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This Project Management Plan is intended to provide information on Needs Identification which will show the Need/Problem/Challenge for the Effects that Coca Cola has on the Environment as well as the Audience it’s intended for and the Results. The Project Goals and Objectives will describe what the project will accomplish by stating Goals that will provide what the Project is trying to Achieve and will also align these Business Goals. A Schedule and WBS will be created to define the work packages and develop tracking the cost and schedule for the project. Gantt, CPM, and PERT Charts will be used for communication and organization and Budget Considerations will be evident which will show estimates of highly requested items. Resource Considerations will also be presented in this Project Plan which is needed to implement the recommendations that have been put forth. These types of reports often include things such as Faculty Support and Staff Support which can be a time intensive activity. Team Communication Requirements will also be presented in this Project Plan which will show how more time is required for internal communication. (AIU Online, 2009)
Citation preview
Small Business WorksEffects of Coca Cola on the Environment
1
Running Head: THE EFFECTS OF COCA COLA ON THE ENVIRONMENT
The Effects of Coca Cola on the Environment
Ahminda West, Jennifer Ayers, Johnny Fedd
Tammie Chalupka & Carla J. McCoy
Unit 5 Group Project – MGT110
April 21st, 2009
American InterContinental University
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Small Business WorksEffects of Coca Cola on the Environment
2
PROJECT MANAGEMENT PLAN
THE EFFECTS OF COCA COLA ON THE ENVIRONMENT
April 21st, 2009
The Effects of Coca Cola on the Environment
Small Business Works
1100 Kelley Street
Atlanta, GA 76300
Approved for Public Release; Distribution is Unlimited
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Small Business WorksEffects of Coca Cola on the Environment
3
Abstract
This Project Management Plan is intended to provide information on Needs Identification which
will show the Need/Problem/Challenge for the Effects that Coca Cola has on the Environment as
well as the Audience it’s intended for and the Results. The Project Goals and Objectives will
describe what the project will accomplish by stating Goals that will provide what the Project is
trying to Achieve and will also align these Business Goals. A Schedule and WBS will be created
to define the work packages and develop tracking the cost and schedule for the project. Gantt,
CPM, and PERT Charts will be used for communication and organization and Budget
Considerations will be evident which will show estimates of highly requested items. Resource
Considerations will also be presented in this Project Plan which is needed to implement the
recommendations that have been put forth. These types of reports often include things such as
Faculty Support and Staff Support which can be a time intensive activity. Team Communication
Requirements will also be presented in this Project Plan which will show how more time is
required for internal communication. (AIU Online, 2009)
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Section Page
SECTION 1. OVERVIEW…………………………………………………………………..3
Introduction …………………………………………………………………………………5
Needs Identification ……………………………………………………………………….. 5
Project Goals & Objectives ………………………………………………………………… 5-6
Schedule WBS ……………………………………………………………………………… 6-8
Charts (Gantt, CPM, PERT) …………………………………………………………………6-8
Budget Considerations ………………………………………………………………………10-12
Resource Considerations …………………………………………………………………… 12-14
Team Communication Requirements ……………………………………………………… 14-16
Conclusion …………………………………………………………………………………….16
References ………………………………………………………………………………….. 17-18
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Small Business WorksEffects of Coca Cola on the Environment
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Introduction - Ahminda West
Today, everyone is concerned with conserving the environment and the global warming
effect. April 22 is designated to inspire awareness and to appreciate the Earth’s environment.
Coca Cola is a company that was founded in 1886 and has thrived in being the number one Soft
Drink Company. This company strives to better the environment; however there are physical
effects to environment, both positive and negative. Because the world is so environmentally
protective these days companies must be socially responsible in the products they produce, but
then also the consumable product consumers are using. This project will research the positive
and negative effects Coca Cola has on the environment, to better educate consumers.
