Mesospheric winds measurements using three meteor radars in Brazil

39 39 th th Scientific Assembly of the Committee on Space Research – 14-22 Scientific Assembly of the Committee on Space Research – 14-22 july –Mysore - Indiajuly –Mysore - India

Low latitude mesospheric Low latitude mesospheric winds measurements from winds measurements from

three meteor radars in Brazil three meteor radars in Brazil

Paulo Batista1, Barclay Clemesha1, Vânia Andrioli1,

Ana Roberta Paulino1, Ricardo Buriti2, Nelson Schuch3, Lourivaldo Lima41 Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais, São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil

2 Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Campina Grande, PB, Brazil3 Centro Regional Sul de Pesquisas Espaciais-INPE, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil4 Universidade Estadual da Paraiba, Campina Grande, PB, Brazil [email protected]


OUTLINEOUTLINE IntroductionIntroduction Radar SitesRadar Sites Research instrumentsResearch instruments Regular experimentsRegular experiments

Results- Tides, Planetary WavesResults- Tides, Planetary Waves International cooperationInternational cooperation

ResultsResults Simultaneous Wind, Lidar and Airglow Simultaneous Wind, Lidar and Airglow

measurementsmeasurements ConclusionConclusion


NatalSão LuisManaus

Cariri(7 S, 38 W)Palmas

São José dos Campos

EquatorBoa Vista

Cachoeira Paulista (22.7 S, 45 W)

Campo Grande

São José dos CamposLidarDigisondeImager

Cachoeira PaulistaMeteor RadarDigisondeAirglow

São Luis Coherent Radar

Digisonde30 MHz Radar

Fortaleza Digisonde

CaririMeteor RadarAirglowDigisonde

Saanta MariaMeteor RadarAirglow

Campaigns: Boa Vista. Campo Grande, Alcântara, Cachimbo

Alcantara

Cachimbo

Fortaleza

Research instrumentsResearch instruments

Santa Maria(29.7 S, 55 W)


InstrumentsInstruments3 identicalSKiYMET Meteor RadarAll SKy Interferometer METeor Radar

Frequency 30.24 MHz Peak power 12 kW Pulse width 13 μs Pulse rep. frequency 2144 Hz Range resolution 2 km Angular resolution 2° Height range 80 – 100 km

Transmitting antenna 3-element Yagi antenna• Receiving antennas 5-channel interferometer of 2-element

Yagi antennas

Wind


Cariri

Cachoeira Paulista

Santa Maria


Diurnal Tidal Amplitude and Phases

Cariri

Cachoeira Paulista

Santa Maria


Semidiurnal Tidal Amplitude and Phases

Cariri

Cachoeira Paulista

Santa Maria


Tidal amplitudes at the three locations in 2005


Tidal phases at the three locations in 2005


Lima et al., Adv. Space Res., 36, 2212-2217, 2005

6.5–day wave at Cachoeira Paulista


16-day wave at Cachoeira Paulista

Lima et al., Advances in Space Research, 38, 2615-2620, 2006


Lima et al., Rev. Bras. Geof. vol.25 suppl.2, 2007


Figure 2 - Composite lunar day of zonal (top panel) and meridional (bottom panel) wind data over Cachoeira Paulista for four months of 2008. The solid l ine indicate the zero line.

Figure 1 - Lomb-Scargle analysis of zonal (top left panel) and meridional (bottom left panel) wind at a height of 90 km in the interval January 2000 - July 2006 (1a). The right panel is an expansion of the frequency range corresponding to the lunar semidiurnal tide for both components (1b).

Paulino et al., JASTP 78-79. pp 31-36, 2012

Lunar Tides


Lunar semidiurnal tidal amplitudes at the three stations from 2005 to 2008


Lunar semidiurnal tidal phases at the three stations from 2005 to 2008


Height averaged

amplitudes and phases for the three stations

And comparison with Vial and

Forbes’ model


Clemesha et al., Adv. Space Res., 27, 1679-1684,2001

Joint measurements with Lidar

Simultaneous Wind, Sodium Lidar and Airglow


Fechine et al., Ann. Geophys., 27, 1399-1406, 2009


Vargas et al., Opt. Pura Apl., 44(1) 107-113, 2011


SSW Tides and QTDWSSW Tides and QTDW S-transform amplitude spectra for Cariri meridional wind in the 90-km

2004/Dec-2005/Mar (upper panel),

2005/Dec-2006/Mar (middle panel)

2006/Dec-2007/Mar (bottom panel).

