Virtual Infrastructure Overview

© 2011 VMware Inc. All rights reserved

Virtual Infrastructure Overview

Module 2

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VMware vSphere: Overview – Revision A

VMware vSphere: Overview

Course Introduction

Virtual Infrastructure Overview

Creating Virtual Machines

Allocating Resources to Business Functions

Migrating Virtual Machines

Distributing Virtual Machine Workloads

Monitoring the Virtual Datacenter

High Availability and Fault Tolerance

Extending VMware vSphere Capabilities

You Are Here

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Importance

Virtualization technology has revolutionized the computer industry by lowering capital and operational costs, providing higher service availability, and providing new data protection mechanisms. This module introduces core virtualization concepts and VMware vSphere®.

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Learner Objectives

After this lesson, you should be able to do the following:

Describe the core concepts of virtualization.

Describe the main components of vSphere.

Describe virtual network components.

Describe datastores.

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Physical Infrastructure

Fibre Channelstorage

FibreChannel

Ethernet

NFSstorage

iSCSIstorage

Network

applicationsoperating system physical host

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Virtual Infrastructure

hypervisor

VMware ESXi™ host

VMware vSphere

VMware vSphere

VMware vSphere

VMware vSphere

FibreChannel

Fibre Channelstorage

Ethernet

NFSstorage

iSCSIstorage

Network

virtual machines

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Physical Versus Virtual Architecture

virtual architecture

x86 architecture

VMware vSphere

physical architecture

x86 architecture

operating system

application

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Hypervisor device emulation

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Chipset Block Diagram

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Device Emulation – Additional Info

Чипсет Intel 440BX

http://www.ixbt.com/mainboard/440bx.html

Intel 440BX

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intel_440BX

List of Intel chipsets

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Intel_chipsets#Pentium_Pro.2FII.2FIII_chipsets

Hyper-V generation 2 virtual machines – part 1

http://blogs.technet.com/b/jhoward/archive/2013/10/24/hyper-v-generation-2-virtual-machines-part-1.aspx










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Why Use Virtual Machines?

Easy to move and copy:

Encapsulated into files

Independent of physical hardware

Easy to manage:

Isolated from other virtual machines

Insulated from hardware changes

Provides the ability to support legacy applications

Allows servers to be consolidated

Virtual machinePhysical machine

Difficult to move or copy

Bound to a specific set of hardware components

Often has a short life cycle

Requires personal contact to upgrade hardware

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Virtualization Using a Bare-Metal Hypervisor

ESXi uses a hypervisor architecture.

A bare-metal hypervisor system does not require an operating system. The hypervisor is the operating system.

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Resource Sharing

vSphere

x86 architecture

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x86 architecture

operating system

application

CPU Virtualization

virtual architecture

x86 architecture

vSphere

physical architecture

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Hypervisor Systems classification

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Full Virtualization with Binary Translation (BT)

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Hardware Assisted Virtualization / Paravirtualization

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Physical and Virtualized Host Memory Usage

physical architecture virtual architecture

x86 architecture

operating system

x86 architecture

vSphere

application

1GB 2GB 8GB

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Virtual Memory Concept

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Hypervisor Memory Virtualization

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Software Memory Virtualization (Shadow Pages)

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Second Level Address Translation (SLAT – Nested Pages)

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Hardware Virtualization – Additional Info

Understanding Full Virtualization, Paravirtualization, and Hardware Assist

http://www.vmware.com/files/pdf/VMware_paravirtualization.pdf

Update: Support for guest OS paravirtualization using VMware VMI to be retired from new products in 2010-2011

http://blogs.vmware.com/guestosguide/2009/09/vmi-retirement.html

Paravirtualization with ESX (din curiozitate, in versiunile noi lipseste)

http://www.virtuallifestyle.nl/2008/10/paravirtualization-with-esx/

Hardware Virtualization: the Nuts and Bolts

http://www.anandtech.com/show/2480/10

Hardware Virtualization; The Nuts and Bolts (Level 300)

http://www.dfisica.ubi.pt/~hgil/utils/Virtualization_Nuts.&.Bolts.html

In-depth Overview of x86 Server Virtualization Technology

http://www.cubrid.org/blog/dev-platform/x86-server-virtualization-technology/

Basics of Memory Management – Part 1

http://vmnomad.blogspot.com/2011/05/basics-of-memory-management.html

Basics of Memory Management - Part 2

http://vmnomad.blogspot.com/2011/05/basics-of-memory-management-part-2.html

Virtual Machines: Virtualizing Virtual Memory

http://corensic.wordpress.com/2011/12/05/virtual-machines-virtualizing-virtual-memory/



















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VMware ESXi vs Microsoft Hyper-V

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Hypervisor Architecture

VMware ESXi Microsoft Hyper-V

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VMware ESXi vs Microsoft Hyper-V – Additional Info

