POTENTIAL INFLUENCE OF PINK SALMON ON ... INFLUENCE OF PINK SALMON ON STEELHEAD SMOLTS IN PUGET...

POTENTIAL INFLUENCE OF PINK SALMON

ON STEELHEAD SMOLTS IN

PUGET SOUND

Steelhead Management Meeting 2014

Matthew Klungle

Clayton Kinsel

Peter Topping

Joseph Anderson

PUGET SOUND PINK SALMON

1,000,000

2,000,000

3,000,000

4,000,000

5,000,000

6,000,000

7,000,000

8,000,000

Escapem

PULSED RESOURCE SUBSIDY

Ruggeone and Nielsen 2004

- Puget Sound

Chinook

INTERSPECIFIC INTERACTION

Michael 1995

Ward and Slaney 1988

- Salish Sea

steelhead

What is the influence of pink salmon on steelhead in

Puget Sound?

HYPOTHESIZED THAT THE PINK SALMON RESOURCE SUBSIDY WOULD:

-INCREASE STEELHEAD SMOLT ABUNDANCE

- INCREASE MEAN SMOLT LENGTH

- SHIFT THE AGE STRUCTURE TO YOUNGER

- INCREASE MEAN SMOLT LENGTH AT AGE

- ADVANCE MEDIAN RUN TIMING

NISQUALLY RIVER

PINK SALMON

200,000

400,000

600,000

800,000

1,000,000

Escapem

NISQUALLY RIVER

STEELHEAD SMOLT ABUNDANCE

20,000

40,000

60,000

80,000

100,000

120,000

140,000

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Abudance

NISQUALLY RIVER

20,000

40,000

60,000

80,000

100,000

120,000

140,000

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Abudance

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Length

NISQUALLY RIVER

STEELHEAD SMOLT SIZE STRUCTURE

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Length

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

mean 195.3 209.0 195.2 209.8 199.5

S.D. 20.58 34.50 25.18 38.56 24.91

NISQUALLY RIVER

STEELHEAD SMOLT AGE STRUCTURE

2011 2012 2013

Age 3+

Age 2+

Age 1+

NISQUALLY RIVER

2011 2012 2013

Age 3+

Age 2+

Age 1+

NISQUALLY RIVER

STEELHEAD SMOLT SIZE AT AGE STRUCTURE

2011 2012 2013

Age 1+

Age 2+

Age 3+

NISQUALLY RIVER

STEELHEAD SMOLT SIZE AT AGE STRUCTURE

2011 2012 2013

Length

Age 1+

Age 2+

Age 3+

NISQUALLY RIVER

STEELHEAD SMOLT RUN TIMING

1/7 2/26 4/17 6/6 7/26 9/14

PUGET SOUND

GREEN RIVER

PINK ESCAPEMENT

GREEN RIVER

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Length

GREEN RIVER

STEELHEAD AGE STRUCTURE

2011 2012 2013

Age 3+

Age 2+

Age 1+

GREEN RIVER

STEELHEAD SIZE AT AGE STRUCTURE

2011 2012 2013

Age 1+

Age 2+

Age 3+

SKAGIT RIVER

PINK SALMON

200,000

400,000

600,000

800,000

1,000,000

Escapem

SKAGIT RIVER

2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Length

SKAGIT RIVER

2011 2012 2013

Age 4+

Age 3+

Age 2+

Age 1+

SKAGIT RIVER

2011 2012 2013

Length

Age 1+

Age 2+

Age 3+

Age 4+

DUNGENESS RIVER

PINK ESCAPMENT

10,000

15,000

20,000

25,000

30,000

2004 2006 2008 2010 2012

Abundance

DUNGENESS RIVER

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Length

DUNGENESS RIVER

2011 2012 2013

Age 3+

Age 2+

Age 1+

DUNGENESS RIVER

2011 2012 2013

Length

Age 1+

Age 2+

Age 3+

DUNGENESS RIVER

STEELHEAD SMOLT RUN TIMING

12/29 2/17 4/8 5/28 7/17 9/5 10/25

CONCLUSIONS

POOR RESOLUTION WITHIN PUGET SOUND

PULSED RESOURCE SUBSIDY INFLUENCE:

