ORCHIDS OF DBKL BOTANICAL GARDEN

ORCHIDS

OF DBKL BOTANICAL GARDEN

MOHAMMAD ZARIF BIN MOHD ZAHARI

ORCHIDS

INTRODUCTION

Orchidaceae are indeed a diverse

and widespread family of flowering plants,

with blooms that are often colourful and

often fragrant, commonly known as

the orchid family. Along with the

Asteraceae, they are one of the two

largest families of flowering plants in the

world. The Orchidaceae have about

28,000 currently accepted species,

distributed in cab 763 genera. The

determination of which family is larger is

still under debate, because verified data

on the members of such enormous

families are continually in flux.

Regardless, the number of orchid species

nearly equals the number of bony

fishes and is more than twice the number

of birdspecies, and about four times the

number ofmammal species. The family

also encompasses about 6–11% of

all seed plants. The largest genera

are Bulbophyllum (2,000 species),

Epidendrum (1,500 species), Dendrobium

(1,400 species) and Pleurothallis (1,000

species).

The two major groups of orchids, the

monopodials and the sympodials, are

distinguished by their vegetative

structures and growth patterns. The

monopodials orchid has a single stem

which grows in one direction. It produces

new leaves at its growing tip and roots

lower down the stem. The apex of the

shoot has the potential of unlimited

growth.

Sympodial orchids, on the other hand,

produce new growths each year from a

basal rhizome. They have many stems

and are often able to store food and water

in their thickened stems or pseudobulbs.

Each stem has a growth limit after which a

new stem is produced from the base of

the old one.

The Detailed Structure of Sympodial and Monopodial

Orchids

Mentari Design hoped that this report

may give readers a glimpse of the

fascinating orchids of the DBKL Botanic

Gardens and that they in turn will stir

further interest in this exciting group of

plants.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cosmopolitan_distribution

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Family_(biology)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flowering_plant

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_name

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asteraceae

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Species

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genus

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teleostei

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teleostei

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bird

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mammal

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seed_plants

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulbophyllum

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epidendrum

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dendrobium

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleurothallis

Another distinct characteristic of orchid plants are the shape of their cross-section leaf.

Identification of orchid plants through the visible leaf condition under a full sunlight.

SUITABILITY REFERENCES

The Suitability analysis has been carried out to determine the best planting condition for

Orchid species growth. Below is the information of the Orchidaceae Sp for DBKL Botanic

Garden:

1. Temperature: Hot: Sea Level to 100 Meters, 75`F to 85`F Warm: 1000 Meters to 1800 Meters, 66`F to 75`F night average Cool: 1800 to 2500 Meters, 58`F to 66`F night average

2. Light Meter:

FS = Full Sun (80% - 100% LIGHT);

L = prefer more light (70% - 80% LIGHT);

T = shade tolerant (60% - 70% LIGHT);

Semi Shade = less light intensity (50 - 60%)

Full Shade = minimum light (<40%)

3. Growth Suitability: Maintenance = Any specific amounts of Watering, Fertilizing, Humidity, Air circulation and others nursery hospitality are mentioned in the Suitability Analisis column.

4. Type:

M = Monopodial GROWTH S = Sympodial GROWTH

SPECIES

LIST

ORCHIDACEAE INDEX

Bil Name Suitability Nos Light Meter

Type

1. Acampe rigida

Sunny, Moistured/Damp Soils

5 L M

2. Aerides odorata

Shady Sunlight, Soft Soil, Medium Watering

20 L M

3. Arundina graminifolia

Full Sun, denser mixture of soils, Prefers lots of water

100 FS S

4. Bulbohphyllum vaginatum

Minimal Sunlight, Minimum Watering, Medium temperature

5 L S

5. Bulbohphyllum fascinator

Full Shade, Occasional Misting, Medium Temperature

5 L S

6. Bulbohphyllum purpurascens

Host on Tree branch and trunks, Full Shade, Moderate Watering

5 L S

7. Bulbohphyllum auratum “red form”

Semi-Shade, Occasional Misting, Requires good air circulation

5 L S

8. Bulbohphyllum auratum “pink form”


5 L S

9. Bulbohphyllum auratum “yellow form”


5 L S

10. Bulbohphyllum auratum “purple form”


5 L S

11. Bulbohphyllum phalaenopsis

Full Shade, Occasional Misting

5 T S

12. Bulbohphyllum virescens

Occasional Misting, Requires Good Shading

5 L S

13. Bulbohphyllum macranthum “spotted”

Occasional Misting, Requires Good Shading, Withstand hot temperature

5 L S

14. Bulbohphyllum macranthum “red”

Occasional Misting, Requires Good Shading, Withstand hot temperature

5 L S

15. Bulbohphyllum longissimum

Occasional Misting, Requires Good Shading, Withstand hot to warm temperature

5 L S

16. Bulbohphyllum lasiochilum

Occasional Misting, Partial Shading, Withstand hot temperature, Frequent Watering and Fertilizing

