:00:11


Lingua eng

Abstract Pump-and-dump schemes are fraudulent price manipulations through thespread of misinformation and have been around in economic settingssince at least the 1700s. With new technologies around cryptocurrencytrading, the problem has intensified to a shorter time scale and broaderscope. The scientific literature on cryptocurrency pump-and-dumpschemes is scarce, and government regulation has not yet caught up,leaving cryptocurrencies particularly vulnerable to this type of marketmanipulation. This paper examines existing information onpump-and-dump schemes from classical economic literature, synthesisesthis with cryptocurrencies, and proposes criteria that can be used todefine a cryptocurrency pump-and-dump. These pump-and-dumppatterns exhibit anomalous behaviour; thus, techniques from anomalydetection research are utilised to locate points of anomalous tradingactivity in order to flag potential pump-and-dump activity. The findingssuggest that there are some signals in the trading data that might helpdetect pump-and-dump schemes, and we demonstrate these in ourdetection system by examining several real-world cases. Moreover, wefound that fraudulent activity clusters on specific cryptocurrencyexchanges and coins. The approach, data, and findings of this papermight form a basis for further research into this emerging fraud problemand could ultimately inform crime prevention.

Titolo abbreviato To the moon

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 13:00:12


Tag:

Anomaly detection, Cryptocurrencies, Fraud, Pump-and-dump

Allegati

Full Text

TrustChain: A Sybil-resistant scalable blockchain


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Autore Pim Otte

Autore Martijn de Vos

Autore Johan Pouwelse


ISSN 0167-739X

Data 2017

DOI 10.1016/j.future.2017.08.048


Lingua eng

Abstract TrustChain is capable of creating trusted transactions among strangerswithout central control. This enables new areas of blockchain use with afocus on building trust between individuals. Our innovative approachoffers scalability, openness and Sybil-resistance while replacing proof-of-work with a mechanism to establish the validity and integrity oftransactions.TrustChain is a permission-less tamper-proof data structurefor storing transaction records of agents. We create an immutable chainof temporally ordered interactions for each agent. It is inherently paralleland every agent creates his own genesis block. TrustChain includes anovel Sybil-resistant algorithm named NetFlow to determinetrustworthiness of agents in an online community. NetFlow ensures thatagents who take resources from the community also contribute back. Wedemonstrate that irrefutable historical transaction records offer securityand seamless scalability, without requiring global consensus.Experimentation shows that the transaction throughput of TrustChainsurpasses that of traditional blockchain architectures like Bitcoin. Weshow by using extracted data from a live network that TrustChain hassufficient informativeness to identify freeriders, leading to refusal ofservice. •A tamper-proof, scalable and blockchain-based data structure(TrustChain).•A Sybil-resistant model to determine trustworthiness(NetFlow).•A public experiment which addresses freeriding in onlinecommunities.

Titolo abbreviato TrustChain



Tag:

Blockchain, 00-01, 99-00, Reputation, Tamper-Proof Data Structure, Transactions, Trust

Trusting privacy in the cloud


Autore Jens Prüfer

Volume 45

Pagine 52–67


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Titolo della pubblicazione Information Economics and Policy

ISSN 0167-6245

Data 2018

DOI 10.1016/j.infoecopol.2018.10.003


Lingua eng

Abstract •This paper studies the trust issue created by data security and privacyconcerns of users in cloud computing, which is the key obstacle to fullyexploit the huge economic potential of this set of new technologies.•Amodel is constructed that designs a mechanism which sets the incentivesof all involved players right: cloud service providers, certifiers, anonprofit organization called cloud association, and users.•The paper isthe first in economics to model a two-layered-certification scheme,where a monitor (certifier) is monitored herself (by the cloudassociation).•It is shown under which circumstances the prosedmechanism constitutes an equilibrium and can, hence, solve the trustissues in cloud computing.•The theoretical proposed mechanism iscompared with an existing mechanism. Suggestions for how to improvethe existing one are made. Cloud computing technologies can increaseinnovation and economic growth considerably. Because of privacyconcerns, however, many users underutilize cloud technologies. Thispaper designs an institution attenuating the problem: a two-layeredcertification scheme built around a private, nonprofit organization calledcloud association. This association is governed by representatives of bothusers and cloud service providers and sources auditing and certificationof providers out to independent for-profit certifiers. It is shown how thisinstitution incentivizes providers to produce high data security, and userswith strong privacy preferences to trust them and pay a premium for theirservices.

