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REINFORCED CONCRETE WOR
Areas of Reinforcement
Links in Beams
Ultimate Anchorage and Laps
Spacing of Longitudinal Bars
CONTENTS
Bends and Hooks
Minimum and Maximum Reinforce
Notes
About
Mesh Reinforcement
2000 Chris Buczkowski
THIS IS AN UN
Anchorage bond stress design
Minimum radius of bends
ColumnsBeamsSlabsWalls
FOR MICROSOFT EXCEL
Other spreadsheets:BAR SCHEDULE FOR EXCEL 97
Bar Schedule for Excel 97 is a spreadsheet for the schedulingof steel for the reinforcement of concrete. The spreadsheet hasbeen developed to comply with BS 4466 : 1989 andAmendment No. 1 published 28 February 1990.
The aim of the spreadsheet is to reduce the time taken toproduce a bar schedule, reduce arithmetical errors, reducescheduling errors, increase compliance with the BSI specifiedformat for bar scheduling and, eventually, become the basis forelectronic data interchange.
The latest version of Bar Schedule may be downloaded from :http://www.structural-engineering.fsnet.co.uk
Other spreadsheets:WIND DESIGN WORKBOOKThis spreadsheet implements the full Standard Method ofcalculating wind loads for buildings in accordance with BS 6399: Part 2 : 1997. This method is suitable for buildings up to 100mhigh. The workbook contains spreadsheets which can beprinted as complete calculation pages. It also containsspreadsheets which can be used as design aids, useful forhand calculations or checking designs. For Engineers new tothe code, the spreadsheet can prove an invaluable teaching aid.
Registration details
FREE SPREINFOR
An interactive sheet for detc
ISSA must for every offi
document/drawing issue syour co
The latest versionshttp://www.structur
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The latest version of Wind Design Workbook may bedownloaded from :http://www.structural-engineering.fsnet.co.uk
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BOOK
ent
EGISTERED COPY
Version 1.0
Click on a item
EADSHEETS !!EMENT AREASrmining areas of reinforcement for
oncrete.
E SHEETe, a simple but presentableheet that can be customised with
pany's name.may be downloaded from :al-engineering.fsnet.co.uk
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Steel Reinforcement Areas
Cross sectional area of number of bars (mm)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
6 28 57 85 113 141 170 198 226 254
8 50 101 151 201 251 302 352 402 452
10 79 157 236 314 393 471 550 628 707
12 113 226 339 452 565 679 792 905 1018
16 201 402 603 804 1005 1206 1407 1608 1810
20 314 628 942 1257 1571 1885 2199 2513 2827
25 491 982 1473 1963 2454 2945 3436 3927 4418
32 804 1608 2413 3217 4021 4825 5630 6434 7238
40 1257 2513 3770 5027 6283 7540 8796 10053 11310
50 1963 3927 5890 7854 9817 11781 13744 15708 17671
Cross sectional area of bars per metre (mm/m)
50 75 100 125 150 175 200 225 250
6 565 377 283 226 188 162 141 126 113
8 1005 670 503 402 335 287 251 223 201
10 1571 1047 785 628 524 449 393 349 314
12 2262 1508 1131 905 754 646 565 503 452
16 4021 2681 2011 1608 1340 1149 1005 894 804
20 6283 4189 3142 2513 2094 1795 1571 1396 1257
25 9817 6545 4909 3927 3272 2805 2454 2182 1963
32 10723 8042 6434 5362 4596 4021 3574 3217
40 12566 10053 8378 7181 6283 5585 5027
50 19635 15708 13090 11220 9817 8727 7854
Cross sectional area of bars in pairs per metre (mm/m)
50 75 100 125 150 175 200 225 250
6 1131 754 565 452 377 323 283 251 226
