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Presentation delivered by our Rob Milner to MD&M on connecting medical devices to smart phones in the age of digital health.
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30 October 2013 SmartSys-P-007 v0.3
Bluetooth Smart
Connecting Medical Devices to Smart Phones
Rob Milner
MD&M
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WHO WE ARE
& WHAT WE DO
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WHO WE ARE
A world leader in technology and product innovation
Established out of Cambridge University UK in 1960
~ 380 scientists and designers in Cambridge, UK and 30 in Cambridge MA, USA
For clients worldwide, we
– develop breakthrough products
– create and license intellectual property
– provide business consulting in technology-critical issues
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WHO WE ARE
You may not know us..
…but you are probably familiar with some of our work
First ever single-chip Bluetooth
solution, now found in 7 out of 10 cell
phones worldwide
Spun out Cambridge Silicon Radio (CSR)
The first cellular patient monitor (in WMTS) for Philips.
The world’s first digital fertility
monitor
Continua Compliant Bluetooth devices for
A&D Medical.
Handheld satellite phone technology
for Iridium
Designed & helped manufacture the first
round tea bag, helping client increase market share by 30%
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WHAT WE DO
We work for clients in a diverse range of sectors
Medicaltechnologies
Industrial andconsumer products
Healthcare and innovation mgmt| | |Wireless
Our clients range from global blue chips to dynamic start-ups
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DIGITAL
HEALTH
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DIGITAL HEALTH
A Quantified Self
Several different terms are being used but regardless, digital health is about quantifying one’s-self, and an attempt to engage (“connect”) an individual with his/her self & his/her circle in a seamless manner
Connected Health
Health 2.0
mHealth
Digital Health
Telehealth
Telemedicine
Health & Wellness
eHealth QUANTIFIEDSELF
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DIGITAL HEALTH
The Health Continuum
Solutions must be targeted depending on whether the quantified self is applied to: A professional athlete A fitness freak or the worried
well A healthy individual An individual with chronic
disease Or a patient in hospital or
clinic,
However, they can & must leverage similarities across the Health Continuum
Sports &fitness
Wellbeing
Preventivecare
Chronic diseaseManagement
Acute caremonitoring
Optimizingcare delivery
THE QUANTIFIED SELF
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DIGITAL HEALTH
Sports &fitness
Wellbeing
Preventivecare
Chronic diseaseManagement
Acute caremonitoring
Optimizingcare delivery
SERVICES
DEVICES
APPS
THE QUANTIFIED SELF
STRATEGY
EXPERIENCE DESIGN
SENSOR DESIGN
ALGORITHMS
WIRELESS TECHNOLOGIES
PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT
DOMAIN EXPERTISE
Solutions for the Health Continuum
Three primary categories in which solutions are required.
They require a very similar set of skills complemented by specific domain expertise.
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CONNECTING
TO PHONES
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QR codes / Computer Vision
There are many ways to communicate between an app and a device
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QR codes / Computer Vision NFC
There are many ways to communicate between an app and a device
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QR codes / Computer Vision NFC Audio / headphone jack
There are many ways to communicate between an app and a device
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QR codes / Computer Vision NFC Audio / headphone jack Wired connector
There are many ways to communicate between an app and a device
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QR codes / Computer Vision NFC Audio / headphone jack Wired connector Bluetooth, WiFi
There are many ways to communicate between an app and a device
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QR codes / Computer Vision NFC Audio / headphone jack Wired connector Bluetooth, WiFi Bluetooth Smart
There are many ways to communicate between an app and a device
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QR codes / Computer Vision NFC Audio / headphone jack Wired connector Bluetooth, WiFi Bluetooth Smart
Understanding your requirements is important when selecting the technology– Use cases– Simplicity– Size– Cost– Attachment rate– Lifetime
There are many ways to communicate between an app and a device
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There are many phones to connect to
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BLUETOOTH SMART
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Bluetooth Smart is a low power variant of Bluetooth
Other low power radios exist – so what’s special about Bluetooth Smart?
