View
220
Download
2
Category
Preview:
Citation preview
Cellular Respiration Notes
AutoSave 1
December 09, 2013
Cellular Respiration
Remember: Cells use oxygen and break down organic compounds to make ATP in order to do work. The waste products are CO2 and water.
• Organisms obtain energy in a process called cellular respirationBoth plants and animals
• The equation for cellular respiration is the opposite of the equation for photosynthesis
• Cellular respiration occurs in two main parts.
• Glycolysis
• Aerobic respiration
Cellular Respiration Notes
AutoSave 2
December 09, 2013
Glycolysisorganic compounds are broken into 3 carbon molecules called pyruvic acid
This produces a small amount of ATP and NADH, it does not require oxygenanaerobic
Glycolysis
2 Pyruvic acid
• 2 molecules of ATP and 2 molecules of NADH are formed for each molecule of glucose that is broken down
Cellular Respiration Notes
AutoSave 3
December 09, 2013
What types of cells perform anaerobic respiration? Lactic Acid formationbacteria (dairy products) muscle cells during exercise; Alcoholic Fermentationyeast (beer, wine, bread)
Cellular Respiration Notes
AutoSave 4
December 09, 2013
Aerobic Respiration
Aerobic Respiration occurs in 2 stages1. the Krebs Cycle2. the electron transport chain
• Glycolysis has a net result of two ATP and two pyruvate
• Most of the energy from the glucose is still contained in the pyruvate
In eukaryotes these reactions occur inside the mitochondriafirst the 2 pyruvates diffuse into the mitchondrial matrix
Cellular Respiration Notes
AutoSave 5
December 09, 2013
• The series of reactions in which pyruvate is broken down into carbon dioxide is called the Krebs cycle
Once in the mitochondrial matrix each pyruvic acid reacts with coenzyme A to form Acetyl CoA and 1 CO2
Each Acetyl CoA enters the Krebs cycle
• The net yield from 1 glucose molecule2 turns of the Krebs cycle is 4 CO2 molecules, 2 ATP, 6 NADH, and 2 FADH2.
Cellular Respiration Notes
AutoSave 6
December 09, 2013
Electron Transport Chain and Chemiosmosis
• Point at which the majority of ATP is produced • Produces 24 ATPThe electron transport chain is a series of molecules in a membrane that transfer electrons from 1 molecule to anotherfound in inner membrane of mitochondria in folds called cristae along with ATP synthase
The NADH and FADH2 produced in the Krebs Cycle move to the electron transport chain
The electrons from the hydrogen atoms are at a high energy level. NADH and FADH2 also give up protons. This drives the synthesis of ATP by chemiosmosis. Protons move through ATP synthase down their concentration and electrical gradients.
Oxygen is the final acceptor of the protons and electronsthey all combine to make H2Othis keeps the chain moving
Recommended