basic forms of communication

Basic forms of Com.

BY Prof.

Kamlesh Joshi

Basic forms of communication

• Verbal communication: 1. Oral 2. Written

• Non verbal communication:• Sign language• Body language• Para language• Space, Surrounding, Time• Silence

Basic Forms of communication

Verbal communication

• Oral communication:• Advantages of oral communication.• Situation for oral communication.• Disadvantages for oral communication.• Elements / Essentials to make an effective oral comm.

Oral communication

• Advantages of oral communication:• Immediate feedback• Time saving• Economical• Personal touch • Flexibility• Secrecy• Immediate clarification• Group communication

Oral communication

• Situations for oral communication:• Face to face. Gesture, Voice, Posture.• Public speech.• Telephone / mobile.• Presentation.• Radio.• Interview.• Grapevine.• Meeting.

Oral communication

• Disadvantages:• Poor retention• No record• Time consuming• Misunderstanding• Lengthy messages• Lack of responsibility• Imprecise• Distance factor

Oral communication• Elements / Essentials to make an effective

oral com:• Clarity• Brevity• Precision• Right words• Avoid hackneyed phrases & cliches• Understand listener• Natural voice• Logical sequence• Conviction• Seven C’s

Verbal communication

• Written communication:• Characteristics

• Situation

• Advantages

• Disadvantages

Written communication

• Characteristics:• Creative & conscious activity

• Time consuming

• Lack of continuity

• Demands precision

• Length of message

Written communication

• Situation:• Memorandum• Notice• Telegram• Telex• Circular• Minutes• Letter

Written communication

• Advantages:

• Wide access - Precision & accuracy• Repeated reference - Mechanical efficiency• Helps in control - Permanent record• Legal evidence - Lengthy messages• Fixed responsibility - Convenience

Written communication

• Disadvantages:• Time consuming• Costly• Lack of secrecy• Rigidity• Impersonal• Delayed feedback• Delayed clarification

Non Verbal Communicationa glance through a video…!!

Non Verbal Communication

• Sign language:

• Audio signals ( Sound ).

• Visual signals.

• Advantages of visual

signals.

• Audio – visual

communication.

• Disadvantages of sign language.

Sign language

• Audio (Sound) signals.

• Drum beating, fire alarm,

buzzer, clock alarm,

an electric bell, etc.

• Convey the message very

quickly (hooting of siren).

• Useful for time management.

Sign language

• Visual signals:

• Facial expressions,

printed pictures, posters,

slides, film, cartoons, maps,

flags, flowers etc.

• No words are uttered, no signs are made and yet the message get across effectively. visual communication alone is not always enough, but can be useful to communicate very simple ideas.

Sign language• Advantages of visual signals.• Convey the message very

easily and economically.• Make the communication

interesting and motivating.• Reflects the mental make

up and cultural back ground of the communicator.

• Useful for informing and educating illiterate people.

• Effective means of advertisement.

Sign language

• Audio – visual communication:• Combination of sight and sound.

• Useful for oral & written words.

• Powerful medium of communication on cinema screen and video tapes.

• Most suitable for mass publicity.

Sign language• Disadvantages of sign

language:• A great amount of skill

and effort is required to draw effective pictures and cartoons or poster.

• Only simple and elementary ideas can be communicated.

• Only a supplement to verbal communication.

• It may be misunderstood some times.• On the spot correction is not possible.

Non Verbal Communication• Body language:(kinesics)

Face .• Head.• Eyes.

• Gesture. movements of

body parts.

• Body shape & posture. standing or sitting erect, leaning

forward or backward.

Non Verbal Com.

Body language

Confidence

Defensiveness

Openness

Cooperation

Body shape & posture

Non Verbal Communication

• Para language: (like a language)

• The non-verbal aspects of the spoken words known as Para language.

• It includes the quality

of the voice, sound,

accent, stress.

• Voice.

• Word stress.

• Advantages.

• Disadvantages.

Para language

• Voice:• Speaking speed.

• Pitch variation.

• Volume variation.

• Pause.

• Space-fillers

(ah, oh, ok, you see.)

Para language

• Word stress:• Are you going to the temple ?

• Are you going to the temple ?

• Are you going to the temple ?

Para language• Advantages:• No oral communication is complete

without para language.• Speaker’s education background can be known.• Indicates person’s place in hierarchical structure.• Knowledge of para language helps in dealing with others.• Para language can be improved by

listening to good speaker.

Para language

• Disadvantages:

• Para language is like a language but not the language. Can’t be relied fully.

• Unless the listener is open minded, it may prejudice him.

• As speakers belong to different speech communities, uniformity becomes difficult.

Non Verbal Communication

• Space (Proxemics) :

• Intimate.

• Personal.

• Social.

• Public.

Space (Proxemics) :

• Intimate space language. • Space of 18 inches.• Suitable for body language.• Family members, relatives,

close friends enter in this zone.• Suitable for highly confidential

talks.• Hand shakes, a pat on back, eye contact etc.

are commonly used in this zone.

• Personal space language:• Space extends from 18 inches to 4 feet.• Normal conversation with close friends

and colleagues.• Is largely personal

but relaxed, casual.• Important decisions can be taken.

Space (Proxemics) :

Space (Proxemics) :

• Social space language:• Space is from 4 feet to 12 feet.

• For formal and official relationship. Most of the business communication is in this zone.

• Is done by reason and planning than emotions and feelings.

Space (Proxemics) :

• Public space language:• Extends beyond 12 feet.

• Is highly formal and objective.

• Public announcements, election rallies etc.

• High pitch of voice is used for larger group.

Non Verbal Communication

• Surroundings:• Colours.• Layout and Design.• Time language.• Time saving devices in office.• Silence.• Disapproval, anger, lack of interest• Pause before and after speech.

Questions??