Bluetooth Smart: Connecting Medical Devices to Smart Phones

30 October 2013 SmartSys-P-007 v0.3

Bluetooth Smart

Connecting Medical Devices to Smart Phones

Rob Milner

MD&M


WHO WE ARE

& WHAT WE DO


WHO WE ARE

A world leader in technology and product innovation

Established out of Cambridge University UK in 1960

~ 380 scientists and designers in Cambridge, UK and 30 in Cambridge MA, USA

For clients worldwide, we

– develop breakthrough products

– create and license intellectual property

– provide business consulting in technology-critical issues


WHO WE ARE

You may not know us..

…but you are probably familiar with some of our work

First ever single-chip Bluetooth

solution, now found in 7 out of 10 cell

phones worldwide

Spun out Cambridge Silicon Radio (CSR)

The first cellular patient monitor (in WMTS) for Philips.

The world’s first digital fertility

monitor

Continua Compliant Bluetooth devices for

A&D Medical.

Handheld satellite phone technology

for Iridium

Designed & helped manufacture the first

round tea bag, helping client increase market share by 30%


WHAT WE DO

We work for clients in a diverse range of sectors

Medicaltechnologies

Industrial andconsumer products

Healthcare and innovation mgmt| | |Wireless

Our clients range from global blue chips to dynamic start-ups


DIGITAL

HEALTH


DIGITAL HEALTH

A Quantified Self

Several different terms are being used but regardless, digital health is about quantifying one’s-self, and an attempt to engage (“connect”) an individual with his/her self & his/her circle in a seamless manner

Connected Health

Health 2.0

mHealth

Digital Health

Telehealth

Telemedicine

Health & Wellness

eHealth QUANTIFIEDSELF


DIGITAL HEALTH

The Health Continuum

Solutions must be targeted depending on whether the quantified self is applied to: A professional athlete A fitness freak or the worried

well A healthy individual An individual with chronic

disease Or a patient in hospital or

clinic,

However, they can & must leverage similarities across the Health Continuum

Sports &fitness

Wellbeing

Preventivecare

Chronic diseaseManagement

Acute caremonitoring

Optimizingcare delivery

THE QUANTIFIED SELF


DIGITAL HEALTH

Sports &fitness

Wellbeing

Preventivecare

Chronic diseaseManagement

Acute caremonitoring

Optimizingcare delivery

SERVICES

DEVICES

APPS

THE QUANTIFIED SELF

STRATEGY

EXPERIENCE DESIGN

SENSOR DESIGN

ALGORITHMS

WIRELESS TECHNOLOGIES

PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT

DOMAIN EXPERTISE

Solutions for the Health Continuum

Three primary categories in which solutions are required.

They require a very similar set of skills complemented by specific domain expertise.


CONNECTING

TO PHONES


QR codes / Computer Vision

There are many ways to communicate between an app and a device


QR codes / Computer Vision NFC



QR codes / Computer Vision NFC Audio / headphone jack



QR codes / Computer Vision NFC Audio / headphone jack Wired connector



QR codes / Computer Vision NFC Audio / headphone jack Wired connector Bluetooth, WiFi



QR codes / Computer Vision NFC Audio / headphone jack Wired connector Bluetooth, WiFi Bluetooth Smart



QR codes / Computer Vision NFC Audio / headphone jack Wired connector Bluetooth, WiFi Bluetooth Smart

Understanding your requirements is important when selecting the technology– Use cases– Simplicity– Size– Cost– Attachment rate– Lifetime



There are many phones to connect to


BLUETOOTH SMART


Bluetooth Smart is a low power variant of Bluetooth

Other low power radios exist – so what’s special about Bluetooth Smart?

