Pulse March2011

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March2011Issue…

1 VacuumCircuitBreaker ModelinPSCAD®/EMTDC™

4 SinglePhaseAuto-reclosingand SecondaryArcConsiderations

7 KineticTurbinePowerConverter

10 2010PSCAD®UserGroupMeeting

11 NewandImprovedPSCAD®Forum

12 PSCAD®2011TrainingSessionsMarch 2011

ThisapplicationnotepresentsaVacuumCircuitBreaker(VCB)modelanditsimplementationinPSCAD®/EMTDC™.Thismodelinvestigatestheabilityofthebreakeroncurrentchoppingbeforecurrentzero,itsdielectricwithstandforTRV(TransientRecoveryVoltage)andhighfrequencycurrentquenchingforre-ignitionacrossthebreakercontacts.

TheVCBismodelledbytheuseofthestandardPSCAD®singlephasebreakermodelwithitsabilitytochangeelectricalswitchingstatusbycontrollingthebreakerparameterBRK.

Tosimulatecurrentchoppingandre-ignition,asimplesinglephasetestcircuitisestablished.ThecircuitisrepresentingasinglephasetransformerwhichisswitchedoffbytheVCB.

Acircuitbreaker’sbreakingsequenceisactivatedbyopeningthebreakermechanically.Thisisaccomplishedbyanimpulsetrainthatfreezesattheinstantofthemechanicalopeningofthebreaker.Thisisthestartingpointforseparationofthecontacts.AgenerallyacceptedapproximationforcontactseparationinVCBsisconstantspeedduringthefirstmillimetreofseparation.

Anarcisdevelopedbetweenthecontactsandthecurrentcontinuestoflowuntilthepre-setchoppinglevelisreached.Thispre-setlevelishighlydependentofthecontactmaterialintheVCB.Whenthechop-pingtakesplace,BRKchangesstatusfromclosedtoopenandthecurrentisforcedtozero.Theenergypreloadedintheinductancesurroundingthebreakeristransferredtocapacitanceinthecircuit.

TheresponsefromthecircuitisaTRVthatincreasesbetweenthecontacts.Ifthemechanicalopeningtimetopenisclosetotchop,thecontactseparationwillbeonlyslightatthechoppinginstant.Hence,thevoltagewithstandwhichhasbeenbuiltupbetweenthecontactsisnothighenoughtoensurecurrentinterruption.WhentheTRVreachesthevoltagewithstandcharacteristics,are-ignitionoccursbetweentheVCBcontacts.

Whenthehighfrequencycurrentisclosetozero,theVCBhastheabilitytobreakthecurrent.Theslopeatcurrentzeroismeasuredandcomparedtothecurrentquenchingcapabilitythathasbeendevelopedbetweenthecontacts.Ifthecurrentslopeislessthantheseparticularcharacteristics,thecurrentisquenched.TheresultingTRVisveryfastrisingandreachestheelectricalwithstandcharacteristicsquickly.Asaresult,anewre-ignitiontakesplacebetweenthecontactsandahighfrequencycurrentstartstoflow.ThissequenceisrepeateduntiltheTRVdoesnotreachtheelectricalwithstandcharacteristics.

VacuumCircuitBreakerModelinPSCAD®/EMTDC™

Olof Karlén, Karlén Engineering

Figure1 ThetestcircuitfortheVCBinPSCAD®

2   P U L S E   T H E M A N I T O B A H V D C R E S E A R C H C E N T R E J O U R N A L

DielectricandQuenchingCapabilityCalculationThewithstandvoltageisafunctionofthecontactdistance.Itcanbeconsideredtobelinearlydependentforthefirstmillimetreofthecontactseparation.Thatimpliesthatthiscapabilityisalsoafunctionofthespeedatcontactopening.Thedielectricwithstandcapabilityforonecircuitbreakermayvarywithanor-maldistributionandaparticularstandarddeviation.

