Giáo Trình Khí Nén

16/12/2014 Giotrnhkhnn

http://www.doko.vn/tailieu/giaotrinhkhinen215079 1/26

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KhoainintHTHNGKHNN,THULC Binson:ThS.NguynPhco

Chng2 CCPHNTCAHTHNGKHNN2.1Khingunkhnn.Trongcngnghip,tytheoquymsnxut,ngitathngxydngmtvitrmkhnnphcvsnxutviccmcchkhcnhau.Yucutithiu,khnncngphicxlsbmbocctiuchun: p sutnnh Kh v Khng lnbibnCctiuchunnymichpngccyucuchungv cdngtrongcccngvicnhlmschmitrng,snphm,bmhi

mththngkhnnlmvicbnvng,lintcvtincy,ngunkhnncnphictngcngnnhvpsut,phundubitrnchoccphntiukhin,ccuchphnh tcccyucutrn,mttrmngunkhnncnctrangbmtlotccphntnitipnhautthitblckhngkhuvonkhnntiuchuncungcpchohtiuth,thngbaogmccthitbcmtbngkhiuthhintrnsnhtrnhnh2.1 2.1.1Mynnkh

Hnh2.1Khiuccphntcbncamtkhingunkhnn

16/12/2014 Giotrnhkhnn

http://www.doko.vn/tailieu/giaotrinhkhinen215079 2/26

Viclachnmynnkhdatheoyucuvpsutlmviccaccccuchphnh(Xilanh,ngc,gichtvclachntheoyucucngngh)vccyucukhcnhkchthc,trnglng,mcgytingncamynnkh.1.MynnkiuPiston (Hnh2.2):Mtcp:psutxpx600kPa=6barHaicp:psutxpx1500kPa=15bar.Cththitkn4cp,P=250bar

16/12/2014 Giotrnhkhnn

http://www.doko.vn/tailieu/giaotrinhkhinen215079 3/26

KhoainintHTHNGKHNN,THULC Binson:ThS.NguynPhcoLulngxpx10m 3 /min.Lmvictheo nguynlthayithtch. Pistonixungshtkhngkhvoquavanht.nhnhtrnhpistoniln,vanhtbngli,vanycmnnkhngkhvobnhtchp.Mivngquaysgmmtkhtvmtknn.

Lulngcamynnkhtnhchomtcpcpdngtheocngthc:Q=v.n=[m 3 /vng].[vng/pht]=[m 3 /pht]hay[m 3 /min]trong,v:thtchhnhtrnhcabunght(tnhchomtchutrnhhaymtvngquay)n:svngquaymipht. nngcaohiusutnn,mynnnhiucp,khnnclmmttrckhivocpnntiptheo.

2.Mynnkiucnhgt (Hnh2.3):Mtcp: psutxpx400kPa=4barHaicp:psutxpx800kPa=8barLmvictheo nguynlthayithtch LulngthtchQ vtlthunvi:ngknhstator,scnhvrngcnhgt,lchtmvtcquayrotor.

3.Mynnkhkiutrcvt (Hnh2.4):Lmvictheo nguynlthayithtch psutln,xpx10barLulngtlthunvitcquay,chiuditrcvt.

4.Mynnkhkiulytm (Hnh2.5):(Mynnkiuhngknh)lmvictheo nguynlngnng psutkhln,xpx1000kPa=10barLulngtlvitcquay,scnhvdin tchcnh.5.Mynnkhkiuhngtrc (Hnh2.6):

Lmvictheo nguynlngnng

psutxpx600kPa=6bar

Lulngcngtlvitcquay,ng

knhbunght,scnhvdintchcnh

Refrigerationpistoncompressor

singlestage

Hnh2.2

Slidingvanecompressor(Rotarycompressor)

Hnh2.3

Screwcompressor

Hnh2.4

Hnh2.5

Hnh2.6

16/12/2014 Giotrnhkhnn

http://www.doko.vn/tailieu/giaotrinhkhinen215079 4/26

Radialflowcompressor

Axialcompressor

Hnh2.6

KhoainintHTHNGKHNN,THULC Binson:ThS.NguynPhco2.1.2ThitbxlkhnnCcgiaionxlkhnn: Lcth:lmmtsbtchchtbn,bitiptcvobnhngngttchhinc.Sykh:ngdngqutrnhvtlhocqutrnhhohc.Lctinh:Dngblcvcmbodng

1.Sykhbngqutrnhhahc (hnh2.7)

Hnh2.7khnncaquatngchtlmkh(vdmuiNaCl),tiy,hi

ncchatrongkhngkhsctraoivichtlmkhvnglithnhchtlngchyxungbungchancngngvcthorangoi.Phngphpnycchiphvnhnhcao,thngxuynphithayth,bsungchtlmkh,tuynhinlptngin,khngyucungunnnglngtbnngoi.

