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Fungiopportunistic, and pathogenic

Acremonium (Cephalosporium) sp. Delicate, septate hyphae. Conidia are oblong and usually one celled but occasionally two celled (Cotton

blue stain).

Acremonium (Cephalosporium) sp. Delicate, septate hyphae. Conidia are oblong and

usually one celled (Unstained).

Acremonium sp. Conidia (spores) of Acremonium sp. are oblong,

slightly variable in size, and usually one celled (Cotton blue stain).

Alternaria sp. Commonly considered a contaminant, producing large

dark conidia with septations.

Arthrinium sp. Dark brown lenticular conidia (Unstained).

Aureobasidium pullulans Dark brown conidia and hyaline hyphae (Unstained).

Blastomyces dermatitidis Budding yeast with broadly inserted base in pus from

spondylitis (Unstained).

Chaetomium sp. Perithecia with filamentous appendages in culture

(Unstained).

Coccidioides immitis A round spherule containing endospores in a lung

biopsy (Grocott's silver stain).

Coccidioides immitis Arthroconidia in a culture (Unstained).

Exophiala dermatitidis Abundant yeast cells and mycelium (Unstained).

Exophiala dermatitidis Colonies with brown pigment on Sabouraud agar.

Fusarium solani Large sickle-shaped, multiseptate macroconidia

(Cotton blue stain).

Fusarium species Large sickle-shaped, multiseptate macroconidia

(Unstained).

Fusarium species Mycelium with large sickle-shaped macroconidia

(Gram stain).

Hormographiella aspergillata Mycelium and arthroconidia from a culture on

Sabouraud’s agar (Unstained).

Hormographiella aspergillata Septated hyphae in lung tissue taken at autopsy

(Haemotoxylin and eosin stain).

Mucor sp. Wide, practically non-septate hyphae bearing terminal

round spore-filled sporangia. Here most spores have escaped (Cotton blue stain).

Penicillium marneffei The conidiophores, with their attached chains of

round conidia, have a brush-like appearance (Unstained).

Penicillium marneffei Culture on Sabouraud-agar showing diffusing red

pigment.

Penicillium sp. The conidiophores, with their attached chains of

round conidia, have a brush-like appearance (Cotton blue stain).

Pneumocystis jirovecii In bronchial aspirate. The wall of the parasite stains

dark (Silver stain).

Pneumocystis jirovecii In bronchial aspirate. The wall of the parasite does not

stain. It contains eight nuclei (Giemsa stain).

Pneumocystis jirovecii In bronchial aspirate. The cyst walls are clearly visible.

No budding (Direct immunofluorescence).

Pseudoallescheria boydii Septate hyphae bearing unicellular, oval conidia with

the larger end toward the apex (Unstained).

Pseudoallescheria boydii (Anamorph: Scedosporium apiospermum). Oval terminal conidia with the larger end toward the apex

(Unstained).

Scedosporium prolificans Inflated conidiogenous cells with dark, oval, and

terminal conidia (Unstained).

Scedosporium prolificans Colonies with aerial olivaceous mycelium on

Sabouraud agar.

Scopulariopsis sp. The conidia are 4 to 9 μm in diameter, often thick

walled, round, usually very rough and spiny when mature (Unstained).

Scopulariopsis sp. Septate hyphae. The conidia are 4 to 9 μm in diameter,

round, and spiny when mature (Unstained).

Scopulariopsis brevicaulis The conidia in chains are 4 to 9 μm in diameter, round,

and spiny when mature (Unstained).

Sporothrix schenckii Thin, septate, and branching hyphae. Small pear-

shaped or almost round conidia (Cotton blue stain).

Sporothrix schenckii Thin, septate, and branching hyphae. Small pear-

shaped or almost round conidia (Cotton blue stain).

Stachybotrys sp. Thin and septate hyphae. Dark oval single celled

conidia (Cotton blue stain).