Afterre-ignition,ahighfrequencycurrentflowsthroughthecircuitbreaker.Theresultingarccanbeextinguishedwhentheslopeofthecurrentislowerthanthesocalledcriticalcurrentslope,aparameterthatishardtodetermine.Inthismodel,thequenchingcapabilitydielectricstrengthasmeasuredbyGlinkowskietal[1]isused.

Thestatisticalmeanvaluesareusedinthiscircuitbreakermodel.Thetestedcircuitbreakerstestdataaregroupedintothreelevels:High,medium,andlowdielectricandquenchingability.

Basedontheconstants,themeanvaluesofthedielectriccharacteristicandquenchingcriticalslopecanbecalculatedby:

ThewithstandvoltageUbandthecriticalslopeofthearcquenchingcapabilitydi/dtarecalculatedinthissectionusing:Aa=1.7e7,Bb=3.4e3,Cc=-3.4e11,andDd=255e6.Ifthecircuitbreakerstatisticaldistributionistobestudied,detailsonthismatterareexplainedin[2].

TheVacuumBreakerProbabilityofReignitingTheVCBhasaprobabilityofreignitingwhencertainoperatingandcircuitparametersaremet[3].Theparametersare:Theinterruptedcurrentislessthan500to600A,thebreakercontactsmustpart0.5msto1msbeforecurrentzerowithaspeedof1m/s,andtheTRVmustrisefasterthanthebreakdownstrengthofthevacuumgap.

ConditionsforOpeningoftheSwitchandthePSCAD®Implementation Theconditionsforopen-ingtheswitchaccordingtoGlinkowskietal[1]are:•Theinstantofopeningshouldbegreaterthan apre-setvalueoftopen.•Theswitchisclosed.•Theactualcurrentislessthanthechoppingcurrent.•Thederivativeofthehighfrequencycurrent atcurrentzeroisnothigherthanthecalculated quenchingcapability.

Forcreatingtheseconditions,anumberofdifferentparametershadtobecalculatedinPSCAD®.ThemodelsintheCSMFpartoftheMasterLibrarycanbeusedforsuchcalculations.Somerepresentativecalculationblocksareshowninthefiguresbelow.

Figure2 Thetopenparameteristheinstantwhenthecircuitbreakermechanicalopeningtakesplace.Thepulsetrainisfrozenatt= topen.MechanicalopeningisinitiatedbytheMechanicalstatusswitch.

Ub / di / dt Aa[V/s] Bb[V] Cc [A/s2] Dd[A/s]

High 1.7E7 3.40E3 -3.40E11 255.0E6

Medium 1.30E7 0.69E3 0.32E12 155.0E6

Low 0.47E6 0.69E3 1.00E12 190.0E6

M A R C H 2 0 1 1 3

TypicalSimulationResultsThenumberofrepeatedreignitionsdependsonmanyfactors;themostimportantisarcingtime(i.e.thevoltagewithstandwhichhasbuiltupbetweenthecontactswhentheUtrvstartstooscillate).Italsodependsonthechoppinglevel(i.e.theenergythatistransferredfromtheinductancetothecapacitiveelementsandthebreakercharacteristics).

Formoredetailsaswellasforamorecompletereport,contacttheManitobaHVDCResearchCentreortheauthordirectlyatolof@karlenengineering.se

References

[1]MietekT.Glinkowski,MoisesR.Guiterrez,DieterBraun,

“VoltageEscalationandReignitionBehaviourofVacuum

GeneratorCircuitBreakerDuringLoadShedding.”

[2]PopovMarjan,PhD“ThesisSwitchingThree-PhaseDistribution

TransformerswithaVacuumCircuitBreaker”ISBN90-9016124-4.

[3]SladeG.P.“VacuumInterrupters:TheNewTechnologyfor

SwitchingandProtectingDistributionCircuits”

IEEETrans.OnPowerDelivery,Vol8,No4.

Figure3 Thetchopistheinstantofcurrentchopping.Thepulsetrainisfrozenatt= tchop.