5 L S

17. Bulbohphyllum gracillimum

Moderate Shade, Requires Cool to Warm Temperature, Occasional Misting, Requires good air circulation

5 L S

18. Bulbohphyllum biflorum

Occasional Misting, Moderate Shading , Cool to warm temperature

5 L S

19. Bulbohphyllum plumatum

Requires Container (Vase/Pot/Basket etc.), Partial Shade, Cool Temperature, Minimum Watering

5 L S

20. Bulbohphyllum anandalei

Cool to Warm Temperature, Minimum Watering

5 L S

21. Bulbohphyllum corolliferum

Light Shade, High Humidity, Hot Temperature

5 L S

22. Bulbohphyllum grandiflorum

Occasional Misting, Good Shade, Hot Temperature

5 L S

23. Bulbohphyllum mastersianum

To be put in a basket, Partial Shade, High humidity, Medium to Hot Temperature,

20 L S

24. Bulbohphyllum - Hybrid 01

High humidity, Hot and Warm temperatures

5 L S

25. Bulbohphyllum -Hybrid 02

High humidity, Hot and Warm temperatures

5 L S

26. Bulbohphyllum medusa “white”

Partial Shade, Medium Watering, Cool to Warm Temperature

5 L S

27. Bulbohphyllum medusa “spotted”

Partial Shade, Medium Watering, Cool to Warm Temperature

5 L S

28. Bulbohphyllum lobbii

Occasional Misting, Medium Watering, Good shade, Mounted medium

5 L S

29. Cymbidium finlaysonianum

Occasional Misting, Semi-shading, Hot to Cool Temperature

5 L S

30. Cymbidium bicolor

Occasional Misting, Full Sunlight, Humid and Hot to Warm Temperature, Regular fertilizing

5 L S

31. Cymbidium dayanum

Occasional Misting, Full Sunlight, Cool to Hot Temperature, Regular Watering

5 L S

32. Cymbidium atropurpureum

Occasional Misting, Semi-Shading, Hot to Cool terrestrial temperature,

5 L S

33. Cymbidium aloifolium

Full sunglight, Warm to Hot temperature, Regular Watering

5 L S

34. Coelogyne rochussenii

Occasional Misting, Hot to cool growing temperature, Partial Sunglight

10 L S

35. Coelogyne pandurata

Occasional Watering, Partial Sunlight, Hot temperature,

5 L S

36. Coelogyne asperata

Occasional Misting, Semi-Shade, Hot to cool temperature

5 L S

37. Coelogyne testacea

Hot to Cool Terrestial temperature, Partial Shade,

5 L S

38. Grammatophyllum stapeliiflorum

Occasional Misting, Semi-Shade, Warm to Hot Temperature, Give foul smells which best to separate from fragranced orchids.

5 L S

39. Grammatophyllum speciosum

Occasional Misting, Full Sunlight, Hot to Warm temperature, Usually ants are founded along this orchid.

10 L S

40. Grammatophyllum scriptum

Full Sunlight, Regular Watering, Medicinal values

20 L S

41. Grammatophyllum scriptum “flava”

Full Sunlight, Regular Watering, Medicinal values

10 L S

42. Dendrobium leonis

Occasional Misting, Semi-Shade, Hot to Warm temperature

20 T S

43. Dendrobium linguella

Semi-shade, Hot to Cool Temperature, Regular Watering

5 T S

44. Liparis lacerate

Full Shade, Hot to Warm growing epiphyte

10 T S

45. Renanthera elongate

Full Sunlight, Hot Temperature, Medium Watering

10 FS M

46. Renanthera philippinensis

Full Sunlight, Hot Temperature, Medium Watering

10 FS M

47. Renanthera bella

Semi-Shade, Hot to Warm Temperature, Small watering

10 FS M

48. Renanthera –Hybrid 01


10 FS M

49. Renanthera –Hybrid 02


10 FS M

50. Rhynchostylis retusa

Occasional Misting, Semi-Shade, Hot to Cool Temperature, Medium Watering and Fertilizing.