Обновленное сравнение функциональных возможностей VMware vSphere 5.1 и инфраструктуры Microsoft Hyper-V 3.0 в Windows Server 2012.

http://www.vmgu.ru/news/vmware-vsphere-51-hyper-v-windows-server-2012-comparison

vSphere 5 versus Windows Server 2012 Hyper-V: high available VMs

http://up2v.nl/2012/08/14/vsphere-5-versus-windows-server-2012-hyper-v-high-available-vms/

vSphere 5 versus Windows Server 2012 Hyper-V: storage integration

http://up2v.nl/2012/08/14/vsphere-5-versus-windows-server-2012-hyper-v-storage-integration/

vSphere 5 versus Windows Server 2012 Hyper-V: live migrations

http://up2v.nl/2012/08/14/vsphere-5-versus-windows-server-2012-hyper-v-live-migrations/

vSphere 5 versus Windows Server 2012 Hyper-V: costs

http://up2v.nl/2012/08/17/vsphere-5-versus-windows-server-2012-hyper-v-costs/

vSphere 5 versus Windows Server 2012 Hyper-V: Resource metering for chargeback

http://up2v.nl/2012/08/17/vsphere-5-versus-windows-server-2012-hyper-v-resource-metering-for-chargeback/














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What Is VMware vSphere?

An infrastructure virtualization suite that provides virtualization, management, resource optimization, application availability, and operational automation capabilities

It consists of the following components:

VMware ESXi

VMware vCenter Server™

VMware vSphere® Client™

VMware vSphere® VMFS

VMware vSphere® Virtual Symmetric Multiprocessing

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vSphere Networking

Virtual networking (vNetwork) capabilities optimally align physical and virtual machine networking and provide the networking for hosts and virtual machines.

vNetwork supports two types of virtual switches:

vNetwork standard switches

• Virtual switch configuration for a single host

vNetwork distributed switches

• Virtual switches that provide a consistent network configuration for virtual machines as they migrate across multiple hosts

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What Is a Virtual Network? What Is a Virtual Switch?

A virtual switch:

Directs network traffic between virtual machines and links to external networks.

Combines the bandwidth of multiple network adapters and balances traffic among them. It can also handle physical network interface card (NIC) failover.

Models a physical Ethernet switch:• A virtual machine’s NIC can

connect to a port.

• Each uplink adapter uses one port.

VMware vSphere 5 : Install, Configure, Manage – Revision A

External World

physical switch

operating system

application

Virtual NIC

ports

operating system

application

Virtual NIC

operating system

application

Virtual NIC

Physical NIC

A virtual network provides the networking for hosts and virtual machines that use virtual switches.

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Benefits of Distributed Virtual Switches

Benefits of distributed switches over standard switches: Simplify datacenter administration

Provide support for private VLANs, Port mirroring, Netflow, Network I/O Control

Enable networking statistics and policies to migrate with virtual machines during a migration using VMware vMotion™

Provide for customization and third-party development

vSwitch vSwitchvSwitch

Distributed Virtual Switch

standard switches distributed switches

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vSphere Storage Choices

storage

technology

datastore

types

FCoE iSCSIFibre

ChannelDirect

Attached

Filesystem

NAS

NFSVMware vSphere VMFS

ESXi hosts

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VMFS and NFS Datastores

A datastore is a logical storage unit, which can use disk space on one physical device or one disk partition, or span several physical devices.

Types of datastores:

VMFS

Network File System (NFS)

Datastores are used to hold virtual machines, templates, and ISO images.

datastore

volume

VM content

ESXi host

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Management Made Easy

The vSphere Client allows you to centrally manage your vSphere environment.

At the login screen, enter:

Host name or IP address of the vCenter Server system

Windows user and password

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User Interfaces

vSphere Client

Web Client

ESXi host

Yourdesktop

vCenterServer

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Navigating the vSphere Client

search boxmenu bar

navigation bar

Home page

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Viewing vCenter Server Inventory

The vCenter Server inventory panels organize objects into a hierarchy.

Hosts and Clusters Datastores

VMs and Templates Networks

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Lab 1

In this lab, you will become familiar with the vSphere Client user interface.

Use the vSphere Client to log in to vCenter Server.

Navigate through the vCenter Server inventory.

View licensing information.

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Review of Learner Objectives

You should be able to do the following:

Describe the core concepts of virtualization.

Describe the main components of vSphere.

Describe virtual network components.

Describe datastores.

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Key Points

Virtual infrastructure allows dynamic mapping of compute, storage, and network resources to business applications.

Virtualization allows multiple operating system instances to run concurrently on a single computer within virtual machines.

vSphere aggregates physical hardware resources and provides virtual resources to the datacenter.