Figure6 Typicalsimulationresults.Figure4 Thecurrentslopeibdiscomparedwiththecurrentquenchingcapabilitydi/dt.Whenthecurrentslopeislessthanthequenchingcapability,parameterctrl_ibd_slope=1else0.

Figure5 TheconditionsforopeningandclosingofthebreakerarerunthroughMonostableMultivibratorsandastandardSetandResetlatchingcircuit.TheBRKstatusparameterisnowreflectingtheelectricalstatusofthevacuumbreaker.

The Vacuum Circuit Breaker is an important circuit component in the medium voltage system due to its low maintenance cost and low environmental impact.

4   P U L S E   T H E M A N I T O B A H V D C R E S E A R C H C E N T R E J O U R N A L

SinglePhasetoGround(SLG)isthemostcommonfaultinpowertransmissionsystems.Singlephaseautoreclosingisusedtoimprovesystemstability,powertransfer,reliability,andavailabilityofatransmissionlineduringasinglephasetogroundfault[1].

Soonafterthefault,thetwolineendbreakerswillopen(faultedphaseonlyinthiscase)toisolatethefault.However,theotherline(un-faultedphases)arestillenergized.Thereisinductiveandcapacitivecouplingbetweenthefaultedlineandthehealthyphases,aswellasbetweenotherconductorsofparallelcircuits(i.e.doublecircuitlines).Thiscouplinghastwoeffects[1]:1. Itfeedsandmaintainsthefaultarc.2.Asthearccurrentbecomeszero,thecoupling causesarecoveryvoltageacrossthearcpath. Iftherateofriseofrecoveryvoltageistoogreat, itwillreignitethearc.

Thearconthefaultedphaseafterthetwolineendbreakersopenisthesecondaryarc.Recoveryvoltageisthevoltageacrossthefaultpathaftertheextinctionofthesecondaryfaultarcandbeforere-closureofthecircuitbreakers.

Autore-closingwillbesuccessfulonlyifthesecondaryarchasbeenfullyextinguishedbythetimethebreakersarere-closed.Thedurationofthesecondaryarcdependsonmanyfactors.Themainfactorsare:arccurrent,recoveryvoltage,arclength,aswellasexternalfactors,suchaswind.Whentransmissionlinesarecompensatedwithlineendreactors,thesecondaryarcextinctioncanbeimprovedbyplacingasuitablysizedneutralgroundingreactor(NGR)ontheneutralofthelinereactors[1]-[3].

DAREngineeringhasdesignedanumberofNGR’sforEHVtransmissionlinesintheGulfregion.OncetheNGRparametersaredetermined,detailedelec-tromagnetictransientsimulationsarecarriedoutonPSCAD®/EMTDC™toverifytheinsulationrequirementsoftheNGRandtoestimatethesecondaryarcextinctiontimesunderdifferentsystemoperatingconditions.Suchinformationisessentialtoproperlydesignthesinglephaseautore-closerelaysettings.

TheLineEndandNeutralGroundingReactors(NGR)inEHVTransmissionLines TheNGRisusedtocancelthecapacitivecomponentofthesecond-aryarccurrent[1].Inordertocancelthecapacitivecurrent,theinductiveandcapacitivebranchesmustresonate.Installationofthisreactoriseffectivewhenlinesaretransposed.

Estimation of NGR based on the ‘Shunt Compensation Degree’ TheNGRvaluecanbeestimatedbasedonthefollowingdesignequations(see[2]fordetails):

Where:B1:positivesequencelinesusceptance(Siemens);B0:zerosequencelinesusceptance(Siemens);

:shuntcompensationdegree.

Xr:equivalentreactanceofthelinereactor.Xn:equivalentreactanceoftheNGRNote1:B1andB0areknownfromtransmissionlinecharacteristicsandareoutputsfromthePSCADlineconstantsprogram.