5 L M

51. Rhynchostylis retusa “alba”

Occasional Misting, Semi-Shade, Hot to Cool Temperature, Medium Watering and Fertilizing.

5 L M

52. Dipodium pictum

Semi-Shade, Hot to Warm Temperature, Regular Watering

10 T M

53. Phalaenopsis Samera

Medium Phosporus Fertilizing, Regular watering,

5 T M

54. Phalaenopsis bellina

Occasional Misintg, Full Shade, Hot Temperature, Requires spacious area due to large leaves

10 T M

55. Phalaenopsis bellina “alba”

Occasional Misintg, Full Shade, Hot Temperature, Requires spacious area due to large leaves

10 T M

56. Phalaenopsis violacea

Occasional Misting, Full Shade, Hot Growing area, High Humidity, Regular Watering

10 T M

57. Phalaenopsis violacea “alba”

Occasional Misting, Full Shade, Hot Growing area, High Humidity, Regular Watering

10 T M

58. Phalaenopsis sumatrana

Occasional Misting, Full Shade, Warm to Hot Area

10 T M

59. Phalaenopsis equestris “pink”

Full Shade, Warm to Hot Growing epiphyte, Good Flowering

10 L M

60. Phalaenopsis equestris “orange”


10 L M

61. Phalaenopsis equestris “ purple”


10 L M

62. Phalaenopsis equestris “alba”


5 L M

63. Phalaenopsis cornu-cervi

Semi-Shade, High Humidity, Hot to Cool Temperature, Able to mount or potted

20 L M

64. Phalaenopsis cornu-cervi “Flava”


5 L M

65. Phalaenopsis cornu-cervi”Red”


5 L M

66. Phalaenopsis delisiosa

Full Shade, Cool to Hot Temperature

20 T M

67. Phalaenopsis gigantean

Occasional Misting, Full Shade, Warm to Hot Temperature, Durable plant

5 T M

68. Phalaenopsis fuscata

Occasional Misting, Full Shade, Warm to Hot Temperature,

5 T M

69. Phalaenopsis appendiculata

Full Shade, Warm Temperature,

5 T M

70. Phalaenopsis amabilis

Occasional Misting, Partial Sunglight, Warm to Hot Temperature, Long-lasting flower

10 T M

71. Phalaenopsis “(Hybrids Large Flowers)mixed hybrids”


20 T M

72. Phalaenopsis “(Hybrids Novelty type ) mixed hybrids”


20 L/T M

73. Spathoglottis plicata

Full Sunlight, Hot to Cool Temperature, Regular Watering and fertilizer

20 FS S

74. Spathoglottis affinis

Semi-Shade, Warm Temperature, Regular Watering and fertilizer

20 FS S

75. Spathoglottis –Hybrid “white”


20 FS S

76. Spathoglottis - Hybrid”Yellow”


20 FS S

77. Spathoglottis - Hybrid “Mix colors”


20 FS S

78. Spathoglottis - Hybrid “orange”


20 FS S

79. Trichoglottis fasciata

Occasional Misting, Semi-Shade, Warm to Hot Temperature, Long life-span

5 L M

80. Aranda- Hybrid 01

Regular watering and fertilizer, Partially Shading.

