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In a project of the complexity of the SKA, it is very important to be very observant of the different requirements for the SKA telescopes, and how they are implemented by the different sub-systems. And because the design of the SKA is evolving, the need to assess the impact of design changes, and potential trade-offs, is more relevant than ever. In this talk I will present how the SKA Organisation is leading the Systems Engineering work of the different consortia, and how we are using Model Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) to integrate the design inputs from the sub-systems, and be able to keep a Systems view that ensures that the element designs are sound, and really comply with the stringent requirements posed by the SKA.
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SKA Systems Engineering: from PDR to Construction
Spain SKA Day, October 23rd, Granada
Spain SKA Day, October 23rd, Granada
• Who am I?• What do we (SKAO SEs) do?• When does all this take place?• To CDR, and Beyond…• Accomplishments & Ongoing Activities • And Industry?• Conclusions
Talk Outline
Spain SKA Day, October 23rd, Granada
Who am I?
Spain SKA Day, October 23rd, Granada
• Systems Engineer for the SDP/TM elements• Former VIA-SKA Project Manager• VLT Archive Applied Scientist, later ALMA
Science Archive Front-/Back-end Developer at ESO
• Ph.D. in Radio Astronomical data archives and Virtual Observatory
• Software Analyst/Manager
Who am I?
Spain SKA Day, October 23rd, Granada
• Systems Engineer for the SDP/TM elements• We are guardians to ensure that the SKA:
• is buildable • operates as intended• as a system, is not dominated by a
particular element• design changes keep it that way
Who am I?
SKAOffice(RevN) -JCG.vsd
2014-04-14
Deputy Director-General and
Head of Project(Alistair McPherson)
Director-General(Phil Diamond)
Project Officer Industry LiaisonOfficer
(Phil Crosby)In-Kind Contribution
Head of Admin and Legal
(Colin Greenwood)
Finance Manager(Helen MacDonald)
HR Manager(Andrew Taylor)
IT Manager(Paul Furness)
Deputy IT Manager
(tbc)
Executive Officer(Sarah-Jane Pritchard)
Dpty Comms. & Outreach Manager
(Mathieu Isidro)
Director of Policy Development
(Simon Berry)
Engineering Project Manager
Dishes(Mark Harman)
Engineering Project Manager
CSP and LFAA(Kobus Cloete)
Engineering Project Manager
SaDT(Philip Gibbs)
System EngineerVerification
System EngineerRAM and ILS
(Cornelius Taljaard)
System EngineerDishes
(Andrea Cremonini)
System EngineerLFAA
(Maria Labate)
System EngineerCSP
(Marco Caiazzo)
System EngineerSaDT
(Rodrigo Olguin)
System EngineerSDP/Telescope Mgr
(Juande Santander)
System EngineerAnalysis
System EngineerModelling
Configuration Manager(Susan Nel)
Engineering Project Manager
Site and Infrastructure(Martin Austin)
Architect(Tim Cornwell)
Deputy Architect(Peter Dewdney)
Domain SpecialistSignal Processing
(Wallace Turner)
Domain SpecialistSaDT and
Synchronisation and Timing
(Roshene McCool)
Domain SpecialistRF/Dish
(Gie Han Tan)
Project Scientist(Jimi Green)
Project Scientist(Tyler Bourke)
Project Scientist(Jeff Wagg)
Admin Assistant
(Donna Parkinson)
Domain SpecialistAA�and�PAF
(Mark Waterson)
Chief System Engineer
(Tim Stevenson)
Communications& Outreach Manager
(William Garnier)
IT Assistant(Nathan Cunningham)
Head of Policy Development
(WANG Qiming)
Spectrum Manager
Power Engineer(Adriaan Schutte)
Office Manager and PA to D-G
(Greta Collins)
Science Director(Robert Braun)
Project Controller
Domain Specialist Operations
AIV Work Package Manager
(Peter Hekman)
Engineering Project ManagerSDP and Telescope
Manager(Miles Deegan)
Receptionist(Val Gresley-Jones)
0.5FTE
Receptionist(Anne Curran)
0.5FTE
Domain Specialist Computing
Spain SKA Day, October 23rd, Granada
What do we do?
Spain SKA Day, October 23rd, Granada
Systems Engineering Primer
Systems Engineering Primer
Systems Engineering Primer
Science WGs AG group SE group
Systems Engineering Primer
Systems Engineering PrimerSE group AG group
Consortia
Systems Engineering Primer
Systems Engineering Primer
Systems Engineering Primer
Systems Engineering Primer: Docs
Systems Engineering Primer: Docs
Systems Engineering Primer: Docs
Systems Engineering Primer: Docs
Spain SKA Day, October 23rd, Granada
When does all this take place?