Needs Identification – Johnny Fedd – (Didn’t Turn Work In On Time)
Project Goals and Objectives - Ahminda West
Coca Cola is a company who market not only soft drinks but also sports drinks, juices
and energy drinks. We will review both the bottle to recycle plants, and the cold drink
equipment which according the companies profile are both energy efficient and socially
responsible (Coca Cola, 2006). With careful review of other companies alike, we will be able to
compare and contrast if Coca Cola is in fact saving energy. Thus far, Coca Cola has invested
over $60 billion dollars in recycling plants. We will compare Coca Cola to companies such as
Pepsi Co and Faygo. These three companies are very comparable in their product, and through
research we will find if Coca Cola is in fact conscientious of the environment. By looking at the
percentage of sales vs. how many American’s actually recycle we will see if the $60 billion
dollar recycling center is in fact worth all the cost.
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According to the website the Energy Management System, EMS-55 will create 75% less
gas omissions then traditional sales equipment (Coca Cola, 2006). We will research how gas
omissions affect the environment, and if 75% less omissions is an effective accomplishment.
Coca Cola is an icon to the American population; however how safe for the environment are
their product(s)?
Schedule WBS
WORK BREAKDOWN STRUCTURE
The Effects of Coca Cola on the Environment
Schedule
Document Owners(s) Attendance Project/Organization Role
Ahminda West Project Goals and Objectives, & The
Introduction
Johnny Fedd Needs Identification
Jennifer Ayers Resource Considerations
Tammie Chalupka Budget Considerations & Conclusion
Carla J. McCoy Team Communication Requirements, Charts,
& Schedule and WBS
(Microsoft Office Online, 2009)
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Small Business WorksEffects of Coca Cola on the Environment
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Date Author Change Description
4/22/09 Ahminda West Documents Created
4/25/09 Jennifer Ayers Documents Created
4/23/09 Carla J. McCoy Documents Created
Johnny Fedd
4/26/09 Tammie Chalupka Documents Created
(Microsoft Office Online, 2009)
WBS
Work Breakdown Structure Purpose and Limitations
The Purpose and Limitations of this worksheet is to:
Produce Needs Identifications
Produce Project Goals & Objectives
Produce a Schedule and WBS
Produce Charts such as Gantt, CPM, or PERT
Produce Budget Considerations
Produce Resource Considerations
Produce Team Communication Requirements
(Microsoft Office Online, 2009)
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(Microsoft Office Online, 2009)
Effects of Coca Cola & The Environment
Deliverable
Needs Identification
Project Goals & Objectives, &
The Introduction
Resource Considerations
Improve Water Resources
Water Stewardship
Sustainable
Packaging/Recyclin
gEnergy Conserv
ation Climate Change
Product
Results such
as Tea,
Juice, &
Beverages
Renewabl
e, Reusable &
Recyclabl
e
New
Packaging
Technique
Using PET, Aluminum and
glass
packages
Reducing Carbon Emissions
Project Goals & Objectives, & The
Introduction
Compare Companies
Percentage of Sales vs. People who
Recycle
75% less Gas
Omissions
Budget Resources
Environmental Policy
Developed
Research Levels for Resolution
Diminish Undesirable EffectsInvestment in
educational
Institutions
Help with the
Protection of
the Environment
Schedule and WBS
Document Owners
Attendance
Organizational Role &
Documents Created
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Small Business WorksEffects of Coca Cola on the Environment
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Charts (Gantt, CPM, PERT) – Carla J. McCoy
(Web2.concordia.ca, (2009)
Start Project1 7dSun 4/19/09 Sun 4/26/09
Assemble Team
2 1d
Mon 4/20/09 Mon 4/21/09
Plan Logistics & Schedule
2a 7d
Sun 4/19/09 Sun 4/26/09
Daily Site Visit3 7dSun 4/19/09 Sun 4/26/09
Prepare Materials for site Visit
4 5dSun 4/19/09 Fri 4/24/09
Daily Feedback
5 7d
Sun 4/19/09 Sun 4/26/09
Analyze Feedback Report
6 7d
Sun 4/19/09 Sun 4/26/09
Prepare Summary of Report Findings
7 7d
4/19/09 4/26/09
Finalize Official Report
8 5d
4/19/09 4/24/09
Hold Summary Group Chat9 2d4/19/09 4/22/09
Hold Group Chat
10 2d
4/19/09 4/22/09
End project11 0d4/26/09 4/26/09
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Small Business WorksEffects of Coca Cola on the Environment
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Gantt ChartEffects of Coca Cola on the Environment
Small Business Works
Project Lead: Carla J. McCoyToday's Date: April 22nd, 2009Start Date: April 20th, 2009
WBS Tasks Task Lead Start End Dur
atio
n (D
ays)
% C
ompl
ete
Wor
king
Day
s
(Vertex42, 2003-2009)
Budget Considerations – Tammie Chalupka
The Coca-Cola Company says that environmental protection is their priority.
