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Cognados - Cognates
Español ISeñora Berndt
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Cognados - Cognates
There are some Spanish words that when you see them, you know (or think you know what they mean. They may be spelled exactly a like – or similar to – an English word. An example would be “hotel”. Such words are called Cognates
Cognates are our Friends.Although cognates may be spelled like our words, they are not pronounced the same.
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Ejemplosnormalanimalmetalfinalgeneralhospitalnaturalactor
doctorcolorfavorgaragehorribleterribleprobableángel
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Mas ejemplosabsolutamentecompletamentedentistaartistanerviosonecesarioprimariosecundario
imposibleexcelenteimportanteclasefantásticoeléctricomatemáticasuniversidad
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¡Cuidado! - Beware
There are words which look like English words but are actually what are called “False Cognates” or “false friends”False cognates are NOT our friends.Look at the following words:
pie pan meter quinceIf they are English words, we know what they mean. If they are in Spanish – do we?
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The real meaning
Pie = foot, not piePan = bread, not panMeter = to put or to place, not meterQuince = fifteen, not quince
Let’s look at some more words
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What do you think these words mean?
haysinonceleersabersopaembarazada
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They are False Friends
hay – there is, there aresin - withoutonce - elevenleer – to read saber – to knowsopa – soup embarazada - pregnant
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You can read Spanish!
You may not know it, but if I tell you that
EL = the and
HAY = there is or there are you can read a whole paragraph in Spanish. Let’s try it.
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You can read Spanish!
El elefante es un animal inteligente.Hay muchos elefantes en África.El camello es un animal enorme.Hay camellos en el desierto.El tigre es un animal feroz.El león es otro animal feroz.Hay muchos animales feroces en el circo.
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el doctorel actorel tractorinteriorel colorel profesorel favorel conductorel errorel inventor
ORRemains Identical
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el animal central local personal el criminal el canal comercial legal musical natural rural social
ALRemains Identical
Some words that end in “CAL” in English end in
“CO” in Spanish.Logical = lógicoTypical = típico
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el cablenotableterribleposibleflexibleprobablehonorablenoblehorribleinevitable
BLERemains Identical
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el atlánticoel publicorománticodemocráticoartísticoelásticoeléctricoautomático
IC =
ICOADD THE LETTER “O” TO WORDS
THAT END IN “IC”
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el presidenteel accidenteel clienteexcelenteimportantediferenteconvenienteel elefanteinteligente
ENT =ENTE
ANT=ANTE
Add the letter “e” to words that end in “ent” or “ant”
in English
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el pianistael violinistael dentistaun artistaun novelistaun optimistael comunistael capitalista
IST = ISTA
You can convert many English words that
end in “ist” into Spanish by adding
“a” to them.
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famosocuriosodeliciosogenerosogloriosoambiciosoreligioso
OUS =
OSO
English words that end in “ous” into
Spanish by changing the “ous” to “OSO”
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corrección instrucciónconstrucciónconvención la invitación la conversación la nación la acción la discusión la introducción la petición la opinión
TION = CIÓN
SION = SIÓN
In general words which in in “ION” en English end in “ión” in Spanish
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la capacidadla dignidadla personalidadla electricidadla curiosidadla comunidadla humanidadla publicidad
TY-= DAD
In general words which end in “ty” in English end in “dad” in Spanish
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la capacidadla dignidadla personalidadla electricidadla curiosidadla comunidadla humanidadla publicidad
TY= DAD
In general words which end in “ty” in English end in “dad” in Spanish
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el canarioaniversariocontrarionecesario literariodiccionario imaginario involuntario itinerarioextraordinario
RY to RIO
In general words which end in “ry” in English end in “rio” in Spanish
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el programael telegramael cablegramael problemael poemael sistema
EM = EMAAM = AMA
In general words which end in “em or ema” in English end in “ema or ama” in
Spanish
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la distanciala convenienciala experienciala importanciala justiciaFranciaAlicia
CE = CIA
In general words which end in “ce” in English end in “cia” in Spanish
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la emergenciala tendenciala urgenciala diplomaciala democracia
CY = CIA
In general words which end in “cy” in English end in “cia” in Spanish
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la sardinala gasolinala medicinala penicilinala doctrinala aspirinala vitamina
IN OR INE = INA
In general words which end in “INE” in English end in “INA” in Spanish
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activoel explosivoel creativoel ofensivoel defectivoel abusivoel adjectivoel motivo
IVE = IVO
In general words which end in “IVE” in English end in “IVO” in Spanish
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EL FIN
Practica Palabras
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