Straight Talk on Replacing Thousands of Hard Disks with Just One Solid State Disk

Straight Talk on Replacing Thousands of Hard Disks with Just

One Solid State Disk

Jamon Bowen, Director of Sales EngineeringLevi Norman, Director of Marketing

November 2010

The World’s Fastest Storage® for over thirty years!

The World’s Fastest Storage®Get a quote at txmemsys.com/quote

Presentation Synopsis

Thank you for joining Texas Memory Systems to learn howSolid State Disk(SSD) is being incorporated into Data Centersto improve the price/performance equation for applicationsand storage. Technology developments and improvedeconomics are making SSD more interesting and affordable,but there is often confusion about available solutions andhow they can be incorporated into existing data centerarchitectures.

In this webinar, SSD and application performance expertJamon Bowen will examine the various types of SSD and howthey align with application architectures and deploymentmodels. He will examine how performance, cost, and featuresets impact deployments of SSD in today’s evolving datacenters. In short, this webinar will demystify SSD and helpyou make informed architectural choices to fulfill yourperformance needs.


TMS the Company, The SSD Market, The

RamSan Portfolio


Texas Memory Systems, IncThe World’s Fastest Storage®

16th generationEstablished enterprise customer base32 yrs SSD experience

Deep & established engineeringHistory of “changing the game”

Privately held; no VC/long term debtGlobal in presence

TMS architects and creates The World’s Fastest Storage® in varying memory mediums and form factors ranging from RAM rack mount systems to Flash PCIe direct attach storage options.

Each product is developed with enterprise capability and needs in mind and leverages the very best of each previous design.


Sent a text message

Placed online bet

Booked a cruise or flight

Used an ATM

Conducted a financial trade

Shopped online

Used pre-paid wireless

Gamed online

Select RamSan Facts…

…RamSan is Everywhere

The largest SSD installations in production in the world

Currently operating in 9 major financial exchanges worldwide

Used today by 7 out of 11 of the world’s largest telecoms

Installed and in production in over 35 countries


Select RamSan Facts…

…RamSan is Everywhere

The largest SSD installations in production in the world

Currently operating in 9 major financial exchanges worldwide

Used today by 7 out of 11 of the world’s largest telecoms

Installed and in production in over 35 countries Sent a text message

Placed online bet

Booked a cruise or flight

Used an ATM

Conducted a financial trade

Shopped online

Used pre-paid wireless

Gamed online


The Need for Solid StateThree major customer challenges drive Texas Memory Systems to

evolve and develop new solid state disk solutions

Perfo

rman

ceLa

tenc

y Power


Market ExpansionState of Solid State

Overview & Size IDC, June 2010

Enterprise Revenue (projected):2009: $400 Million

- Initially projected at $250M2010: $450 Million2013: $2 Billion

Competitive Landscape2010: 200+ SSD co’s StorageSearch.com

2010: Storage OEM offerings multiply- SSD becoming specialty offering across OEM tiers (storage, server, software)

2012: SSD is ubiquitous


Average WW Traffic of SSDs

Jan

4 20

04

Feb

27

2005

Apr

23

2006

Jun

17 2

007

Aug

10

2008

Oct

4 2

009

Search Volume

Market ExpansionLeading Indicators

Growth in SSD Searches on Google

Growth in Requests for Pricing (TMS)

TheInfoPro Heat Index

SSD and Performance

IDC Market Predictions

Sources: Google Trends, TMS, TheInfoPro, and IDC – 2009 and 2010

Requests for (Pricing) Quotes to TMS

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

1800

Q107 Q207 Q307 Q407 Q108 Q208 Q308 Q408 Q109 Q209 Q309

Enterprise Flash Revenue ($M) per IDC, 2010

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013


Market ExpansionTrailing Indicators

F1000 SSD Adoption (TheInfoPro)

F1000 SSD Adoption (by Vendor)

Growth in Capacity Sold (TMS)

Growth in Zeus IOPS Revenue (STEC)

Growth in Flash (Usable Capacity Sold)

Q3/07 Q4/07 Q1/08 Q2/08 Q3/08 Q4/08 Q1/09 Q2/09 Q3/09 Q4/09Zeus IOPs (STEC) Revenue Growth

$-

$20,000,000

$40,000,000

$60,000,000

Q1/08 Q2/08 Q3/08 Q4/08 Q1/09 Q2/09

Source: TheInfoPro, TMS, SEC Filings – 2009 and 2010


Market ExpansionPrimary Catalyst for Market Growth

$ per GB RAW (Source: SPC-1 Data, TMS pricing history)

1

10

100

1000

5/24/2002 5/24/2003 5/23/2004 5/23/2005 5/23/2006 5/23/2007 5/22/2008 5/22/2009 5/22/2010 5/22/2011 5/21/2012 5/21/2013