(Wbcsd.org, 2002)What this means is that they believe their success depends on the
environmentally healthy and acceptable everyday service to their patrons, and this is not a
burden but a natural obligation. (Wbcsd.org, 2002) For this reason our environmental policy is
strategically developed and incorporated into our business system. (Wbcsd.org, 2002) Their
conviction is that they need to relentlessly search all levels for resolution to diminish undesirable
effects on the soil and air and at the same time provide top quality goods and services to their
consumers, as well as healthy and beautiful environment to their employees, families and the
world as well. (Wbcsd.org, 2002)
Coca-Cola also makes exceptional efforts in the execution of the business policy of social
responsibility. (Wbcsd.org, 2002) Not only do they have considerable investments in the
protection of the environment they also invest in the education of children about the
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environment, in providing educational institutions in extra-curricular activities, give a hand
sports organizations and schools, supports NGO’s, provide funds to restore the cultural
monuments and support socially responsible behavior of its business partners. (Wbcsd.org, 2002)
In 2007 the company reported the Environmental performance report; this documented
the constant commitment to sustainability (Press Release, 2007). According to Press Release;
“there were three principal areas of environmental responsibility: water stewardship, sustainable
packaging and energy and climate protection”. (2007) Global Water Stewardship – has enhanced
water use usefulness over 19 percent. They work with a multitude of non-governmental group
and government organization; they have created a number of area -based water projects in other
countries such as rainwater harvesting projects. They also back the Global Water Challenge,
which backs projects that make available reliable water for drinking, cleanliness and hygiene
instruction in evolving countries. (Press Release, 2007)
Sustainable Packaging – this focuses on using a smaller amount and reprocessing
additional. At this time most of the corporation’s principal packaging is returnable, majority or
prepared from commonly used resources like aluminum, PET, and glass. (Press Release, 2007)
The sustainable design efforts (known as e3), has lead to a decrease in weight and development
to influence opposition of the Corporation’s most identifiable container – the glass contour
bottle. In 2006 they launched Coca-Cola Recycling LLC to pay attention to the chance
associated to reuse in the U.S. (Press Release, 2007) they invest in closed loop recycling plants.
They have invested to build the first bottle-to-bottle recycling plant overseas. This factory will
make available tons of recycled PET plastic martial for utilization in new bottles. (Press Release,
2007)
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Energy and Climate Protection – the chief energy and climate effect is because of
vending machines and coolers, manufacturing and fleet/transport. (Press Release, 2007) There
was a 10 percent rise in overall energy use, this was because of its expanded undertaking in
fewer industrialized country and the kind of beverages created. Regardless of this and other
factors the energy and climate safeguard accomplishment on the whole has become better by 16
percent in effectiveness since 2002. (Press Release, 2007)
In conclusion, the company has made some advances in the protection of the environment
and is committed to continuing to improve and invest in equipment and education to help in the
protection of the environment.
