Brough Tutorial

Wireless Tutorial

BroughTurner

NMS Communications

Oct

ober

9, 2

008

ww

w.n

msc

om

mun

icat

ions

.com

Land

line

Sub

s

Mob

ile S

ubs

Sou

rce:

IT

U W

orld

ICT

Indi

cato

rs, J

une

2008

ww

w.n

msc

om

mun

icat

ions

.com

The author would like to acknowledge

material contributions from:

�M

arc

Ora

nge,

Inte

rpha

se●

For

mer

ly w

ith N

MS

Com

mun

icat

ions

�M

urta

zaA

miji

, Tel

lme

(A M

icro

soft

Sub

sidi

ary)

●F

orm

erly

with

NM

S C

omm

unic

atio

ns

�S

amue

l S. M

ay, P

rice

Wat

erho

use

Coo

pers

●F

orm

erly

with

US

Ban

corp

Pip

er J

affr

ay

man

y ot

hers

, as

note

d on

spe

cific

slid

es

ww

w.n

msc

om

mun

icat

ions

.com

Outline

�H

isto

ry a

nd e

volu

tion

of m

obile

rad

io●

Brie

f his

tory

of c

ellu

lar

wire

less

tele

phon

y●

Rad

io te

chno

logy

toda

y: T

DM

A, C

DM

A, O

FD

MA

, …●

Dem

ogra

phic

s an

d m

arke

t tre

nds

toda

y●

3G, 3

.5G

, WiM

AX

, LT

E &

4G

mig

ratio

n pa

ths

�E

volv

ing

netw

ork

arch

itect

ures

●G

SM

-MA

P (

EU

) an

d IS

-41

(US

) or

igin

s●

Sof

tsw

itche

s, V

oIP

and

SIP

in N

extG

enN

etw

orks

(N

GN

)●

3GP

P &

NG

N c

onve

rgen

ce: r

elea

ses,

feat

ures

and

sc

hedu

les

ww

w.n

msc

om

mun

icat

ions

.com

Outline (continued)

�E

volv

ing

serv

ices

●S

MS

, MM

S, l

ocat

ion,

ric

hpr

esen

ce, v

ideo

●IP

mul

timed

ia s

ubsy

stem

(IM

S)

vs. “

dum

b pi

pe”

�A

pplic

atio

ns a

nd b

usin

ess

mod

els

●K

iller

app

licat

ions

& k

iller

pla

tform

s●

2-si

ded

busi

ness

mod

els

�R

elat

ed te

chno

logy

, Iss

ues

and

Fut

ures

●W

iMA

X, B

ackh

aul,

Blu

etoo

th, N

extG

enW

iFi

●M

obile

dev

ice

dive

rsity

/ ap

plic

atio

n en

viro

nmen

ts

ww

w.n

msc

om

mun

icat

ions

.com

Wireless Tutorial

�H

isto

ry a

nd E

volu

tion

of M

obile

Rad

io�

Evo

lvin

g N

etw

ork

Arc

hite

ctur

es

�E

volv

ing

Ser

vice

s�

App

licat

ions

and

Bus

ines

s M

odel

s�

Rel

ated

tech

nolo

gy, I

ssue

s an

d F

utur

es

ww

w.n

msc

om

mun

icat

ions

.com

Origins of Wireless Communications

�18

64:

Jam

es C

lark

Max

wel

l●

Pre

dict

s ex

iste

nce

of r

adio

wav

es

�18

86:

Hei

nric

h R

udol

ph H

ertz

●D

emon

stra

tes

radi

o w

aves

�18

95-1

901:

Gug

lielm

oM

arco

ni●

Dem

onst

rate

s w

irele

ss c

omm

unic

atio

ns o

ver

incr

easi

ng

dist

ance

s

�A

lso

in th

e 18

90s

●N

ikol

aT

esla

, Ale

xand

er S

tepa

novi

chP

opov

, Jag

dish

Cha

ndra

Bos

e an

d ot

hers

, dem

onst

rate

form

s of

w

irele

ss c

omm

unic

atio

ns

ww

w.n

msc

om

mun

icat

ions

.com

First Mobile Radio Telephone, 1924

Cou

rtes

y of

Ric

h H

owar

d

ww

w.n

msc

om

mun

icat

ions

.com

1 2

3 4 5

6 7

1 2

3 4 5

6 7

57

22

11 2

3 4 5

6 7

3

Cellular Mobile Telephony

�A

nten

na d

iver

sity

�C

ellu

lar

conc

ept

●B

ell L

abs

(195

7 &

196

0)

