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The Amazing BrainQuiz
• What is the difference in brain mass b/t a 500 pound Gorilla and 150 human?
• Human 3lbs. Gorilla 1.5lbs.• We only use 20% of our brains?• False• How many watts of electricity does our
brain use?• 5 watts• Why do some people get headaches if
they don’t eat?• Your brain needs glucose.
Forebrain MidBrain HindBrain
Cross section of brain
Hindbrain
• Medulla Oblongata – Blood Circulation, Breathing, Reflexes (Sneezing, Coughing, Salivating, Vomit and Bathroom)
• Cerebellum – Little Brain – Coordination of Movement.
• Pons – Sleep and arousal
MidBrain
• Reticular Formation (RAS)• Sleep, arousal and dreams
Forebrain
• Thalamus – All sensory info (except smell) The relay station
• Hypothalamus – Autonomic Nervous system, (4 F’s) Fighting, Fleeing, Feeding, and Reproduction - Hunger and Temperature.
• Corpus Callosum - Bridge between the Hemispheres
• Limbic System (Edge) Border between cerebral cortex and deeper areas.
Limbic System (Emotion and Memory)
• Hippocampus – Helps form new memories– Ex. Case Study HM
• Amygdala 2:05 – fear and anger– Ex. Rhesus Monkey– Ex. Sociopath
The Cerebral Cortex
Hemispheres
•Each Cerebral hemisphere controls the opposite side•Examples: Writing name.•Plasticity of the Brain? •Phantom limbs?
Lobes of the Brain
• The Cerebrum is divided into four lobes•Parietal Lobe: Contain the primary somatosensory cortex (responsible for sensation)•Ex. Phantom Limb syndrome • Also some visual functions•Visual neglect
Occipital Lobe
•Contains the primary visual cortex, responsible for vision.
–Active when visualizing as well as seeing–“Seeing Stars Phenomenon”
•Example: Blindsight
Temporal Lobe
• Contains primary auditory cortex, responsible for hearing
–“Song stuck in my head phenomenon”
•Also responsible for speech and language (left hemisphere only)•Wernicke’s area: language comprehension•Broca’s area: language production•Aphasia: Damage to language centers
Frontal Lobe
• Primary motor cortex, responsible for motion•Prefrontal Cortex, responsible for:
–Working memory–Planning–Relational reasoning–Impulse control (Art)
•Case Study Phineas Gage (1848)
Case Study Phineas Gage (1848)
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