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Defining Response Time
• Reaction Time • Contact Time • Response Time • Assessment Time • Preparation Time • Rescue Time
Reaction Time
• Time between the entrant having a problem requiring rescue and the safety attendant’s recognition that the entrant has problem
Assessment Time
• The time taken by a rescue team to size up the problem and determine the strategy to perform a safe, efficient rescue
Rescue Time
• The time taken for the team to reach, treat, package, and evacuate the victim from the confined space.
Untimely Rescue Response
• CPR Emergency – Goal: 4 minutes – OSHA Preamble
• Golden Hour – Patient delivery within an hour of the injury – Example
• Falls off a ladder • Broken Bones
Rescue Response Time Goals
• On-Site Team – Almost impossible to respond to a rescue
summons and reach a victim within OSHA’s goal of 4 minutes
– Unless using Rescue-Standby (team is already set up)
• Appropriate Goal – Initiate patient transport to the hospital within
30-40 minutes of the incident
Rescue Response Time Goal • 0 – 3 minutes
– Permit-Required Confined Space incident occurs and rescue team is called
• 3 – 13 minutes (10 min. duration) – Rescue Team Arrives at the Scene
• 13 – 23 minutes (10 min. duration) – Rescue Team Sizes up and Prepares to initiate rescue
• 23 – 38 minutes (15 min. duration) – Rescue team reaches and rescues patient.
• 38 – 53 minutes (15 min. duration) – Patient is transported and arrives at emergency room
Rescue Response Decision-Making Criteria
• Rescue Standby (RS) – Requires team to be present and able to enter the space
immediately and reach the patient in 2 to 4 minutes
• Rescue Available (RA) – Requires the team to be able to respond to the entry site
in about 10 minutes and reach the patient approximately 5 minutes later.
• Can Categorize PRCS – Pre-Plan – Best to assign on an entry by entry basis
Rescue Response Categories
• Rescue Available – Do not require entrants to wear fresh air
breathing equipment – Do not expose the entrant to any obvious IDLH
or potential IDLH hazard – Do not warrant rescue personnel standing by
during the entry, and – Do not require the entrant to have assistance to
exit the space, under normal circumstances
Rescue Response Categories
• Space in which entrants are required to use fresh air breathing equipment
• Spaces in which an obvious IDLH hazard exists or potentially exists, and/or
• Spaces from which an entrant would be expected to have difficulty exiting without help
Determining Rescue Response
• Entry Supervisor must decide for each entry • Three questions should be asked
– Is the hazard or potential hazard immediately dangerous to life or health (IDLH)?
– Is breathing air required for entry? – Would the entrant have difficulty exiting the
space unassisted? • Any “yes” – then Rescue Standby (RS)
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