$/GB RAM SSD$/GB Flash SSD$GB Flash (est)$/GB HDD$ GB HDD (est)Expon. ($/GB RAM SSD)Expon. ($/GB Flash SSD)Expon. ($/GB HDD)

RAM SSD

FLASH SSD

Performance HDD

Source: TMS and Industry HDD Pricing Reports

Convergence of Flash SSD and Performance HDD Pricing


Faster Flash– 2010 – 3xnm SLC/MLC Flash (doubles the density)

• 3xnm preserves 100k SLC write endurance; 2xnm likely not…

– New protocols for moving data to/from Flash• Toggle Mode – Samsung• ONFI (Open NAND Flash Interface) - Micron

Fast Interfaces– 8Gb Fibre Channel for low latency/high IOPS

addresses OLTP– QDR InfiniBand for low latency/high bandwidth for

data warehousing and HPC

Faster Applications


Faster Flash Architectures

Operating Systems, File Systems and Applications Designed for Flash

• OS vendors are currently optimizing for Flash• Files system vendors adding features to support Flash as storage

and Flash as cache• Application vendors suddenly have one less major bottleneck to

address and are designing applications to use Flash

Faster Applications


RamSan Product Portfolio

RamSan-440

RamSan-500

RamSan-630

RAM-BasedNetwork Attached

FLASH-BasedNetwork Attached

FLASH-BasedDirect Attached

SYSTEMS

PCI

RamSan-20

Closing the Performance Gap

SSD…

Is Non-Volatile Storagemade from RAM and Flashcomponents

Dramatically Lowers Response Time

Offers extremely High IOPSand Bandwidth

Delivers more Performance/Wattconsumed

Increases Application Performance

Is a Green technology


Typical RamSan Application Matrix

Do more, do it faster and support more concurrent users with RamSan!

FINANCIAL•Trading Systems• Messaging Systems• Periodic Reporting• Batch Processing• Data Acquisition

GOVERNMENT• Oracle Databases• Metadata• Data Acquisition• Data Warehousing• Airborne Data Centers

E-COMMERCE• Web Databases• Shared Content• Online Gaming• Online Communities

HPC• Scientific Computing • Seismic Processing• Rendering• Video on Demand • Data Acquisition

TELCO

• OLTP DB• Batch Processing• Data Warehousing• CRM

Database Acceleration (Oracle, SQL-Server, etc)

The World’s Fastest Storage®


How SSDs Are Changing Datacenter

Architecture


Types of SSD

RAM-based SSD– Highest performance storage possible– Requires built-in batteries and nonvolatile

storage

Flash-based SSD– Non-volatile chip, high density, low power– Chips require special handling for writes

• Wear leveling• Bad block replacement

– Faster than disks, but at least 10x slower than RAM

– Capable of disk density– Low power


Many SSD Deployment Options Available Today

Storage Centric– Typically form factor SSD– Designed to fit requirements of Storage

System vendors

Network Centric– Designed to attach to servers via

network• Rack mount/Appliance model

Server Centric– Designed to fit into the server

• PCIe• Embedded on the motherboard

Source: w

ww

.emc.com

http://www.emc.com/�


RAM Usage within Storage

Storage Centric– SAN Cache

Network Centric– RAM SSD Appliance

Server Centric– File System Cache– RAM Drive

Source: www.creativestrategiessvc.com

http://www.creativestrategiessvc.com/�


RAM SSD - Has a long deployment history for adding persistent memory to an application

RAM SSDs provide ability to add storage persistence to an application without sacrificing RAM performance

Typically involves clustered servers and mirrored RAM SSDs

– Database Logs– Financial applications– Real-time billing systems


Flash SSD

Currently dominates the SSD discussion

Many factors driving growth– Price/GB has been declining faster than other

options (Disk or RAM)

– Price/performance is extremely inexpensive

– Dramatic space and power savings for persistent storage

Explosion in deployment options


Typical vectorsPerformance

• Latency• Bandwidth• IOPS

Cost• Minimum total cost• Cost per capacity• Cost per performance• Operational cost considerations• Management cost considerations

Features• Determines the best fit architectures

SSD Deployment Options


PerformanceApplication Acceleration

With enough disks you can get IOPS and you can get bandwidth

Disks have to seek or rotate faster to get lower latency

Latency is the reason that SSDs accelerate apps

– All using the same basic chips


PerformanceLatency Comparison

Storage CentricBus overhead + Bus to Network Adaptor + Network Adaptor to Storage Controller Bus + Storage Controller Processing Stack + Bus to back end storage Network Adaptor + Network Adaptor to internal SSD Bus

Network CentricBus overhead + Bus to Network Adaptor Overhead + Network Adaptor to SSD overhead

Server CentricBus Overhead Only


PerformanceMaking the Comparison

A Simple Test - Measuring the latency impact of typical HBA…

Single Test System with both internal and external SSD


4 KB Write Performance vsIOPS Load

0

0.02

0.04

0.06

0.08

0.1

0.12

0.14

0 50000 100000 150000 200000

Res

pons

e Ti

me

(ms)

