View
4
Download
0
Category
Preview:
Citation preview
Center for Sustainable
Transportation Infrastructure
THE VIRGINIASMART ROAD
Gerardo W. FlintschDirector, Center for Sustainable Transportation InfrastructureProfessor, The Via Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering
Center for Sustainable
Transportation Infrastructure Content
1. The Virginia Tech Transportation Institute
2. The Virginia Smart Road
3. Examples of supported research
4. Looking at the Future
2
Advancing Transportation
Through Innovation
Center for Sustainable
Transportation Infrastructure
THE VIRGINIA TECH TRANSPORTATIONINSTITUTE
Advancing Transportation
Through Innovation
Center for Sustainable
Transportation Infrastructure Virginia Tech Facts
32,000 students 4th largest College of Engineering in the U.S. 140 new engineering faculty in the next 10 years
(more than 500 total) Top-10 Civil and Environmental Department
Center for Sustainable
Transportation Infrastructure The Virginia Tech Transportation Institute
Advancing Transportation through Innovation#2 largest
transportation institute in the U.S.
#1 in federal grants and contracts
Research Centers/Initiatives/Groups Sustainable Transportation Infrastructure Infrastructure-based Safety Sustainable Mobility Public Policy, Partnerships, and Outreach Advanced Automotive Research Automated Vehicle Systems Injury Biomechanics Global Center for Automotive Performance Simulation Technology Development Technology Implementation Data Reduction and Analysis Support Truck and Bus Safety Vulnerable Road User Safety Motorcycle Research Group
Advancing Transportation
Through Innovation
Center for Sustainable
Transportation Infrastructure
Center for Sustainable Transportation Infrastructure
Partnership between the Virginia Tech Transportation Institute (VTTI) and the Via Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering (CEE) Transportation Infrastructure and Systems Engineering (TISE) Program
Looking for solutions to our most pressing infrastructure challenges
Advancing Transportation
Through Innovation
Center for Sustainable
Transportation Infrastructure
Center for Sustainable Transportation Infrastructure
CSTI Vision A worldwide leader in transportation infrastructure
research and education – Conduct high-impact research for accelerating the
renewal, increasing safety, reducing life-cycle costs, and enhancing the sustainability and resiliency of our transportation infrastructure
– Provide excellent environment, resources, and instruction for students to learn fundamental concepts, acquire advanced knowledge and skills, and gain practical experience A paradigm of collaboration among governments,
academia, and industryAdvancing
Transportation Through Innovation
Center for Sustainable
Transportation Infrastructure
Center for Sustainable Transportation Infrastructure
Main Research Objectives Design and construct pavements with minimum life cycle
cost Build safe, smooth-riding, silent, and durable pavements Provide more accurate assessment of the infrastructure
structural health Improve investment decisions by providing better asset
data & decision-support tools Foster more sustainable, multi-functional, automated,
and resilient transportation (SMART) materials, systems and programs
Advancing Transportation
Through Innovation
Center for Sustainable
Transportation Infrastructure VTTI Unique Infrastructure
Virginia Smart Road– An active, connected, automated
test bed for ~16 years– Pavement instrumentation– All-weather area
Virginia Connected Corridors – Smart Road Connected-vehicle Test
Bed (Blacksburg, Va.)– Northern Virginia Pilot Deployment
Area Virginia Smart Villages
(planned)– Urban– Rural
Automated Vehicle Systems
Global Center for Automotive Performance Simulation– National Ture Research Center– SoVA Motion– Virtual Design and Integration Lab
Naturalistic Driving Studies– Instrumented Vehicles– Vehicle instrumentation– SHRP 2 NDS
9
Advancing Transportation
Through Innovation
Center for Sustainable
Transportation Infrastructure
The Virginia Smart Road
Advancing Transportation
Through Innovation
Center for Sustainable
Transportation Infrastructure
Center for Sustainable
Transportation Infrastructure
On March 23, 2000, VTTI officially opened the Smart Road in co-sponsorship with VDOT.