It’s performance is similar to other technologies:– ANT+– Zigbee

Bluetooth is in phones!– In November 2011 Apple included Bluetooth Smart

in the iPhone 4S– By 2012 750M phones were Bluetooth Smart

ready (although Smart ready is not Smart)– That’s pretty much all smart phones– Both Apple and Android (*) fully support Bluetooth

Smart


Bluetooth Smart offers unprecedented flexibility in creating new devices

Previously devices were constrained to particular use cases



Previously devices were constrained to particular use cases



Previously devices were constrained to particular use cases Developers can now create their own use case








Bluetooth Smart is attractive for a number of reasons

Makes connectivity a low marginal cost increase to electronic devices

Benefits are valuable enough to consider adding connectivity to products that have never contained electronics

Removes the need for partner device development– Handheld devices– Hubs


Bluetooth Smart devices are truly connected

All our enquiries are for devices that fit within this architecture

This enables system features that cannot be implemented on the device alone

This means that the device must be considered within the context of the system

Device

App

Cloud service


NITTY GRITTY


Technology architecture

A phone can connect to multiple peripherals A peripheral can connect to only one phone Pairing is used to associate and secure devices

Standard is based around profiles– Blood pressure profile– Glucose profile– Battery service– Find me profile

You can also develop custom profiles Data rates are modest but workable

Master

Slave

Slave

Slave


Bluetooth Smart chips can provide a standalone solution

You can put application code on them They have general purpose features

– Analog and digital IO– I2C/SPI– Power management

They are designed to run from a single coin cell battery

There is a healthy competition amongst chipset companies– Latest parts tend to be the best– Some trade off power for range– Different companies have different support models


Bluetooth management

Bluetooth Special Interest Group (SIG) manage the technology

– License technology to members– Define standards– Police compliance

To bring a Bluetooth product to market you need to:– Join the SIG– Design to their standards– Show compliance against test suite

Manufacturers can self certify– Aim is to keep barriers low to increase adoption

Modules can help to simplify the process


Fragmentation is a problem on Android

Android– Fragmentation of versions and

hardware– Variable tech attachment rates– Limited visibility of upcoming features,

but a slow roll out of new features– Jelly bean - July 2012– ICS – October 2011

Apple– Good roll out of new OS’s

– 58.3% of iDevices updated to iOS 7 within a week

– Good developer info– Lower market share


The app sandbox on phones constrains solutions

The core OS controls most of the phone It determines how and when your app can run It determines which parts of the phone you can control

You only get access to parts of the radio The OS manages how the different radios share resources These constraints can have a big impact on your device

GATT

ATT

L2CAP

HCI

LC/LM

Characteristic

Service

Profile


Example – connection setup

Imagine a device that generates data every few minutes and sends it to a phone

http://www.cambridgeconsultants.com/documents/register/d6fa4640302e54812b9074b03b71a83e515d721d1f7ee


Example – connection setup

Imagine a device that generates data every few minutes and sends it to a phone

This is how the device will spend it’s power

The connecting power can be altered by varying a parameter

Connecting80%

Handshake19%

Data trans-

fer2%

Bluetooth Smart radio power budget to transfer one data packet


There is a sweet spot for minimising the power to connect

20 30 40 50 60 70 800

10

20

30

40 37

2422

35

25 24

20

Advertising Interval (ms)

Av

era

ge

Nu

mb

er

of

Att

em

pts

to

C

on

ne

ct

+85%


There is a sweet spot for minimising the power to connect

This is the difference between a user getting 20 days of battery life and getting a month


The sweet spot changes between OS versions

20 30 40 50 60 70 800

10

20

30

40

50

37

2422

35

25 2420

40

2926

35

2226 27

OS vAOS vB


Av

era

ge

Nu

mb

er

of

Att

em

pts

to

C

on

ne

ct

+35%


20 30 40 50 60 70 800

10

20

30

22

15 1513

10 9 8


Av

era

ge

Nu

mb

er

of

Att

em

pts

to

C

on

ne

ct

+175%

Other OS’s behave in the same way


CONCLUSIONS


THINK SYSTEM


UNDERSTAND YOUR REQUIREMENTS


PLAN TO ADAPT


For further information contact:

Robert Milner, Senior Consultant - Wireless [email protected]

Vaishali Kamat, Associate Director - Medical [email protected]

Tim Ensor, Business Development Manager - Wireless [email protected]

mailto:[email protected]




Cambridge UK

Registered No. 1036296 England

Cambridge Consultants is part of the Altran group, a global leader in Innovation. www.Altran.com

www.CambridgeConsultants.com

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