Training slides

Product Line Review

Five Family Groups

◦ Panel-mount models

◦ Individual equipment protection models

◦ Dedicated load circuit protection models

◦ Data models

◦ Telecommunication models

ST-RSE line – 4 mode – no tracking

RM line – 7 mode- frequency attenuation- 20 –40 - 60 ka per phase

LA line – 10 mode – frequency attenuation-

ST line – True all mode – Optimal Response & Optimal frequency attenuation

Application:◦ 200 amp Sub-Panels ◦ Low Exposure Areas◦ Individual Equipment

Peak Surge Current Per Mode:◦ 20 kA

4 mode, No frequency attenuation, thermal and current fuses.

ST-RSE3Y1ST-RSE3Y2ST-RSE3N2ST-RSE3N4

Application:◦ Sub-Panels

◦ Low Exposure Areas

◦ Individual Equipment

Peak Surge Current Per Phase:◦ 40, 80 & 120 kA

RM-ST60, RM-ST80, RM-ST120

1P1, 1P2, 1S1, 3Y1, 3Y2, 3N2, 3N4

RM-ST40 3Y1, 3Y2, 3N2, 3N4Small Drives or Panels up to 250 amps

Frequency Attenuation Component/Current FusingNo options

3 or 4 Mode

Frequency Attenuation

Thermal/Current Fused

Compact

Up to 250 Amps

Great for small VFD, Power Supplies, Rectifiers.

Applications◦ Main Service Entrance

Panels◦ Medium and High

Exposure◦ Panels up to 2500 Amps

Ten mode – current and

thermal fusing,

Frequency tracking,

various options.

Ka Ratings per phase◦ 60 kA◦ 120 kA◦ 180 kA◦ 240 kA◦ 300 kA

LA-ST60 / LA-ST120 / LA-ST180LA-ST240 / LA-ST3001P1, 1P2, 1S1, 3Y1, 3Y2, 3N2, 3N4, 3N6

Applications◦ Main Panels, sub-

panels◦ Individual

equipment◦ Medium to high

exposure◦ Locations up to

5,000 Amps

Peak Surge Current

Per phase◦ 90 kA◦ 120 kA◦ 180 kA◦ 240 kA◦ 300 kA◦ 420 kA◦ 600 kA◦ 720 kA◦ 900 kA

ST-S(C)SLA, ST-S(C)KLA, ST-S(C)DLA, ST-L(C)SEA, ST-S(C)MLA, ST-S(C)ILA,ST-S(C)HLA, ST-S(C)HDLA, ST-S(C)MDLA

ST-S(C)XDLA

Determines two aspects of the design of the product◦ Peak surge current

◦ Sine wave tracking (SWT) or not

SWT is designated by a base model beginning with “C”

RES models indicate SWT by adding an “S” after “RES”, or “RESS”.

Reflects the nominal system voltage of the system to which the SPD will be applied

No dashes between the base model and the voltage code on the Advantage ST units.

Reflect the various options that one might utilize for a particular application.

The key to properly providing option codes is to place them in alphabetical order with no dashes or spaces.

Basic application

Not intended to set limits

Only general examples

C62.72TM-2007 - IEEE Guide for the Application of Surge-Protective Devices for Low-Voltage (1000 Volts or Less) AC Power Circuits

General construction

Parallel or series

SWT or not

Encapsulation is described here

General method of fusing

General description of the modes of protection

Selecting PSC can be challenging

Lightning – 10,000 amps up to 200,000 amps or more

Very much controversy amongst the experts as to how much peak surge current is too much, adequate or not sufficient

From C62.72TM-2007:◦ Most lightning strikes - range of 10 kA to 40 kA

◦ Median value - 15 kA to 20 kA

◦ Only 6% of the currents were above 60 kA

◦ Less than 2% of the currents were above 100 kA

Controversial area of discussion

Opinions vary greatly on this issue

Currents measured in most studies are that of lightning NOT the amount of surge current that can actually enter in the building electrical system

These values can be vastly different (lower)

The Ten-to-One Rule of Thumb:◦ Ten-to-one ratio between the service size and the

peak surge current per mode of the SPD – as a starting point

◦ One must consider the expected exposure of the installation location (even if the panel is internal to the facility – the loads may not be)

Lightning is lightning - whether in Florida or North Dakota

Lightning in either area can carry the same levels of current

In fact, northern latitudes are more statistically prone to “positive” lightning which is understood to be much higher in surge current

However, the rate of occurrence of lightning in Florida is much, much greater than that of many northern regions

Per mode rating = combined rating of the suppression components used in that mode

For example, an ST-SMLA model has five components in parallel that are rated at 20 kA each; thus, the peak surge current per mode for an ST-SMLA is 5 x 20 kA or 100 kA

Per phase rating = the combination of the three modes connected to that phase – phase to neutral, phase to ground and phase to phase