Resource Considerations – Jennifer Ayers
Areas where Coca-Cola has taken a strong stand is evident in the following three areas;
water stewardship, sustainability packaging/recycling, and lastly in energy conservation/ climate
control. Although these are three different topics, as we go into each of these topics a little more
in depth we find that they are inextricably linked. One example used refers to the threat of
climate change, which would have serious implications for water resources. (www.cokecce.com)
WATER STEWARDSHIP
In order for Coca-Cola to maintain a water sustainable operation, they have vowed to use
one liter of water for every liter of product that they produce. This in turn would allow the
product to be what is called water neutral. It is in high hopes that they will be able to reduce the
amount of water used by as much if not more than 10 percent by the year 2010 and to help in
protecting watersheds where applicable. (www.cokecce.com) By aiming to improve our water
resources, Coca-Cola was able to improve our water efficiency in 2007, by using 1.77 liters to
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produce one liter of beverage. That represented an improvement of three percent in comparison
to the previous year. It was also a savings of approximately 1.85 gig liters of water. It was
documented that of the 36 gig liters of water used, approximately 3.3 gig liters was actually
groundwater that had been extracted from their own facilities. (www.cokecce.com)
Some of the newer products to help in this extended portfolio would include the
following: ready to drink teas, juices and other beverages that would be more water -intensive
than that of sparkling water. Teas would be brewed rather than instant, and the juices and sports
drinks would have to be pasteurized.
SUSTAINABLE PACKAGING / RECYCLING
Resources would indicate a new packaging technique which would be more renewable,
reusable, and recyclable at an approximate rate of 100 percent. By incorporating this technique,
Coca-Cola is able to recycle or recover approximately more than 90 percent of the materials used
in production by 2010. They would hopefully be able to lead the industry in product recovery
while increasing recycled PET bottles by an average of 10 percent visibility by 2010. By using
PET, aluminum and glass packages, Coca- Cola is able to lead the promotion of recycling
among its customers, consumers and communities. (www.cokecce.com)
ENERGY CONSERVATION / CLIMATE CHANGE
By creating a new packaging image, Coca-Cola has also worked to reduce the carbon
emissions within their manufacturing, fleet, sales, and marketing equipment within their
facilities. By establishing a carbon footprint they are able to test and identify future emission
reductions. They have been working with Great Britain and other leading companies to develop a
universally accepted standard which will calculate the carbon footprint of their products across
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their life cycles. This pilot was to end in 2008, which allowed them to use the resulting
methodology to identify how they could further reduce the carbon footprint. (www.cokecce.com)
one of their most significant energy efficient initiatives developed is their three -year program to
install industrial and high-bay fluorescent lighting throughout U.S. facilities. It has been
documented that 163 converted locations out of 388 locations have seen their lighting energy
usage decrease by half, while the CO2 emissions was reduced by 65,000 metric tons. By the end
of this year, 2009, it is estimated that it will have saved 137,000 metric tons of CO2 emissions
each year. (www.cokecce.com)
It is also estimated that by the exploration of heat recovery in North American facilities
that we will be able to warm the water used during production without an increase in natural gas
usage. It is a belief that replacement and repair of motors on the production lines would be more
energy efficient. (www.cokecce.com)
Team Communication Requirements – Carla J. McCoy
Communication is not just talking it also involves effective listening and can possibly
take up 90% if not more of the Project Manager’s time. There are times when Project Managers
have to ask team members to do what they need to do for Projects numerous times. Transferring
knowledge among team members can be a tough thing to do. It would be easy if the Project
Manager could just tell them what to do and how to do it and then they did it exactly that way
but that’s not the reality of how Project Plan Communication works. (Phillips, 2000-2009) One
thing I’d like to point out is that there are two types of communication which would be written
and oral. Effective Communication is necessary to keep projects moving and allows problems to
be identified. Oral communication is normally face to face or done on the phone but it can also
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be done by voice mail or video conferencing. Not only can you provide effective listening skills