Estimation of NGR based on the Basic Insulation Level (BIL) requirements BILisalsoaconsiderationwhenselectingtheNGR.BecausethehigherneutralBILlevelrequiresspecialdesignandmoreinsulationforthelinereactor,thecostofthelinereactorandneutralreactorincreases.IfthisistheNGRdesigncriteria,theminimumacceptableBILfortheneutralpointcanbecalculatedby[4]:

Where:BIL_N:BasicImpulseInsulationLevelfortheNGR.BIL_Ph:BasicImpulseInsulationLevelofthephase.Fora400kVsystem,theBILoftheneutralpointofthelinereactortypicallyislessthan350kV.

SinglePhaseAuto-reclosingandSecondaryArcConsiderationsJohnson Thomai, Yogesh Khanna, Shahbaz Tufail (DAR Engineering Company)Shan Jiang, Dharshana Muthumuni (Manitoba HVDC Research Centre)

N O V E M B E R 2 0 0 9 5M A R C H 2 0 1 1 5

OncethevalueoftheNGRisdecided(basedoneitherofthetwomethodsabove),detailedsimulations(PSCAD®/EMTDC™)canbecarriedouttodeterminethesecondaryarccharacteristics.

TheSimulationModel Thesecondaryarcextinctiontimeandtherecoveryvoltagesareinfluencedbythefollowingfactors:•Faultlocationsonline•Numberofreactors(andNGR)inservice•‘Initial’arclength•Transmissionlinecharacteristicsandtransposing

Arc Model ThearcmodelusedinthisPSCAD®/EMTDC™studyisbasedonthemodelproposedin[5].Thefollowingparametersthatinfluencethearcextinctiontimeareinputstothismathematicalmodel.•Initialarclength(Larc)•Magnitudeoftheprimaryarc(Ip)•Magnitudeofthesecondaryarc(Is)

Initial Arc Length (Larc) Theinitialarclengthinfluencesthesecondaryarcextinctiontime.Astimeprogresses,thearcelongatesfromthisinitiallengthuntilitisfinallyextinguished.Sincetheexactvalueoftheinitialarclengthisnotapreciselyknownquantity,simulationsmayhavetobecarriedoutfordifferentpracticalvalues(i.e.2m,4mand6m)beforereachingconclusionsonrelaysettings.

Magnitude of the Primary Arc (Ip) Thisisthemagnitudeofthefundamentalcomponentofthesinglelinetogroundfaultcurrentataspecificfaultlocation.ThisvaluecanbecalculatedfromfaultstudiesorthroughaPSCAD®simulationitself.TocalculatethisvaluefromthePSCAD®circuit,thefaultisassumedtobesolidwithzeroarcresistance.

Magnitude of the Secondary Arc (Is) Thisisthemagnitudeofthefundamentalcomponentofthesinglelinetogroundfaultcurrentataspecificfaultlocationafteropeningthetwolineendbreakers.ThisvaluecanbecalculatedfromfaultstudiesorthroughaPSCAD®simulationitself.TocalculatethisvaluefromthePSCAD®circuit,thefaultisassumedtobesolidwithzeroarcresistance.Oncethetwobreakersareopen,thephasecouplingsustainsthefaultcurrent.

Figure1 PSCAD®arcmodel

Figure2 PSCAD®circuitofatransposedlinewiththearcmodelconnectedtooneofthephases.

J U N E 2 0 0 8 66   P U L S E   T H E M A N I T O B A H V D C R E S E A R C H C E N T R E J O U R N A L

SimulationResults Theextinctiontimeandtherecoveryvoltageundervarioussystemoperatingconditionsforfaultsona400kV/350km(approxi-mately)doublecircuitlinearepresentedinthissectiontoillustratetypicalresultsthatcanbeexpected.

References

[1]E.W.Kimbark,“SuppressionofGround-FaultArcsonSingle-Pole

SwitchedEHVLinesbyShuntReactors,”IEEETransactionsonPower

ApparatusandSystems,volPAS-83,pp.285-290,March/April1964.

[2]E.W.Kimbark,“Selective-PoleSwitchingofLongDouble-Circuit

EHVLines,”IEEETransactionsonPowerApparatusandSystems,

volPAS-95,pp.1,January/February,1976.