�F

requ

ency

reu

se●

typi

cally

eve

ry 7

cel

ls

�H

ando

ff as

cal

ler

mov

es�

Mod

ified

CO

sw

itch

●H

LR, p

agin

g, h

ando

ffs

�S

ecto

rs im

prov

e re

use

●ev

ery

3 ce

lls p

ossi

ble

ww

w.n

msc

om

mun

icat

ions

.com

First Generation (nearly all retired)

�A

dvan

ced

Mob

ile P

hone

Ser

vice

(A

MP

S)

●U

S tr

ials

197

8; d

eplo

yed

in J

apan

(’7

9) &

US

(’8

3)●

800

MH

z; t

wo

20 M

Hz

band

s; T

IA-5

53

�N

ordi

c M

obile

Tel

epho

ny (

NM

T)

●S

wed

en, N

orw

ay, D

emar

k &

Fin

land

●La

unch

ed 1

981

●45

0 M

Hz;

late

r at

900

MH

z (N

MT

900)

�T

otal

Acc

ess

Com

mun

icat

ions

Sys

tem

(T

AC

S)

●B

ritis

h de

sign

; sim

ilar

to A

MP

S; d

eplo

yed

1985

ww

w.n

msc

om

mun

icat

ions

.com

2nd Generation “2G”–digital systems

�Le

vera

ge te

chno

logy

to in

crea

se c

apac

ity●

Spe

ech

com

pres

sion

; dig

ital s

igna

l pro

cess

ing

�U

tiliz

e/ex

tend

“In

telli

gent

Net

wor

k”co

ncep

ts●

Impr

ove

frau

d pr

even

tion;

Add

new

ser

vice

s

�W

ide

dive

rsity

of 2

G s

yste

ms

●IS

-54/

IS-1

36 N

orth

Am

eric

an T

DM

A;

& P

DC

(Ja

pan)

●D

EC

T a

nd P

HS

; iD

EN

●IS

-95

CD

MA

(cd

maO

ne)

●G

SM

ww

w.n

msc

om

mun

icat

ions

.com

D-AMPS (usually called “TDMA”) & PDC

�IS

-54

/ IS

-136

sta

ndar

ds in

US

TIA

●S

peec

h co

ded

as d

igita

l bit

stre

am; a

ggre

ssiv

e co

mpr

essi

on li

mits

voi

ce q

ualit

y●

Dev

elop

men

t thr

ough

198

0s; b

akeo

ff 19

87●

Dep

loye

d 19

93 (

PD

C 1

994)

�A

TT

Wire

less

& C

ingu

lar

used

D-A

MP

S in

itial

ly●

Mig

rate

d to

GS

M;

D-A

MP

sno

w la

rgel

y re

tired

�P

DC

dom

inan

t 2G

cel

lula

r sy

stem

in J

apan

●M

igra

tion

to 3

GS

M (

W-C

DM

A, …

) w

ell a

dvan

ced;

PD

C

likel

y to

be

phas

ed o

ut in

200

9-20

10

ww

w.n

msc

om

mun

icat

ions

.com

iDEN(primary user was Nextel)

�M

otor

ola

prop

rieta

ry s

yste

m●

time

divi

sion

mul

tiple

acc

ess

tech

nolo

gy; b

ased

on

GS

M

arch

itect

ure

�80

0 M

Hz

priv

ate

mob

ile r

adio

(P

MR

) sp

ectr

um●

just

bel

ow 8

00 M

Hz

cellu

lar

band

�S

peci

al p

roto

col s

uppo

rts

fast

“P

ush-

to-T

alk”

●di

gita

l rep

lace

men

t for

old

PM

R s

ervi

ces

�N

exte

l had

hig

hest

AP

RU

in U

S m

arke

t due

to

“Dire

ct C

onne

ct”

push

-to-

talk

ser

vice

ww

w.n

msc

om

mun

icat

ions

.com

DECT and PHS

�A

lso

uses

tim

e di

visi

on m

ultip

le a

cces

s �

Dig

ital E

urop

ean

Cor

dles

s T

elep

hony

●fo

cus

on b

usin

ess

use,

i.e.