For example, the peak surge current per phase of an ST-SMLA model is 100 kA per mode x 3 modes or 300 kA per phase

Some SPD manufacturers only consider the phase to neutral and phase to ground modes when calculating the “per phase” peak surge current

There is no standard that provides a method for determining this value

Often manufacturers that use this calculation method do not have direct phase to phase components

Base Model PSC per mode PSC per phase*

ST-SSLA/ST-CSLA 30 kA 90 kA

ST-SKLA/ST-CKLA 40 kA 120 kA

ST-SDLA/ST-CDLA 60 kA 180 kA

ST-LSEA/ST-CSEA 80 kA 240 kA

ST-SMLA/ST-CMLA 100 kA 300 kA

LA-ST60 20 Ka 60 Ka

LA-120 40 Ka 120 Ka

RM-ST60 20 kA 40 kA

RM-ST120 40 kA 80 kA

RM-ST180 60 kA 120 kA

ST-RSE 20 kA 20 kA

ST-RES/ST-RESS 40 kA 120 kA

Important to match the product to the application

Be sure you know what you are looking at

NEC 2005 – Only SPDs listed for use on a Delta system are allowed on Delta systems (L-G MCOV is the same or higher than the L-L MCOV)

Voltage

Code

Nominal System

Voltage (Vrms)

System Type and Conductor

Counts

1P1 120Single Phase, One Phase, Neutral And

Ground


Ground


Ground


Ground


Ground

1S1 120/240Split Phase, Two Phases, Neutral And

Ground

1S2 240/480Split Phase, Two Phases, Neutral And

Ground

3Y1 120/208Wye, Three Phases, Neutral and

Ground


Ground


Ground


Ground


Ground


Ground

3N1 120Delta (no neutral), Three

Phases and Ground


Phases and Ground


Phases and Ground


Phases and Ground


Phases and Ground

2N1 120Delta (no neutral), Two

Phases and Ground


Phases and Ground


Phases and Ground


Phases and Ground


Phases and Ground

Single phase systems◦ Important to note whether the system is truly two

phases and ground or phase, neutral and ground

◦ The SPDs are only fused on the phases (not the neutral)

◦ Determine the source of the single phase

Wye System – Modes availableWYE SYSTEM

Available Modes of ProtectionPhase A

Neutral

Phase B

Phase C

Ground

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

89

10

1 - Phase A to Neutral2 - Phase B to Neutral3 - Phase C to Neutral4 - Phase A to Ground5 - Phase B to Ground6 - Phase C to Ground7 - Neutral to Ground8 - Phase A to Phase B9 - Phase A to Phase C10 - Phase B to Phase C

The LA and Advantage models = Ten mode (or discrete all mode) design

Direct mode of protection for each available mode

Does not rely upon components intended for the protection of other modes

See the white paper: Modes of Protection within Electrical Systems for Application of Surge Suppression

Sine Wave Tracking

DOES NOTtrack the sine wave.

The phrase sine wave tracking is:◦ A very good description of the result of the

action of the sine wave tracking circuitry

◦ A marketing phrase or quasi-scientific jargon used to describe a specialized filter circuit

◦ Intended to mitigate the effects of switching or ringing surges

A low-pass filter designed with a particular spectrum of frequencies which it is intended to attenuate

The components of the SWT circuitry are especially selected so that they can survive the surge environment without failure due to the surge itself

Standard clamping models only react to an over voltage event

Sine wave tracking models react to an over voltage event and to a change in frequency

A change in frequency occurs when the voltage of the surge digresses from the normal voltage and frequency of the sine wave

Standard clamping versus SWT

SWT does not have a clamping level The figure is correct in that what is shown

is the general result of sine wave tracking Provides an easily understandable

comparison to non-SWT models However, it should be stated, when

appropriate, that this is not how SWT truly works

SWT reacts to a change in frequency created by the surge

SWT operates independent of the voltage.

Cautions: Harmonics◦ SWT is somewhat immune to overvoltage

◦ Not immune to “over-frequency”

◦ Harmonics created “over-frequency”

◦ SWT tries to attenuate (conducts) the higher frequencies

◦ Rule of Thumb: Less than 15% Total Harmonic Distortion (THD)

Cautions: Drives◦ Drives create harmonics on the load and line side

◦ It is not recommended to use SWT on the load side

◦ SWT is recommended for the low-voltage controller

Cautions: Capacitor Banks◦ Resonant conditions can occur due to the

interaction of the SWT circuitry, the capacitance of the capacitor bank and the inductance/impedance of the system between the two