8 2011 1340 1005 804 670 574 503 447 402
Bar Size
(mm)
Bar Spacing (mm)
Bar Size
(mm)
Number of Bars
Bar Size
(mm)
Bar Spacing (mm)
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10 3142 2094 1571 1257 1047 898 785 698 628
12 4524 3016 2262 1810 1508 1293 1131 1005 905
16 5362 4021 3217 2681 2298 2011 1787 1608
20 8378 6283 5027 4189 3590 3142 2793 2513
25 9817 7854 6545 5610 4909 4363 3927
32 12868 10723 9191 8042 7149 6434
40 16755 14362 12566 11170 10053
16
121396 12576283 4189 3142 2513 2094 1795 1571
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0
10 11 12
283 311 339
503 553 603
785 864 942
1131 1244 1357
2011 2212 2413
3142 3456 3770
4909 5400 5890
8042 8847 9651
12566 13823 15080
19635 21598 23562
2000
275 300 400
103 94 71
183 168 126
286 262 196
411 377 283
731 670 503
1142 1047 785
1785 1636 1227
2925 2681 2011
4570 4189 3142
7140 6545 4909
1200
275 300 400
206 188 141
366 335 251
Enter area (mm):
Enter area (mm):
Enter area (mm):
Home
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571 524 393
823 754 565
1462 1340 1005
2285 2094 1571
3570 3272 2454
5849 5362 4021
9139 8378 6283
1142 1047 785
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Spacing of Longitudinal Bars
Maximum distance between bars in tension
Slabs -y h
y gm % red b N/mm (mm)
N/mm steel +/- 460 200
Beams 460 1.05 0 1 152 no
Slabs 460 1.05 0 1 484
cl 3.12.11.2.4 Clear distance between bars in tension
As req As prov y gm % red b s
mm mm N/mm steel +/- N/mm
300 300 250 1.15 0 1 156 300
Minimum clear distance between bars
mm mm
bar size 25 bar size 16
aggregate size 20 aggregate size 20
spacer bar size 14 minimum distance 25
Minimum distance between
vertically spaced bars
Minimum distance between
horizontally spaced bars
clear
distance
Clear horizontal distance between bars accordingto % redistribution (mm)
Table3.28
clear
distance
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Clear spacing between barsd As 100As/bd
(mm) (mm/m)
175 550 0.31 525
further check required!
clear
distance
Note: For slabs, if % redistributionis not known, use 15% for supportsand 0% for spans.
Home
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Reinforcement Links in Beams
General Use
bv d yv m
mm mm N/mm steel
400 500 250 1.05
bar size Asv sv
mm mm mm bv
10 2 157 225 mm
375 400
Link reinforcement in beams, Asv/sv (mm/mm) 2
Spacing of Links (mm)
50 75 100 125 150 175 200 225 250
6 1.13 0.75 0.57 0.45 0.38 0.32 0.28 0.25 0.23
8 2.01 1.34 1.01 0.80 0.67 0.57 0.50 0.45 0.40
10 3.14 2.09 1.57 1.26 1.05 0.90 0.79 0.70 0.63
12 4.52 3.02 2.26 1.81 1.51 1.29 1.13 1.01 0.90
16 8.04 5.36 4.02 3.22 2.68 2.30 2.01 1.79 1.61
400
350
30
10
3
165
Special Situations
Laps with limited cover
NO
bar sizes (mm) bar sizes (mm)
smallest largest link smallest link
16 25 7 190 25 32 8 200
side cover (mm)
link bar size (mm)
max
spacing
cover
(mm)
max
spacing
Minimum links forcompression reinforcement
compression reinforcement ?
Are both lapped bars
greater than 20mm ?NO
Lateral spacing of equally
s aced le s
effective depth, d (mm)
Minim
Minimum shear links in beams
no. of
legs
max sv = 0.75d
Leg spacing OK
beam breadth, bv (mm)
no. of legs
leg spacing (mm)
Bar Size(mm)
no. of legs =
Asv=Total area of legs (mm)sv=Spacing of links (mm)
Lateral spacing of legsNo tension bar to be more thaEach alternate compression bNo compression bar to be furtrestrained bar.