wire

less

PB

X●

very

sm

all c

ells

(in

bui

ldin

g)●

wid

e ba

ndw

idth

(32

Kbp

s ch

anne

ls)

●hi

gh q

ualit

y vo

ice

and/

or IS

DN

dat

a

�P

erso

nal H

andi

phon

eS

ervi

ce●

Sim

ilar

tech

nolo

gy, b

ut h

igh

dens

ity u

rban

dep

loym

ents

●4

chan

nel b

ase

stat

ion

uses

one

ISD

N B

RI l

ine

●le

gacy

in J

apan

; stil

l wid

ely

depl

oyed

in C

hina

toda

y

ww

w.n

msc

om

mun

icat

ions

.com

2G “CDMA”(cdmaOne)

�C

ode

Div

isio

n M

ultip

le A

cces

s●

all u

sers

sha

re s

ame

freq

uenc

y ba

nd●

disc

usse

d in

det

ail l

ater

as

CD

MA

is b

asis

for

3G

�Q

ualc

omm

dem

o in

198

9●

clai

med

impr

oved

cap

acity

& s

impl

ified

pla

nnin

g

�F

irst d

eplo

ymen

t in

Hon

g K

ong

late

199

4�

Maj

or s

ucce

ss in

Kor

ea (

1M s

ubs

by 1

996)

�A

dopt

ed b

y V

eriz

on a

nd S

prin

t in

US

�E

asy

mig

ratio

n to

3G

(sa

me

mod

ulat

ion)

ww

w.n

msc

om

mun

icat

ions

.com

2G “CDMA”(cdmaOne)

�T

IA s

tand

ard

IS-9

5 (A

NS

I-95

) in

199

3�

IS-9

5 de

ploy

ed in

the

800

MH

z ce

llula

r ba

nd●

J-S

TD

-08

varia

nt d

eplo

yed

in 1

900

MH

z U

S “

PC

S”

band

�E

volu

tion

fixes

bug

s an

d ad

ds d

ata

●IS

-95A

pro

vide

s da

ta r

ates

up

to 1

4.4

kbps

●IS

-95B

pro

vide

s ra

tes

up to

64

kbps

(2.

5G)

●B

oth

A a

nd B

are

com

patib

le w

ith J

-ST

D-0

8.

�A

ll va

riant

s de

sign

ed fo

r T

IA IS

-41

core

net

wor

ks

(AN

SI 4

1)

ww

w.n

msc

om

mun

icat

ions

.com

GSM –

Global System for Mobile

�O

rigin

ally

“G

roup

eS

péci

alM

obile

”●

join

t Eur

opea

n ef

fort

beg

inni

ng in

198

2 fo

cuse

d on

sea

mle

ss r

oam

ing

acro

ss E

urop

e

�S

ervi

ces

laun

ched

199

1●

time

divi

sion

mul

tiple

acc

ess

(8 u

sers

per

200

KH

z)

●90

0 M

Hz

band

; lat

er e

xten

ded

to 1

800

MH

z; th

en 1

900

MH

z●

Qua

d-ba

nd “

wor

ld p

hone

s”su

ppor

t 850

/900

/180

0/19

00 M

Hz

�G

SM

–do

min

ant w

orld

sta

ndar

d to

day

●w

ell d

efin

ed in

terf

aces

; m

any

com

petit

ors;

low

est c

ost t

o de

plo

y

●ne

twor

k ef

fect

(M

etca

lfe’s

law

) to

ok h

old

in la

te 1

990s

ww

w.n

msc

om

mun

icat

ions

.com

Distribution of GSM Subscribers

�G

SM

isus

edby

81%

of s

ubsc

riber

sw

orld

wid

e●

GS

M p

lus

3GS

M a

ccou

nts

for

88%

of a

ll m

obile

sub

scrip

tions

�A

sia

dom

inat

esw

ith42

% o

f all

mob

ile s

ubsc

riptio

ns●

AT

T &

T-M

obile

US

A u

se G

SM

/3G

SM

in U

S to

day

Sou

rce:

Wire

less

Inte

llige

nce

/ GS

M A

ssoc

iatio

n

GS

M S

ubsc

riber

s

ww

w.n

msc

om

mun

icat

ions

.com

1G, 2G, 3G M

ulti-Access Technologies

Cou

rtes

y of

Pet

ri P

ossi

, UM

TS

Wor

ld

3.5G

, 4G

and

futu

re w

irele

ss s

yste

ms

optim

ize

aco

mbi

natio

n of

freq

uenc

y, ti

me

and

code

mul

tiple

xing

ww

w.n

msc

om

mun

icat

ions

.com

1G –

Separate Frequencies

30 K

Hz

30 K

Hz

30 K

Hz

30 K

Hz

30 K

Hz

30 K

Hz

30 K

Hz

30 K

Hz

Frequency

FD

MA

-F

requ

ency

Div

isio

n M

ultip

le A

cces

s

ww

w.n

msc

om

mun

icat

ions

.com

2G –

Tim

e Division M

ultiple Access (TDMA)

Frequency

Tim

e

200

KH

z

200

KH

z

200

KH

z

200

KH

z

One

tim

eslo

t = 0

.577

ms

One

TD

MA

fram

e =

8 tim

eslo

ts

ww

w.n

msc

om

mun

icat

ions

.com

2G & 3G –

Code Division M

ultiple Access

�S

prea

d sp

ectr

um m

odul

atio

n●

orig

inal

ly d

evel

oped

for

the

mili

tary

●re

sist

s ja

mm

ing

and

man

y ki

nds

of in

terf

eren

ce●

code

d m

odul

atio

n hi

dden

from

thos

e w

/o th

e co

de

�A

ll us

ers

shar

e sa

me

(larg

e) b

lock

of s

pect

rum

●on

e fo

r on

e fr

eque

ncy

reus

e●

soft

hand

offs

pos

sibl

e

�A

ll 3G

rad

io s

tand

ards

bas

ed o

n C

DM

A●

CD

MA

2000

, W-C

DM

A a

nd T

D-S

CD

MA

ww

w.n

msc

om

mun

icat

ions

.com

Cou

rtes

y of

Sur

esh

Goy

al&

Ric

h H

owar

d

ww

w.n

msc

om

mun

icat

ions

.com

IMT-2000 Vision (from 1992) included

LAN, WAN and Satellite Services

Sat

ellit

e

Mac

roce

llM

icro

cellU

rban

In-B

uild

ing

Pic

ocel

l

Glo

bal

Sub

urba

n

Bas

ic T

erm

inal

PD

A T

erm

inal

Aud

io/V

isua

l Ter

min

al

ww

w.n

msc

om

mun

icat

ions

.com

The 3G Vision

�U

nive

rsal

glo

bal r

oam

ing

(1 s

tand

ard,

not

7)

●3G

SM

lead

s, b

ut w

ith C

DM

A 2

000

&

Chi

na T

D-S

CD

MA

�M

ultim

edia

(vo

ice,

dat

a &

vid

eo)

�In

crea

sed

data

rat

es (

384

Kbp

s to

? M

bps)

�In

crea

sed

capa

city

(m

ore

spec

tral

ly e

ffici

ent)

�D

ata-

cent

ric a

rchi

tect

ure

(AT

M a

t firs

t, th

en IP

)

But

dep

loym

ent t

ook

long

er th

an e

xpec

ted

●N

o ki

ller

data

app

; ne

w s

pect

rum

cos

tly;

tele

com

bub

ble

burs

t; m

uch

of th

e vi

sion

was

ven

dor-

driv

en

ww

w.n

msc

om

mun

icat

ions

.com

Original GSM substantially enhanced

�W

idel

y de

ploy

ed s

o si

gnifi

cant

pay

back

for

enha

ncem

ents

�

Fre

quen

cy h

oppi

ng (

to o

verc

ome

fadi

ng)

�S

ynch

roni

zatio

n be

twee

n ce

lls (

min

imiz

e in

terf

eren

ce)

●D

FC

A: d

ynam

ic fr

eque

ncy

and

chan

nel a

ssig

nmen

t

●A

lso

used

to d

eter

min

e m

obile

’s lo

catio

n

�A

MR

: A

dapt

ive

mul

ti-ra

te v

ocod

er●

trad

e of

f spe

ech

and

erro

r co

rrec

tion

bits

for

few

er d

ropp

ed c

alls

●8

codi

ng r

ates

: 12.