To date, approximately 22,000 hours of groundbreaking research have been logged on this 2.2-mile test bed.
.
phot
o by
Mic
hael
Kie
rnan
Center for Sustainable
Transportation Infrastructure The Virginia Smart Road
VTTI
Bridge
Road
Advancing Transportation
Through Innovation
Center for Sustainable
Transportation Infrastructure
Wireless roadside units that provide ubiquitous connected-vehicle communications (including 2 mobile RSEs)
Optical fiber communication system: sensor/data acquisition access every 60 meters
Connected-vehicle-compatible intersection controller model
14 pavement sections, including an open-grade friction course
Differential GPS base station Built-in road features to facilitate
crash avoidance research (e.g., wide clear zones)
.
phot
o by
Mic
hael
Kie
rnan
phot
o by
Log
an W
alla
ce
Center for Sustainable
Transportation Infrastructure Inclement weather
testing (snow, fog, rain)
75 custom towers – Supported by a
500,000-gallon water tank
– ½ mile of roadway
phot
o by
Ric
k G
riffit
hs
Center for Sustainable
Transportation Infrastructure
Variable lighting section– 60 light towers – ~95% of lighting
configurations found on U.S. highways
– Differential spacing– Height adjustable– Intelligent
Transportation Systems (ITS) equipment
– 3 luminaires/poles– Varying intensities
.
Center for Sustainable
Transportation Infrastructure The Smart Road Bridge
Construction began in August 1998, completed in 2001
175 ft tall above Wilson Creek 2000 ft long, 40 ft wide Three 472 ft spans and two 283
ft spans Inset with “Hokie” stone The tallest bridge in Virginia Being instrumented
Center for Sustainable
Transportation Infrastructure
Smart Road Connected-vehicle Test Bed
Center for Sustainable
Transportation Infrastructure Testing Facility FAA Approved for Flight
19
Advancing Transportation
Through Innovation
Center for Sustainable
Transportation Infrastructure Urban Planning
Built EnvironmentEnvironmentalEnergy and WaterTransportationInfrastructure Internet of ThingsSocial and HealthEducationArt and DesignSecurityPublic SafetyPolicy
adapted from:
Virginia Tech Destination Area on Intelligent Infrastructure and Human-
Centered Communities (IIHCC) A world-class groups of faculty that transcend our
disciplinary strengths and lead the world in addressing and solving focused problems in a ‘big area’
Advancing Transportation
Through Innovation
Center for Sustainable
Transportation Infrastructure IIHCC DESTINATION AREA
Areas
Smart Design and Construction
Autonomous vehicle systems
Ubiquitous mobility
Energy
New Facilities Automation Park / Smart Villa Rural Smart Road and
Infrastructure Intelligent Infrastructure
Complex Intelligent Infrastructure Corridor Smart Design and Construction
Complex Etc.
21
Advancing Transportation
Through Innovation
Center for Sustainable
Transportation Infrastructure
Examples of Projects
Pavement instrumentation, modeling and testing
Enhancing vehicle-road interaction
Enhanced vehicle-to-vehicle and vehicle-to-infrastructure technologies
Advancing Transportation
Through Innovation
Center for Sustainable
Transportation Infrastructure Research Areas
Pavements
Bridges
Winter maintenance
Night visibility / lighting
Vehicle instrumentation
Safety
Human factors
Vehicle-infrastructure & vehicle-vehicle communication
Autonomous vehicles
Unmanned aerial systems
...