◦ Very difficult to predict when this will happen

◦ Use standard clamping models in this situation

Two types of fusing utilized◦ Component level, thermal fusing

◦ Phase level, fault current fusing

Takes the SPD offline in the event of a failure

Component Level Fusing◦ Separates the RM, LA. ST models from previous

product families

◦ Activated during (relatively) high impedance, low fault current conditions

◦ MOVs dissipate power during this event

◦ Thermal fusing reacts to the heat and opens

◦ Mitigates the effects of thermal runaway

Component Level Fusing◦ Exercised during the UL 1449 low-current induced

failure tests

◦ Failure is evaluated for safety (cheesecloth, tissue paper)

◦ Currents for this test are limited to 10, 5, 2.5 and 0.5 amps

Phase Level Fusing◦ Separates our unit from previous product families

by how it is accomplished

◦ Activated during low impedance, high fault current conditions

◦ Interrupts the flow of follow current

◦ Prevents the tremendous power dissipation that can occur when an MOV fails with little or no current limit

The SineTamer break-through◦ Allows for a much smaller package

◦ Fusing option can be incorporated into standard size enclosures

◦ Reduces internal lead length

◦ Reduces external lead length due to the small overall package size and ease of installation

The SineTamer break-through◦ Patent-pending construction

method that allows for reduction in lead length and impedance that improves performance

◦ Completely insulated on the load and line side

◦ Prevents line side failures due to arcing that occur when the MOVs out-gas

Defined (from IEEE Standard C62.41.1-2002) as “the maximum magnitude of voltage that is measured across the terminals of the surge-protective device (SPD) during the application of a series of impulses of specified wave shape and amplitude.”

Synonymous with “Let-Through Voltage”

MLVs provide a “snap-shot” of the performance of an SPD

Be careful to be sure that all things are equal when using MLVs to make comparisons amongst SPDs

MLVs are highly dependent on the test setup, equipment used and measurement method

Key ECS test specifications◦ All voltages reported are peak voltages◦ All voltages reported are from the peak of the

sine-wave to the peak of the surge (as opposed to measuring from the zero crossing point of the sine-wave)

◦ The voltages reported for a particular mode are the average of each of the three phases for that mode and the average of ten shots for each mode (except for N-G, of course)

◦ The oscilloscope time base used for measurement is 10 – 20 microseconds per division

Key ECS test specifications◦ The sampling rate of the oscilloscope is a

minimum of 250 Megasamples per second (250 million data points per second)

◦ The surge generator is calibrated to the IEEE standards

◦ The oscilloscope is calibrated and has traceable calibration records

◦ The surge generator peak voltages and currents are calibrated at the ends of the leads needed to connect the generator to the SPD

◦ All SPDs are tested with six inches of lead length extending from the outside wall/conduit of the enclosure to simulate actual installation

Represents switching surges that exist in the electrical system environment

Characteristic frequency around 100 kHz

SWT is intended to mitigate these surges

Very frequent in occurrence Less notable than lightning Not visible like lightning Not always immediately recognized as

being damaging or disruptive to electrical circuits

Occur as part of every-day normal, intended operations

Occur as part of abnormal, unintentional operations

Contactors, relays or breakers

Switching of capacitor banks

Stored energy systems

Discharge of inductive devices

Starting and stopping of loads

Fault or arc initiation

Pulsed power loads

Arcing faults and arcing ground faults

Fault clearing

Power system recovery

Loose connections

Lightning induced oscillatory surges

Indicates that highest voltage for which the SPD can properly operate for a particular mode

Particularly important when determining the voltage code of the SPD

indicates the level of “head-room” provided between the nominal system voltage and the actual maximum allowable voltage for the SPD

Our products generally have MCOVs that are 15-25% higher than the nominal system voltage

Allows for normal and some abnormal overvoltages to occur with causing failure of the SPD

MCOVs that are too low can create scenarios where SPDs fail due to what the utility considers normal fluctuations

MCOV has direct impact on the MLVs

Generally, the higher the MCOV, the higher the MLV will be

With careful design considerations, the MCOV can be raised to an acceptable level without having significant impact on the performance of the SPD

LEDs only◦ One green LED per phase

◦ Normally on

◦ Sense the status of the protection circuit

◦ Sense the presence of power from the electrical system

C – Dry Relay Contacts◦ Normally open (NO) and normally closed (NC)

contacts◦ Do not share a common terminal◦ Can both be used or can be used independent of

one another◦ Change state when either the internal or external

over-current device opens or when power is lost to the SPD

◦ Can be used in combination with existing monitoring systems

◦ No voltage supplied to the contacts by the SPD; thus, the terminology “dry” or “volt-free”

AC – Audible Alarm◦ Contains a 110 dB, pulsed siren◦ A blinking red “trouble” LED◦ One green LED per phase◦ Powered by a long-life lithium based 9V battery with a ten-

year shelf life◦ Siren to operate continuously for a minimum of 72 hours◦ Red, “trouble” LED to operate continuously for a minimum

of 144 hours◦ Senses the status of the normally open dry relay contact

(with power applied)◦ Equipped with a mute switch and test button◦ Siren has a duty cycle on the sound output

