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Japan’s Resilient Energy Technology
Micro-grid System
June 18th, 2015
Kazuyuki Takada
Smart Community Department
NEDO, Japan
Microgrid in Sendai (FY2004-2007)
High Quality A
No Interruption. Compensating voltage at a wave level.
High Quality B
Removing interruption within 15 ms
Standard Quality C
Interruption is usually removed within 1 minute.
DC
No Interruption. DC supply.
Demonstration Project on Power Supply System
by Service Level
Great East Japan Earthquake: 2:46 pm on March 11.
Sendai system recovered before noon of March 12. And supply electricity to Hospital and High Quality A load (UPS).
Utility system recovered at March 14.
14:47:00
14:47:10
14:47:20
14:47:30
14:47:40
14:47:50
14:48:00
14:48:10
14:48:20
14:48:30
14:48:40
14:48:50
14:49:00
14:49:10
14:49:20
14:49:30
14:49:40
14:49:50
14:50:00
ロケーション別イベント発生状況 (本震 2011/3/11 14:46頃 三陸沖 M9.0)
周波数低下 周波数上昇 電圧低下 電圧上昇 停電検出
青森SC
盛岡SC
秋田SC
仙台SC
山形SC
福島SC
新潟SC
茨城SC
栃木SC
群馬SC
埼玉支店
千葉SC
大手町SC
立川SC
神奈川東SC
山梨SC
青森SC
盛岡SC
秋田SC
仙台SC
山形SC
福島SC
新潟SC
茨城SC
栃木SC
群馬SC
埼玉支店
千葉SC
大手町SC
立川SC
神奈川東SC
山梨SC
停電期間
Aomori
Akita
Fukushima
Morioka
Sendai
Yamagata
Niigata
Ibaraki
Tochigi
Gunma
Saitama
Chiba
Otemachi
Tachikawa
Yamanashi
Kanagawa
Aomori
Akita
Fukushima
Morioka
Sendai Yamagata
Niigata
Ibaraki Tochigi
Gunma
Saitama
Chiba
Otemachi
Tachikawa
Kanagawa
× Over- frequency ×Under- frequency ◆Voltage dip ◆Swell *Outage Duration
Power Quality in East Japan Area at the Disaster The data has been collected by NTT-FACILITIES
Abnormal frequency detected Yamanashi
14:47:00 14:50:00 14:48:00 14:49:00
Under frequency in Sendai (14:47:41, Mar 11th, 2011) The data has been collected by NTT-FACILITIES
<-48.4 Hz
<-50.0 Hz
Condition of Supplying Power during March 11
Date in 2011
March 11 March 12 March 13 March 14
Utility Grid
GasG
DC
AC A
AC B1
AC B3
PV
MPQM continued to supply DC, A, B1without any interruptions
for VRLA batteries and PV generation system.
GasG had supplied power for 43 hours during outage.
Grid
Connection
▼14:47:10 Voltage collapse Grid
Outage
Outage
▼8:16:43 Grid Recover
Stop Islanding operation
Supply from GasG
Supply from GasG
Supply from GasG Outage
Outage
Outage
▼Disconnect ▼About 12:00 GE started. (Islanding operation)
▼About 14:00 Dispatch Start (for customer needs)
▼02:06 Stopped manually
Supply from
Battery Supply from GasG
Battery
Battery
▼02:06 Stopped manually
Grid
Connection
Grid
Connection
Grid
Connection
Grid
Connection
Grid
Connection
Grid
Connection
Grid
Connection
Grid
Connection
Grid
Connection
Grid
Connection
Grid
Connection
©Hitachi, Ltd., 2013. All rights reserved.
What the project proposes?
6
• Renewables (Wind and Solar) friendly EV charging
• Reduce fossil fuel consumption and its dependency
• Mitigate investment cost for absorbing fluctuation by Renewables
EV
Ch
arger
G
©Hitachi, Ltd., 2013. All rights reserved.
Geographical Locations of Devices in Maui
7
Lahaina
Wailea
Hana
Kahului
Wailuku
Kaanapali
Maalaea
Pukalani
Makawao
Haiku
Paia
Kula
Wailua
Kapalua
DC Fast Chargers(On going)
Bulk Battery
#1 & #2 (Li-Ion)
µDMS 15 sets
SmartPCS 10 sets
Home Getaway 40 sets
Home Battery 10 set
Switch 12 sets
Bulk Battery
(Lead Acid)
Server room
DMS
EVECC
DLC
Kihei Whole Maui Island :
Normal Chargers 200 sets
SVC
DC Fast Chargers(Installed)
©Hitachi, Ltd., 2013. All rights reserved. 8
Data of EV’s load shift
0
10
20
30
40
50
Pe
rce
nta
ge
Connect Status(%)
Charge Status(%)
Wind output
curtailed [MW]
JUMPSmartMaui volunteer charging behavior at home
Charges during load peak hours
80
100
120
140
160
180
0
5
10
15
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
System load and wind output curtailed in Maui System Load Wind output curtailed
Expected effects
Lower load peak
Reduce wind output curtailment
Load[MW]
1
2
1 2
[Hour]
Before starting load shift
After starting load shift
40
30
20
10
January 2015 (80 EVs)
Before November 2014
Priority peak Off peak Off peak On peak Tariff (TOU-R)
EV charging load shifts by 3 hours
©Hitachi, Ltd., 2013. All rights reserved.
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1011121314151617181920212223
Nu
mb
er
of
Ch
arg
e
Hour
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
37 40 43 46 49 52 2 5 8 11 14 17 20 23 26 29 32 35 38
Nu
mb
er
of
Ch
arg
e
Number of Week
9
Data of EV DCFC usage
The number of utilization has increased from the start of demonstration, and been stable.
DCFCs are utilized from morning to night in people’s daily life.
2013 Sep.
-2014 Aug.
EV-kwh Charge Usage
Consumption at
DCFC
Distance
(mile) Estimated
Drive
Distance
*1
Gasoline vehicle A Gasoline vehicle B Gasoline vehicle C
Gasoline
consumption
(gallon)
CO2
emission
(Kg)
*2
Gasoline
Consumption
(gallon)
CO2
emission
(Kg)
*2
Gasoline
Consumption
(gallon)
CO2
emission
(Kg)
*2
Amount 224,342 773,981 29,768 264,940 25,799 229,614 33,651 299,497
*1 Average electricity consumption of an EV based on usage consumption at DCFC
*2 Amount of CO2 emission is calculated based on USA (Greenhouse Gas Equivalencies Calculator)
Estimation of CO2 emissions on gasoline vehicles when they drive same distance with EV
(2013 Sep. -2014 Oct.) (2013 Sep. -2014 Oct.)
DCFC: Direct Current Fast Charger
©Hitachi, Ltd., 2013. All rights reserved.
Schedule
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
F/S
System Design
Volunteer Recruitment
Equipment Installment
Demonstration Operation
Business Case Assessment
10
Operation Starts December 17th, 2013
Project period extended 1 year
©Hitachi, Ltd., 2013. All rights reserved.
JUMPSmartMaui will demonstrate an island-wide EV management system, allowing increased use of renewable energy.
JUMPSmartMaui will enable Maui to increase renewable energy penetration while minimizing curtailment.
Results of the demonstration will enable Maui stakeholders to develop policies and practices to achieve long term benefits.
Our goal is a business model that can be adapted to other islands and other power grids around the world.
Maui to the World
11
Thank you ! http://www.nedo.go.jp/
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