Lima et al., JASTP, 78-79, pp99-107, 2112


Lima et al., JASTP, 78-79, pp99-107, 2112

Figure 2: Amplitudes for diurnal tide and quasi-two-day wave for Cariri meridional winds at 90 km height (first panels from top to bottom), NCEP zonally averaged of the temperature in the polar cap - poleward from 60 N - (second panels) and of the zonal winds (third panels), and the wave 1-2 amplitude of geopotential height at 60 N, in 10 hPa pressure level, for (a) 2004-2005, (b) 2005-2006 and (c) 2006-2007.


FIGURE 1 -MONTHLY MEAN AMPLITUDES OF THE LUNAR SEMIDIURNAL TIDE FROM JANUARY 2005 TO

DECEMBER 2009 OVER SÃO JOÃO DO CARIRI (TOP PANEL), CACHOEIRA PAULISTA (MIDDLE PANEL) AND

SANTA MARIA (BOTTOM PANEL). LEFT SIDE SHOWS ZONAL AND RIGHT SIDE SHOWS MERIDIONAL COMPONENTS

Paulino, A. R. et al., 10.1016/j.jastp.2011.12.015, 2012

Lunar Tide Enhancement with SSW

Cariri

Santa Maria

Cachoeira Paulista


a)December 2005 to February 2006 at Cachoeira Paulista

b) Santa Maria Mean temperatures from

c)December 2003 to February 2004 at Cachoeira Paulista

d) December 2006 to February 2007 at Santa Maria

(a)Stratospheric temperature at 90°N and 10 hPa .

(b) Zonal wind at 60°N and 10 hPa level.

c)Meridional wind at Cariri,

d)Cachoeira Paulista

e)Santa Maria.

f)Zonal wind at Cariri

g)Cachoeira Paulista

(a)Santa Maria

New and full moons are indicated by filled and open circles, respectively.

Paulino, A. R. et al., 10.1016/j.jastp.2011.12.015, 2012

Mesospheric temperatures derived from meteor radar decay times


CACHOEIRA PAULISTA

Monthly averaged nocturnal variances for Nov and Dec.

<uú´> and <v´v´> (left) compared with the mean winds (right)


Annual variation of the Monthly averaged variances <uú´> and <v´v´> for Cariri, Cachoeira Paulista and Santamaria


Lomb Scargle Periodogram for the height average of <uú´>

Period (Months)

Period (Months)

Spe

ctra

l pow

er( m

2 /s

ec2

)S

pect

ral p

ower

( m2

/sec

2)

Lomb Scargle Periodogram for the height average of <v´v´>


Monthly Variation of the Momentum Flux <u´w´> and <v´w´> for the three stations


• Three SkiYmet meteor Radars have been installed in Brazilian equatorial and low latitudes

• Regular and international cooperation campaigns have been conducted since 1999

• Tides and planetary waves have been configured at the three stations and also the non-linear relations between then

• Winds have been used to configure the atmospheric environment for the propagation of gravity waves and mesospheric fronts

• Simultaneous measurements with lidar have shown the importance of winds in sodium layer variations

• The effects of SSW’s in northern polar regions are present in Solar and Lunar Tides, Planetary waves and Temperature in low latitude southern mesosphere

CONCLUSIONS



CARIRI

CARIRI

Spe

ctra

l pow

er( m

2 /s

ec2

)S

pect

ral p

ower

( m2

/sec

2)

Confidence level

Confidence level

Confidence level

Confidence level

Confidence level Confidence level

Confidence level Confidence level

Lomb-Scargle Periodograms for <uú´> and <v´v´>

Period (Months)

Period (Months)


CARIRI




SANTA MARIA




Lomb Scargle Periodogram for the height average of <u´w´> Lomb Scargle Periodogram for the height average of <v´w´>

Period (Months)Period (Months)

Period (Months) Period (Months)

Spe

ctra

l pow

er( m

2 /s

ec2

)S

pect

ral p

ower

( m2

/sec

2)

Lomb Scargle Periodogram for the height average of <u´w´>

Lomb Scargle Periodogram for the height average of <u´w´>

Lomb Scargle Periodogram for the height average of <v´w´>

Lomb Scargle Periodogram for the height average of <v´w´>

Spe

ctra

l pow

er( m

2 /s

ec2

)

Period (Months)

Period (Months)

Period (Months)

Period (Months)

Period (Months)

Period (Months)

Period (Months)

Period (Months)

Period (Months)

90% Confidence level90% Confidence level

90% Confidence level90% Confidence level

90% Confidence level




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Mesospheric winds measurements using three meteor radars in Brazil