Japan’s Resilient Energy Technology

Micro-grid System

June 18th, 2015

Kazuyuki Takada

Smart Community Department

NEDO, Japan

Microgrid in Sendai (FY2004-2007)

High Quality Ａ

No Interruption. Compensating voltage at a wave level.

High Quality B

Removing interruption within 15 ms

Standard Quality C

Interruption is usually removed within 1 minute.

DC

No Interruption. DC supply.

Demonstration Project on Power Supply System

by Service Level

Great East Japan Earthquake: 2:46 pm on March 11.

Sendai system recovered before noon of March 12. And supply electricity to Hospital and High Quality A load (UPS).

Utility system recovered at March 14.

14:47:00

14:47:10

14:47:20

14:47:30

14:47:40

14:47:50

14:48:00

14:48:10

14:48:20

14:48:30

14:48:40

14:48:50

14:49:00

14:49:10

14:49:20

14:49:30

14:49:40

14:49:50

14:50:00

ロケーション別イベント発生状況 （本震 2011/3/11 14:46頃 三陸沖 M9.0）

周波数低下 周波数上昇 電圧低下 電圧上昇 停電検出

青森SC

盛岡SC

秋田SC

仙台SC

山形SC

福島SC

新潟SC

茨城SC

栃木SC

群馬SC

埼玉支店

千葉SC

大手町SC

立川SC

神奈川東SC

山梨SC

青森SC

盛岡SC

秋田SC

仙台SC

山形SC

福島SC

新潟SC

茨城SC

栃木SC

群馬SC

埼玉支店

千葉SC

大手町SC

立川SC

神奈川東SC

山梨SC

停電期間

Aomori

Akita

Fukushima

Morioka

Sendai

Yamagata

Niigata

Ibaraki

Tochigi

Gunma

Saitama

Chiba

Otemachi

Tachikawa

Yamanashi

Kanagawa

Aomori

Akita

Fukushima

Morioka

Sendai Yamagata

Niigata

Ibaraki Tochigi

Gunma

Saitama

Chiba

Otemachi

Tachikawa

Kanagawa

× Over- frequency ×Under- frequency ◆Voltage dip ◆Swell ＊Outage Duration

Power Quality in East Japan Area at the Disaster The data has been collected by NTT-FACILITIES

Abnormal frequency detected Yamanashi

14:47:00 14:50:00 14:48:00 14:49:00

Under frequency in Sendai (14:47:41, Mar 11th, 2011) The data has been collected by NTT-FACILITIES

<-48.4 Hz

<-50.0 Hz

Condition of Supplying Power during March 11

Date in 2011

March 11 March 12 March 13 March 14

Utility Grid

GasG

DC

AC A

AC B1

AC B3

PV

MPQM continued to supply DC, A, B1without any interruptions

for VRLA batteries and PV generation system.

GasG had supplied power for 43 hours during outage.

Grid

Connection

▼14:47:10 Voltage collapse Grid

Outage

Outage

▼8:16:43 Grid Recover

Stop Islanding operation

Supply from GasG

Supply from GasG

Supply from GasG Outage

Outage

Outage

▼Disconnect ▼About 12:00 GE started. （Islanding operation）

▼About 14:00 Dispatch Start (for customer needs)

▼02:06 Stopped manually

Supply from

Battery Supply from GasG

Battery

Battery

▼02:06 Stopped manually

Grid

Connection

Grid

Connection

Grid

Connection

Grid

Connection

Grid

Connection

Grid

Connection

Grid

Connection

Grid

Connection

Grid

Connection

Grid

Connection

Grid

Connection

© Hitachi, Ltd. 2013. All rights reserved. 5

©Hitachi, Ltd., 2013. All rights reserved.

What the project proposes?

6

• Renewables (Wind and Solar) friendly EV charging

• Reduce fossil fuel consumption and its dependency

• Mitigate investment cost for absorbing fluctuation by Renewables

EV

Ch

arger

G

©Hitachi, Ltd., 2013. All rights reserved.

Geographical Locations of Devices in Maui

7

Lahaina

Wailea

Hana

Kahului

Wailuku

Kaanapali

Maalaea

Pukalani

Makawao

Haiku

Paia

Kula

Wailua

Kapalua

DC Fast Chargers(On going)

Bulk Battery

#1 & #2 (Li-Ion)

µDMS 15 sets

SmartPCS 10 sets

Home Getaway 40 sets

Home Battery 10 set

Switch 12 sets

Bulk Battery

(Lead Acid)

Server room

DMS

EVECC

DLC

Kihei Whole Maui Island :

Normal Chargers 200 sets

SVC

DC Fast Chargers(Installed)

©Hitachi, Ltd., 2013. All rights reserved. 8

Data of EV’s load shift

0

10

20

30

40

50

Pe

rce

nta

ge

Connect Status(%)

Charge Status(%)

Wind output

curtailed [MW]

JUMPSmartMaui volunteer charging behavior at home

Charges during load peak hours

80

100

120

140

160

180

0

5

10

15

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

System load and wind output curtailed in Maui System Load Wind output curtailed

Expected effects

Lower load peak

Reduce wind output curtailment

Load[MW]

1

2

1 2

[Hour]

Before starting load shift

After starting load shift

40

30

20

10

January 2015 (80 EVs)

Before November 2014

Priority peak Off peak Off peak On peak Tariff (TOU-R)

EV charging load shifts by 3 hours

©Hitachi, Ltd., 2013. All rights reserved.

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1011121314151617181920212223

Nu

mb

er

of

Ch

arg

e

Hour

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

37 40 43 46 49 52 2 5 8 11 14 17 20 23 26 29 32 35 38

Nu

mb

er

of

Ch

arg

e

Number of Week

9

Data of EV DCFC usage

The number of utilization has increased from the start of demonstration, and been stable.

DCFCs are utilized from morning to night in people’s daily life.

2013 Sep.

-2014 Aug.

EV-kwh Charge Usage

Consumption at

DCFC

Distance

(mile) Estimated

Drive

Distance

*1

Gasoline vehicle A Gasoline vehicle B Gasoline vehicle C

Gasoline

consumption

(gallon)

CO2

emission

(Kg)

*2

Gasoline

Consumption

(gallon)

CO2

emission

(Kg)

*2

Gasoline

Consumption

(gallon)

CO2

emission

(Kg)

*2

Amount 224,342 773,981 29,768 264,940 25,799 229,614 33,651 299,497

*1 Average electricity consumption of an EV based on usage consumption at DCFC

*2 Amount of CO2 emission is calculated based on USA (Greenhouse Gas Equivalencies Calculator)

Estimation of CO2 emissions on gasoline vehicles when they drive same distance with EV

(2013 Sep. -2014 Oct.) (2013 Sep. -2014 Oct.)

DCFC: Direct Current Fast Charger

©Hitachi, Ltd., 2013. All rights reserved.

Schedule

2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

F/S

System Design

Volunteer Recruitment

Equipment Installment

Demonstration Operation

Business Case Assessment

10

Operation Starts December 17th, 2013

Project period extended 1 year

©Hitachi, Ltd., 2013. All rights reserved.

JUMPSmartMaui will demonstrate an island-wide EV management system, allowing increased use of renewable energy.

JUMPSmartMaui will enable Maui to increase renewable energy penetration while minimizing curtailment.

Results of the demonstration will enable Maui stakeholders to develop policies and practices to achieve long term benefits.

Our goal is a business model that can be adapted to other islands and other power grids around the world.

Maui to the World

11

Thank you ! http://www.nedo.go.jp/