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1960s PoliticsI. IntroII. Election 1960
A. Candidates/CampaignIII. JFK (1961-63)
A. StyleB. Domestic PolicyC. Foreign Policy—CubaD. Assassination
IV. LBJA. StyleB. Domestic Policy
1. Civil Rights2. Great Society
Key Terms• New Frontier• Fidel Castro• Bay of Pigs• Cuban Missile Crisis• Civil Rights Act• Great Society
1960 Election(Results)
Kennedy
Nixon
% Popular Vote
49.7%
49.5%
Image Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.
Some Policy Successes
• Increased defense spending; created Green Beret• Sponsored Peace Corps • Expanded Space Program
New Frontier(Core of JFK’s Domestic Policy)
1. Fight poverty
2. Federal aid to education
3. Health care system for elderly
4. Civil Rights
JFK failed to obtain passage of each proposal
Bay of Pigs Invasion(April, 1961)
CIA Plan To Overthrow Castro1. US trained & equipped 1,500 Cuban exiles who
would enter Cuba & start a revolution.2. April, 1961 they landed at Bay of Pigs; it was a
complete failure.
• Pushed Castro closer to USSR
• US wanted Castro dead-Operation Mongoose
Cuban Missile Crisis(October, 1962)
• How to eliminate nuclear weapons?
• A “blockade” of Cuba was established
• US agreed: not to interfere with Cuba. USSR agreed: to withdraw nuclear weapons
• Impact: In short run it eased US-USSR tension; in long run it led to arms race
Assassination
• Fall of 1963 JFK traveled to Texas to campaign for re-election.
Walter Cronkite announces the death of President John Kennedy
Lyndon Johnson(1963-1969)
• Former Senate Majority Leader
• Successfully obtained passage of many of his (and JFK’s) proposals
(1908-1973)
Civil Rights Act(1964)
1. Outlawed discrimination in public places.
2. Outlawed job discrimination based on race & sex.
3. A commission was established to enforce this act.
Strongest civil rights legislation in almost 100 years
1964 Civil Rights Act
“…we’ve just delivered the South to the Republican party for a long time to come….”
Great Society(1965-69)
1. Economic Opportunity Act• Low-income housing,
vocational training & Headstart
2. Health care program for elderly (Medicare) & poor (Medicaid)
3. Federal funding for public education
War On Poverty
New Frontier(JFK’s Domestic Policy)
Johnson had succeeded where Kennedy had failed
1. Fight poverty
2. Federal aid to education
3. Health care system for elderly
4. Civil Rights Kennedy failed to obtain passage of each
proposal
The Great Society Evaluated
• The Great Society improved many people’s lives, but poverty was not eliminated
2007 Poverty Guidelines
Size of Family Unit
48 contiguous states & D. C.
Alaska Hawaii
1 $10,210 $12,770 $11,750
2 $13,690 $17,120 $15,750
3 $17,170 $21,470 $19,750
4 $20,650 $25,820 $23,750
5 $24,130 $30,170 $27,750
6 $27,610 $34,520 $31,750
7 $31,090 $38,870 $35,750
8 $34,570 $43,220 $39,750
Each additional
$3,480 $4,350 4,000
Consider: Minimum Wage(If one worker in a family works at minimum wage,
will they be at (100%) or below poverty line?)
Size of Family Unit% of
Poverty Line
2005 2007
1 112% 119%
2 83% 88%
3 66.5%
71%
4 55.3%
59%
5 47.4%
50%
6 41.4%
44%
1960s PoliticsI. IntroII. Election 1960
A. Candidates/CampaignIII. JFK (1961-63)
A. StyleB. Domestic PolicyC. Foreign Policy—CubaD. Assassination
IV. LBJA. StyleB. Domestic Policy
1. Civil Rights2. Great Society
Key Terms• New Frontier• Fidel Castro• Bay of Pigs• Cuban Missile Crisis• Civil Rights Act• Great Society
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