It’s performance is similar to other technologies:– ANT+– Zigbee
Bluetooth is in phones!– In November 2011 Apple included Bluetooth Smart
in the iPhone 4S– By 2012 750M phones were Bluetooth Smart
ready (although Smart ready is not Smart)– That’s pretty much all smart phones– Both Apple and Android (*) fully support Bluetooth
Smart
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Bluetooth Smart offers unprecedented flexibility in creating new devices
Previously devices were constrained to particular use cases
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Bluetooth Smart offers unprecedented flexibility in creating new devices
Previously devices were constrained to particular use cases
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Bluetooth Smart offers unprecedented flexibility in creating new devices
Previously devices were constrained to particular use cases Developers can now create their own use case
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Bluetooth Smart offers unprecedented flexibility in creating new devices
Previously devices were constrained to particular use cases Developers can now create their own use case
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Bluetooth Smart offers unprecedented flexibility in creating new devices
Previously devices were constrained to particular use cases Developers can now create their own use case
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Bluetooth Smart is attractive for a number of reasons
Makes connectivity a low marginal cost increase to electronic devices
Benefits are valuable enough to consider adding connectivity to products that have never contained electronics
Removes the need for partner device development– Handheld devices– Hubs
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Bluetooth Smart devices are truly connected
All our enquiries are for devices that fit within this architecture
This enables system features that cannot be implemented on the device alone
This means that the device must be considered within the context of the system
Device
App
Cloud service
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NITTY GRITTY
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Technology architecture
A phone can connect to multiple peripherals A peripheral can connect to only one phone Pairing is used to associate and secure devices
Standard is based around profiles– Blood pressure profile– Glucose profile– Battery service– Find me profile
You can also develop custom profiles Data rates are modest but workable
Master
Slave
Slave
Slave
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Bluetooth Smart chips can provide a standalone solution
You can put application code on them They have general purpose features
– Analog and digital IO– I2C/SPI– Power management
They are designed to run from a single coin cell battery
There is a healthy competition amongst chipset companies– Latest parts tend to be the best– Some trade off power for range– Different companies have different support models
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Bluetooth management
Bluetooth Special Interest Group (SIG) manage the technology
– License technology to members– Define standards– Police compliance
To bring a Bluetooth product to market you need to:– Join the SIG– Design to their standards– Show compliance against test suite
Manufacturers can self certify– Aim is to keep barriers low to increase adoption
Modules can help to simplify the process
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Fragmentation is a problem on Android
Android– Fragmentation of versions and
hardware– Variable tech attachment rates– Limited visibility of upcoming features,
but a slow roll out of new features– Jelly bean - July 2012– ICS – October 2011
Apple– Good roll out of new OS’s
– 58.3% of iDevices updated to iOS 7 within a week
– Good developer info– Lower market share
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The app sandbox on phones constrains solutions
The core OS controls most of the phone It determines how and when your app can run It determines which parts of the phone you can control
You only get access to parts of the radio The OS manages how the different radios share resources These constraints can have a big impact on your device
GATT
ATT
L2CAP
HCI
LC/LM
Characteristic
Service
Profile
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Example – connection setup
Imagine a device that generates data every few minutes and sends it to a phone
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Example – connection setup
Imagine a device that generates data every few minutes and sends it to a phone
This is how the device will spend it’s power
The connecting power can be altered by varying a parameter
Connecting80%
Handshake19%
Data trans-
fer2%
Bluetooth Smart radio power budget to transfer one data packet
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There is a sweet spot for minimising the power to connect
20 30 40 50 60 70 800
10
20
30
40 37
2422
35
25 24
20
Advertising Interval (ms)
Av
era
ge
Nu
mb
er
of
Att
em
pts
to
C
on
ne
ct
+85%
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There is a sweet spot for minimising the power to connect
This is the difference between a user getting 20 days of battery life and getting a month
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The sweet spot changes between OS versions
20 30 40 50 60 70 800
10
20
30
40
50
37
2422
35
25 2420
40
2926
35
2226 27
OS vAOS vB
Advertising Interval (ms)
Av
era
ge
Nu
mb
er
of
Att
em
pts
to
C
on
ne
ct
+35%
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20 30 40 50 60 70 800
10
20
30
22
15 1513
10 9 8
Advertising Interval (ms)
Av
era
ge
Nu
mb
er
of
Att
em
pts
to
C
on
ne
ct
+175%
Other OS’s behave in the same way
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CONCLUSIONS
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THINK SYSTEM
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UNDERSTAND YOUR REQUIREMENTS
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PLAN TO ADAPT
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For further information contact:
Robert Milner, Senior Consultant - Wireless Divisionrobert.milner@cambridgeconsultants.com
Vaishali Kamat, Associate Director - Medical Technologyvaishali.kamat@cambridgeconsultants.com
Tim Ensor, Business Development Manager - Wireless Divisiontim.ensor@cambridgeconsultants.com
30 October 2013 SmartSys-P-007 v0.3
Cambridge UK
Registered No. 1036296 England
Cambridge Consultants is part of the Altran group, a global leader in Innovation. www.Altran.com
www.CambridgeConsultants.com
Cambridge USA Singapore
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