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yv m Asv/sv
N/mm steel
250 1.05 0.67
0.74
275 300 400
0.21 0.19 0.14
0.37 0.34 0.25
0.57 0.52 0.39
0.82 0.75 0.57
1.46 1.34 1.01
Enter Asv/sv :
um shear links, Asv/sv
Home
n 150mm from a leg.ar to be supported by a leg.er than 150mm from a
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Ultimate Anchorage and Lap Lengths
General Use
Bar Bar size Clear Cover
location (mm) distance top/btm corner
top 25 125 30 2 2 35 1.05
btm 25 100 40 1.4 1.4 Tension anchorage &
side 40 1.4 x tension lap
2.0 x tension lap
Compression anchora
Compression lap leng
Bars Bar size
(mm)
1st bar 12
2nd bar 10
35 1.05
Tension anchorage &
1.4 x tension lap
2.0 x tension lap
Compression anchora
Compression lap leng
Special Situations
35 1.05 12 250 460 35 1.05
Tension anchorage & lap length 432 794 Tension anchorage &
1.4 x tension lap 604 1111 1.4 x tension lap
2.0 x tension lap 863 1587 2.0 x tension lap
Compression anchorage length 345 635 Compression anchora
Compression lap length 432 794 Compression lap leng
Anchorage bond stress design
Ultimate anchorage bond stress Table 3.26 Val
bond coefficient, 0.5
Anchor
Bar type
Anchorage andcu
N/mmm
steel
Anchor
cuN/mm
m
steel
Anchorage and lap lengths (mm)in beams where minimum links have not been provided
Tension lap factors Factor
Equivalent diameters
for pairs of bars (mm)
Equivalent
diameter
15.6
As
required (mm)
cuN/mm
m
steel
Bar size
mmReinforcement type
cuN/mm
m
steel
Note: Minimum laps are 15 x bar sizeor 300mm, whichever is the greater.For fabric, minimum lap is 250mm.
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strength of concrete, cu 35
Ultimate bond stress, bu 2.96
Design anchorage bond stress
Strength of reinforcement 460
safety factor for steel, gm 1.05As required (mm) 208
As provided (mm) 226
Force Fs (kN) 81.1
Anchorage length, l (mm) 600
effective bar size, e (mm) 16
bond stress, b (N/mm) 2.69
Type 2: deformed bars
Fabric
Bars in beams where minimum
links have not been provided
Plain bars
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Bars Cover
6 15
8 20
10 25
12 250 460 Fabric 12 30
lap length 432 445 342 16 35
604 623 479 20 40
863 889 684 25 45
ge length 345 353 275 32 50
th 432 441 343 40 55
50 60
any 250 460 Fabric
lap length 36 38 29
51 52 40
72 75 57
ge length 29 30 23
th 36 37 29
16 250 460 Fabric
lap length 432 445 342
604 623 479
863 889 684
ge length 345 353 275
th 432 441 343
750 1000
ues of bond coefficient
bond coefficient,
ge and lap lengths (mm)for bars not at full stress
lap lengths as multiple of bar sizeBar size
mmReinforcement type
age and lap lengths (mm)
Bar size
mmReinforcement type
As
provided (mm)
Bar size
mmReinforcement type
Home
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bars in compresssion
0.28 0.35
0.5
0.65
0.35
0.63
0.81
bars in tension
0.28
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Bends and Hooks
Minimum former radii, bend and hook allowances
bar size
d r n h r n h
6 12 100 100 18 100 100
8 16 100 100 24 100 100
10 20 100 100 30 100 110
12 24 100 110 36 100 140
16 32 100 150 48 100 180
20 40 100 180 60 110 220
25 50 130 230 100 180 350
32 64 160 290 128 230 450
40 80 200 360 160 280 560
50 100 250 450 200 350 700
Bends
bar size bar size
d y x y x d y1 x16 94 112 91 115 6 71 89
8 93 117 88 120 8 61 85
10 91 121 85 125 10 52 82
12 89 125 82 130 12 52 88
16 85 133 76 140 16 72 120
20 81 141 80 160 20 83 143
25 107 182 128 253 25 109 184
32 130 226 164 324 32 135 231
40 163 283 197 397 40 166 286
50 204 354 247 497 50 208 358
Designed Bends
Minimum radius of bends, r
m
32 75 250 1.05 30 185
Grade 250 bars Grade 460 bars
Grade 250 bars Grade 460 bars
cuN/mm
r
mm
bar size
mm
abmm
yN/mm
Grade 250 ba
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Enter grade and bar size:
460
bar size (mm) 16
Hooks
u y1 x1 u36 58 82 48
48 44 76 64