15 FS/L M



15 FS/L M



15 FS/L M



15 FS/L M



15 FS/L M



15 FS/L M



15 FS/L M



15 FS/L M



15 FS/L M



15 FS/L M



15 FS/L M



15 FS/L M



15 FS/L M

93. Calanthe triplicate

High humidity, Hot Temperature, Minimum watering

15 T S

94. Vandopsis gigantean

Occasional Misting, Full Sunlight, Warm to Hot Temperature, Long-lasting

5 L M

95. Arachnis hookeriana

Occasional Misting, Full Sunlight, Hot Temperature, Very Fragrance

10 FS/L M

96. Arachnis – Hybrid 01


15 FS/L M


e


15 FS/L M



15 FS/L M

99. Vanilla sp “variegated”

Regular Watering, Semi Shade, Regular Watering

5 L/T M

100. Vanilla aphylla

Full Sun, Hot Temperature, Vine/Climber

5 L/T M

101. Dendrobium secundum “alba”

Occasional Misting, Semi-Shade, Cool to Hot Temperature

10 L S

102. Dendrobium secundum

Occasional Misting, Semi-Shade, Cool to Hot Temperature

10 L S

103. Dendrobium anosmum

Occasional Misting, Semi-Shade, Warm to Hot Temperature, Mounted/Potted

10 L S

104. Dendrobium anosmum “alba”

Occasional Misting, Semi-Shade, Warm to Hot Temperature, Mounted/Potted

10 L S

105. Dendrobium farmeri “white”

Semi-Shade, Warm to Hot Temperature, Heavy Watering, High elevation Growth

5 L S

106. Dendrobium farmer

Semi-Shade, Warm to Hot Temperature, Heavy Watering, High elevation Growth

15 L S

107. Dendrobium “(Hybrids mini) Hybrid 01”

Preferably Bright Lighting, Warm to Cool Temperature, Good humidity and air circulation

20 L S



20 L S



20 L S



20 L S

111. Dendrobium “(Hybrids curly horned type) Hybrid 01”


20 L S



20 L S



20 L S



20 L S

115. Tolumnia “(hybrids – assortment of colors) Hybrid 01”

Small and Fragile, Regular Watering and Fertilizing, Normal Diffused Lighting (Avoid Direct Sunlight)

50 L S

116. Oncidium Goldiana

Full Shade, Warm to Hot Temperature, Durable Long-Lasting Orchid

15 L S

117. Oncidium “( Mule ear type –Hybrids) Hybrid 01”


10 L S

118. Oncidium papilio


15 L S

119. Oncidium ampliatum


5 L S

120. Cattleya “(hybrids with Large Flowers) mixed hybrids”

High Lighting, Warm Temperature, Regular Watering

25 L S

121. Cattleya “(hybrids with Clustered Flowers) mixed hybrids”

High Lighting, Warm Temperature, Regular Watering

25 L S

122. Dendrobium “(Hybrids Round Flowers) Hybrid 01”

Normal Lighting, Regular Watering, Cool to Warm Temperature

20 L S



20 L S



20 L S



20 L S



20 L S



20 L S



20 L S



20 L S



20 L S



20 L S

132. Dendrobium “(Hybrids Intermediate Flowers) Hybrid 01”


20 L S



20 L S



20 L S



20 L S



20 L S



20 L S



20 L S



20 L S



20 L S



20 L S



20 L S



20 L S

144. Vanda miniatum

Semi- Shade, Hot to Warm Temperature, High Humidity, Bright indirect lighting

20 L M

145. Papilionanthe teres

Occasional Misting, Full Sunlight, Hot Temperature, Large Flowers, Tree Fern or Bark Totem or ground bed and container

15 FS M

146. Papilionanthe teres “alba”

Occasional Misting, Full Sunlight, Hot Temperature, Large Flowers, Tree Fern or Bark Totem or ground bed and container

15 FS M

147. Papilionanthe Miss Joaquim

Singaporean National Flower, High Humidity, Heavy Fertilizing, Full Sunlight,

20 FS M

148. Vanda “(Hybrids semi-terete leaf) Hybrid 01”

Occasional Misting, Full Bright Light, Warm to Cool Temperature, High Humidity, Plenty of Watering

10 FS M



10 FS M



10 FS M



10 FS M



10 FS M



10 FS M



10 FS M



10 FS M



10 FS M



10 FS M

158. Vanda “(Hybrids strap leaf- flowers > 10cm) Hybrid 01”


5 L M



5 L M



5 L M



5 L M



5 L M



5 L M



5 L M



5 L M



5 L M



5 L M



5 L M



5 L M



5 L M



5 L M



5 L M



5 L M

174. Vanda “(Hybrids strap leaf- flowers < 5 cm) Hybrid 01”


5 L M



5 L M



5 L M



5 L M



5 L M



5 L M



5 L M



5 L M



5 L M



5 L M



5 L M



5 L M



5 L M



5 L M



5 L M

189. Vanda “(Hybrids quarter-terete leaf) Hybrid 01”


20 FS/L M



20 FS/L M



20 FS/L M



20 FS/L M



20 FS/L M



20 FS/L M



20 FS/L M



20 FS/L M



20 FS/L M



20 FS/L M



20 FS/L M



20 FS/L M

*Source of all photo courtesy from Google Image

References

1. The American Orchid Society.com

2. Internet Orchid Species Photo Encyclopedia (IOSPE) – www.orchidspecies.com

3. Orchids Of The Singapore Botanic Garden

4. 1001 Garden Plants of Singapore

5. Singapore Botanic Garden.com

Documents

ORCHIDS OF DBKL BOTANICAL GARDEN