2.Blcvsykhngdngqutrnhvtl (Hnh2.8)Nguynlhotng:khnntmynnkhquabphntraoinhit.Ti

ydngkhnnvoangnngsclmlnhnhtraoinhitvidngkhiracsykhvlmlnh.Nhvy,tikhuny:khnnvoclmmt,khnniracsim.Mtphnhinctrongkhnnvocngngtrixungbnhngng.

Saukhiclmlnhsb,dngkhnntiptcivobtraoinhitvichtlmlnhtrongthitblmlnh.Tiy,dngkhnnclmlnhnnhithasng(khong+2 0C),ccgitsngngngttiptcrixungbnhngngthhai.

Hnh2.7Thitbsykhbngqutrnhhahc

Hnh2.8Thitbsykhbngqutrnhvtl

Download 4 /20 BnhlunBoco

16/12/2014 Giotrnhkhnn

http://www.doko.vn/tailieu/giaotrinhkhinen215079 5/26

Gp

hasng(khong+2 C),ccgitsngngngttiptcrixungbnhngngthhai.Thitbngdngcngnghnylmvicchcchn,chiphvnhnhthp.3. Biuhophcv ( AIRSERVICEEQUIPMENTS)Biuhaphcvclptnitipvingunkhnnthngthng,

nhmcungcpngunkhnnchtlngcaovbsungchcnngcungcpdubitrnvboqunccphntcahthngkhnn,hnhdngbnngoivkhiutrnscamtbiuhaphcvnhtrnhnh2.9,gm:

BlchincVaniuchnhpsutnghchthBtraduboqun

[n qung co]

16/12/2014 Giotrnhkhnn

http://www.doko.vn/tailieu/giaotrinhkhinen215079 6/26

KhoainintHTHNGKHNN,THULC Binson:ThS.NguynPhco

+Blckhnn(CompressedairFilter)(Hnh2.10)Nguynllc:Khnntochuynngxoyvquacphntlcc

kchthclt5 mn70mtutheoyucu.Hincbphntlcngnli,rixungcclcvcxrangoi.

+Vaniuchnhpsutccaxtrn(Pressureregulatingvalvewithreliefport)(Hnh2.11)Chcnng:duytrpsutlmvicurakhngitrongphmvirng,

khngphthucvosdaongpsutmngcungcpkhnnuvovmctiuthkhnnura.iukincnlpsutlivoP 1 lunphicaohnpsutlmvicP 2 cnchoccuchphnh.

Nguynllmvic:KhipsutvoP 1nnh,psutraP 2 bngvipsutt,vaniuchnh

psuttrngthichokhnniquavanchnh(7)hngtP 1 nP 2 .GisP 2 tngln,vddotitrngcaxilanh,m(3)cavanx(6)bycongkhinkhnnquavanxrangoiquakhehp(1)lmgimP 2 ,ngthilxo(4)ymngvanchnhkhngchopsutdingcvphangunP 1

(1).Khethotkhrangoi (2).LxotpsutP 2(3). mcavanx (4).Lxongvanchnh(5). Vt tpsuturaP 2(6). Van xtrn(7). Van chnh

Hnh2.10Blchinc

Hnh2.9Biuhaphcvvkhiutrns

16/12/2014 Giotrnhkhnn

http://www.doko.vn/tailieu/giaotrinhkhinen215079 7/26

Hnh2.11.Biuchnhpsut

KhoainintHTHNGKHNN,THULC Binson:ThS.NguynPhco+BtraduboqunKhnnclcschbibnvhinc,tuynhincungcpchohthngiukhinkhnn,dngkhnncnphicchcnngvnchuynmtlngducnhtthpboqun,bitrnccbphnbngkimloi,ccchititgymastnhmchngmimn,chngr,kt.tciu,ngitathngdngmtthitbtradulmvictheonguyntccbncamtngVenturi,nguynllmvic:

Hnh2.12mtnguynlcutocabtradu,khilungkhnncpsutchyquakhehp,nitmingngVenturi,psuttrongngttxungmcchnkhngkhinchodutccchtlnmingngvrixungbungduriblungkhnnctccaophnchiathnhnhnghtnhnhsngmcuntheodngkhnnbitrn,boqunccphntcahthng.2.1.3Phnphikhnn Hnh2.13mtmththngphnphikhnn.Hthngngdnthngctdctheohngcungcpkhnn,vidct12%.ngknhcangdnclachnphthucvoyucuvtnthtpsuttrnngdntnhtngunnnitiuth,theotiuchunkhngvtqu0,1bar. Cslachn: Lulngcnthit dingdn Tnthtpsutchophp p sutvnhnh Simcnkimtralulngtrnngdn

