012 Urban growth

Energy & Sustainable DevelopmentWhat are the consequences of urbanization? How must our cities cope with this extensive growth and at the same time become sustainable and prosperous?

Prof. Omkar ParishwadAsst. Professor, Town Planning

+91 9922952801ogp.civil@coep.ac.in

Elective II

7/04/2016

URBAN ENERGY SYSTEMS

Overview…

Unit 4:Sustainable Urban Development

Shape and Structure

Urban Services..

Natural ResourcesLiveability, Urban livingPolicy & Governance

Urban Growth

Socio-Economic

Climate Change

Resource Shortage

Digitization & Geo

SynthesisThemes

Global Drivers for change / Challenges

Intro

Urban Growth Statistics

▪ World Population

▪ Urban Dwellers;

▪ MEGACITIES = 7.9 % OF URBANISATION

▪ Large Amount is Rural and Urban Sprawl

▪ Misunderstanding: Urbanization only results in High Rise, dense & new Urban environments.

7 billion (2015) 9.3 billion (2050)

40% increase

3.6 billion (2015) 6.3 billion (2050)

75% increase

Urban Growth Statistics

Urban Growth_ Density

Urban Centers & Population

Masdar City..

Compact Low-rise Development. Maximise Roof surface for solar panels for EV’s; Zero Carbon Cities

Mazar City..

New Concepts of infra and buildings: Solar Bike Road.

CitiesEnergy consumption and GDP Generation

EnergyUse

GDP Generation

Equity: Income Levels

Port Cities

▪ Logistics: 1960 ; min 50K ton wt; Mumbai, Calcutta, Chennai, Madras, Vancouver, Boston, Miami, Portland..Shape and Structure

World Port Ranking (2008)

Shape and Structure

Water Front Development

Reclaimed Lands and Entirely new WaterfrontsShape and Structure

Saudi Arabia, Bahrain; Dubai, UAESaudi Arabia, Bahrain

Negators in Port Cities..

▪ Balancing Economic, social interests, and Environmental needs

Shape and Structure

Population Density

Stockholm, Sweden (3570 ppkm)

Density and Urban Form

Hong Kong, China (6500 ppkm)

Tokyo, Japan (14000 ppkm) Mumbai, India (25000 ppkm)

Indicators of Urban Form

▪ Floor Space Index (FSI): building Intensity

▪ Ground Space Index (GSI): building pressure

Density and Urban Form

GSI

FSI

Urban Form is the spatial pattern of the large, inert, permanent physical objects in a city .

Preferred order or approach to achieve

Sustainable Development

▪ Avoid going to the 4th Step..

Scale of Urban Density and Infrastructure

Preferred order or approach to achieve

Sustainable Development

Scale of Urban Density and Infrastructure

Urban Metabolism

Urban Metabolism and Eco-systems

• Growth• Adaptation• Response to

stimuli• Reproduction• Structural

Organization

Urban MetabolismBasis for Industrial Ecology

Urban Metabolism and Eco-systems

Humans are self aware of their actions and can adjust to their environments..

Urban Metabolism

Urban Metabolism and Eco-systems

Humans are malleable.. conditioned by their social environment, not but the natural environment! Hence the notion of synergy.

Urban Metabolism &Urban Eco-system Services

Urban Metabolism and Eco-systems

ESS concept by Millennium Ecosystem Assessment

Urban Eco-system Services

Urban Metabolism and Eco-systems

Transportation and Urban Growth

Urban Growth and Transportation..

▪ Livability, Accessibility, Travel behavior & Land Use

▪ Land use and Travel Behavious;– Buildings in low densities will stimulate people to travel by car;

– Mixed use encourages cycling and walking;

– High densification stimulates people to travel by metros/Train.

▪ Theory of constant Travel Time budgets (70min/per/day):

Transportation BalanceLand use/Accessibility vs Livability

Urban Growth and Transportation..

Use of Urban Planning and Urban Design

Accessible, Livable and attractive

Thank you for Listening…

http://www.slideshare.net/omkarparishwad/presentations

Masdar City

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NxD3ve1Sr98&list=PLe

WAo3cJvbIEkGRntFA2_JkS8ityY2XVa