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 12:59:49


Tag:

Associations, Certification, D02, D71, L14, L31, L86, Privacy, Private Ordering, Trust

Twitter and the Irish language, #Gaeilge – agents and activities: exploring adata set with micro-implementers in social media


Autore Mairéad Nic Giolla Mhichíl

Autore Theo Lynn

Autore Pierangelo Rosati

Volume 39


Pagine 868–881


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Titolo della pubblicazione Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development

ISSN 0143-4632

Data 2018

DOI 10.1080/01434632.2018.1450414


Lingua eng

Abstract This paper considers agentic-activities relating to the Irish language onTwitter and who is engaged with them? To answer this question, thisstudy draws on Twitter data and filters it using the linguistic identifiers,‘#Gaeilge’ and the word ‘Gaeilge’ (Irish language). Tweets with theseidentifiers are conceptually considered as formulations of agenticpractice with respect to language (Sabatier, P. [2007]. Theories of thePolicy Process . Boulder, CO: Westview Press). Individuals who use the#Gaeilge identifier in particular are viewed within this study as micro-implementers. Their communications provide partial insight into agenticactivities within the Twittersphere specifically, related to and about theIrish language. To explore this data, peak, network, content andsentiment analyses were conducted. The study’s findings illustrate thatthere are a number of influential hubs in this network. They are in themain micro-level individuals as opposed to macro-level or governmentalinstitutions promoting the Irish language. This paper demonstrates thepotential for in-depth research into agentic practices of minoritylinguistic communities within Twitter, and outlines the limitations of acomputational approach in conducting such research.

Titolo abbreviato Twitter and the Irish language, #Gaeilge – agents and activities

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 13:00:12


Tag:

Article, Irish Language, Language Maintenance, Micro-Implementers, Minority Languages, Twitter

Urban Energy Systems and the Transition to Zero Carbon – Research and CaseStudies from the USA and Europe


Autore Brendan Shaffer

Autore Robert Flores

Autore Scott Samuelsen

Autore Mark Anderson

Autore Richard Mizzi

Autore Ellie Kuitunen

Volume 149

Pagine 25–38

Titolo della pubblicazione Energy Procedia


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ISSN 1876-6102

Data 2018

DOI 10.1016/j.egypro.2018.08.166


Lingua eng

Abstract Local community interests in achieving carbon neutral energy suppliescontinues to rise whether these are cities, counties, universities,aggregated communities, or businesses themselves. Continued growth inthis interest will be necessary to meet global carbon reduction targets.This paper considers some of the drivers and challenges faced bydifferent communities in the USA and Europe, using the authors’experience of different projects and initiatives to illustrate the points. Thechallenges identified include technical aspects of integrating existingsystems with new renewable energy generation; short term financialpressures surpassing longer term environmental considerations; theinability to compare health, wellbeing and other social indicators withfinancial and environmental aspects; the difficulty in balancing the needfor a viable business case with the needs of multiple stakeholders; andthe need for transformational digital systems to become part of smartenergy systems. An in-depth case study is provided for the University ofCalifornia, Irvine campus which aims to reach carbon neutrality by 2025.The case study demonstrates the technical challenges of combiningexisting combined heat and power (CHP) systems with heating andcooling networks with local renewables. The results reveal that existingand new CHP and community thermal and power networks systems willneed to operate in a much more dynamic fashion, which has implicationson economics (reduced capacity factor, higher operating and maintenancecosts) as well as on emission rates. This represents a challenge butinnovative strategies are emerging to manage these dynamics includingthe use of thermal energy storage, experimental utility tariffs, improvedpart load operation of CHP systems, and the emergence of carbon capturetechniques utilizing molten carbonate fuel cells.

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 12:59:49


Tag:

Advanced Energy Communities, Chp, Combined Heat, Low Carbon Energy Systems, Microgrids,

Power

Views on the Past, Present, and Future of Business and Information SystemsEngineering


Autore Wil Aalst

Autore Jörg Becker


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Autore Martin Bichler

Autore Hans Buhl

Autore Jens Dibbern

Autore Ulrich Frank

Autore Ulrich Hasenkamp

Autore Armin Heinzl

Autore Oliver Hinz

Autore Kai-Lung Hui

Autore Matthias Jarke

Autore Dimitris Karagiannis

Autore Natalia Kliewer

Autore Wolfgang König

Autore Jan Mendling

Autore Peter Mertens

Autore Matti Rossi

Autore Stefan Voss

Autore Christof Weinhardt

Autore Robert Winter

Autore Jelena Zdravkovic

Volume 60


Pagine 443–477

Titolo della pubblicazione Business & Information Systems Engineering

ISSN 2363-7005

Data 2018

DOI 10.1007/s12599-018-0561-1


Lingua eng

Abstract “The times they are a-changin,” a famous song title by Bob Dylan, alsoapplies to our profession and our subject of study. Informationtechnology has always been a driver for innovation. The recent years,however, have seen IT-based innovations that truly impact everybody’slives. Everything that can be digitized will be digitized, and this trend iscontinuing at an amazing speed. For a discipline that looks at the designand utilization of information systems these are exciting times. Yet, it isalso a time full of challenges. While our discipline has much tocontribute, it competes with other disciplines for topics and ideas. Also,the scope of topics studied has become broader and broader, and so haveour methods. While initial work in Business and Information SystemsEngineering (BISE) was often rooted in artificial intelligence, databasesystems, or operations research, the community has adopted newapproaches to address new types of problems. Nowadays, we also have astrong group of academics working primarily with empirical methods ormethods from microeconomics, to name just a few. This developmenttowards a more multi-paradigmatic discipline also had its challenges and


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there were controversial discussions along the way.