Center for Sustainable
Transportation Infrastructure
Pavement Response To Truck Loading
Sponsored By:
Virginia Department of Transportation
Virginia Transportation Research Council
020406080
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5
Time (s)
Ver
tical
Com
pres
sive
Stre
ss (p
si)
Center for Sustainable
Transportation Infrastructure
Section A
Section B
Section C
Section D
Section E
Section F
Section G
Section H
Section I
Section J
Section K
Section L
SM-12.5D SM-9.5D SM-9.5E SM-9.5A SM-9.5D SM-9.5D SM-9.5D SM-9.5D SM-9.5A SM-9.5D OGFC SM-9.5D SMA-12.5
Base Base Base Base Base Base Base BM-25.0 BM-25.0 BM-25.0 BM-25.0 Base Base BM-25.0 BM-25.0 BM-25.0 Base Base Base (150mm) (150mm) (150mm) (150mm) BM-25.0 BM-25.0 (100mm) (100mm) (100mm) BM-25.0 BM-25.0 BM-25.0
(s25mm) (150mm) SM-9.5A SM-9.5A SM-9.5A (s25mm) (s25mm) (150mm)(50mm) (50mm) (50mm)
OGDL OGDL OGDL OGDL OGDL OGDL OGDL(75mm) (75mm) (75mm) (75mm) 21-A 21-A (75mm) (75mm) (75mm)
(CTA) (CTA)(150mm) (150mm) OGDL OGDL
21-A 21-A 21-A 21-A 21-A 21-A 21-A (75mm) (75mm) 21-A(CTA) (CTA) (CTA) (CTA) (CTA) (CTA) (CTA) (CTA)
(150mm) (150mm) (150mm) (150mm) (150mm) (150mm) (150mm) (150mm)21-B 21-B 21-B 21-B
Subbase Subbase Subbase Subbase Subbase Subbase Subbase Subbase21-B Sub (150mm) (150mm) 21-B Sub 21-B Sub (150mm) (150mm) 21-B Sub
21-B 21-B 21-B 21-B (75mm) (75mm) (75mm) (75mm)Subbase Subbase Subbase Subbase(180mm) (180mm) (180mm) (180mm)
BRIDGE
Evaluation of new pavement design concepts
Center for Sustainable
Transportation Infrastructure
26
Virginia Smart Road
SectionsLoop-A-B-C-D
SectionsE-F-G-H-I-J-K-L
CRCP, JRCP, and bridges
VTTI labs
Center for Sustainable
Transportation Infrastructure Virginia Smart Road
CRCP section
RR BridgeJRCP section
Smart Road Bridge
2
Center for Sustainable
Transportation Infrastructure
Resistivity Probe
Pressure Cell H-Type Strain Gage
ThermocoupleTDR: CS615 & 610
Aggregate Strain Gage
Smart Road Instrumentation
Center for Sustainable
Transportation Infrastructure
Center for Sustainable
Transportation Infrastructure
ME Pavement Design - Stress Measurements
Center for Sustainable
Transportation Infrastructure Strain Measurement
Center for Sustainable
Transportation Infrastructure Material Characterization
Material Sampling– Aggregate– Binder– Un-aged cores– HMA
M-E Testing– Resilient Modulus– IDT Creep – Fatigue– Dynamic Modulus– Uniaxial Creep
Center for Sustainable
Transportation Infrastructure
σ = 28.3e0.0565T
R2 = 0.920
50
100
150
200
0 10 20 30 40Temperature (C)
Ver
tical
Str
ess (
kPa) 8km/h 24km/h
40km/h 72km/h
Fundamental understanding: Effect of Speed on Measured Stresses and Strains Under HMA
No effect? 0
50
100
150
200
10 15 20 25 30 35 40Temperature (°C)
Stra
in ( µ
m/m
)
8km/h 24km/h40km/h 72km/h
Center for Sustainable
Transportation Infrastructure
Example of Findings: Effectiveness of Fine Mix under HMA Base in Flexible Pavements
Incorporation of a fine mix at the bottom of a base HMA layer would increase the fatigue life of flexible pavements (Al-Qadi et al. 2002).