2, 1

0.2,

7.9

5, 7

.4, 6

.7, 5

.9, 5

.15

& 4

.75

bps,

plu

s si

lenc

e fr

ames

(ne

ar 0

bps

)

●dy

nam

ical

ly a

djus

t to

radi

o in

terf

eren

ce c

ondi

tions

ww

w.n

msc

om

mun

icat

ions

.com

GSM enhancements (continued)

�D

TX

–di

scon

tinuo

us tr

ansm

issi

on●

less

inte

rfer

ence

(ap

proa

ch 0

bps

dur

ing

sile

nces

)●

mor

e ca

lls p

er c

ell

�O

verla

ys w

ith r

euse

par

tioni

ng●

3x in

ove

rlay

(cel

l edg

es);

1x

reus

e in

und

erla

y

�H

SC

SD

-hi

gh s

peed

circ

uit-

switc

hed

data

●ag

greg

ate

chan

nels

to s

urpa

ss 9

.6 K

bps

limit

(→64

k)

�G

PR

S -

gene

ral p

acke

t rad

io s

ervi

ce

ww

w.n

msc

om

mun

icat

ions

.com

GPRS -2.5G for GSM

�G

ener

al p

acke

t rad

io s

ervi

ce●

first

intr

oduc

tion

of p

acke

t tec

hnol

ogy

�A

ggre

gate

rad

io c

hann

els

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Typical 2G M

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Separation of Signaling & Transport

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…

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CH

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Signalingin Core

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hent

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su

pple

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ser

vice

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MS

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catio

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for

mob

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man

agem

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LR: h

ome

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ster

has

perm

anen

t dat

a●

VLR

: vis

itor

loca

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regi

ster

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cal c

opy

for

roam

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PSTN-to-M

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P)

(SC

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PS

TN

PLM

N

(SS

P)

(SS

P)

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S

PLM

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itor)

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g In

fo

3P

rovi

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4

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1

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514

581

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CA

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BS

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BT

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Sta

tion

BS

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Sta

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tatio

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etw

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b-S

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Reg

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Hom

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Aut

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ver

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GSM 2G Architecture

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TS

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PS

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S

AE

CD

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H

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2.5G/3G Adds IP Data –

voice unchanged

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SS

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BT

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Pac

ket

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SG

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GG

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S (

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EDGE

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nhan

ced

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ara

tes

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volu

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crea

sed

data

rat

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SM

com

patib

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●st

ill 2

00 K

Hz

band

s; s

till T

DM

A●

8-P

SK

mod

ulat

ion:

3 b

its/s

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l giv

e 3X

dat

a ra

te●

shor

ter

rang

e (m

ore

sens

itive

to n

oise

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rfer

ence

)

�M

igra

tion

path

: IS

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TD

MA

to G

SM

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AIT

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SM

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SI-

136

inte

rope

rabi

lity

team

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llow

ed o

pera

tors

like

AT

&T

and

Cin

gula

r to

mig

rate

to

GS

M/E

DG

E u

sing

an

evol

ved

AN

SI-

41 c

ore

netw

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3G Partnership Project (3GPP)

Def

ines

mig

ratio

n fr

om G

SM

to U

MT

S/ 3

GS

M

Rel

ease

Spe

cs

com

plet

eF

irst

depl

oyed

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or n

ew fe

atur

es d

efin

ed

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st p

urel

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GS

M r

elea

se

991Q

200

020

03W

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MA

air

inte

rfac

e

42Q

200

120

04S

ofts

witc

hing

IP in

cor

e ne

twor

k

51Q

200

220

06H

SD

PA

& IP

Mul

timed

ia S

yste

m (

IMS

)

64Q

200

420

07H

SU

PA

, MB

MS

, GA

N, P

oC&

WLA

N in

tegr

atio

n

74Q

200

7fu

ture

HS

PA

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r la

tenc

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QoS

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VoI

P

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2009

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ture

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IP

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DM

A –

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SxP

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Hig

h S

peed

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Pac

ket A

cces

sM

BM

S –

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timed

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road

cast

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ticas

t Ser

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GA

N –

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wor

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lar

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new

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inte

rfac

e ba

sed

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FD

N m

odul

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n

ww

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3G rel99 Architecture (UMTS) S