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 13:00:55


Tag:

Natural Sciences ; Computer And Information Sciences ; Information Systems ; Naturvetenskap ; Data-

Och Informationsvetenskap ; Systemvetenskap, Informationssystem Och Informatik ; Data- Och

Systemvetenskap ; Computer And Systems Sciences;

Virtual Currencies, Distributed Ledgers and the Future of Financial Services


Autore Volker Brühl

Volume 52


Pagine 370–378

Titolo della pubblicazione Intereconomics

ISSN 0020-5346

Data 2017

DOI 10.1007/s10272-017-0706-3


Lingua eng

Abstract The phenomenon of virtual currencies has to be distinguished from theunderlying distributed ledger technologies. Bitcoin and othercryptocurrencies need to be subject to strict financial regulation andsupervision to ensure investor protection. At the same time, distributedledger technologies will shape the future of the financial services inmany respects. The disruptive potential is illustrated for selectedfinancial products and processes.

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 12:56:22


Tag:

Financial Services ; Cryptocurrencies ; Investor Relations;

Allegati

Submitted Version

What was Bitcoin, what will it be? The techno-economic imaginaries of a newmoney technology


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Autore Lana Swartz

Volume 32


Pagine 623–650

Titolo della pubblicazione Cultural Studies

ISSN 0950-2386

Data 2018

DOI 10.1080/09502386.2017.1416420


Lingua eng

Abstract In its first decade, Bitcoin has not proven to be a practical money formfor most circumstances, but it has become a staging ground for debatearound the cultural role of money in society. This debate is poisedbetween two related but ultimately incompatible techno-economicimaginaries: infrastructural mutualism and digital metallism . Each offersa theory not just of money, but also of relations, identities, and the largerimaginaries we call ‘society’ and ‘the economy’. In particular, they offerdistinct visions of what it means to be a ‘peer’ in a peer-to-peer moneysystem, and perhaps, a peer-to-peer society. This article traces thepre-history of Bitcoin, as well as more recent developments, to inquireabout its future, as well as the future of money more broadly.

Titolo abbreviato What was Bitcoin, what will it be?

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 12:57:25


Tag:

Article, Bitcoin, Infrastructure, Metallism, Money, Mutualism, Payment, Peer-To-Peer, Techno-

Utopianism, Technology

What will happen to the jobs? Technology-enabled productivity improvement –good for some, bad for others


Autore Göran Roos

Autore Zara Shroff

Volume 27


Pagine 165–192

Titolo della pubblicazione Labour & Industry: a journal of the social and economic relations ofwork

ISSN 1030-1763

Data 2017


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DOI 10.1080/10301763.2017.1359817


Lingua eng

Abstract The article looks at the literature as relates to technology-driven shifts inemployment with a specific emphasis on digital technologies. The articlelooks at both the arguments for a positive outcome and for a negativeoutcome. The article concludes that there are probably more jobs goingto be created than is presented in popular media but that this will betaking place simultaneously with a sharp polarisation of the workforceand an increased uneven global distribution of the jobs created. The keycontribution of this paper is that whether the future becomes one of jobscarcity and precariasation or one of job abundance and multi-dimensional wealth (economic, environmental, quality of life) cannot beleft to the market but is instead a function of the socio-political choiceswe and our policy-makers make.

Titolo abbreviato What will happen to the jobs?

