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The Basics of The Basics of OncologyOncology
Roswell Park Cancer InstituteRoswell Park Cancer Institute
Grades 9-12Grades 9-12
Roswell Park at a Roswell Park at a GlanceGlance Founded in 1898 by Dr. Roswell Founded in 1898 by Dr. Roswell
ParkPark First and one of the largest First and one of the largest
cancer research, treatment & cancer research, treatment & education centerseducation centers
Founded PDT, Gamma Knife, PSA Founded PDT, Gamma Knife, PSA TestTest
Roswell Park’s MissionRoswell Park’s Mission
Dedicated to providing total care Dedicated to providing total care to cancer patientto cancer patient
Conduct research into causes of Conduct research into causes of cancercancer
Treatment & prevention of cancerTreatment & prevention of cancer Educate public & those who study Educate public & those who study
and treat cancerand treat cancer
The Basics of OncologyThe Basics of Oncology
What is Cancer?What is Cancer?
Cancer begins when cells in a part Cancer begins when cells in a part of the body start to grow out of of the body start to grow out of controlcontrol
Cancer is the second leading cause Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United Statesof death in the United States
Today, millions of people are living Today, millions of people are living with cancer or have had cancerwith cancer or have had cancer
The Basics of OncologyThe Basics of Oncology
How does Cancer How does Cancer occur?occur?
Cancer starts with changes in one cell Cancer starts with changes in one cell or a small group of cellsor a small group of cells
Cancer cells begin to reproduce Cancer cells begin to reproduce uncontrollablyuncontrollably
Cancer is also hereditaryCancer is also hereditary Old AgeOld Age LifestyleLifestyle Genetics – BRCA “Breast & Ovarian Genetics – BRCA “Breast & Ovarian
Cancer” APC “Colon Cancer”Cancer” APC “Colon Cancer”
Different Types of Different Types of CancerCancer
Lung Lung BreastBreast Head & NeckHead & Neck ColonColon ProstateProstate SkinSkin StomachStomach BoneBone
LeukemiaLeukemia Hodgkin Hodgkin
LymphomaLymphoma Brain TumorBrain Tumor
Why does Cancer make Why does Cancer make a person sick?a person sick?
Cancer is an aggressive disease Cancer is an aggressive disease that can cause a person to be that can cause a person to be extremely tired and nauseous extremely tired and nauseous from aggressive treatments, and from aggressive treatments, and can cause depression in some can cause depression in some people.people.
Cancer ScreeningCancer Screening
Screening is when tests and Screening is when tests and exams are used to find this type exams are used to find this type of disease in people who are not of disease in people who are not showing any signs of symptomsshowing any signs of symptoms
It can also helps doctors find and It can also helps doctors find and treat cancers earlytreat cancers early
Types of Cancer Types of Cancer ScreeningScreening
MammographyMammography Skin ChecksSkin Checks PET ScansPET Scans Chest X-RaysChest X-Rays Biopsies of unusual lumps or Biopsies of unusual lumps or
bumps bumps
Treatments of CancerTreatments of Cancer
Based on how far the cancer has Based on how far the cancer has progressed & its location in the progressed & its location in the body it responds differently to body it responds differently to treatment. A cancer specialist treatment. A cancer specialist called an called an OncologistOncologist will provide will provide the patient with the best treatment the patient with the best treatment plan based on the form of cancer plan based on the form of cancer and how aggressive the cancer may and how aggressive the cancer may be.be.
Standard Treatments Standard Treatments for Cancerfor Cancer
SurgerySurgery– Done to remove tumors or cancerous Done to remove tumors or cancerous
tissuestissues ChemotherapyChemotherapy
– A pill or IV given to eliminate the cancer A pill or IV given to eliminate the cancer cells. However, this affects a patient’s cells. However, this affects a patient’s entire body and can make a patient have entire body and can make a patient have hair loss or an upset stomachhair loss or an upset stomach
– Many Cancers can be controlled by Many Cancers can be controlled by ChemotherapyChemotherapy
Standard Treatments Standard Treatments for Cancerfor Cancer
Radiation TherapyRadiation Therapy– Certain types of energy used to Certain types of energy used to
shrink tumors or eliminate cancer shrink tumors or eliminate cancer cells. It damages cancer’s DNA cells. It damages cancer’s DNA making it unable to multiply.making it unable to multiply.
The Basics of CancerThe Basics of Cancer
Cancer SurvivorsCancer Survivors
In the 1970’s, 1 out of 2 people In the 1970’s, 1 out of 2 people (50%) diagnosed with Cancer (50%) diagnosed with Cancer survived at least 5 yearssurvived at least 5 years
Today, more than 2 out of 3 Today, more than 2 out of 3 (67%) of people survive and are (67%) of people survive and are living with Cancerliving with Cancer
Currently there are more than 11 Currently there are more than 11 Million Cancer Survivors in the USMillion Cancer Survivors in the US
YroswellYroswellFor a World Without For a World Without
CancerCancer Started in 2007 Started in 2007
to help young to help young people aged 12-people aged 12-26 understand 26 understand cancercancer
Learning, Giving Learning, Giving and Copingand Coping
www.Yroswell.cowww.Yroswell.comm
Check out Check out Yroswell’s Yroswell’s Facebook and Facebook and Twitter pagesTwitter pages
The EndThe End
Roswell Park Cancer InstituteRoswell Park Cancer Institute
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