- LENGTH

- AGE STRUCTURE

- LENGTH AT AGE

- RUN TIMING

Ward and Slaney 1988

Tatara et al. yesterday

… size-dependent survival

VSP parameters

- Diversity

- Productivity

IMPLICATIONS

THANK YOU

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Length

NISQYALLY RIVER

+13.5 mm (6.9 %) on pink outmigration years

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Length

NISQUALLY RIVER

* * *** **

+13.5 mm (6.9 %) on pink outmigration years

Year Age-1 Age-2 Age-3 Age-4

2011 2.0% 88.0% 10.0% 0.0%

2012 0.0% 77.1% 22.9% 0.0%

2013 0.0% 56.9% 39.7% 3.4%

SKAGIT RIVER

2011 1.8% 88.6% 9.2% 0.4%

2012 3.4% 82.0% 14.6% 0.0%

2013 4.0% 85.9% 10.1% 0.0%

DUNGENESS RIVER

2011 152.3 (21.1) 168.9 (15.9) 193.1(15.0) 195.0 (12.5)

2012 147.8 (18.9) 169.7 (15.2) 195.5 (36.3) N/A

2013 170.5 (46.5) 168.2 (17.7) 189.5 (23.5) N/A

1983 16.6% 81.8% 1.6% 0.0%

1984 27.1% 71.2% 1.7% 0.0%

1985 35.2% 64.3% 0.5% 0.0%

1986 29.1% 69.8% 1.1% 0.0%

1987 No age data

1988 No age data

1989 18.3% 81.1% 0.6% 0.0%

1990 17.8% 81.1% 1.1% 0.0%

STEELHEAD AGE STRUCTUREfresh water ages from Nisqually River adult scales

SKAGIT RIVER

2011 N/A 172.9 (23.9) 182.8 (32.8) N/A

2012 N/A 173.3 (19.7) 184.4 (24.4) N/A

2013 N/A 167.2 (15.0) 183.6 (17.0) 184.0 (15.6)

VIABLE SALMONID POPULATION (VSP) CRITERIA:

ABUNDANCE – No

PRODUCTIVITY – Yes

DISTRIBUTION – Not measured

DIVERSITY – Yes

IMPLICATIONS

MANAGEMENT:pink fisheries

- recent commercial

- liberal sport creel

IMPLICATIONS

CONTINUE MONITORING

- 2014 pink outmigration

INCORPORATE ADULT AGE DATA

- biased

NEXT STEPS

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

James Losee

Neala Kendall

Joe Anderson

Pete Topping

WA-BC Annual General MeetingVancouver Convention Center

Vancouver, Washington

March 24 – 27, 2014

Call for Symposia and Abstracts

If interested in organizing a symposium please contact Matt Klungle at:

Matthew.Klungle@dfw.wa.gov or (360) 902-2742

Further details on symposia submissions can be found at (http://wabc-afs.org/)

Current Topics:

- social media and fisheries

- eulachon

- green sturgeon

- e-DNA

Continuing Education:

- Introduction to R for fisheries scientists

- social media and fisheries

500,000

1,000,000

1,500,000

2,000,000

2,500,000

3,000,000

3,500,000

Escapem

PULSED RESOURCE SUBSIDIES

VIABLE SALMONID POPULATION (VSP) CRITERIA:

ABUNDANCE

PRODUCTIVITY

DISTRIBUTION

DIVERSITY

PULSED RESOURCE SUBSIDIES

INTERSPECIFIC INTERACTIONWhat is the influence of pink salmon on steelhead?

𝐻𝑜: 𝐹𝐿𝑝 > 𝐹𝐿𝑛𝑝

𝐻𝑎: 𝐹𝐿𝑝 = 𝐹𝐿𝑛𝑝

Something about younger fish as well?

Set this up as hypothesis driven based on

findings from Ward and Stanley (Keogh River)

-what was their percent increase in size?

- “ “ “ “ change in age?

- “ “ “ “ change in size at age?