S7

IP

BT

S

BS

CM

SC

VLR

HLR

AuC

GM

SC

BS

S

SG

SN

GG

SN

PS

TN

PS

DN

CN

CD

Gc

Gr

Gn

Gi

Abi

s

Gs

B

H

BS

S B

ase

Sta

tio

n S

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m

BT

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Tra

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RN

S R

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wo

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Reg

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ver

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3G rel4 Architecture (UMTS)-Soft Switching

SS

7 IP/A

TM

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S

BS

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Ser

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Mc

AT

M

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3GPP rel5 Architecture -IP M

ultim

edia

Gb/

IuP

S

A/Iu

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SS

7 IP/A

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BS

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ver

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HS

SA

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ver

BS

S

SG

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Gi

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B

H

IM I

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ult

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edia

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CS

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3GPP2 Defines IS-41 Evolution

�3r

d G

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atio

n P

artn

ersh

ip P

roje

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Tw

o”●

Evo

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IS-4

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“al

l IP

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ore

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skip

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TM

sta

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not

an

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ster

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oal o

f ulti

mat

e m

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r (3

GP

P +

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PP

2) r

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RT

T –

IP p

acke

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port

(lik

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PR

S)

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EV

DO

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volu

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data

-opt

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1xE

VD

V –

aban

done

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3x –

Trip

les

radi

o da

ta r

ates

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road

band

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MB

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3.5

G/4

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NextGenNetw

orks (NGN) Converging

�3G

PP

2 —

CD

MA

2000

mul

ti-m

edia

dom

ain

(MM

D)

base

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3G

PP

IMS

R5

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ISP

AN

—ev

olve

s N

GN

arc

hite

ctur

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r fix

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PP

IMS

�IT

U-T

NG

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mak

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ISP

AN

NG

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glo

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pec

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TIS

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ocus

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form

ally

col

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TS

I as

of A

pril

2005

�P

acke

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elea

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alig

ning

with

por

tions

of 3

GP

P

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

3GP

P R

elea

se 4

3GP

P IM

S R

53G

PP

IMS

R6

TIS

PA

N R

13G

PP

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MD

ITU

-T N

GN

FG

AT

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GN

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ket C

able

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3GP

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S R

7�

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IMS / NGN Vision

�O

ne c

ore

netw

ork

for

“any

acc

ess”

●B

ased

on

IP●

Wire

line

and

wire

less

tran

spar

ency

●B

ased

on

IET

F s

tand

ards

, with

ext

ensi

ons

�A

cces

s an

d ba

ndw

idth

will

be

com

mod

ities

; se

rvic

es a

re th

e di

ffere

ntia

tor

●P

er-s

essi

on c

ontr

ol s

uppo

rts

per-

appl

icat

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qual

ity o

f se

rvic

e (Q

oS)

guar

ante

es a

nd p

er-a

pplic

atio

n bi

lling

�V

oice

is ju

st a

pplic

atio

n●

“Eas

ily”