LP – Remote LED Option◦ External LEDs housed in individual, round NEMA

4X holders

◦ Mounted remotely from the SPD and the LEDs are located so that they can be viewed externally

◦ “Daylight bright” and can be viewed in bright sunshine

◦ Provided with six feet of wire for each LED

◦ Drill template for properly locating the LEDs

◦ Overlay that can be applied to the surface to which the LEDs are mounted

R1 – Remote LED/DRC board – no enclosure◦ Used when the suppressor is mounted internal to

a panel or gear◦ The board is mounted on the backside of an

external wall of the panel/gear enclosure◦ LEDs are allowed to shine through the enclosure

to the overlay◦ Provided with six feet of wire external to the

suppressor for connecting the LED/DRC board◦ Used in combination with the LEDs only or DRC

option

S – Surge Counter◦ Features an 8-digit LCD display (counts to

99,999,999 and then starts over)◦ 10 year battery◦ Manual reset switch◦ Reset-disable jumper◦ Provisions for NEMA 4 and NEMA 4X locations◦ Sensitivity of the surge counter is such that it will

count surges that are at the A1 ring-wave level◦ Sensing circuit is current-based rather than

voltage-based◦ Only counts surges that the unit has acted upon

by detecting surge current flowing into the SPD

Surge Counter Notes:◦ The paper includes some cautions when selling

surge counters (does not count enough, counts too much, etc.)

◦ See Success with Surge Counters! [Hotchkiss] and Surge Counter Case Study Update [Fussell]

Application:◦ Individual Equipment◦ Individual Circuits

Peak Surge Current:◦ 60 kA Total

Units for both Frequency Attenuating and Non.

Available in DC and AC up to 480.

Terminal Strip for 15, 30 and 60 Amps.

Wired and Parallel versions Variety of Options –Din, RJ,

Video, Coax

ST-SPTxxx-y **ExamplesST-SPT120-15, ST-SPT480-15, ST-SPT48DC-30, ST-FSPT120-15

Different type of data circuits

Where they are found

Applicable TVSS units

Why they are selected

How to properly select a unit

◦ Where data is passed between buildings on a facility (e.g., production management)

◦ Where data is sent from an operating piece of equipment to an operations control center (e.g., cement plants & water treatment plants)

◦ Where data is sent between operating machines within a building (e.g. synchronization)

Common data circuits

4-20 mA

Ethernet

Frame relay

RS-232

Telephone

Signal voltage level

◦ Number of wires used

◦ Data rate

◦ Connector type

◦ Circuit resistance

2 to 4 wires

Signal voltage < 12 Vdc

Data rate 2 Mbps or less

Which unit to use on a 12 volt circuit?

< 160 V

< 160 V

< 280 V

L-G

L-L

Shield-G

500 mA

140 V

140 V

70 V

S-D140-x

< 80 V

< 80 V

< 280 V

L-G

L-L

Shield-G

500 mA

54 V

54 V

70 V

S-D48-x

S-D53-x

< 40 V

< 40 V

< 280 V

L-G

L-L

Shield-G

500 mA

36 V

36 V

70 V

S-D24-x

S-D33-x

< 30

< 30

< 280 V

L-G

L-L

Shield-G

500 mA

15 V

15 V

70 V

S-D12-x

S-D15-x

< 20 V

< 20 V

< 280 V

L-G

L-L

Shield-G

500 mA

7.5 V

7.5 V

70 V

S-D5-x

B3/C1 Impulse Wave

6 kV, 3 kATest Mode

Maximum Continuous

Operating Current

Maximum Continuous

Operating Voltages

Model

x = 2, 4, or 6

Terminals.

Let-Through Voltages Using ANSI/IEEE C62.45 & C62-41.1 / C62-41.2 Test Environment:

Static, positive polarity. All voltages are peak (10%).

< 160 V

< 160 V

< 280 V

L-G

L-L

Shield-G

500 mA

140 V

140 V

70 V

S-D140-x

< 80 V

< 80 V

< 280 V

L-G

L-L

Shield-G

500 mA

54 V

54 V

70 V

S-D48-x

S-D53-x

< 40 V

< 40 V

< 280 V

L-G

L-L

Shield-G

500 mA

36 V

36 V

70 V

S-D24-x

S-D33-x

< 30

< 30

< 280 V

L-G

L-L

Shield-G

500 mA

15 V

15 V

70 V

S-D12-x

S-D15-x

< 20 V

< 20 V

< 280 V

L-G

L-L

Shield-G

500 mA

7.5 V

7.5 V

70 V

S-D5-x

B3/C1 Impulse Wave

6 kV, 3 kATest Mode

Maximum Continuous

Operating Current

Maximum Continuous

Operating Voltages

Model

x = 2, 4, or 6

Terminals.