Hnh2.12Btraduboqun

Hnh2.13Mththngphnphikhnn

16/12/2014 Giotrnhkhnn

http://www.doko.vn/tailieu/giaotrinhkhinen215079 8/26

2.2Ccccuchphnh (workingelements)Tngqut:

Ccccuchphnhcchcnngbininnglngctchlytrongkhnnthnhngnng.Cthcungcpccchuynng:Chuynngthng:

+Xilanhtcdngn(SingleactingCylinder)+Xilanhtcdngkp(Doubleactingcylinders)

Chuynngquay: +ngckhnn(AirMotors)+Xilanhquay(RotaryCylinders)

Gicht

16/12/2014 Giotrnhkhnn

http://www.doko.vn/tailieu/giaotrinhkhinen215079 9/26

KhoainintHTHNGKHNN,THULC Binson:ThS.NguynPhco1.Xilanhtcdngn:*Nguyntchotng:(Hnh2.14)

KhnnchcsdngsinhcngmtphacaPiston(nhplmvic).

Pistonlivbnglcbtlicalxohaycalctbnngoi(nhpliv). Xilanhcmtcngcpngun,mtlthotkh. iukhinhotngcaxilanhnbngvan3/2*Nguynlcuto:Cc dng: Xilanh kiupistonvvkhiutrns(Hnh2.15) Xilanh kiumng

2.Xilanhtcdngkp*Nguyntchotng:(Hnh2.16)

KhnncsdngsinhcnghaiphacaPiston. Xilanhchaicacpngun. iukhinhotngcaxilanhkpbngvan4/2,5/2hoc5/3.*Nguynlcuto:

Ccdng: Xilanhkpccnpistonmtpha:DodintchcahaimtPistonkhcnhaunnlctcdngtrncnPistoncngkhcnhau(lcylnhnlcko).Haidngxilanhkpccnpistonmtphathnggp:

+Xilanhkpkhngcmgimchn(Hnh2.17) + Xilanhkpcmgimchniuchnhc(Hnh2.18)

Hnh2.14HotngcaXilanhn

Hnh2.15

Hnh2.16

Hnh2.17Xilanhkpkhngcmgimchn

Hnh2.18

16/12/2014 Giotrnhkhnn

http://www.doko.vn/tailieu/giaotrinhkhinen215079 10/26

Hnh2.18

KhoainintHTHNGKHNN,THULC Binson:ThS.NguynPhcoXilanhkpccnpistonhaipha(gilxilanhngb)(hnh2.19),vdintchhaimtpistonbngnhaunnlctcdngsinhracngbngnhau.3.Xilanhquay iukhinbngvan4/25/2hay5/3 CnPistoncthanhrngtruynngtibnhrngquay,gcquay0360 o ,mmenkhong0,5Nmn20Nmpsutvnhnh6bar,tuthucngknhcaPiston(hnh2.20).Kiutruynngxoay(Hnh2.21):iukhinbngvan4/25/2hay5/3.

Gcxoay0270 o Mmen:khong0,5Nmn20Nmpsutvnhnh6barvphthucvokchthccacnhgt.4.ngckhnn:ngccthquaytrnlintccthochiuquay,iukhinbngvan4/25/2hay5/3Hnh2.22lnguynlcutocamtngckiucnhgt.5.Gicht:Mtvnglmbngcaosucthtreomtvtbngschtkhnn.

Khiu

Hnh2.22

Khiu

Hnh2.21

Khiu

Xilanhquay

Hnh2.20

Hnh2.19

Khiutrns

16/12/2014 Giotrnhkhnn

http://www.doko.vn/tailieu/giaotrinhkhinen215079 11/26

vtbngschtkhnn. Khickhnnthit2sang3,minght1stochnkhngchogicht.Hnh2.23mtmtbvanvgichtvimchkhnnngdng.

ngckhnnkiucnhgt

Mchkhnndnggicht

Hnh2.23

16/12/2014 Giotrnhkhnn

http://www.doko.vn/tailieu/giaotrinhkhinen215079 12/26

KhoainintHTHNGKHNN,THULC Binson:ThS.NguynPhco2.3Ccvaniukhinochiu (Directionalcontrolvalve) thngdng2.3.1Quyckhiuccvaniukhinochiu trnshthngkhnn.1.Quycbiudincccngvo/ra,ccvtrchuyntrngthi:

