Gsm based energy meter reading system and load control

GSM BASED ENERGY METER READING SYSTEM AND LOAD CONTROL VIA SMS

K.Kiran Kumar(14HU5A0202)P.V.sai teja(13HU1A0209)D.tejaswini(13HU1A0205)K.Lakshmi(13HU1A0206) GUIDE A.VIJAY KRISHNA

CONTENTES1…..

ABSTRACT2…..

BLOCKDIAGRAM3…..

HARD WARE COMPONENTS 8051 MICRO CONTROLLER GSM MODEM LCD LED RESISTORS CAPACITORS

TRANSFORMERS RELAY REGULATOR ENERGY METER LAMP DIODES

4…. SOFT WARE COMPONENTS KEIL COMPLAIER EMBEDED C

5…. CONCLUSION

PROJECT DESCRIPTION

The main objective of the project is to develop a GSM based energy meter reading system and load control through SMS. Electricity department sends employees to take meter reading every month, which is an expensive and time consuming job.

The proposed project provides a convenient and efficient method to avoid this problem. The electricity department and the user can get the readings of the energy meter of consumers via SMS. The loads can also be controlled by the user of this system via SMS using this project.

A microcontroller input is effectively interfaced to a digital energy meter that takes the reading from the energy meter and displays the same on an LCD. The reading of the energy meter is also sent to the control room by an SMS via SIM loaded GSM modem.

This GSM modem can also receive commands from the cell phone to control the owner’s electrical loads. It uses a standard digital energy meter that delivers output pulses to the microcontroller to perform counting for necessary action. On receiving command it can switch ON/OFF the lOAD

BLOCK DIAGRAM

HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS:

8051 MICROCONTROLLER GSM MODEM LCD LED RESISTORS CAPACITORS DIODES TRANSFORMER REGULATOR RELAY ENERGYMETER LAMP

SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS:

KEIL COMPILER EMBEDED C

HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS

ENERGY METER:

• An energy or electric meter is a device that measures the amount of electrical energy consumed by a residence, business, or an electrically-powered device.• Electric meters are typically calibrated in billing

units, the most common one being the kilowatt hour.

MICROCONTROLLER:

• AT89S51• It is a smaller computer• Has on-chip RAM, ROM, I/O ports...

RAM ROM

I/O Port

TimerSerial COM Port

Microcontroller

CPU

A single chip

Features of AT89S51/52:

Endurance: 10,000 Write/Erase Cycles

4.0V to 5.5V Operating Range

Fully Static Operating at frequency: 0 Hz to 33 MHz

128 bits Internal RAM (Data Memory)

Rom 4 KB (Program memory)

32 Programmable I/O Lines

Three 16-bit Timer/Counters

Interrupt Recovery from Power-down Mode

It contains 16 bit address buses

It is 40 pin dual in package

PIN DIAGRAM OF AT89S51:

• 40 Pin IC• 4 Ports• 32 Programmable I/O Lines

230 V AC 50 Hz

Bridge rectifier

Filter(470µf)

5v Regulator

5V DC

12V step down transformer

POWER SUPPLY:

SERIAL COMMUNICATION• used for all long-haul communication• Cables that carry serial data• RS232 carries serial data in between micro controller

and MODEM through DB9 connector

MAX 232:The MAX232 is an integrated circuit that converts signals from an RS-232serial port to signals suitable for use in TTL compatible digital logic circuits.

The MAX232 is a dual driver/receiver and typically converts the RX, TX, CTS and RTS signals .

When a MAX232 IC receives a TTL level to convert, it changes a TTL Logic 0 to between +3 and +15V, and changes TTL Logic 1 to between -3 to -15V, and vice versa for converting from RS232 to TTL.

A relay is an electrically operated switch. Many relays use an electromagnet to mechanically operate a switch, but other operating principles are also used, such as solid-state relays.Relays are used where it is necessary to control a circuit by a low-power signal (with complete electrical isolation between control and controlled circuits), or where several circuits must be controlled by one signal.

Relays with calibrated operating characteristics and sometimes multiple operating coils are used to protect electrical circuits from overload or faults

RELAY:

GSM COMMUNICATION

The term GSM usually means the GSM standard and protocols in the frequency spectrum around 900MHz.

Mobile Station: The MS is the physical equipment used by a subscriber, most often a normal hand-held cellular telephone.

Base transceiver station:The BTS comprises the radio transmission and reception devices, and also manages the signal processing related to the air interface.

GSM MODEM:A GSM modem is a specialized type of modem which accepts a SIM card, and operates over a subscription to a mobile operator, just like a mobile phone. From the mobile operator perspective, a GSM modem looks just like a mobile phone.When a GSM modem is connected to a computer, this allows the computer to use the GSM modem to communicate over the mobile network.  While these GSM modems are most frequently used to provide mobile internet connectivity, many of them can also be used for sending and receiving SMS and MMS messages.

IR LED:

An IR LED, also known as IR transmitter, is a special purpose

LED that transmits infrared rays in the range of 760 nm

wavelength.

The appearance is same as a common LED. Since the human eye

cannot see the infrared radiations.

The camera can show us the IR rays being emanated from the IR

LED in a circuit.

LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY (LCD):

Most common LCDs connected to the microcontrollers are 16x2

and 20x2 displays.

This means 16 characters per line by 2 lines and 20 characters per

line by 2 lines, respectively.

DISPLAY UNIT

LCD BACKGROUND:If an 8-bit data bus is used the LCD will require 11 data lines (3 control lines plus the 8 lines for the data bus)The three control lines are referred to as EN, RS, and RWEN=Enable (used to tell the LCD that you are sending it data)RS=Register Select (When RS is low (0), data is treated as a command) (When RS is High(1), data being sent is text data )R/W=Read/Write (When RW is low (0), the data written to the LCD) (When RW is high (1), the data reading to the LCD)

SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS

Keil an ARM Company makes C compilers, macro assemblers,

real-time kernels, debuggers, simulators, integrated environments,

evaluation boards, and emulators for ARM7/ARM9/Cortex-M3,

XC16x/C16x/ST10, 251, and 8051 MCU families.

Compilers are programs used to convert a High Level Language

to object code. Desktop compilers produce an output object code for

the underlying microprocessor, but not for other microprocessors

KEIL COMPILER:

SNAP SHOT:

MERITS:1]By adopting this we can avoid illegal usage of current2]continuous monitoring of ac load as per our requirement either ON (or)OFF3]There is not need of sending any member to come to our houses for billing 4]we can generate instant billing in fixed interval of time