33
Advancing Transportation
Through Innovation
1
10
100
1,000
10,000
100,000
1,000,000
10,000,000
20 25 30 35 40Temperatura (°C)
Rep
etic
ione
s (M
illio
nes)
Sección A
Sección Hx 10
Center for Sustainable
Transportation Infrastructure Enhancing Vehicle-Road Interaction
Pavement Surface Properties Consortium
FHWA: Splash and Spray development program
FHWA: Pavement Friction Management Program
NCHRP 15-55: Guidance to Predict and Mitigate Dynamic Hydroplaning on Roadways
NCHRP 10-98: Protocols for Network-Level Macrotexture Measurement
NSF: Estimating Tire-Road Friction from Probe Vehicles & Smart Tires
34
Advancing Transportation
Through Innovation
Center for Sustainable
Transportation Infrastructure
SURFACE PROPERTIES CONSORTIUMA Research Program at the Virginia Smart Road
Objective: enhancing the level of service and safety provided by the roadway transportation system through optimized pavement surface texture characteristics
Center for Sustainable
Transportation Infrastructure
Pavement Surface Properties Consortium Main Projects
Organize annual equipment “rodeos”– Calibration & Certification
Seasonal monitoring Evaluation of new survey technologies Evaluation of pavement technologies
(high-friction systems) International Friction Index Implementation Continuous Friction Measurements
Technology Deployment Development of new technologies
Center for Sustainable
Transportation Infrastructure
Splash–Spray Assessment Tool Development Program FHWA DTFH61-08-R-00029
1. Splash and Spray Assessment Tool Development Program Final Report
2. TechBrief: Assessing Pavement Surface Splash and Spray Impact on Road Users, FHWA-HRT-15-062 www.fhwa.dot.gov/pavement/pub_details.cfm?id=964
3. Splash and Spray Assessment Tool
0.000
0.005
0.010
0.015
0.020
0.025
0.030
2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 14.0 16.0 18.0
Spra
y D
ensi
ty
Center for Sustainable
Transportation Infrastructure
Exam
ple
0.000
0.005
0.010
0.015
0.020
0.025
0.030
2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 14.0 16.0 18.0
Spra
y D
ensi
ty
Center for Sustainable
Transportation Infrastructure
Development and Demonstration of Pavement Friction Management Programs
Objective: Determine criteria and develop methods, for establishing
investigatory (desirable) levels for friction and macro-texturefor different friction demand categories or classes of highway facilities for at least four states.
Assist at least four states in developing PFM Programs. Demonstrate state-of-the-art friction (and macro-texture)
|measurement equipment. WA, FL, IN, TX
Center for Sustainable
Transportation Infrastructure
Center for Sustainable
Transportation Infrastructure
The Acceptance Testing and Demonstration of the Continuous Friction Measurement Equipment (CFME)(cont.)
Advancing Transportation
Through Innovation
Safety Performance Functions
SPFi =
Empirical Bayes Estimation
Intervention
Allow to estimate B/CBenefits due to crash reduction
Costs of the intervention
Center for Sustainable
Transportation Infrastructure
NCHRP 15-55: Guidance to Predict and Mitigate Dynamic Hydroplaning on RoadwaysObjective: To develop a comprehensive hydroplaning risk assessment tool that can be used by transportation agencies to help reduce the potential of hydroplaning.
– Treating hydroplaning as a multidisciplinary and multi-scale problem– Solutions for areas with a high potential of hydroplaning based on a
fundamental and meaningful understanding of the problem. Final Product: Guidance and tools to predict
and mitigate hydroplaning on roadways– Applicable to all types of roadways– Site-specific factors such as geometric design, etc.– Appropriate for new construction, reconstruction, and
maintenance/ retrofit projects.Advancing
Transportation Through Innovation
Center for Sustainable
Transportation Infrastructure
NCHRP 15-55: Guidance to Predict and Mitigate Dynamic Hydroplaning on Roadways (cont.)