Trong,khiucccngvo/racbiudinbngcccons,quyc: s1lcngngun(P) S2vs4lcccngcpkhnnnccuchphnh S3hoc3v5lcccngxkhtrctiprangoimitrng(ch

:khicngimtingn,ngitalpvocccngxccnggimthanh)

2.Quycbiudinccdngtcngiukhinvan:

3.Mtskhiuycavanochiu(hnh2.24)

16/12/2014 Giotrnhkhnn

http://www.doko.vn/tailieu/giaotrinhkhinen215079 13/26

Hnh2.24

16/12/2014 Giotrnhkhnn

http://www.doko.vn/tailieu/giaotrinhkhinen215079 14/26

16/12/2014 Giotrnhkhnn

http://www.doko.vn/tailieu/giaotrinhkhinen215079 15/26

16/12/2014 Giotrnhkhnn

http://www.doko.vn/tailieu/giaotrinhkhinen215079 16/26

16/12/2014 Giotrnhkhnn

http://www.doko.vn/tailieu/giaotrinhkhinen215079 17/26

16/12/2014 Giotrnhkhnn

http://www.doko.vn/tailieu/giaotrinhkhinen215079 18/26

16/12/2014 Giotrnhkhnn

http://www.doko.vn/tailieu/giaotrinhkhinen215079 19/26

KhoainintHTHNGKHNN,THULC Binson:ThS.NguynPhco

2.5.2VanlogicOR(ShuttleValveORfunction) (Hnh2.46).Cccim:ura2sctnhiurakhimttronghailivo1hoc1(3)ctnhiu.

KhngccctnhiuvothkhngctnhiuraNucngmtthiimcchaitnhiuvonhngpsutkhcnhau,tnhiuraltnhiucpsutlnhn

Tronghthngkhnn,vanORcsdngvinhiuchcnngcbit,vdnh:

VivanOR,cththitkkhnngiukhinnhiuvtrthaotckhcnhau,vinhiutcngiukhinkhcnhau.Trongiukhintunt,cccngORthamgiatrongccmodulenhp.

Hnh2.47lsmchhthngkhnnngdngvanORtronggiiphpcthiukhinxilanh1Ahaikhnng:bngntn(1S1)hocbngPan(1S2).

2.5.3CcbnhthikhnnCutocamtbnhthigm:Mtvantitlumtchiu,mtbnhchakhnnvmtvan3/2iukhinbngkhnn.

Hnh2.47VdngdngvanOR

VdngdngvanAND

1 1

2

2

1 3

2

1

2

1 3

1A

1V2

1V1

1S1 1S2

Hnh2.45

Hnh2.46

16/12/2014 Giotrnhkhnn

http://www.doko.vn/tailieu/giaotrinhkhinen215079 20/26

Hnh2.48trnhbynguynlcuto,pngthigian,khiubiudintrnsvkiudngbnngoicamtbnhthikiuDELAYON

KhoainintHTHNGKHNN,THULC Binson:ThS.NguynPhco

Nguynllmvicnhsau:Tithiimt=0,mttnhiukhnncpsutkhngictvoca(12)khitobnhthi.Khnnquakhehpcatitlumtchiunpvobnhtrchcha(compressedairrecervoir),iuchnhmclulngnychnhliuchnhthigiantrtcnthit.Khipsuttrongbnhtrchchattigitrcnchochuyntrngthicavan3/2,vansmcungcptnhiura(signaloutput)tica(2).Trngthinysbxakhixtnhiuca12,qutrnhxadinragnnhtcthi:khnntrongbnhchaxnhanhquaca12(khngquatitlu)psutgimnhanh,lxophchicavan3/2tcngkhavan.Tngt,khithayicutrccabnhthiquavicitrngthibanuca

van3/2,cthccRlethigianDELAYONnhtrnhbytrnhnh2.49:

TiptheocbnhthiDELAYOFF,ngitaichiuvantitlumtchiu.pngthigianvkhiutrnsnhhnh2.50.