inte

grat

ed w

ith o

ther

app

licat

ions

…

ww

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mun

icat

ions

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IMS Story: Convergence

Source: Team Analysis, Lucent

Tra

ditio

nal S

ervi

ces

TV Caller ID

Phone Tools

Push to Talk

Wireline

Packet

Cable

Wireless

Wifi

WiM

ax

OSS/ BSS

Access

Delivery

Media

Functions

Subscriber

Data

Application

OSS/ BSS

Access

Delivery

Media

Functions

Subscriber

Data

Application

OSS/ BSSAccess

Delivery

Media

Functions

Subscriber

Data

Application

IMS

Ser

vice

s

Subscriber D

ata

Media Functions

IP M

ultim

edia Subsyste

mIP M

ultim

edia Subsyste

m

OSS/ BSS

Application

Application

Application

TV Caller ID

Phone Tools

Push to Talk

Wireline

Packet

Cable

Wireless

Wifi

WiM

ax

ww

w.n

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om

mun

icat

ions

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IMS / NGN Value Proposition

�G

ener

ate

new

rev

enue

from

new

ser

vice

s●

Per

-ses

sion

con

trol

allo

ws

IMS

to g

uara

ntee

QoS

for

each

IP s

essi

on, a

nd e

nabl

es d

iffe

ren

tial

bill

ing

for

appl

icat

ions

& c

onte

nt

�R

educ

e ca

pita

l spe

ndin

g●

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verg

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l ser

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com

mon

infr

astr

uctu

re●

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us li

mite

d re

sour

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on c

ore

com

pete

ncie

s

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mun

icat

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3GPP R7/TISPAN IMS Architecture

ww

w.n

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om

mun

icat

ions

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IMS Session (i.e. Call) Control

ww

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So far, only for New Applications !

�M

ost m

ajor

mob

ile o

pera

tors

hav

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ploy

ed a

SIP

in

fras

truc

ture

of s

ome

sort

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SC

Fs

per

stric

t IM

S o

r ot

herw

ise

●In

use

for

new

app

licat

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like

Pus

h to

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TT

)

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ixed

ope

rato

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ovin

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sof

tsw

itche

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r co

nven

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l voi

ce, b

ut�

Mob

ile v

oice

cal

ls s

till u

se c

ircui

t sw

itchi

ng

ww

w.n

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om

mun

icat

ions

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Long Term

Parallels: IN & IMS

Inte

llige

nt N

etw

ork

––IP

Mul

timed

ia S

yste

m

�F

ree

oper

ator

s fr

om e

quip

men

t pro

vide

r lo

ck-in

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epar

ate

appl

icat

ions

from

bas

ic c

all c

ontr

ol�

Ope

n pr

otoc

ols

and

AP

Is fo

r ap

plic

atio

ns

Intelligent Netw

ork Application Successes

�F

reeP

hone

, Mob

ile (

HLR

), P

re-p

aid,

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10 y

ear

sum

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idel

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Wireless Tutorial

�H

isto

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of M

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etw

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Arc

hite

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volv

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s�

App

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and

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s M

odel

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ated

tech

nolo

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ssue

s an

d F

utur

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w.n

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icat

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Mobile Service Revenues

�>

$80

0 bi

llion

in 2

007,

gro

win

g 6%

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per

yea

r●

> $

1 tr

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12

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ser

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min

ate:

81%

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MS

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voic

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tioR

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w.n

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Imag

es c

ourt

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on S

tern

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w.n

msc

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Non-Voice M

obile Services

�S

MS

; M

ultim

edia

Mes

sage

Ser

vice

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MS

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3G-3

24M

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�Lo

catio

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sed

serv

ices

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Ric

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ce (

inst

ant m

essa

ging

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Fix

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con

verg

ence

(F

MC

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IP M

ultim

edia

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vice

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/ QoS

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harin

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ver

IP)

�C

onve

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the

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icat

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BT

SB

SC

MS

CV

LR

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S-I

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SC

A

E

C

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Short M

essage Service (SMS)

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oint

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text

mes

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ser

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tem

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SC

sto

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and-

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ntity

SM

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Del

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T)

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SC

MS

SMS Transport

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MS

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a m

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S

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form

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et o

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priv

ate

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icat

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Multim

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Message Service Principles

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on-r

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ext;

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age,

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NG

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ideo

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with

mul

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logi

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AP

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term

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edia

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●m

edia

type

con

vers

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x to

imag

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●S

MS

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rmin

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ter-

wor

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MMS Principles(continued)

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uppo

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trea

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TP

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SP

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MMS Architecture

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N

HLR

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MM

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MM

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PD

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SM

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3G-324M Video Services

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ses

3G d

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band

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/o IM

S o

r IP

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vera

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high

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MR

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tera

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oice

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ideo

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pons

e●

MS

to M

S;

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tern

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eway

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to/fr

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Inte

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Voi

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Vid

eo R

espo

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VR

)

ww

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msc

om

mun

icat

ions

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Gateway: 3G-324M to M

PEG4 over RTP

Par

alle

l RT

P s

trea

ms

over

IP n

etw

ork

to v

ideo

ser

ver

Gat

eway

app

licat

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/ O

A&

M

IP I/F

PS

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RT

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