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Distinguishing characteristicsDistinguishing characteristics
•• Paraxonic limb Paraxonic limb structurestructure
Distinguishing characteristicsDistinguishing characteristics
•• Two main types of Two main types of foot structure: a foot structure: a cloven hoof (2 cloven hoof (2 toes) and a toes) and a spreading foot with spreading foot with 4 toes.4 toes.
Distinguishing characteristicsDistinguishing characteristics
•• In all cases, the 3In all cases, the 3rdrd and 4and 4thth digits are well digits are well developed, while the 2developed, while the 2ndnd and 5and 5thth are are reduced, vestigial, or absent.reduced, vestigial, or absent.
•• Teeth are variable, but the upper incisors Teeth are variable, but the upper incisors are always reduced or absent.are always reduced or absent.
•• Canines usually small or absent (greatly Canines usually small or absent (greatly enlarged in a few forms).enlarged in a few forms).
Distinguishing characteristicsDistinguishing characteristics
•• Two main types of molars: brachyodont Two main types of molars: brachyodont (pigs, peccaries, and hippos) and (pigs, peccaries, and hippos) and hypsodont (camels and some ruminants).hypsodont (camels and some ruminants).
•• Postorbital bar present in all species.Postorbital bar present in all species.
ClassificationClassification
•• Suborder SuiformesSuborder Suiformes
Family Suidae (swine)Family Suidae (swine)
Family Tayassuidae (peccaries)Family Tayassuidae (peccaries)
Family Hippopotamidae (hippos)Family Hippopotamidae (hippos)
Hippopotamus Hippopotamus Hippopotamus amphibeusHippopotamus amphibeus
Family Family HippopotamidaeHippopotamidae
ClassificationClassification•• Suborder TylopodaSuborder Tylopoda
Family Camelidae (camels, llamas, Family Camelidae (camels, llamas, vicuvicuññas)as)
Arabian camel (Dromedary) Arabian camel (Dromedary) Camelus dromedariusCamelus dromedarius
Family CamelidaeFamily Camelidae
ClassificationClassification•• Suborder RuminantiaSuborder Ruminantia
Family Tragulidae (chevrotains)Family Tragulidae (chevrotains)
Family Moschidae (musk deer)Family Moschidae (musk deer)
Family Giraffidae (giraffe, okapi)Family Giraffidae (giraffe, okapi)
Family Cervidae (deer)Family Cervidae (deer)
Family Antilocapridae (pronghorn)Family Antilocapridae (pronghorn)
Family Bovidae (antelope, cattle, sheep, Family Bovidae (antelope, cattle, sheep, goats)goats)
Indian spotted chevrotain Indian spotted chevrotain (mouse deer) (mouse deer)
Tragulus meminnaTragulus meminnaFamily Family TragulidaeTragulidae
Indian muntjac (barking deer) Indian muntjac (barking deer) Muntiacus muntjakMuntiacus muntjak
Family CervidaeFamily Cervidae
Caribou (reindeer) Caribou (reindeer) Rangifer tarandusRangifer tarandus
Family CervidaeFamily CervidaeFemale caribou are the only North American female cervids to normally have antlers.
Elk (wapiti or red deer) Elk (wapiti or red deer) Cervus elaphasCervus elaphasFamily CervidaeFamily Cervidae
Chinese water deer Chinese water deer Hydropotes inermisHydropotes inermis
Family CervidaeFamily Cervidae
WhiteWhite--tailed deer tailed deer Odocoileus virginianusOdocoileus virginianus
Family CervidaeFamily Cervidae
Moose Moose Alces alcesAlces alces
Family CervidaeFamily Cervidae
Moose are called elk in Moose are called elk in Europe.Europe.
PronghornPronghornAntilocapra americanaAntilocapra americanaFamily AntilocapridaeFamily Antilocapridae
Bucks have a black cheek patch, does don’t.
Bighorn and thinhorn sheepBighorn and thinhorn sheep
Bighorn sheep
Thinhorn sheep•Bighorn sheep
•Desert bighorn sheep
•Dall sheep
•Stone sheep
•Barbary sheep
•Blue sheep
Bighorn sheepBighorn sheepOvis canadensis canadensisOvis canadensis canadensis
Family BovidaeFamily Bovidae
Desert bighorn sheep Desert bighorn sheep Ovis canadensis nelsoniOvis canadensis nelsoni
Family BovidaeFamily Bovidae
Barbary sheep (aoudad)Barbary sheep (aoudad)Ammotragus lerviaAmmotragus lervia
Family BovidaeFamily Bovidae
FourFour--horned antelope horned antelope Tetracerus quadricornisTetracerus quadricornis
Family BovidaeFamily Bovidae
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