CELLULAR RESPIRATION

CELLULAR RESPIRATION

CELLULAR RESPIRATION

• WHAT IS ENERGY??

CELLULAR RESPIRATION

• WHAT IS ENERGY?– ENERGY IS THE ABILITY TO DO WORK

• WHAT IS WORK?– WORK IS ANYTHING THAT USES ENERGY

• UUUMMM….ANYONE NOTICE A PROBLEM WITH THAT CIRCULAR LOGIC

CELLULAR RESPIRATION

• WORK IS MAKING SOMETHING HAPPEN THAT WOULDN’T HAPPEN NATURALLY…ENERGY GIVES YOU THE ABILITY TO DO THIS

• WHAT ARE SOME EXAMPLES OF THINGS WE MUST “MAKE HAPPEN” TO SURVIVE??

• THE LIFE PROCESSES!!!– H.N.T.R.S.G.E.R.M.R

CELLULAR RESPIRATION

• WHERE DOES THE ENERGY TO DO THIS WORK COME FROM???

CELLULAR RESPIRATION

• THIS BEGS THE QUESTION…HOW DOES EATING FOOD EQUAL HAVING ENERGY TO DO CELLULAR WORK?

• THE ANSWER:

CELLULAR RESPIRATION

CELLULAR RESPIRATION• IN ORDER TO UNDERSTAND CELLULAR

RESPIRATION, WE MUST FIRST UNDERSTAND ATP

• ATP IS THE “FUEL OF THE CELL”• JUST LIKE OIL MUST BE CONVERTED TO

GAS, SUGAR MUST BE CONVERTED TO ATP

CELLULAR RESPIRATION

• WHAT IS ATP?– ADENOSINE TRI-PHOSPHATE– HIGH ENERGY COMPOUND– DOES ITS SHAPE LOOK FAMILIAR?

CELLULAR RESPIRATION

CELLULAR RESPIRATION

• THE GOAL OF CELLULAR RESPIRATION IS TO USE THE ENERGY IN FOOD TO CONVERT ADP INTO ATP…

• IN EFFECT, “STORING” OR “CONVERTING” THE ENERGY FROM THE FOOD INTO ATP

• THIS MAKES THE ENERGY IN FOOD, USABLE BY THE CELL

CELLULAR RESPIRATION

• THERE ARE TWO MAJOR TYPES OF CELLULAR RESPIRATION

• AEROBIC VS ANAEROBIC RESPIRATION

CELLULAR RESPIRATION• THE FIRST PARTS OF AEROBIC AND ANAEROBIC RESPIRATION ARE

IDENTICAL• GLYCOLYSIS

– “GLYCO” + “LYSIS”– THE BREAKDOWN OF GLUCOSE– GLUCOSE PYRUVIC ACID

CELLULAR RESPIRATION

• WHAT HAPPENS AFTER GLYCOLYSIS DEPENDS ON THE PRESENCE OF OXYGEN– NO OXYGEN = ANAEROBIC RESPIRATION– OXYGEN = AEROBIC RESPIRATION

• ANAEROBIC RESPIRATION NEXT STEP IS CALLEDFERMENTATION!!

CELLULAR RESPIRATION

• FERMENTATION– ANAEROBIC PROCESS– TWO VERSIONS

LACTIC ACID VS.ALCOHOLIC

– ALCOHOLIC IS WHATKEEPS THE BEERCOMPANIES IN BUSINESS!!

CELLULAR RESPIRATION

CELLULAR RESPIRATION

• DO HUMANS PERFORM ALCOHOLIC FERMENTATION?– HOW DO YOU KNOW?

• IF NOT ALCOHOLIC FERMENTATION, THEN WHAT?– LACTIC ACID FERMENTATION– HOW DO YOU KNOW??

CELLULAR RESPIRATION

• AEROBIC RESPIRATION– REQUIRES

OXYGEN– OCCURS IN

THE MITOCHONDRIA!!!

CELLULAR RESPIRATION

• TWO MAJOR STEPS OF AEROBIC RESPIRATION– KREBS CYCLE

CELLULAR RESPIRATION

• TWO MAJOR STEPS OF AEROBIC RESPIRATION– ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN

CELLULAR RESPIRATION

• KEY TERMS OF ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN– CRISTAE– CHEMIOSMOSIS– PROTON GRADIENT– ATP SYNTHASE

CELLULAR RESPIRATION

• OVERALL EQUATION

CELLULAR RESPIRATION

• OVERALL REACTION

CELLULAR RESPIRATION

• IF CELLULAR RESPIRATION IS ALWAYS TAKING PLACE, WHY DO HUMANS GET TIRED WHEN EXERCISING??

CELLULAR RESPIRATION

• WHY DO WE ONLY LOOK AT SUGAR IN THIS EQUATION?

CELLULAR RESPIRATION• WHY IS IT NECESSARY

TO CONVERT GLUCOSE INTO ATP?

• CELLULAR RESPIRATION DOES THIS CONVERSION…BUT WHERE DOES THE GLUCOSE COME FROM TO BEGIN WITH?

• THAT’S UP NEXT!!!