[3]IEEECommitteereport,“SinglePhaseTrippingandAuto-Reclosing

onTransmissionLines,”IEEETransactionsonPowerDelivery,vol7,

pp182-192,Jan,1992.

[4]M.R.D.Zadeh,MajidSanaye-Pasand,AliKadivar,“Investigation

ofNeutralReactorPerformanceinReducingSecondaryArcCurrent,k”

IEEETransactionsonPowerDelivery,vol.23,no.4,Oct2008.

[5]“ImprovedTechniquesforModellingFaultArcsonFaultedEHV

TransmissionSystems,”A.T.Johnset.el.IEEProceedings,Generation,

Transmissionand,Distribution,Vol.141,No.2,March1994.

Figure4 Typicalrecoveryvoltage(top)andsecondaryarccurrent(bottom)withthelinereactorandtheNGRinservice.

Figure5 Typicalrecoveryvoltage(top)andsecondaryarccurrent(bottom)withoutthelinereactorandNGR

Table1 Arcextinctiontimeandrecoveryvoltageatdifferentfaultlocationsunderdifferentassumedinitialarclengthvalues.

Figure3 Systemoperatingwithallreactorsatthelineendsubstations.

Faultoccurs Breakersopen Arcextinguishes

RecoveryVoltage

Firstpeakoftherecoveryvoltage

Faultoccurs Breakersopen Arcextinguishes

RecoveryVoltage

Firstpeakoftherecoveryvoltage

FaultLocation BusA Mid-point

Magnitudeoftheprimaryarc(lp)(kA) 15.2 5.2

Magnitudeofthesecondaryarc(ls)(A) 45 37

Extinctiontime(s)

Larc=2.0m 0.17 0.14

Larc=4.0m 0.14 0.12

Larc=6.0m 0.12 0.12

Recoveryvoltage(kV)

Larc=2.0m 46 36

Larc=4.0m 45 30

Larc=6.0m 63 33

M A R C H 2 0 1 1 7

KineticHydropowerisoneoftheemergingtechnologiesinthealternate-energypowergenerationsector. KineticHydropowerplantsemploysubmergedturbine-generatorsetstoconverttheenergyofflowingwaterintoelectricity.Theproducedpoweristhenusedtosupplyislandedloadsorisinjectedintothegridwhereautilitynetworkisnearby.

KineticTurbinescanbedeployedintidalflowsorinhigh-velocityrivers.Inriverapplications,aKineticTurbineissubmergedandanchoredatsuitablelocationsalongriverswherenaturallandtopographyrestrictstheflow,resultinginhighlocalvelocities.TheinitialinstallationcostanddeploymenttimeofaKineticTurbineisrelativelysmall,sinceitdoesnotrequiresignificantinfrastructure,suchasadamorapowerhouse.Therefore,suchsetupscanberelativelyinexpensiveandareexpectedtohaveminimalenvironmentalfootprint.

Harnessingoftheenergyinwatercurrentsissimilartoconvertingthewindenergyintoelectricity.Incontrasttowind,however,waterflowvariationsaresteadierandmorepredictable.Moreover,thedensityofwaterisover800timeslargerthanthatofair.Thiseffectsavastdifferencebetweenpowerdensitiesofflowingwaterandwind.Forinstance,thepowerdensityofwaterflowingat4m/s,anupperrangeforrapidwatercurrents,correspondstothatofahurricane.

Inordertostudythefeasibilityandcost-effectivenessoftheKineticHydrotechnologyinCanadianrivers,aKineticTurbineresearchplatformhasbeendesignedandconstructedwithamaximumratedpowerof60kW.ThisprojectissponsoredbyManitobaHydroandinvolvesresearchersfromNSERCResearchChairsinAlternateEnergyandPowerSystemsSimulationattheUniversityofManitoba.ManitobaHVDCResearchCentrehasbeenakeypartnerinthisinitiative.

