absorption chiller (2017) Decarbonizing the Cooling ... · Absorption cooling cycle reduces carbon...

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(C)2019 Johnson Controls Building Efficiency Japan

German-Japanese Environment and Energy Dialogue Forum (29/30 October 2019, Tokyo)

30 October 2019

Johnson Controls Building Efficiency Japan

Tatsuo Fujii

Decarbonizing the Cooling: Progress in Heat-Driven Absorption Cooling Cycle

Absorption heat pump (2006)Low-temp. driven

absorption chiller (2017)

2 (C)2019 Johnson Controls Building Efficiency Japan2

Contents 目次

１．Introduction

２．1st example; Absorption Heat pump

３．2nd example; Double-Lift Absorption Chiller

４．Temperature enhancement of absorption chillers

５．Conclusions

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Summary of Absorption Cooling Cycle

Absorption Chiller

Chilled water

Electrical Chiller

Chilled water

Electricity

Fossil Fuel

Waste Heat

Absorption chillers use Heat as their driving energy,

in contrast to electrical (vapour compression) chillers.

(Heat driven)

M

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How can we reduce carbon by absorption heat pumps and chillers ?

A) Replace combustion boiler with absorption heat pump

B) Replace electrical chiller with heat-driven absorption chiller

Replace Flashtank

137°C

133°C

Steam

Absorption heat pump

Fossil

fuel 90°C

Power plantElectricity

Combustion boiler

Absorption chiller

90°C

Chilled waterReplace

Heat source

Heat source

CO2

emission

CO2

emission

M

Chilled water

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Target sector of Absorption Cooling Cycle

Considering its capacity, we set the target sector as;

A) Industrial sector

B) Commercial sector

A: Waste heat from production process

B: Waste heat from distributed micro power plants, etc.

http://www.thermat.jp/english/

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1st example; Absorption Heat pump (1)

Absorption Heat pump for Alcohol Distillery

Specification

Absorption Heat Pump

(Temperature boost type)

Item Attribution

2,475kW

107°C / 112°C

Heat. capacity

Hot water *

Cooling water * 25°C/ 30.5°C

Heat source 78°C EtOH

Electricity 24kW

Efficiency(COP) 0.45

* Inlet / outlet

Available Capacity:

150kW～6000kW

Estimated decarbonizing is 13,000 tons of CO2 / year.

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1st example; Absorption Heat pump (2)

System flow of the Alcohol Distillery with Absorption Heat Pump

Absorption Heat pump

(Output: 2,475 kW)

Material

(Alcohol)

112°C

107°C

Rectifying columns

Steam

Cooling

waterEthanol vapor (78°C)

25°C

30.5°C

Next

process 112°C

(Heat source)

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2nd example; Double-Lift Absorption Chiller(1)(Development as a member of “TherMAT”)

Toward utilizing lower temperature unused heat.

Current status of driving temperature of absorption chillers

Hot Water Driven

Absorption Chiller

Temp.: 70°C 90°C 120°C 150°C 180°C~

Direct fired Absorption

Chiller/Heater

Steam Driven

Absorption Chiller

High temp. drivenLow temp. driven

Target

temperature

range

(75°C)

Lower temperature

heat source

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2nd example; Double-Lift Absorption Chiller(2)(Development history)

2013 : TherMAT project started

2014 : Experimental proof of 60°C driven

cooling (delivering 7°C chilled water)

2015 : 60°C driven Prototype

+ Wide hot water temperature

difference (89-53°C) operation

2016 : Final prototype test (next page)

2017 May : Press release FROM NEDO

Presented at IEA heat pump

conference (Rotterdam)

2018 Mar. :Graduated from TherMAT

2018 : 1st acceptance of order

2019 : 1st shipment

0°C output model became available

5 y

ears

su

pp

ort

by N

ED

O

Capacity: 140kW

Capacity: 10kW

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Single-Effect Double-Lift Absorption Chiller “DXS”The newly developed in “TherMAT” project

According to market research, heat recovery by

wide temperature difference was found to fit market demand.

We have developed “DXS” model with 44°C heat recovery.

TYPE DXS

Cooling capacity kW 176 ～ 4,395

Region EU Asia

Chilled

water

Inlet °C 12 13

Outlet °C 7 8

Cooling

water

Inlet °C 27 31

Outlet °C 33 36.5

Heat source

hot water

Inlet °C 95 95

Outlet °C 51 55

COP (Heat efficiency) 0.72 0.70“50DXS” (Capacity: 176kW)

Specifications

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Example of expected application of “DXS”

Hot water network

Chilled water loopIndustrial

waste heat,

Power plant

Absorption chiller (DXS)Hot water

demand

Gas-enginepower generator

(CHP)

Commercial demand

Low temperature driven absorption chillers “DXS” are expected to

be used in district heat, solar system and distributed energy

systems.

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Temperature enhancement of absorption chillers

Outlet temperature of absorption chillers is now going lower,

thus progress waste heat utilization and reduce electricity.

Refrigeration Cold Storage Air-Conditioning

Outlet Temp.

−5℃ 0℃ 4℃ 7℃

Process of food

product

Developed System Conventional SystemTo be developed…

Commercial

space cooling

“DXS”:

Supplies

4°C chilled

water

“DXS-L”:

Supplies

0°C chilled

water

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Conclusions

Absorption cooling cycle reduces carbon emission by

replacing combustion boilers and electrical chillers.

1) Absorption heat pumps replace combustion boilers

by using some 80~90°C unused heat.

2) Low temperature driven absorption chillers recover

unused heat down to 51°C. This new system was

developed in TherMAT project in 2013-2017.

3) We expect this new chillers to be used for urban hot

water networks especially in summer.

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Thank you for attention…. !

Johnson Controls Building Efficiency Japan

Tatsuo Fujii

30 Oct. 2019Decarbonizing the Cooling: Progress in Heat-Driven Absorption Cooling Cycle

https://www.jci-hitachi.com/jp/products/chillers

http://www.york.com/absorption-chillers