Found on long data line runs (> 75 feet) Problem: Normal DC signal voltage plus

induced AC voltage may exceed the clamping threshold of the TVSS unit

Example: MCOV is 15 Vdc, Signal voltage is 12 Vdc, Induced AC is 4 Vac.

Total signal voltage is 16 volts

Solution:

– Provide headroom when sizing TVSS

– Use 36 volt MCOV TVSS with 12 Vdc signals on long interior runs or all exterior runs

Rated Voltage MCOV

5 7.5

12 & 15 15

24 & 33 36

48 & 53 54

140 140

Now, which unit to use on a 12 volt circuit?

< 160 V

< 160 V

< 280 V

L-G

L-L

Shield-G

500 mA

140 V

140 V

70 V

S-D140-x

< 80 V

< 80 V

< 280 V

L-G

L-L

Shield-G

500 mA

54 V

54 V

70 V

S-D48-x

S-D53-x

< 40 V

< 40 V

< 280 V

L-G

L-L

Shield-G

500 mA

36 V

36 V

70 V

S-D24-x

S-D33-x

< 30

< 30

< 280 V

L-G

L-L

Shield-G

500 mA

15 V

15 V

70 V

S-D12-x

S-D15-x

< 20 V

< 20 V

< 280 V

L-G

L-L

Shield-G

500 mA

7.5 V

7.5 V

70 V

S-D5-x

B3/C1 Impulse Wave

6 kV, 3 kATest Mode

Maximum Continuous

Operating Current

Maximum Continuous

Operating Voltages

Model

x = 2, 4, or 6

Terminals.



< 160 V

< 160 V

< 280 V

L-G

L-L

Shield-G

500 mA

140 V

140 V

70 V

S-D140-x

< 80 V

< 80 V

< 280 V

L-G

L-L

Shield-G

500 mA

54 V

54 V

70 V

S-D48-x

S-D53-x

< 40 V

< 40 V

< 280 V

L-G

L-L

Shield-G

500 mA

36 V

36 V

70 V

S-D24-x

S-D33-x

< 30

< 30

< 280 V

L-G

L-L

Shield-G

500 mA

15 V

15 V

70 V

S-D12-x

S-D15-x

< 20 V

< 20 V

< 280 V

L-G

L-L

Shield-G

500 mA

7.5 V

7.5 V

70 V

S-D5-x

B3/C1 Impulse Wave

6 kV, 3 kATest Mode

Maximum Continuous

Operating Current

Maximum Continuous

Operating Voltages

Model

x = 2, 4, or 6

Terminals.



5 - 7 Volts DC is common Normally use TVSS rated at 36

VDC MCOV. Why? But -- always ask about the

signal voltage! If TVSS unit clamps the signal

voltage, no useable data flows through the circuit!

2 Mbps

10 Mbps

100 Mbps

Data rate has little impact on price.However, due to technology

constraints in order to achieve high data rates, the 100 Mbps unit is

less robust that the lower data rate units.

Wire clamping box terminals

RJ receptacles

Punch Down Block

Wire clamping box terminals,

2 - 6 wires

RJ receptacles (female)

2 - 4 pins or all 8 pins protected

Punch Down Block (22 – 26 AWG)

Box terminals are simple for you.

RJ receptacles require you to know which pin is protected, unless you choose a model with all eight pins protected.

You can order RJ TVSS units with the following pin configurations:

• Standard Pins (1, 2, 3, & 6)

• Specify any four pins

• All eight pins protected

All eight pins protected is safe, but costs 50% more

Solution:1.Use TVSS with wire clamping

box terminals, or2.Have client determine pins used

& provide data to you

Protect yourself – in the proposal to your client , call out the pins

you are protecting

Protect yourself - tell your client about circuit resistance to determine if it will be a

problem

The number of SPDs you can install on a circuit or network is dependent upon the resistance of the SPD

Too much resistance can prevent data transfer

Usually not a problem with a single SPD unless the run is long

2 and 10 MBPS SPDs have 5-Ohms resistance per wire

100 MBPS have Zero Ohms resistance

Signal amplifiers, increased wire size, or using fewer SPDs can solve most problems

Recommended TVSSAfter determining data rate, signal voltage, and

number of wires, choose:

◦ Any data TVSS with wire clamping box terminals

◦ Any data TVSS with RJ Connections◦ Punchdown Block - PDB6-D or PDB25-D (data

rate up to 2 Mbps)

RJ Connection

1.6787"

6.603" 1.031"

2.339"

6.758"7.257"

ST-SDLA1S1-FX

ST-SPT24-AC-15 ST-D15-12 (obs) ST-COAX-BNC-HP

ST-RJ45-33-100M

It is important to note that these suggestions are exactly that – they are suggestions only. TVSS applications are an art form at best and not an exact science. The amperage load ratings are minimal acceptable. The suppressors are parallel devices so the amperage load is not critical for the unit operation –merely our ability to match the potential peak surge current capabilities of the cable with that of the Sinetamer.