60 40 80 80
72 56 104 96
96 68 132 128
120 80 160 160
150 122 247 250
192 158 318 320
240 195 395 400
300 244 494 500
Grade 460 bars
reinforcement grade
rs
Home
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Minimum and Maximum Reinforcement
Columns Beams
width, b (mm) 300 width, b (mm)
depth, h (mm) 300 depth, h (mm)
360 4 11
5400 6 34
Maximum at laps 9000 8 38
Links in columnsbar sizes (mm) Side reinforce
smallest largest link
16 25 7 190
300 460
Laps with limited cover
Slabs
bar sizes (mm)
smallest link
25 32 8 200 width, b (mm)
depth, h (mm)
Walls
thickness, h (mm) 250
1000 10 150
10000 25 75
thickness, h (mm) 250
vertical bar size 25
750 8 125
625 10 250
Areas of reinforcementfor rectangular columns (mm)
Areasfor recta
Minimum
bar size
Minimum, (y=460)
Number
of bars
Minimum, (y=250)
Max. compression
yN/mm
max
spacing
Minimum
Maximum
Maximum tension
breadth
b
Minimum areas of
Minimum (y=250)
Minimum (y=250)
Are both lapped bars greater
than 20mm ? NO
max
spacing
cover
(mm)
Minimum (y=460)
Minimum (y=460)
Areas of vertical reinforcement (mm/m)
bar size
(mm)
Spacing
(mm)
Minimum
Maximum
Minimum areas of horizontal reinforcement
bar size
(mm)
Spacing
(mm)
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300
500
360 10 5
300 12 3
6000 32 8
6000 32 8
ent in beams
16 250
1000
225
540 10 125
293 10 250
of reinforcementgular beams (mm)
Number
of bars
bar size
(mm)
einforcement for slabs (mm)
Spacing
(mm)
bar size
(mm)
Spacing
(mm)
bar size
(mm)
Home
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Reinforcing Fabric
Main Cross Main Cross Main Cross
mm mm mm mm mm mm kg/m
Square mesh
A393 200 200 10 10 393 393 6.16
A252 200 200 8 8 252 252 3.95
A193 200 200 7 7 193 193 3.02
A142 200 200 6 6 142 142 2.22
A98 200 200 5 5 98 98 1.54
Structural mesh
B1131 100 200 12 8 1131 252 10.9
B785 100 200 10 8 785 252 8.14
B503 100 200 8 8 503 252 5.93
B385 100 200 7 7 385 193 4.53
B283 100 200 6 7 283 193 3.73
B196 100 200 5 7 196 193 3.05
Long mesh
C785 100 400 10 6 785 70.8 6.72
C636 100 400 9 6 636 70.8 5.55
C503 100 400 8 5 503 49 4.34
C385 100 400 7 5 385 49 3.41
C283 100 400 6 5 283 49 2.61
Wrapping mesh
D98 200 200 5 5 98 98 1.54
D49 100 100 2.5 2.5 49 49 0.77
Nominal
mass
BS4483
Fabric
Mesh size nominal
pitch of wires
Diameter of wire Cross section area
per metre width
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15
22
22
40
57
8
11
15
20
24
29
13
16
21
26
34
57
113
No. of
sheetsper tonne
Home
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NOTES
FOREWORD
SETUP
Screen resolution 800x600 with large fonts: 67%Screen resolution 800x600 with small fonts: 85%
Screen resolution 1024x768 with large fonts: 85%
Screen resolution 1024x768 with small fonts: 105%
KEY INFORMATION
Microsoft Excel
British Standard Specification (BSI)
Support
Registered users may obtain support for this spreadsheet from: chris_buck@biosys.net
Additional Information
Refer to the accompanying README.TXT file for additional information.
USING REINFORCED CONCRETE WORKBOOK
The following colour key is a guide to using the full calculation page spreadsheets.
Input required. 24 Remove value
Computed output Error/ Alert
Message
Clear cell contentsTo clear the contents of a cell, right click your mouse on the cell and then click Clear Con
m STEEL
BS 8110 : Part 1 : 1985 gm = 1.15
This is the partial safety factor for strength of materials for steel reinforcement. The sprea
following options to suit their particular requirements.
This spreadsheet is intended for use by reinforced concrete detailers and designers. It pr
to rapidly determine answers to the many questions that reinforced concrete design and
could be looked on as an electronic book with an index followed by pages containing ma
calculator has a specific task to perform. The Reinforced Concrete Workbook also acts a
user of the various requirements to be observed.