Advancing Transportation
Through Innovation
Two-way coupledVT simulation
Center for Sustainable
Transportation Infrastructure
Estimating Tire-Road Friction from Probe Vehicles & Smart Tires
Objective: to fuse (smart) tire and vehicle response measures to develop models and algorithms that will evaluate tire-road friction levels. – Develop and implement a theory to describe
the tire/road contact mechanics processes and the resulting friction properties
– Conduct experimental testing to support the development and validation of the proposed model in the laboratory and on the trackCenter for
Sustainable Transportation Infrastructure
Center for Sustainable
Transportation Infrastructure
Probe Vehicles for Road Infrastructure Health Monitoring
Objective: To use data collected from probe vehicles to extract information that could be used to remotely and continuously determineroad infrastructure health
Center for Sustainable
Transportation Infrastructure Smart Vehicles - Connectivity
Advancing Transportation
Through Innovation
Connected Vehicles
Autonomous Vehicle
Highly Dependent On Infrastructure Health
Vehicle to Infrastructure - V2I
Center for Sustainable
Transportation Infrastructure
Testing of Smart Vehicles & Safety Technologies
–––
Autonomous carsAdvancing Transportation
Through Innovation
LogosL My Car Does what.org
Challenge Opportunity
Center for Sustainable
Transportation Infrastructure
Design & Test Deploy & Evaluate
Virginia Connected Corredors Deployment Process
Center for Sustainable
Transportation Infrastructure Connected Vehicles
Facilitate communications between vehicles (V2V); infrastructure (V2I); and devices (V2X), including smartphones
Using a combination of dedicated short-range communications (DSRC) and cellular technology, connected-vehicle technology has the potential to increase mobility, mitigate negative environmental impacts and enhance safety
Estimated by NHTSA to help eliminate approximately 70% of crashes involving alert drivers
Considered by most to be a stepping stone to creating robust and reliable automated vehicles
Center for Sustainable
Transportation Infrastructure
Video is property of VTTI; may not be disseminated or replicated
Center for Sustainable
Transportation Infrastructure
Smart Road UAS Test Range
FAA-designated test range Mid-Atlantic Aviation Partnership Vehicle Research Surveillance Features
– Geotechnical hazards– Bridges– Rail– Pavement– Lighting– Quarry
Center for Sustainable
Transportation Infrastructure Primary Applications
Transport– Goods, Weapons, Materials (e.g.,
pesticides) Deterrents
– e.g., clearing wildlife from runways) Aerial platforms
– Remote sensing, System host (e.g., cellular communication nodes)
…
Center for Sustainable
Transportation Infrastructure
Looking at the Future
Smart VehiclesSmart Infrastructure Smart Cities
Advancing Transportation
Through Innovation
Science Digest, April 1958
Center for Sustainable
Transportation Infrastructure
Smart Infrastructure – Smart Cities
Advancing Transportation
Through Innovation
Center for Sustainable
Transportation Infrastructure
Virginia Automation Park / Surface Street Expansion: VDOT, VTTI, VT
Full range of roadways/ driving environments (highway, two-lane, multi-lane flat, off-road)Residential/suburban layout using “portable” reconfigurable buildings and other elementsRoundabout/ stop-controlled intersectionsAutomation-compatible pavement markingsConnectivity to the Smart Road
Center for Sustainable
Transportation Infrastructure
Rural Roadway Expansion Envisioned to cover ~103 acres Rural testing capabilities:
– Hilly and flat winding roads– Small bridges and narrow sections– Off-road testing– Rural intersections– Roadways will be built to older standards
Advanced construction projects :– Experimental composite bridges – Advanced construction techniques
Center for Sustainable
Transportation Infrastructure
Concluding Remarks
Advancing Transportation
Through Innovation
Center for Sustainable
Transportation Infrastructure
Concluding Remarks
The Virginia Smart Road facility:
Was constructed with state-of-the-art research infrastructure integrated at the time of construction
It has supported multidisciplinary research in a variety of areas
→ has helped save lives, money, and time.
Has been an engine of economic development
58
Advancing Transportation
Through Innovation
Center for Sustainable
Transportation Infrastructure
Concluding Remarks (cont.)
The Virginia Smart Road facility:
Has continually expanded, incorporating new technologies and testing tracks
→ Is helping invent the future of transportation
59
Advancing Transportation
Through Innovation
Center for Sustainable
Transportation Infrastructure
The Virginia Smart Road
flintsch@vt.edu
Recommended