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The keynote talk I gave at a seminar organized by the Danish National Mapping Agency in Copenhagen, in March 2010. Some common material with other "Geospatial Revolution" presentations I have given, and some new material too.
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The Geospatial Revolution
Peter BattyUbisense
KMSCopenhagen, March 25, 2010
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Overview
• Mainstream at last!
• A real-time, multimedia view of the world
• Data sharing
• Crowdsourcing
• Economics / business models
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GIS was a specialized backroom technology for many years
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Doug SeabornAM/FM conference, 1992
“1995: the year that GIS disappeared”
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Disruptive technology
Functionality /performance
Time
Established technology
Disruptive technology
MainstreamMarketrequirements
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Now much easier to include location data
Free or cheap map data
Geocoding Location tracking
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Finally, geospatial data is just another data type
flickr.com/photos/26664862@N04/2499573972/7
The neogeographersGoogle
MicrosoftOpen Source... and more
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Geo moving to the mainstream
1996 MapQuest
2005 Google Earth (Keyhole)
2005 Google Maps
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Fun and coolPerformance
Ease of useAPI
Continued innovation
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3D buildingsBirds eye view
PhotosynthSQL Server
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Strong in databaseStrong in web mapping
Weaker on desktopData improving fast
Spans both “GIS” and “neogeo” spaces
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“But these new systems are just simple web mapping, they’re not GIS”
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Cartography
Andy Allan, Cloudmade
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Data creation and maintenance
Upcoming Mapzen editorCloudmade
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Here’s a print of Chinatown, San Francisco.
Instead of gargoyles, we’re using more appropriate bits of icon and text to recognize the corners.
Here you can see that someone has walked around Green Street and noted address information and a few businesses.
This is not information that you’d be able to get from a satellite image.
It’s also information that don’t really need a GPS for: the roads are already in place, but they need extra eye-level information.
Data creation and maintenance
“Walking Papers” for OpenStreetMap Stamen Design17
Geospatial analysis
Stamen Design
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Geospatial analysisFortiusOne / GeoCommons
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http://flic.kr/p/78H5Z8!20
A real-time, multimedia view of the world
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October 19, 200922
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Microsoft Photosynth24
Google Streetview25
Microsoft Virtual Earth
Manhattan
maps
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C3 Technologies
Las Vegas
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prototypegame.org
Manhattan
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Live
VideoLive
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The Sensor Web
Need a spatial context to make sense of all this
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Location sensing
Cell towersWi-Fi
GPSRFID
UWB
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New TomTom traffic speed datasetderived from
600 billionspeed readings from users
flickr.com/photos/rutlo/3164449930/
real time data within
3 minutes
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location based servicesare real at last!
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Demand Response
Storage Renewable Energy
Intelligent devices and control systems
Smart Grid“The Internet brought to our electric system”
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Will have the ability to know where everything is - and what is happening - all the time
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Data Sharing
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Geodata standards
Lightweight Heavyweight
geoRSS
KML
geoJSON
GML
Shape
Mashups
Google Search
OGC*
Portals
WMS
WFS
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“So far the impact of SDIs on the integration of data as a ubiquitous component of the web seems low”
“There is not evidence that SDIs have increased the market volume of government data by significant amount”
Clemens Porteleat Geoweb 2009
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“Current OGC standards are only really accessible to geo experts, not easily from broader web community”
“OGC web services based largely on an architecture and approach to web services developed 10 years ago”
Clemens Porteleat Geoweb 2009
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3 rules for evolvable systems
Clay Shirky, 1996shirky.com/writings/evolve.html
Only solutions that produce partial results when partially implemented can succeed
What is, is wrong
Orgel's Rule: "Evolution is cleverer than you are".
Evolvable
Centrally designed
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“If a dataset available on the web is in a format that can't be indexed by Google, does it make a sound?”
Kevin WiebeSafe Software
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<Picture of Jason>
Jason BirchCity of Nanaimo
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“the cloud”
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Crowdsourcing
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Web
publishing participation
2.0Web1.0
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Wikipedia
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Hurricane KatrinaNew Orleans
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Community generated data
scipionus.com54
OpenStreetMap
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December 3, 2007
July 7, 2009
Google OpenStreetMap
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Cape RoyalGrand Canyon, AZ
USACropston
England
Denver, COUSA
Denver, COUSA
“Mousetrap” junction of I-25 and I-70
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momentum!!
users
OSM stats from May 2009
24mkm of highways
34mkm of ways
NAVTEQ had 18m km of highways in Dec 2007
crazy
flickr.com/photos/pimpmasterjazz/2601898276/
200,000+
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What about quality?
“OSM quality is beyond good enough, it is a product that can be used for a wide range of activities”
Dr Muki Haklay of UCL
Based on a detailed analysishttp://tinyurl.com/mukiosm
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LandgatePerth, Western Australia
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Google MapMaker“The future is user
created data”Michael Jones, Google
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2007 dataDatabase
69 countries11m miles (18m km) of roads18m points of interest
PeopleField force 700Central production 270Technology 500Total 3349
Financial Revenue $853m (~€604m) Data creation & distribution costs $396m (~€280m)
“Creating, maintaining and delivering a comprehensive, high quality map database is a
multi-step, labor-intensive process. We currently employ over 270 employees in our centralized production facility and a global
workforce of over 700 geographic analysts in 32 countries”
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Crowdsourcing is a paradigm shift for data creationflickr.com/photos/jamescridland/613445810/
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Economics of data creation and sharing
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“Information wants to be free”
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UK Government advised by Sir Tim Berners Lee
Ordnance Survey medium and small scale data to be free
(Details being worked out)
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“Our taxes fund the collection of public data - yet we have to pay again to access it. [Make] it
freely available to stimulate innovation”
The Guardian “Free Our Data” web site
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sadly it’s not that simple ...
Taxes only pay half of the costs (in UK)Costs are ongoing, not one off
Many competing priorities for tax moneyAll geodata is not equal
Commercial companies can profit
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Land of the
Free74
I think we should raise taxes or cut spending on schools to
do better mapping
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Missing Pepsi Center!(Built 10 years ago)!USGS Topo Map
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TIGER dataUS Census Bureau
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No large scale “national map”Utilities and local governments map themselves
Most cities are mapped many timesSignificant map inconsistencies
The US situation
flickr.com/photos/izik/3215303355/79
National Mapping Agencies!
Cost!
Product!
Good product but expensive!
Free or cheap but product lacking!
We want to be here ... !
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In summary ... a wild ride ahead!
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