Kiudng

Hnh2.48

Hnh2.49

16/12/2014 Giotrnhkhnn

http://www.doko.vn/tailieu/giaotrinhkhinen215079 21/26

Hnh2.51trnhbymtvdngdngDELAYON(1V1).Cnpistoncaxilanh1Acnphilulivtrcuicngmtthigian(vd5s)sautngrtv.TnhiukhitochoTimerccungcptcngtchnhtrnhS2xcnhvtrcuicngcapiston.Vanochiu1V2lvanxungnntnhiuiukhindoTimercungcptntichonkhicnpistonrtkhiS2(cnghalvan1V2hontonchuynsangtrngthinnhmi)

Hnh2.50pngbnhthiDELAYOFF

16/12/2014 Giotrnhkhnn

http://www.doko.vn/tailieu/giaotrinhkhinen215079 22/26

KhoainintHTHNGKHNN,THULC Binson:ThS.NguynPhco 2.5.4Vantuntpsut (Pressuresequencevalve)Van tuntpsutcngdngtronghthngmtnhiuvpsutcgimstcnhucuchoiukhinccbctiptheo.Vd,trongthitbgiacngchitit:psutdnhchovickpchtchititcngiacngcnphictheodibngmtvantuntpsut,khithamn,vannycungcpmttnhiuiukhinchoccuchphnhtiptheohotng(vdxilanhdntinkhoan).

Hnh2.52biudinnguynlcuto,hotngvkhiutrnscamtvantuntpsut.Nguyn l hotng:psutcngimstctvoca12,khipsutvtqugitrtno(phthucvoyucucngngh,nhhnpsutcangun),van3/2smakhnnracalmvic2.Van3/2sngtrlikhipsutca12nhhngitrt.

Hnh2.51

Vdngdngvantuntpsut

Hnhdngbnngoi

16/12/2014 Giotrnhkhnn

http://www.doko.vn/tailieu/giaotrinhkhinen215079 23/26

Hnh2.52mtvantuntpsut

KhoainintHTHNGKHNN,THULC Binson:ThS.NguynPhco2.6Ccphntatnhiu (InputElements)1.KhinimchungTrongcchthngiukhintngnichung,hthngkhnnniring,ccphntatnhiucchialmhainhm:

Nhmccphntgiaotipngihthng.+Tronghthngiukhinhontonbngkhnn,ngitathngsdngccphnt(gichunglphnttcngbngtay):dngccntn,nmxoay,Pedalviccvan3/2hoc5/2+Tronghthngiukhinbnginkhnn,ccphntdngntn,cngtcvicctipiminthngmhaythngng.

Nhmccphntgiaotiptronghthng,gmccphntthchinnhimvgimsttrngthicahthng,nhcccngtchnhtrnh,cccmbin,cameravcungcpcctnhiucnthitchoqutrnhiukhin,chothitbhinth,cnhbo2.Nhmphntkhnngiaotipngihthng Hnh2.53mtnguynlcuto,hotngvkhiucamtntn(Pushbutton)thngngsdngvanochiu3/2

3. Nhmphntgiaotiptronghthng

*)Cccngtchnhtrnhhaycngtcgiihn(limitswitch)tcngbngckh(Machanicallyactuated).

Hnh2.54mtnguynlcutovhotngcamtcngtchnhtrnhkhnntcdngbngckh,sdngvan3/2thngm

2

1 3

Khiu

Hnh2.53Ntnthngng

16/12/2014 Giotrnhkhnn

http://www.doko.vn/tailieu/giaotrinhkhinen215079 24/26

Theoyucucngnghiukhinhthngbngkhnn,ngitathngsdnghailoicngtchnhtrnh,phnbittheochiutcng:cngtchnhtrnhtcngchaichiuvcngtchnhtrnhchtcngmtchiuhocttrisangphihoctphisangtri.Hnh2.55mtcccngtchnhtrnhvngdng

Hnh2.54

16/12/2014 Giotrnhkhnn

http://www.doko.vn/tailieu/giaotrinhkhinen215079 25/26

KhoainintHTHNGKHNN,THULC Binson:ThS.NguynPhco

Chng3 CNGNGHIUKHINBNGKHNN3.1.PhngphpmtbitoniukhinTrong lnhvcthitkhthngiukhinnichungvtronglnhvcthitkhthngkhnn,thylcniringmtbitoniukhinlvicxcnhritngiukhin,nhimviukhin,ccthngscniukhin,cciukinrngbuc mtbitoniukhin,ngitathngdngnhngthutng,nhngkhiu,quycthhindidngskhi,biu,luthutton,lutintrnhTrongkthutiukhinhthngkhnn,thylc,vicmtbitoniukhinthnghaydngBiuhnhtrnhbc,SchcnnghayLutintrnh.

Tytheoyucumtbitoniukhin,ngitacthsdngccdngbiusau: Biuchuynng (Motiondiagram),trnhnh3.1biudinscngnghmtkhuvnchuynsnphmvbiuchuynngcaccuchphnh.Biunychmangthngtinvhnhtrnhbccaccxilanh.

Hnh2.55

Cngtchnhtrnhhaichiu

Cngtchnhtrnhmtchiu

Hnh3.1Mtbiuchuynng

16/12/2014 Giotrnhkhnn

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