You can always use a higher amperage suggested device. Please do not use a lower one. Eg. Using an LA-ST60 unit on a 1000 amp panel is not recommended. However you can and may wish to install an LA-ST240 unit on a 400 amp panel in order to provide a higher degree of protection from high energy transients.

Begin with the most critical and sensitive equipment. Isolate that equipment from the electrical environment by selecting the most appropriate unit.In any situation where the equipment is unusual voltage or the connection type might be different than normal – make a drawing and scan and send to me. Ask … we may already have designed a unit. We have thousands and thousands of units.Never tell a customer we can not protect it. Tell them that you will get back to them with an answer.

The Ten-to-One Rule of Thumb:◦ Ten-to-one ratio between the service size and the

peak surge current per mode of the SPD – as a starting point

◦ One must consider the expected exposure of the installation location (even if the panel is internal to the facility – the loads may not be)

The SCCR Rule: The SCCR of the panel

multiplied by 1.5 + Lightning factor = PSC

Base Model PSC per mode PSC per phase*

ST-SSLA/ST-CSLA 30 kA 90 kA

ST-SKLA/ST-CKLA 40 kA 120 kA

ST-SDLA/ST-CDLA 60 kA 180 kA

ST-LSEA/ST-CSEA 80 kA 240 kA

ST-SMLA/ST-CMLA 100 kA 300 kA

LA-ST60 20 Ka 60 Ka

LA-ST120 40 Ka 120 Ka

LA-ST180 60 Ka 180 Ka

RM-ST40 20 kA 40 kA

RM-ST60 20 kA 40 kA

RM-ST120 40 kA 80 kA

RM-ST180 60 kA 120 kA

ST-RSE 20 kA 20 kA

Step 3A

Step 3B

No

Find Meter Gather Info

Move inside Locate main switch gearConfirm volts & amps

No YesOne

Switch

Locate distributionpanels, sub-panels,breaker panels, fuseddisconnects orequipment

Confirmconfiguration,volts, & amps ofall panels &transformers

Is panel suppressionsufficient?