KineticTurbinePowerConverterFarid Mosallat, Manitoba HVDC Research Centre

Theturbine-generatorismountedonapontoonboattoprovideaccessibilityoverthecourseofthestudy(Figure1).Inthefinaldesign,thefloatingplatformisnotrequired.Theturbine-generatorcanbesubmergedandanchoredwithvirtuallynovisualfootprint.

CompactandlightweightgeneratorsaredesirableinriverKineticTurbinestoavoidcomplicationsinthesupportingstructuredesignandinstallation.Significantsizeandweightsavingscanbeachievedusingageneratorwithhighernominalfrequencysuchas250Hz–600Hz.A3-phasehigh-frequencypermanent-magnetsynchronousgenerator(PMSG)wasselectedforthisplatform.Atnormalwatervelocitiesof2m/s–3m/s,thePMSGproducesvoltagesintherangeof230V–560V,250Hz–600Hz.

Thegeneratoroutputistransmittedtotheshoreoveracablelink.InaKineticTurbineapplication,thegeneratoroutputfluctuatesduetouncontrollablevariationsoftheflow.Powerelectronicconvertersarecommonlyusedtointerfacethegeneratorandtheloadsystemandsupplytheloadwithregulatedvoltageandfrequency.TheelectronicpowerinterfaceforthisprojectwasdesignedandconstructedatthepowerelectronicslaboratoryoftheManitobaHVDCResearchCentre.Itconsistsoftwoback-to-backvoltage-sourcedconverters(VSCs)andtheassociatedfilters,switchgear,protectionandcontrolsystem(Figure2).

Figure1 SchematicdiagramoftheKineticTurbineplatform

8   P U L S E   T H E M A N I T O B A H V D C R E S E A R C H C E N T R E J O U R N A L8   P U L S E   T H E M A N I T O B A H V D C R E S E A R C H C E N T R E J O U R N A L

Thegenerator-sideconverterrectifiesthegeneratoroutputandprovidesaregulateddcvoltage.Theload-sideconverterthentransformsthedcvoltageintoacandsuppliestheloadsystemwithacontrolledvoltageat600Vand60Hz.PSCAD®/EMTDC™wasusedinthedesignstagetovalidatethecomponentratingsandthecontrolstrategyperformance(Figure3).

Thepowerconvertersarebasedonthepowerelectronicsbuildingblocks(PEBB)concept.Thistechnologyallowsfortherapidimplementationofdifferenttopologiesandcontrolschemes.TheVSCconvertersarePM1000PowerModule®seriesfromAmericanSuperconductor™.Theyareratedat175kVA,660Vac,1200Vdc.

Figures4(a)and(b)showaschematicdiagramofthecontrolsystemstructureandtheHMIscreen,respectively.Thehuman-machineinterface(HMI)andthedigitalcontrolsystemwereimplementedusingLabVIEW™andLabVIEW™Real-TimefromNationalInstruments™.

Figure2 TheKineticTurbinepowerconverterconstructedattheManitobaHVDCResearchCentre.

Figure4(a) Schematicdiagramofthecontrolsystem

Figure3 ThePSCAD®modelimplementedfordesigningtheKineticTurbinePowerConverter.

M A R C H 2 0 1 1 9

Theunitiscapableofsupplyingstandaloneloadswithfixedvoltageandfrequency,orinjectingthepowertotheutilitysystem.Inthedesignoftheunit,appropriatecontrolandprotectionmeasuresweretakenandManitobaHydro’sregulationsfordistrib-utedgenerationinterconnectionwereobserved.

TheKineticTurbineresearchplatformhasbeeninstalledontheWinnipegRiveratPointeduBoisinManitoba,Canada.Thecommissioningandperform-ancetestswillbecompletedinthefallof2011.