The concept of the workbook is that each table remains independent of the others. No ca
tables. This increases the amount of input but should speed usage as the user does not
outside of the table they are using.
This spreadsheet has been developed to comply with BS 8110 : Part 1 : 1997 and BS 44
published 28 February 1990.
This spreadsheet has been developed for use in Microsoft Excel 97 (v8.0) on the Micros
system.
This spreadsheet has been formatted using Arial, Arial Black, Symbol and Tahoma truety
been optimised for a screen resolution of 1027x768 HiColor (16 bit) using large fonts.
Use the Zoom button on the toolbar to reduce or enlarge the display to suit your compute
permanently store your new settings. Recommended zoom settings are as follows:
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BS 8110 : Part 1 : 1997 gm = 1.05
SHORT CUTS
Entering Numerical Data
Expressions may be entered in place of numbers in cells requiring numerical input. e.g.
the relevant cell. Enter the following: =4+8*3 - This expression evaluates to 28. You wi
double click on the cell or if you have the formula bar showing (go to View menu and clic
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tents.
dsheet user is provided with the
ovides the user with the means
etailing raise. This spreadsheet
y individual calculators. Each
s an aide memoir, reminding the
lculations are linked to other
ave to search for input cells
6 : 1989 and Amendment No. 1
ft Windows 95 operating
pe fonts. The spreadsheet has
r. Use the Save button to
Home
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o enter an expression, select
ill see the expression if you
Formula Bar).
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Version
Version 1.0
chris_buck@biosys.net
Copyright 2000 Chris Buczkowski. All rights reserved.
Registration UNREGISTERED COPY F
Single User Licence: 20
Company multiple-user licence: 20 per copy installed
Delivery will be by attachment to an email.
You should include your e-mail and postal address and a contact telephone number.
Also include the name you require the spreadsheet registered to (30 characters maximu
Licence for Use and Distribution
Disclaimer
Acknowledgements
Thank you to Dr Shaiq U.R. Khan BEng (Civil), MEng, PhD, PE, CEng, FIStructE for his
during the development of this software. He may be contacted by email on shaiq@techn
This spreadsheet is NOT a public domain program. It is copyrighted by the Author*. Thi
Kingdom copyright law and also by international treaty provisions. The Author grants you
evaluation purposes for an indefinite period. You may not use, copy, rent, lease, sel
disassemble, otherwise reverse engineer, or transfer this software except as providunauthorised use shall result in immediate and automatic termination of this licence. All
are reserved to the Author. You may copy and distribute the unregistered version
unaltered, without further permission. The readme.txt file must accompany copies of the
* The Author is Chris Buczkowski.
THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED FOR EVALUATION ONLY, ON AN "AS IS" BASIS. THE AUTH
RELATING TO THIS SOFTWARE, WHETHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT
WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. THE
FOR ANY INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL, OR INCIDENTAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE
SOFTWARE, EVEN IF THE AUTHOR HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SU
PERSON USING THE SOFTWARE BEARS ALL RISK AS TO THE QUALITY AND PERF
ALTHOUGH EVERY EFFORT HAS BEEN MADE TO ENSURE THE ACCURACY OF THIS PRTHE RESULTS FOR THEMSELVES.
REINFORCED CONCRETE WORKFOR MICROSOFT EXCEL
If you have comments, suggestions, bug reports or
require information, please email:
Please ensure you have the latest version of this software, which may be downloadedfrom the internet via this hyperlink : http://www.structural-engineering.fsnet.co.uk
Click the Connect button to go to the web site.
To order a registered copy, please send a cheque payable to
'C. Buczkowski' to the following address:
6 Stanhope Court, 53-55 Stanhope Road, North Finchley, LONDON N12
9DZ (Tel/fax : 020-8445 9438)
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R EVALUATION
).
ncouragement and comments
uk.com
software is protected by United
a licence to use this software for
l, modify, decompile, unprotect,
d in this agreement. Any suchights not expressly granted here
of this spreadsheet, completely
preadsheet.
R DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
NOT LIMITED TO ANY IMPLIED
UTHOR* SHALL NOT BE LIABLE
USE OR INABILITY TO USE SUCH
H DAMAGES OR CLAIMS. THE
RMANCE OF THE SOFTWARE.
GRAM, USERS SHOULD VERIFY
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