Determine if equipmentneeds point-of-use

protection

DedicatedCircuit

Determine type ofequipment serviced

by panel

MultipleSwitches

Yes

No

Yes

Apply protection

Apply protection

Apply protection

Apply protection

Apply protection

a

b c

i

j k l m n o p q

d e f g h r

s

t

u

a

b c

i

j k l m n o p q

d e f g h r

s

t

u

SPDSPD

SPD

SPD

SPD

SPD

SPD

To dish

Air Conditioner

120/2401 Phase200 A

Telephone Lines

Telephone KSU

Modem

SecuritySystem

VCR

Satellite Controller

Big Screen TV

Home Entertainment

Center

GroundWire

60 Amp

To dish

Air Conditioner

120/2401 Phase200 A

Telephone Lines

Telephone KSU

Modem

SecuritySystem

VCR

Satellite Controller

Big Screen TV

Home Entertainment

Center

GroundWire

60 Amp

SPD

SPD

SPD

120/2082 Phase

200 A

copier CoffeePot

ProcessPC

Printer

Input

120 V13 A

CommonGround

SecuritySystem

TelephoneKSU

CommonGround

120 V20 A

Input Input

Input

PC

1000Foot Run

MiniComputer

Data Buss toProcess PC’s

ModemWarehouse

Inventory Control

Modem

PLCPLC

120/2082 Phase

200 A

copier CoffeePot

ProcessPC

Printer

Input

120 V13 A

CommonGround

SecuritySystem

TelephoneKSU

CommonGround

120 V20 A

Input Input

Input

PC

1000Foot Run

Data Buss to

Process PC’s

ModemWarehouse

Inventory Control

Modem

PLCPLC

SPDSPD

SPDSPD

SPD

SPD

SPD

MiniComputer

MiniComputer

Modem

TelephoneKSU

Input

SecuritySystem

CheckoutRegister

RS 232 RegisterConnections

Lighting

Step DownTransformer

HVACSystem

PayrollSystems

Amenities

480 V3 Phase

3000 A

CheckoutRegister

120/208 V3 Phase

1000 A

120/208 V

120/208 V

Input

LV

MiniComputer

Modem

TelephoneKSU

Input

SecuritySystem

CheckoutRegister

RS 232 RegisterConnections

Lighting


HVACSystem

PayrollSystems

Amenities

480 V3 Phase

3000 A

CheckoutRegister

120/208 V3 Phase

1000 A

120/208 V

120/208 V

Input

SPD

SPD

SPD

SPD

SPD

480 V3

Phase3000

A

Amenities

Apartments &Condominiums

ProfessionalOffices

Restaurants &

Snack Bars

Dry Cleaners& Laundry

Panel 1

120/208 V

3 Phase1000

A

Panel 2

Panel 3

Panel 4

Distributio

nPanelStep Down

Transformer

Amenities

Apartments &Condominiums

ProfessionalOffices

Restaurants &Snack Bars

Dry Cleaners& Laundry

Panel 1

120/208 V3 Phase1000 A

480 V3 Phase3000 A

Panel 2

Panel 3

Panel 4

DistributionPanel


SPD

SPD

SPD

SPD

SPD

SPD


Input

ProcessPC

Printer

VFD

VFD

VFD

ArcWelder

SpecialBuilding

Controller

CNCControl

CPU

CNCMachine

Tool

IntegratedProcess Machine

Tool & CPU


240 Delta

480 V3 Phase800 A

JunctionBox

120 V 20 A1 Phase

480 V3 Phase800 A

120/240 V3 Phase200 A

240 Delta

120 V 15 A

480 V3 Phase1200 A

Amenities




Input

ProcessPC

Printer

VFD

VFD

VFD

ArcWelder

SpecialBuilding

Controller

CNCControl

CPU

CNCMachine

Tool

IntegratedProcess Machine

Tool & CPU


240 Delta

480 V3 Phase800 A

JunctionBox

480 V3 Phase800 A

120/240 V3 Phase200 A

240 Delta

120 V 15 A

480 V3 Phase1200 A

Amenities


SPD

SPD

SPD

SPD

SPD

SPD

SPD

SPD


SPD

SPD

o

a

b

j

p

q

g

r

ih

de f

m

n

l

k

c

a

b

j

o

p

q

g

r

ih

de f

m

n

l

k

c

SPDSPDSPD

oa

b

j

p

q

g

r

ih

de f

m

n

l

k

c

Note: Multiple SPD/TVSS applications(s) on very long section of mains switchgear

SPD SPDSPDSPD

DIST PANEL

HVAC

LIGHTING

Panel A 3 ph 277/480 2200 Amp MCB

Panel B 3 ph 277/480 1600 Amp MCB

Panel C 3 ph 277/480 1400 Amp MCB

Panel A – Main Panel 2200 Amps, 277/480 volts◦ Recommend ST-LSEA3Y2. Why? Main service, 10:1

rule = 220ka per phase minimum. Non sensitive/critical equipment.

Panel B and C – Distribution Panel 1600 and 1400 Amps, 277/480 volts

– Recommend ST-SDLA3Y2 or LA-ST1803Y2C. Why? 10:1 rule = 160 and 140ka per phase minimum.

DIST PANEL

HVAC

LIGHTING




Panel D, E, F 3 ph 120/208 225 Amp MCB

Panels D, E and F – sub distribution panel, feeding sensitive equipment 225 Amps, 120/208 volts

◦ Recommend LA-ST603Y1C? Why? Main Breaker rating of 225 amp, 10:1 rule does not typically apply on panels of this nature –under 600 amps. Frequency responsive units are most effective at preventing process disruption and protecting microprocessor based equipment.

DIST PANEL

HVAC

LIGHTING




Panel D, E, F 3 ph 120/208 225 Amp MCB

Company Confidential

5 Telephone Lines and

2 – 24vdc 4/20 mA Circuits

Secondary Panel1200 amps

120/208 wyeService Entrance

2000 Amps

277/480 Wye

Critical Loads

240 volt PLC


ST-PDB5 & ST-CLMF24-4

Secondary Panel1200 amps

LA-ST120-3Y1CService Entrance

2400 Amps

ST-LSEA3Y2

Critical Loads

Series Filters

ST-SPT240-15


Service Entrance

800 amps 120/208 Secondary Panel

120/208 400 amps

Critical Point of Purchase

(Cash Register) 120 volts


Service Entrance

LA-ST120-3Y1CSecondary Panel

LA-ST60-3Y1C

ST-SPT120-15

RM-ST403N4

ST-SPT240-15

ServoMotors – 10-25HP Drives

30 HP Motors

ST-RSE3N4

RM-ST120-3N4

ST-SPT240-15

RM-ST403N4

ST-SPT24DC-15

RM-ST60-3N4

ST-SPT24DC-15

ST-SPT24DC-15

ST-SPT240-15

ST-SPT120-15


Datacom for external signal line

Utility Service

12.47kV

480V

ST-Advantage

MainDistributionPanel

AFD

ST-SPT

Motor

PLC

Motor

Motor

MCC

Production FloorWelder

Small h.p.Motors

Office Panel

WorkStation

PCCopier

Printers

Lamp FaxServerNote: all incoming data, telephone, 4-20 mA,and signal lines require protection

LA-ST

LA-ST

120V

RM

PBX(telephone switch)

DataSuppressor@Building Entrance

ST-SPTelectronicload

TVSS

PLC’s (AC and or DC) – ST-SPT120(240)-15 or appropriate DC voltage. Or you can use the parallel unit – ST-SP120(240)-PFire/Security Alarm Systems – ST-SPT unit for AC voltage. Typically they will have a telephone line that needs protection. So you can combine the AC and Telecom. ST-SPT120-15-RJ. If there are signal wires that leave that building to an outside location – consider protecting that also. Typically the appropriate ST-CLMF or ST-CLDIN units – finding out the correct voltage and number of wires.Access Control Systems – magnetic key cards or

similar type, follow same procedures as above.