KineticTurbinesseempromisingformanyremotecommunitiesinthevicinityofhigh-velocityrivers,whichdonothaveaccesstothegridandarecurrentlypoweredbyfossil-fuel-drivengenerators.ThisaspectoftheKineticHydropowerapplicationsisthemainfocusofthisongoingresearchinitiative.TheresultsobtainedfromfieldoperationandexperimentswillhelpevaluatetheuseofKineticTurbinesinrivers,withaviewtothecommercializationofthistechnol-ogyasagreensourceforelectricpowergenerationforremotecommunitiesinCanadaandworldwide.

Kinetic Turbines seem promising for many remote communities in the vicinity of high-velocity rivers, which do not have access to the grid and are currently powered by fossil-fuel-driven generators.

Figure4(b) Userinterfacescreen

1 0   P U L S E   T H E M A N I T O B A H V D C R E S E A R C H C E N T R E J O U R N A L

TheManitobaHVDCResearchCentre,incollabo-rationwithCedratS.AofFrance,andINDIELECofSpain,wouldliketothankparticipantswhoattendedthePSCAD®EuropeanUsersGroupMeetingheldinCastelldefels,SpainonJune15&16,2010attheGranHotelReyDonJaime.

NewandexistingusersofPSCAD®participatedintwo(2)daysofmeetingsandtutorialscomprisedofpresentationsbyguestspeakersandavarietyofPSCAD®users’presentationsonawiderangeofpracticalapplicationsofPSCAD®frombothacommercialandacademicperspective.TheagendaalsoincludedpresentationsanddiscussionswiththePSCAD®developmentandsupportteam.

Wewereprivilegedtohavedistinguishedguestspeakers,Dr.HermannDommel,oftheUniversityofBritishColumbia,andGarthIrwinofElectranixCorporation,providinginsightintotransientsandtheiruse,historyandcurrentapplications.IfyouareinterestedinmoreinformationaboutthepresentationsanddiscussionattheEUGM,visitwww.pscad.com/newsorcontactusatinfo@pscad.com

Duetotheoverwhelminglypositivefeedbackandsupportfromattendees…wearedoingitagain.Lookformoreinformationaboutthe2011UserGroupMeetingtobeheldinBarcelona,Spain,November2011.Moreinformationtocome!Ifyouareinterestedinparticipatingasapresenter,pleaseemailusatinfo@pscad.com WelookforwardtoseeingyouthisfallinSpain!

Manitoba HVDC Research Centre

2010PSCAD®UserGroupMeeting 15&16June2010,Spain(inset photo from UBC files: Dr. Hermann Dommel)

2010PSCAD®UserGroupMeeting

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MANITOBAHVDCRESEARCHCENTRE211COMMERCEDRIVE

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T+12049891240F+12049891277info@pscad.com

M A R C H 2 0 1 1 1 1

Kristen Benjamin, Manitoba HVDC Research Centre

NewandImprovedPSCAD®Forum

NewandImprovedPSCAD®Forum

Joinengineersandprofessionalsworldwide,andconnectwithusonournewPSCAD®Forum.

WearepleasedthatyoucantakeadvantageofourlongstandingPSCAD®forumwhichhasbeenenhancedandnowprovidesavarietyofexcitingfeatures.We’vereorganizedthecontentontheforumandbrokeneverythingdownintosevenmaincategories:Main,PSCAD®,ApplicationsofPSCAD®,PSCAD®ExampleDownloads,EMTDC™,LiveWireandEtran.Membersfromourpreviousdiscussionforumcanlogintoreactivatetheiraccount.AllofyourprofileinformationandpostshavebeensuccessfullytransferredtoournewPSCAD®forum.Pleasecontactinfo@pscad.comforadditionalinformation.

Pleasevisitournewcommunitytodayat:http://forum.pscad.com

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ExpandingKnowledgeThefollowingcoursesareavailable,aswellascustom training courses–pleasecontacttraining@pscad.comformoreinformation.