200,000

400,000

600,000

800,000

1,000,000E

scapem

NISQUALLY RIVER PINK SALMON

4,000,000

8,000,000

12,000,000

16,000,000

20,000,000

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Abudance

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

60,000

70,000

80,000

90,000

100,000

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Abudance

NISQUALLY RIVER STEELHEAD

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

50,000

60,000

70,000

80,000

90,000

100,000

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Abudance

NISQUALLY RIVER STEELHEAD

Quantiles

Year 1% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

2009 05/04 05/16 05/21 05/24 05/26 05/29 05/31 06/01 06/04 06/07 07/03

2010 04/15 05/02 05/08 05/11 05/13 05/15 05/17 05/20 05/23 05/27 06/13

2011 04/21 05/12 05/18 05/22 05/25 05/26 05/28 06/01 06/03 06/05 07/22

2012 04/05 05/02 05/09 05/15 05/23 05/28 05/31 06/03 06/08 06/14 07/06

2013 03/21 05/05 05/12 05/14 05/17 05/19 05/21 05/23 05/28 06/01 06/17

STEELHEAD RUN TIMING

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Length

STEELHEAD SIZE STRUCTURE

1983 16.6% 81.8% 1.6% 0.0%

1984 27.1% 71.2% 1.7% 0.0%

1985 35.2% 64.3% 0.5% 0.0%

1986 29.1% 69.8% 1.1% 0.0%

1987 No age data

1988 No age data

1989 18.3% 81.1% 0.6% 0.0%

1990 17.8% 81.1% 1.1% 0.0%

AGE STRUCTUREfresh water ages from Nisqually River adult scales

2009 3.5% 77.8% 18.1% 0.6%

2010 2.2% 77.8% 20.0% 0.0%

2011 0.3% 76.6% 21.3% 1.8%

2012 3.4% 60.4% 34.1% 2.1%

AGE STRUCTUREAGE STRUCTUREfresh water ages from Skagit River adult scales

500,000

1,000,000

1,500,000

2,000,000

2,500,000

3,000,000

3,500,000

Escapem

200,000

400,000

600,000

800,000

1,000,000E

scapem

2,000,000

4,000,000

6,000,000

8,000,000

10,000,000

12,000,000

14,000,000

16,000,000

18,000,000

20,000,000

2009 2010 2012

Abudance

200,000

400,000

600,000

800,000

1,000,000E

scapem

ABUNDANCE

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Length

dfSum of

Squares

SquareF-value p-value

Year 4 80,641 20,160.3 34.08 <0.001

Residuals 3,185 1,884,249 591.6

SIZE STRUCTURE

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Difference (abs) Std. Error t-value p-value

2009-2010 13.7 1.38 9.902 <0.001

2009-2011 0.1 1.59 -0.042 1.00

2009-2012 14.6 2.17 6.702 <0.001

2009-2013 4.2 1.44 2.893 0.0288

2010-2011 13.8 1.97 -7.003 <0.001

2010-2012 0.8 2.46 0.340 0.9968

2010-2013 9.6 1.86 -5.149 <0.001

2011-2012 14.6 2.59 5.661 <0.001

2011-2013 4.2 2.01 2.110 0.2019

2012-2013 10.4 2.50 -4.159 <0.001

SIZE STRUCTURE

Difference

(abs)Std. Error t-value p-value

2009-2010 13.7 1.38 9.902 <0.001

2009-2011 0.1 1.59 -0.042 1.00

2009-2012 14.6 2.17 6.702 <0.001

2009-2013 4.2 1.44 2.893 0.0288

2010-2011 13.8 1.97 -7.003 <0.001

2010-2012 0.8 2.46 0.340 0.9968

2010-2013 9.6 1.86 -5.149 <0.001

2011-2012 14.6 2.59 5.661 <0.001

2011-2013 4.2 2.01 2.110 0.2019

2012-2013 10.4 2.50 -4.159 <0.001

POTENTIAL INFLUENCE OF PINK SALMON ON ... INFLUENCE OF PINK SALMON ON STEELHEAD SMOLTS IN PUGET...

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