General Recommendations Traffic Lights: combination unit –

ST-SPT120-15-RJ Slot Machines / Tragamonedas: 3 phase

panel – LA-ST60-3Y1C

Bank ATM: ST-SPT120-15-RJ. If the data is not telephone but data circuit, then need data information – wires and voltage and use ST-SPT-120-RJ45.

Video Surveillance Systems: Protect the AC and the cameras. Combonation units are available. 120 AC, 24DC, Coax… Acquire all information.

UPS systems – Single phase – typically 1kva up to

3kva. ST-SPT120(240)-P 120 or 240 volt installed in

parallel. Single phase - 4kva – 10kva – ST-SPT240-30

installed series or parallel.

UPS systems – Three phase – up to 150 kva – LA-ST60-

3Y1C or 3Y2C. 200 kva and larger – LA-ST120-3Y2C.

CNC Machine tools – RM-ST60-3N2 (3N4) (or RM-

ST120) installed at main breaker. ST-SPT120(240)-15 at

the controller.

Variable Frequency Drives in areas of low lightning

VFD – up to 75 hp – ST-RSE3N4 or RM-ST603N4

VFD – up to 150 hp – RM-ST60-3N4



* with ST-SPT120 when PLC is used.

General Recommendations

General Recommendations

For VFD’s in High Lightning or Oil Field applications:

Level 1 - ST-SMLA3N4

Level 2 – RM-ST180-3N4 (if no added capacitors in VFD)

Level 3 – ST-SPT120(240) -15 at RTU/PLC/ICM

For VFD’s in Low/Mid Lightning

Level 1 – ST-LSEA3N4

Level 2 - RM-ST120-3N4 (if no added capacitors in VFD)

Level 3 - ST-SPT120(240) -15 at RTU/PLC/ICM

Motor

1P 240 VAC 1½ HP

10 A

Inside application

Very tight quarters

ST-FSPT-240-15ST-FSP-240-P

Variable frequency drive

50 HP, 460NN

65 A

Indoor application

• ST-RSE3N4• RM-ST40-3N4

Gas Pump

120 VAC

20 A

RJ45 Ethernet Communication

• ST-SPT120-30-RJ45• ST-ICPS120-20 + ST-RJ45-24-Cat5E

Pump Motor in Rock Mine

4160 VAC Delta

200 A

• ST-LSEA-MV3N4160

Pick and Place Machine for PCB Assembly

120/208 Wye

40 A

• RM-ST403Y1• LA-ST603Y1C

OEM Application for Drink Machines

120 V 1P

15 A

• ST-SPT120-15• ST-FSPT120-15• ST-L120-P-1L

Automated Checkout and Laser Scanner at large department store.

120 V, 1P

15 A

RJ45 Ethernet communication

• ST-SPT120-15-RJ45

Water Pump for a large nursery

15 HP

120/208 V Wye

46 A

Outdoor Application

• RM-ST603Y1

Control Servos (multiple)

DIN rail mount (need small footprint)

48 VDC

1 A

• ST-ICPS-48DC-3-DIN• ST-ICPF-48DC-3-DIN

New construction in factory

Multiple Variable Frequency Drives (24 units –4 circuits )

480 VAC 3PH DELTA

75 A

• Level 1 – RM-ST120-3N4• Level 2 - ST-RSE3N4 at the breakerlocation of each set of 6 VFD’s

MRI Machine in Hospital

120/208 V Wye

200 A

Need very tight clamping

• ST-CKLA3Y1 (Best)• LA-ST60-3Y1C (Better)• RM-ST40-3Y1 (Good)

Cell Shelter

1Ph 120/240

150 amps

• Level 1 – RM-ST180-1S1• Level 2 - RM-ST60-1S1

Ball Park Lighting

480 V Delta

40 A

Multiple circuits plus parking lot lighting

• Circuit Board - RM-ST403N4• Parking Lot Lights - ST-FSP2-2N4-P

Coal Conveyer Belt Drive for power plant

50 HP

480 V Delta

65 A

Outside, corrosive environment

• RM-ST120-3N4W

Remember… this is not an exact

science, it is an art-form, and the only

wrong answer is the wrong voltage.

Technology

Training slides