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Preparing an Oral Preparing an Oral Presentation Presentation
of Your Researchof Your ResearchMehmet Tevfik DORAK, MD PhDMehmet Tevfik DORAK, MD PhD
www.dorak.info
OutlineOutline
Basics of Oral PresentationBasics of Oral PresentationLearning from mistakes
Effective PresentationsEffective PresentationsEmphasizing the right
Advanced TopicsAdvanced Topics
Final Checklist: Dos and Don’tsFinal Checklist: Dos and Don’ts
Basics of Oral PresentationBasics of Oral Presentation
The following annoy people:The following annoy people:
- No sign of enthusiasm or excitement
- Wrong color scheme, small font, invisible items
- “No intention to be heard” kind of behavior
- No regard for the audience
- Attempt to overwhelm the audience with information /
knowledge
Then, don’t do it!
Basics of Oral PresentationBasics of Oral Presentation
No sign of enthusiasm or excitementNo sign of enthusiasm or excitementLooking like a nervous wreck
-practice more
Not enjoying what you are doing-change your field
Tired, sick or pre-occupied-cancel, postpone, explain, apologize
No time for presentation-don’t do it
If you are not enthusiastic, how will the audience be?If you are not enthusiastic, how will the audience be?
Basics of Oral PresentationBasics of Oral Presentation
Wrong color schemeWrong color scheme
Basics of Oral PresentationBasics of Oral Presentation
No intention to be heard kind of behavior
Speaking low-speak up
Speaking away from the audience-speak towards the audience
Faint and off-putting slides-get better in making slides
Mean what you do, achieve what you aim!Mean what you do, achieve what you aim!
Basics of Oral PresentationBasics of Oral Presentation
No regard for the audienceNo regard for the audienceNo enthusiasm, speaking low, looking away
No contact with the audience-maintain eye contact
Not enough preparation, sloppy mistakes-prepare better
Talking to the wrong audience-know your audience before you prepare
The audience is your customer; treat them well.The audience is your customer; treat them well.
Basics of Oral PresentationBasics of Oral Presentation
Sloppy mistakesSloppy mistakes
Spelling errorsPunctuation errorsAlignment errorsCapitalization errorsFont and boldface errorsScientific errors
However trivial they may be, such errors work against you However trivial they may be, such errors work against you on the subconscious of the audience (and the judges).on the subconscious of the audience (and the judges).
Basics of Oral PresentationBasics of Oral Presentation
Attempt to overwhelm the audience with Attempt to overwhelm the audience with information / knowledge information / knowledge
The idea is not to show them how much you know or
how little they know
Your aim is to communicate your findings
You want to make sense to the audience
Keep it simple, keep them interested
Basics of Oral PresentationBasics of Oral Presentation
Basics of Oral PresentationBasics of Oral Presentation
What was wrong with the What was wrong with the previous slide? previous slide?
Basics of Oral PresentationBasics of Oral Presentation
Visual Aid Visual Aid RulesRules
Keep it simple
Minimize words
Use large fonts
List key points
Use exact phrasing
Use color
OutlineOutline
Basics of Oral PresentationBasics of Oral PresentationLearning from mistakes
Effective PresentationsEffective PresentationsEmphasizing the right
Advanced TopicsAdvanced Topics
Final Checklist: Dos and Don’tsFinal Checklist: Dos and Don’ts
Effective PresentationsEffective Presentations
What to include and what not to includeWhat to include and what not to include
How to start and how to end a presentationHow to start and how to end a presentation
Order of a presentationOrder of a presentation
Answering questionsAnswering questions
Effective PresentationsEffective Presentations
What to include and what not to includeWhat to include and what not to include
outlineoutline
some background, rationale, aimssome background, rationale, aims
methodsmethods
RESULTSRESULTSimplications, conclusionsimplications, conclusions
Not a lot of theoryNot a lot of theory
No individual or group advertisementNo individual or group advertisement
Effective PresentationsEffective Presentations
How to start and how to end a How to start and how to end a presentationpresentation
Do not just read out the title, Do not just read out the title,
it is already on the screenit is already on the screen
Do not finish with a data slideDo not finish with a data slide
Do not let the Chair remind the audience that you have Do not let the Chair remind the audience that you have
finishedfinished
Finish with a bang, which should be an exciting Finish with a bang, which should be an exciting
take home messagetake home message
Effective PresentationsEffective Presentations
Order of a presentationOrder of a presentation
TitleTitle
OutlineOutline
Background (introduction)Background (introduction)
MethodsMethods
ResultsResults
Discussion, including limitationsDiscussion, including limitations
Conclusions, including a take home messageConclusions, including a take home message
(Acknowledgements)(Acknowledgements)
Keep signposting throughout the presentationKeep signposting throughout the presentation
Effective PresentationsEffective Presentations
Outline & SignpostingOutline & Signposting
Effective PresentationsEffective Presentations
ResultsResultsThe most important component of your researchThe most important component of your researchYou will be judged by the quality of your resultsYou will be judged by the quality of your results
Effective PresentationsEffective Presentations
FiguresFigures
Effective PresentationsEffective Presentations
Answering questionsAnswering questions
No harm in saying “I don’t know the answer” or No harm in saying “I don’t know the answer” or ““I did not think about this before”I did not think about this before”
Beware of people with big egos, and be Beware of people with big egos, and be preparedprepared
Solutions: deferral to the break; acknowledging the
criticism; sticking with the content (not the tone)
Beware of people who must ask questionsBeware of people who must ask questions
Treat everyone like a gentleman (you know why)Treat everyone like a gentleman (you know why)
OutlineOutline
Basics of Oral PresentationBasics of Oral PresentationLearning from mistakes
Effective PresentationsEffective PresentationsEmphasizing the right
Advanced TopicsAdvanced Topics
Final Checklist: Dos and Don’tsFinal Checklist: Dos and Don’ts
Advanced TopicsAdvanced Topics
Symphonic structureSymphonic structure-resolution of a dissonant chord, recapitulation rule
ArticulationArticulation-go and see a play by professionals
Don’t forget to breathDon’t forget to breath-learn diaphragm breathing
Advanced TopicsAdvanced Topics
Symphonic structureSymphonic structureExposition - Development - Recapitulation (+/- Coda)
Don’t forget what you have set out to talk about, and revisit it at
the end to tie the knot!