FundamentalsofPSCAD®andApplicationsIncludesdiscussionofACtransients,faultandprotection,transformersaturation,windenergy,FACTS,distributedgeneration,andpowerqualitywithpracticalexamples. Duration: 3 Days

AdvancedTopicsinPSCAD®SimulationTrainingIncludescustomcomponentdesign,analysisofspecificsimulationmodels,HVDC/FACTS,distributedgeneration,machines,powerquality,etc. Duration: 2–4 Days

HVDCTheory&ControlsFundamentalsofHVDCTechnologyandapplicationsincludingcontrols,modelingandadvancedtopics. Duration: 4–5 Days

ACSwitchingStudyApplicationsinPSCAD®Fundamentalsofswitchingtransients,modelingissuesofpowersystemequipment,straycapacitances/inductances,surgearresterenergyrequirements,batchmodeprocessingandrelevantstandards,directconversionofPSS/EfilestoPSCAD®. Duration: 2–3 Days

DistributedGeneration&PowerQualityIncludeswindenergysystemmodeling,integrationtothegrid,powerqualityissues,andotherDGmethodssuchassolarPV,smalldieselplants,fuelcells. Duration: 3 Days

LightningCoordination&FastFrontStudiesSubstationmodelingforafastfrontstudy,representingstationequipment,straycapacitances,relevantstandards,transmissiontowermodelforflash-overstudies,surgearresterrepresentationanddata. Duration: 2 Days

MachineModelingincludingSRRInvestigationandApplicationsTopicsincludemachineequations,exciters,governors,etc.,initializationofthemachineanditscontrolstoaspecificloadflow.AlsodiscussedaretypicalapplicationsandSSRstudieswithseriescompensatedlinesasthebasecase. Duration: 2 Days

ModelingandApplicationofFACTSDevicesFundamentalsofsolid-stateFACTSsystems.Systemmodeling,controlsystemmodeling,convertermodeling,andsystemimpactstudies. Duration: 2–3 Days

TransmissionLines&ApplicationsinPSCAD®

Modelingoftransmissionlinesintypicalpowersystemstudies.Historyandfundamentalsoftransmissionlinemodeling,discussiononmodels,suchasPhase,Modal,BergeronandPIintermsofaccuracy,typicalapplications,limitations,etc.,examplecasesanddiscussionontranspo-sition,standardconductors,treatmentsofgroundwire,cross-bondingofcables,etc. Duration: 3 Days

WindPowerModelingandSimulationusingPSCAD®

Includeswindmodels,aero-dynamicmodels,machines,softstartinganddoublyfedconnections,crowbarprotection,lowvoltageridethroughcapability. Duration: 3 Days

ConnectwithUs!May5–7,2011ChinaEPowerwww.epower-china.cnShanghaiNewInternationalExpoCenter,ChinaBooth #5E01

May22–26,2011WindPower2011Conference&Exhibitionwww.windpowerexpo.orgAnaheimConventionCenter,California,USABooth #555

June14–17,2011IPSThttp://ipst2011.tudelft.nlDelftUniversity,TheNetherlands

Moreeventsareplanned!Pleaseseewww.pscad.comformoreinformation.

PSCAD® Training Sessions

Hereareafewofthetrainingcoursescurrentlyscheduled.Additionalopportunitieswillbeaddedperiodically,sopleaseseewww.pscad.comformoreinformationaboutcourseavailability.

March1–3,2011FundamentalsofPSCAD®andApplications

May3–5,2011HVDCTheoryandControls

September20–22,2011FundamentalsofPSCAD®andApplications

September27–29,2011WindPowerModelingusingPSCAD®

November22–24,2011HVDCTheoryandControls

AlltrainingcoursesmentionedaboveareheldattheManitobaHVDCResearchCentreInc.Winnipeg,Manitoba,Canadatraining@pscad.com www.pscad.com

PleasevisitNayakCorporation'swebsitewww.nayakcorp.comforcoursesintheUSA.

For more information on dates, contact training@pscad.com today!

IfyouhaveinterestingexperiencesandwouldliketosharewiththePSCAD®communityinfutureissuesofthePulse,pleasesendinyourarticletoinfo@pscad.com