but you can review body language through oral communication as well. Being able to review a
person’s body language could be in the form of including the smallest thing such as a smile, or
hand gestures but it can also allow you to have direct eye contact, nodding to the person speaking
that shows acknowledgement or agreement. (Gido & Clements, 2009)
If you are viewing negative body language then you are more likely to see things such as
crossed arms, frowns, gazing, doodling, yawning or even slouching. We all need to be sensitive
to body language because it reflects cultural diversity among other people whether it’s another
employee, a team member, or even a customer. It’s especially important when you are dealing
with other people from other cultures because they have a different way of greeting, gift giving,
customs and protocol which have very different meanings than what you may have. Anytime you
orally communicate with someone you want to avoid words, remarks, and phrases that would
possibly be portrayed as sexist, offensive, prejudicial, and racist and keep in mind that any
comments made do not have to be made directly to the person for them to be offensive. Effective
face to face communication fosters team building and establishes mutual expectations and good
working relationships. (Gido & Clements, 2009)
Considering Written Communication, it is done with memos, letters and email which is
normally done when the situation is impractical or when information needs to be disseminated. It
should be used when necessary or a follow up face to face conversation. Written communication
is good because it also allows you to keep record of all written communication that you have
partaken in regarding business decisions or previous actions. It should be used mainly for three
things which are to confirm, inform, and request and should never be lengthy. Project members
are normally very busy with assigned work that has been handed out to them and are in no
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position to be flooded with paperwork or emails because this can become a problem. (Gido &
Clements, 2009)
Conclusion – Tammie Chalupka
In conclusion as was stated in the beginning of this paper the we have provided the
information on the Needs Identification that shows the need/problem/ challenge for the effects
that Coca Cola has on the environment as well as the people it is intended for along with the
results. The project goals and objectives have been stated as well as what the project is set up to
achieve. All the schedules have been created that define the work packages as well as tracking
the cost and time schedule for the project, communication, organization and budget have been
covered as well. This also shows what items are most often requested. The resources for this
project have also been considered that are needed to implement the recommendations that have
been given in this repost. Finally it will show that more communication is required for internal
communication. All these will be in line with the company mission statement and goals.
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References
Carbon Trust www.carbontrust.co
CCE Environment Policy retrieved 24 April 2009 @ website www.cokecce.com
Coca Cola, (2006) Innovation of our packaging retrieved on April 21, 2009 from
http://www.thecoca-colacompany.com/ourcompany/innovation_packaging.html
EPA Climate Leaders: www.epa.gov/climateleaders
Gido, J., & Clements, P., (2009) Successful Project Management (3rd Ed.)
Thompson, retrieved on April 18th, 2009 from AIU eBook: https://mycampus.aiu-
online.com
Microsoft Office Online, (2009) Work Breakdown Structure Template Microsoft Corporation
Retrieved on April 26th, 2009 from:
http://office.microsoft.com/en-us/templates/TC011417261033.aspx
Phillips, J., (2000-2009) Real World Project Management: Communications Project Smart
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Retrieved on April 21st, 2009 from: http://www.projectsmart.co.uk/real-world-project-
management-communications.html
Press Release, (2007, July, 26). Coca-Cola Releases Annual Environmental Report. Retrieved
April 23, 2009, from Happy News - Coca-Cola Releases Annual Environmental Report
Web site: http://www.happynews.com/news/7262007/coca-cola-releases-annual-
environmental-report.htm
TCCMS retrieved 24 April 2009 @website www.thecoca-colacompany.com
Vertex42, 2003-2009) Excel Gantt Chart Template the guide to Excel in Everything retrieved
On April 23rd, 2009 from: http://www.vertex42.com/ExcelTemplates/excel-gantt-
chart.html
Wbcsd.org, (2002). Environmental Performance Report Coca-Cola Beverages Hrvatska D.D.
Retrieved April 23, 2009, from Environment Protection Report Web site:
http://www.wbcsd.org/web/sdportal/coca-cola-hbc-environment.pdf
Web2.concordia.ca, (2009) PERT Chart Pdf File, retrieved on April 23rd, 2009 from:
http://web2.concordia.ca/Quality/tools/20pertchart.pdf
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