IOPS

IOPS vs Response Time

PCIe SSDExternal SSD


Response Time vs IOPS 100% 8k Random Reads

0.0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

2.0

0 10000 20000 30000 40000 50000 60000 70000 80000 90000 100000

IOPS

Res

pons

e Ti

me

(ms)

Intergrated SSD Solution A

Integrated SSD Solution B

PCI SSD

FLASH Based System

RAM Based System

Response Time vs IOPS


CostServer Centric

Lowest cost of entry

Cost per capacity determined by chip used & vendor

– Biggest drawback is fixed capacity vscapacity used

Operational cost consideration– Lowest operational costs– Highest management costs


CostNetwork Centric

Starting cost - tens of thousands range

Cost per capacity determined by chip used & vendor

Operational cost consideration– Low operational costs

– Some management centralization


CostStorage Centric

High cost of entry – primarily dominated by the storage controller cost

Cost per capacity typically higher to cover OEM markup

Operational cost consideration– Better operational cost than disk

– Lowest management costs


Features

Server Centric – Minimal– Driver installation requirement

Network Centric – Shareable, server cluster support– Central management and monitoring

Storage Centric– Leverages storage controller feature set

• Replication, snapshot, backup, etc• Management features are the primary benefit of

this deployment method


Varying SSD Architectural Deployment Models

Scale UP Architecture– Monolithic design of Servers and Storage

Scale OUT Architecture– Distributed design of Servers and Storage

Mixed– Scaled OUT Servers with Scaled UP Storage

– Scaled UP Servers with Scaled OUT Storage


Scale UP ArchitectureMonolithic architecture

– Single application image– Well suited to applications that require tightly

correlated datasets and a shared state

External system design if– High Availably Requirements

• Active/active clustering - external system

– Capacity• External system can scale to much higher capacities

Internal solution– Fits this model when a 3-4u server or workstation is

used to provide a powerful single server solution


Scale OUT Architecture

Distributed modular architecture

Well suited to applications with easily partition-able and loosely correlated datasets

Shared nothing cluster for availability


Scaled UP StorageSingle Application

Compute resources scale out– HPC setup

– Many node Oracle RAC

Storage scales up– Single shared namespace


Scaled UP StorageMultiple Applications

Many different applications with different requirements

Centralized Data Management

Primary Benefit– Performance tradeoff– Some array features become more valuable

when there are more applications in the same management framework (i.e. Dedupe)

– Obvious SSD feature: Tiering


Typical Storage Array

Storage Controller Storage Controller- Standard Processors

- Memory - HBAs- Storage

Management Software


Challenges with the Centralized Storage Controller

In an HDD world– Capacity is cheap

– Performance is expensive

– Disks are too expensive for performance to worry about storage controller bottlenecks

Well architected SSDs change this scenario– Performance is now cheap


Disk vs SSDSSD’s other use case

What if the latency on an SSD was the same as for an HDD?

Applications wouldn’t run faster…

…SSDs would still be the future!


You have to buy the physical disk operating components for each disk that you buy (Big difference as compared to tape)

Multiple disks needed for random IO performance

Disk vs SSD HDDs fundamental flaw

Platter cost per bit decreases rapidly every year. Single manufactured component.

Many components in the head, armature, and motor. At low capacities the costs of these components is dominant.


Disk vs SSD Performance Disks

Much more expensive than consumer disks

Fully burdened price includes the cost of the controller, often doubles price per GB

Faster

Less capacity

Public price data available from the Storage Performance Council

www.storageperformance.org

http://www.storageperformance.org/�


Disk Price per GB in Enterprise Array

$0.00

$10.00

$20.00

$30.00

$40.00

$50.00

$60.00

$70.00

$80.00

$90.00

5/24/2002 10/6/2003 2/17/2005 7/2/2006 11/14/2007 3/28/2009 8/10/2010

$/ GB

$/ GB


$/ Disk

$0.00

$1,000.00

$2,000.00

$3,000.00

$4,000.00

$5,000.00

$6,000.00

5/24/2002 10/6/2003 2/17/2005 7/2/2006 11/14/2007 3/28/2009 8/10/2010

$ /Disk

$ /Disk

Linear ($ /Disk)


Object Intensity

Combines both throughput and capacity requirements

Call it IOPS/GB

At a high enough IOPS/GB SSD is the cheapest solution

At a low enough IOPS/GB capacity oriented disk drives meet the performance requirement

In between is performance optimized drives (15K RPM)


Based on Performance AND Price per GB

Solid State Disk Territory

Fast HDD Territory

Capacity Oriented HDD Territory


Looking Forward

SSDs will replace performance HDDs

Scale out shared nothing designs

Scale out storage controllers

Separation of performance sensitive apps and the utility model applications


Find out more or get a quote…

Please visit www.ramsan.com for broad product information and company

information

or

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Service Quote

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