Create suspension to keep people interested
Mention something and tell them you will explain later, or
it will be clear later on
Advanced TopicsAdvanced Topics
ArticulationArticulation
Advanced TopicsAdvanced Topics
Don’t forget to breathDon’t forget to breath
Advanced TopicsAdvanced Topics
Don’t forget to breathDon’t forget to breath
And finally:And finally:
Work on the subconsciousWork on the subconscious
Keep unity in mindKeep unity in mind
Color scheme, including background
Have a recurrent theme on each slide if possible
Font and size
Don’t pick and mix from different sources without some
coherence
Be consistentBe consistentConsider symmetry, alignment, proportionality
And finally:And finally:
Work on the subconsciousWork on the subconscious
OutlineOutline
Basics of Oral PresentationBasics of Oral PresentationLearning from mistakes
Effective PresentationsEffective PresentationsEmphasizing the right
Advanced TopicsAdvanced Topics
Final Checklist: Dos and Don’tsFinal Checklist: Dos and Don’ts
What to Do and What Not to DoWhat to Do and What Not to Do
- Do not sit; stand and walk around always in eye contact- Do not sit; stand and walk around always in eye contact
- Radiate energy and interest, not lethargy- Radiate energy and interest, not lethargy
- One slide per minute is the rule of thumb- One slide per minute is the rule of thumb
- Do not waste time complaining about lack of time when - Do not waste time complaining about lack of time when
there is indeed only little time to do the jobthere is indeed only little time to do the job
- Do not ramble on, focus on main arguments- Do not ramble on, focus on main arguments
What to Do and What Not to DoWhat to Do and What Not to Do
- Vary your voice, and pause occasionally to make - Vary your voice, and pause occasionally to make
emphasisemphasis
- While preparing, rehearse in front of a mirror- While preparing, rehearse in front of a mirror
- Record your rehearsal and listen to yourself- Record your rehearsal and listen to yourself
- Do not memorize what you are going to say - Do not memorize what you are going to say
- Do not overload your slides, list only key points- Do not overload your slides, list only key points
What to Do and What Not to DoWhat to Do and What Not to Do
- Make sure each slide has a full self-explanatory title of - Make sure each slide has a full self-explanatory title of
its ownits own
- Avoid dark background if you can, consider lighting of - Avoid dark background if you can, consider lighting of
the roomthe room
- Keep signposting- Keep signposting
- Be consistent with everything- Be consistent with everything (background, lists, punctuation, capitalization, font/size/color)(background, lists, punctuation, capitalization, font/size/color)
- Don’t try to be fancy- Don’t try to be fancy(ever changing background, distracting background, transitions, (ever changing background, distracting background, transitions,
too much clip art, animations)too much clip art, animations)
- Do not exceed your time limit; they may pull the plug off- Do not exceed your time limit; they may pull the plug off
- Thank the audience at the end- Thank the audience at the end
OutlineOutline
Basics of Oral PresentationBasics of Oral PresentationLearning from mistakes
Effective PresentationsEffective PresentationsEmphasizing the right
Advanced TopicsAdvanced Topics
Final Checklist: Dos and Don’tsFinal Checklist: Dos and Don’ts
Preparing an Oral Presentation Preparing an Oral Presentation of Your Researchof Your Research
Mehmet Tevfik DORAK, MD PhDMehmet Tevfik DORAK, MD PhD
www.dorak.info
Thank you for Your Thank you for Your Attention!Attention!
Preparing an Oral Presentation Preparing an Oral Presentation of Your Researchof Your Research
Appendix:Appendix:Additional ResourcesAdditional Resources
http://www.dorak.info/mtd/sci_write.html
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