The Amazing BrainQuiz

• What is the difference in brain mass b/t a 500 pound Gorilla and 150 human?

• Human 3lbs. Gorilla 1.5lbs.• We only use 20% of our brains?• False• How many watts of electricity does our

brain use?• 5 watts• Why do some people get headaches if

they don’t eat?• Your brain needs glucose.

Forebrain MidBrain HindBrain

Cross section of brain

Hindbrain

• Medulla Oblongata – Blood Circulation, Breathing, Reflexes (Sneezing, Coughing, Salivating, Vomit and Bathroom)

• Cerebellum – Little Brain – Coordination of Movement.

• Pons – Sleep and arousal

MidBrain

• Reticular Formation (RAS)• Sleep, arousal and dreams

Forebrain

• Thalamus – All sensory info (except smell) The relay station

• Hypothalamus – Autonomic Nervous system, (4 F’s) Fighting, Fleeing, Feeding, and Reproduction - Hunger and Temperature.

• Corpus Callosum - Bridge between the Hemispheres

• Limbic System (Edge) Border between cerebral cortex and deeper areas.

Limbic System (Emotion and Memory)

• Hippocampus – Helps form new memories– Ex. Case Study HM

• Amygdala 2:05 – fear and anger– Ex. Rhesus Monkey– Ex. Sociopath

The Cerebral Cortex

Hemispheres

•Each Cerebral hemisphere controls the opposite side•Examples: Writing name.•Plasticity of the Brain? •Phantom limbs?

Lobes of the Brain

• The Cerebrum is divided into four lobes•Parietal Lobe: Contain the primary somatosensory cortex (responsible for sensation)•Ex. Phantom Limb syndrome • Also some visual functions•Visual neglect

Occipital Lobe

•Contains the primary visual cortex, responsible for vision.

–Active when visualizing as well as seeing–“Seeing Stars Phenomenon”

•Example: Blindsight

Temporal Lobe

• Contains primary auditory cortex, responsible for hearing

–“Song stuck in my head phenomenon”

•Also responsible for speech and language (left hemisphere only)•Wernicke’s area: language comprehension•Broca’s area: language production•Aphasia: Damage to language centers

Frontal Lobe

• Primary motor cortex, responsible for motion•Prefrontal Cortex, responsible for:

–Working memory–Planning–Relational reasoning–Impulse control (Art)

•Case Study Phineas Gage (1848)

Case Study Phineas Gage (1848)