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 13:01:15


Tag:

Article, Job Creation, Job Elimination, Job Externalisation, Job Transformation, Technology-Enabled

Productivity Improvement

When risks cannot be seen: Regulating uncertainty in emerging technologies


Autore Jaime Bonnín Roca

Autore Parth Vaishnav

Autore M. Granger Morgan

Autore Joana Mendonça

Autore Erica Fuchs

Volume 46


Pagine 1215–1233

Titolo della pubblicazione Research Policy

ISSN 0048-7333

Data 2017

DOI 10.1016/j.respol.2017.05.010


Lingua eng

Abstract •Regulating an emerging technology can be challenging in safety-intensive industries.•We unpack how technological characteristicsinfluence regulatory options.•Players with different incentives and


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capabilities may require different regulation.•Industry structure, safetylevels, uncertainty should define the regulatory approach.Commercializing an emerging technology that employs an immatureproduction process can be challenging, particularly when there are manydifferent sources of uncertainty. In industries with stringent safetyrequirements, regulatory interventions that ensure safety whilemaintaining incentives for innovation can be particularly elusive. We usethe extreme case of metal additive manufacturing (an emergingtechnology with many sources of process uncertainty) in commercialaviation (an industry where lapses in safety can have catastrophicconsequences) to unpack how the characteristics of a technology mayinfluence the options for regulatory intervention. Based on our findings,we propose an adaptive regulatory framework in which standards areperiodically revised and in which different groups of companies areregulated differently as a function of their technological capabilities. Weconclude by proposing a generalizable framework for regulatingemerging process-based technologies in safety-critical industries inwhich the optimal regulatory configuration depends on the industrystructure (number of firms), the performance and safety requirements,and the sources of technological uncertainty.

Titolo abbreviato When risks cannot be seen

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 13:01:15


Tag:

Adaptive Regulation, Additive Manufacturing, Aviation, O250 Industrial Policy, O310 Innovation and

Invention: Processes and Incentives, O320 Management of Technological Innovation and R&Amp;D,

O330 Technological Change: Choices and Consequences: Diffusion Processes, O380 Technological

Change: Government Policy, Risk Regulation, Technological Uncertainty

Where did "Tex-Mex" come from? The divisive emergence of a social category


Autore Dennis Ray Wheaton

Autore Glenn R. Carroll

Volume 37

Pagine 143–166

Titolo della pubblicazione Research in Organizational Behavior

ISSN 0191-3085

Data 2017

DOI 10.1016/j.riob.2017.09.003


Lingua eng


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Abstract Research on social categories has become one of the more active lines ofresearch on organizations. Much of this research presumes thepre-existence of at least the “seed” of the category and then proceeds tostudy and explain how the category developed and becameinstitutionalized. By contrast, this study joins several recent others inattempting to identify and explain why a previously non-existent socialcategory emerged in the first place. Empirically, we examine theemergence of the Tex-Mex social category for food and cuisine. Instudying Tex-Mex food, we present a brief analytical social history of thecuisine starting in Old Mexico and continuing up to contemporary times.We juxtapose the social facts that we report with prevailing theoreticalideas (social-activist theorization and similarity clustering) aboutcategory emergence drawn from organization theory. While insightful,we find current theoretical accounts to be incomplete in explaining whyTex-Mex emerged. By contrast, our analysis directs attention to the statusdynamics of ethnic majority/minority populations, early inexpensivemass industrialization of the food and certain geographic factors. Casualcomparisons to other ethnic food categories appear to support thespeculative argument we advance.

Titolo abbreviato Where did "Tex-Mex" come from?

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 13:00:55


Tag:

Authenticity, Emergence, Labels, Mexican Food, Social Categories, Tex-Mex

Wrapped and Stacked: ‘Smart Contracts’ and the Interaction of Natural andFormal Language


Autore J. G. Allen

Volume 14


Pagine 307–343

Titolo della pubblicazione European Review of Contract Law

ISSN 1614-9920

Data 2018

DOI 10.1515/ercl-2018-1023


Abstract This article explores ‘smart contracts’ from first principles: What theyare, whether they are properly called ‘contracts’, and what issues theyraise for national contract law. A ‘smart’ contract purports to recordcontractual promises in language which is both intelligible to humanbeings and (ultimately) executable by machines. The formalisation ofcontracting language that this entails is, I argue, the most important


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aspect for lawyers—just as important as the automation of contractualperformance. Rather than taking a doctrinal approach focused on thepresence of traditional indicia of contract formation, I examine the natureof contracts as legal entities created by words and documents. In mostcases, smart contracts will be ‘wrapped in paper’ and nested in a nationallegal system. Borrowing from the idiom of computer science, I introducethe term ‘contract stack’ to highlight the complex nature of contracts aslegal entities incorporating different ‘layers’, including speech acts by theparties in both natural and formal languages as well as mandatory legalrules. It is the interactions within this contract stack that will be mostimportant to the development of contract law doctrines appropriate tosmart contracts. To illustrate my points, I explore a few issues that smartcontracts might raise for English contract law. I touch on the questions ofillegality, jurisdiction, and evidence, but my focus in this paper is onexploring issues in contract law proper. This contribution should behelpful not only to lawyers attempting to understand smart contracts, butto those involved in coding smart contracts—and writing the languagesused to code them.

Titolo abbreviato Wrapped and Stacked

Aggiunto in data 12/2/2019, 12:58:21



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