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　海外悪性伝染病対策 欧州先進事例紹介合同セミナー

Presented by Harm Kiezebrink Principal consultant

www.n2gf.com

The Emsland modelCould this Emergency response approach work in Asia?

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Disease control models: the traditional approach

General objectives International standards

The end of the traditional approach within the EU

Fundamental questions

EU Directive 1099/2009

Key elements to successful response

The Emsland model

From virus to biomass

Processes in 10 steps

Would the model work in Asia?

Fundamental questions

OVERVIEW

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Government/veterinary authorities are overall responsible for management, control, and field response National level: declaration of the disease (on suspicion/after

confirmation) Regional level: Organizing and coordinating response activities;

inspection/reporting; surveillance/epidemiology; sampling/laboratory, (pre) financing & compensation; logistics, etc.

Local level: Carrying out all response activities; organizing rapid response/culling/disposal/cleaning & disinfection etc.

Industry is responsible for biosecurity and prevention

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Disease　control　models:Traditional　approach

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To safeguard the production and distribution of food/feed that is safe for consumers/animals

To maintain the trust of the general public, the distributors and retailers in food safety:

Demonstrable

Transparent

Without unnecessary risks for public health, animal welfare and the environment

General objectives of International standards

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The EU legislation changed after a series of outbreaks in the UK and Holland with devastating consequences

The traditional approach was not based on modern large scale production in concentrated farming areas

Both the Government as well as the industry failed to reduce the impact of the large scale outbreaks

The public was extremely upset and blamed the large scale production for causing the slaughter of millions of innocent animals

The end of the traditional approach within the EU

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1997: Total financial impact Dutch Classic Swine fever outbreak

£ 2,4 billion 0.5 兆円

2001: Total financial impact UK FMD outbreak:

£13 billion 2.5 兆円

2003: Total financial impact Dutch AI outbreak:

€ 1,275 billion 0.2 兆円

Quite usual damage, also today:

2011: Estimated financial impact Korean MFD outbreak:

W 3 trillion 0.3 兆円

2010: Estimated financial impact on Japanese MFD/AI outbreak:

JPY 140 billion 0.2 兆円

(post crisis report of Whiting T, 2003)

Financial consequences

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2001: UK FMD outbreak: Untrained veterinary staff

Lack of adequate policy, monitoring and oversight

Using the military instead of trained agricultural staff

Logistics competition due to chaotic contracting of suppliers

Lack of planning

No equipment

Lack of Disposal/burial

(post crisis report of Whiting T, 2003)

Organizational conclusions

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2003: Dutch AI outbreak: Wrong planning based on FMD response plan

Insufficient equipment at the start

Inadequately trained response personnel in quality and quantity

Insufficient rendering capacity

Insufficient monitoring

Outdated policy based on using Cyanide

(post crisis report of RIVM 2003)

Organizational conclusions

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2003: Dutch AI outbreak: 4,500 people were in contact with diseased birds

2,250 persons (50%) carried antibodies

453 people showed symptoms

89 people were diseased with H7N7 (3 were not in direct contact with diseased birds)

1 veterinarian died; Approx. 4,050 family members, relatives and friends carried antibodies

Increased stress under veterinary staff, farmers, field workers and their family

(post crisis report of RIVM 2003)

Health related conclusions

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2001: UK FMD outbreak, spreading throughout the EU: 10 million sheep and cattle in the UK where killed

270,000 cattle in Holland where killed

843 infected locations in the UK

Huge impact on tourism

(post crisis report of RIVM 2003)

Destruction of agricultural infrastructure

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Conclusions by the public: Rejection of the industry

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Dutch public campaign 2006 against the industry

Translation: Stop the virus, don’t eat chicken!

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Question 1: Who invests in Emergency control?

Question 2: Who suffers the losses?

Question 3: Who is responsible when things go wrong?

Question 4: Why can’t the industry insure the risks?

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Fundamental　questions

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Joint responsibility between Government & Industry

Prevention & biosecurity is mandatory for the entire industry

Response strategy is a joint effort of the Government, Veterinary authorities and the industry

Animal disease insurance policy co-financed by the Government and the industry

Freedom to introduce vaccination strategy on country level

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Fundamental　changesThrough　EU　Directive　1099/2009

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Continuous monitoring

Early recognition

Quick and reliable diagnose

Timely warning to the Veterinary authorities

Minimizing the risks

Spreading of the disease

Financial losses and costs

Competent response Veterinary authorities

Branch organizations

Farmers

Farming related Industry

Response by a well-trained professional organization Maximum response within 24

hours

Minimizing contacts between animals and humans

Paid through the animal disease insurance fund

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Key elements of a successful response approach

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Pigs in Lower Saxony

7.000.000; 25% of all pigs in Germany

One of the highest pig concentrations in Europe: Landkreis Emsland

Poultry in Emsland

Emsland: County of the German State of Lower Saxony

One of Europe’s most dense poultry area’s

Total population: 310,000 people

Poultry stock: 28,5 million birds

2,900 km2 = 10,000 birds per Km2

1,500 poultry farms = 19.000 per farm

Landkreis Emsland Close cooperation between authorities

and Industry

Veterinary tasks: Inspection and control

Veterinary tasks during field response are carried out by regional private veterinary service, specialized in pigs and poultry

Farmers are responsible for response

Specialized private emergency response contractor is carrying out all response tasks, on behalf of the farmers

All farmers pay a contribution per animal to the animal disease insurance fund

All investments in equipment and training are covered by the fund

Burial of carcasses is strictly forbidden!AVT AB ©

The Emsland model

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The risks are insured on the basis of a farm biosecurity plan authorized by

the Veterinary authorities, including an extended compensation scheme

A specialized emergency response contractor is responsible for all non-veterinary tasks and responsibilities, capable of processing 1,000 MT per 24 hours

Only specialized equipment is used, stored within the area to guarantee a response time of 8 hours

The insurance fund is used to pre-finance the investments in equipment, stocks and training of qualified response staff

Most response activities take place within the stables, minimizing the risks of escape of the virus

Minimum of one joint simulation drill per animal type/per year

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How　does　the　Emsland　model　work　in　practice?

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Example for Pigs under Asian conditions – From virus to biomass -

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① Site preparation is a joint effort of

the farmer, the veterinarian and contractor

② Animals are handled by the farmers own staff to avoid unnecessary stress & pain

③ The animals are killed by the most appropriate method within the stable

④ The veterinary staff only monitors the response activities

⑤ The entire process is registered on video

⑥ All animals are weighted on site

⑦ An electronic file is created per animal (pigs)/batch of animals (poultry), including video and other relevant electronic data

⑧ A mobile cleaning and disinfection unit is on site

⑨ In case carcasses are maceratored and transformed into biomass, the bulk is safely transported to a biomass installation

⑩ All non-animal materials used are collected and destructed

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Processes in 10 steps

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Under witch conditions could the model work in Asia?

Cooperation between Government, Veterinary services and the Industry, in line with the EU model

Introduction of farmers responsibility for organizing the response on their farm

Creation of an Animal Disease Insurance Fund to pre-finance the investments in equipment and training

Creation of a professional private response organization to carry out all response activities

Allowing alternative disposal methods, like biomass, to avoid the risks of reintroduction of the virus

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Question 1: Is the industry willing to cooperate with the authorities?

Question 2: Can you afford more future losses?

Question 3: Are you willing to bare the joint responsibility?

Question 4: Are the authorities willing to accept the industry as partner?

Question 5: Are you willing to pay a fee per animal to the insurance fund?

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Fundamental　questions:

Don’t buy weapons during wartime

Thank you for your attention

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