Spain SKA Day, October 23rd, Granada
The SKA1 timeline
20162015 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 20232014
High/level/design
Rebaselining/submissions/(RBS)
Preliminary/Design/Review/(elements)
Detailed/design
Prototype/systems/deployed
Critical/Design/Review
SKA1/construction/approvedProcurement
SKA1/early/science
SKA1/construction
SKA2/detailed/design
Design/consortia/start
SKA2/procurementSKA2/construction/starts
SKA2/concept/development
Board/RBS/approval 3K5/Mar/15
15K22/Sep/14
1/Nov/13
PreKconstruction/Stage/1
PreKconstruction/Stage/2
Production*Readiness*Review*(4*dish*array)
Construction*Readiness*Review*(1*dish*line9up)
New/SKA/Organisation/in/place
Key/Doc/Set/&/Prospectus
Formal/negotiations
Ratification/of/Agreements Organisation/has/minimum/no./Members/with/Agreements/ratified
Agreements/in/Key/Doc/Set/signed
Andrea/Casson,/SKAO/Project/Controller,/Sept/2014
System/PDR
Integration/testing/on/site
Advanced/Instrumentation/Prog.
KEY:/Blue/=/SKA1/science/&/engineering;/orange/=/policy;/green/=/SKA2;/milestones*in*italics*=/proposals/under/discussion
The SKA1 timeline
Spain SKA Day, October 23rd, Granada
The SKA1 timeline
Issue%Baseline%Design
Science%Assessment%Workshops
Proposal%Feedback
Level%1%Requirements%Feedback
Science%Conference
Engineering%Meeting
Engineering%Change%Proposals
Designs%&%Costs
SKAO%Review
Technical%Advice(working%groups)
SEAC
Board
Consortium%Design%Activities
Level%0%Requirements
Brief%SEAC
2013 2015Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar
2014
PDR
ScienceReview%Panel
ScienceReview%Panel
Issue%Baseline%Design
Science%Assessment%Workshops
Proposal%Feedback
Level%1%Requirements%Feedback
Science%Conference
Engineering%Meeting
Engineering%Change%Proposals
Designs%&%Costs
SKAO%Review
Technical%Advice(working%groups)
SEAC
Board
Consortium%Design%Activities
Level%0%Requirements
Brief%SEAC
2013 2015Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar
2014
PDR
ScienceReview%Panel
ScienceReview%Panel
Spain SKA Day, October 23rd, Granada
The SKA1 timeline
Issue%Baseline%Design
Science%Assessment%Workshops
Proposal%Feedback
Level%1%Requirements%Feedback
Science%Conference
Engineering%Meeting
Engineering%Change%Proposals
Designs%&%Costs
SKAO%Review
Technical%Advice(working%groups)
SEAC
Board
Consortium%Design%Activities
Level%0%Requirements
Brief%SEAC
2013 2015Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar
2014
PDR
ScienceReview%Panel
ScienceReview%Panel
!! !!
!! !!
!!!!
!!(43)
!!
!!
!!
!!
Issue%Baseline%Design
Science%Assessment%Workshops
Proposal%Feedback
Level%1%Requirements%Feedback
Science%Conference
Engineering%Meeting
Engineering%Change%Proposals
Designs%&%Costs
SKAO%Review
Technical%Advice(working%groups)
SEAC
Board
Consortium%Design%Activities
Level%0%Requirements
Brief%SEAC
2013 2015Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar
2014
PDR
ScienceReview%Panel
ScienceReview%Panel
The SKA1 timeline
Issue%Baseline%Design
Science%Assessment%Workshops
Proposal%Feedback
Level%1%Requirements%Feedback
Science%Conference
Engineering%Meeting
Engineering%Change%Proposals
Designs%&%Costs
SKAO%Review
Technical%Advice(working%groups)
SEAC
Board
Consortium%Design%Activities
Level%0%Requirements
Brief%SEAC
2013 2015Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar
2014
PDR
ScienceReview%Panel
ScienceReview%Panel
Issue%Baseline%Design
Science%Assessment%Workshops
Proposal%Feedback
Level%1%Requirements%Feedback
Science%Conference
Engineering%Meeting
Engineering%Change%Proposals
Designs%&%Costs
SKAO%Review
Technical%Advice(working%groups)
SEAC
Board
Consortium%Design%Activities
Level%0%Requirements
Brief%SEAC
2013 2015Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar
2014
PDR
ScienceReview%Panel
ScienceReview%Panel
• Formed by External Reviewers, AG representative, SE representative, PM, Observers
• Chaired by a selected External Reviewer• SKAO Project Manager acts as Secretary
• SKAO personnel contributes to OAR• Consortia respond to Consolidated OAR
before PDR review• Face-to-face for outstanding actions, 1-2 days
PDR panels and process
• Element overall design report. • Specific design reports for all
second tier subsystems (the Element being the first tier), including manufacturing/procurement approach, transport, installation, verification, support…
• Finite element models (if needed).• Software architecture models and
use cases.• Parametric models.• Analysis reports: Finite element
modelling (including all mechanical and thermal load cases), thermal analysis, fluid dynamics, RFI/EMC analysis, safety analysis, hazard analysis…
• Cost analysis (development, construction, verification, commissioning & steady state ops).
• Preliminary construction plans. • Configuration items list.• Compliance matrix.• Preliminary maintenance plan.• Preliminary verification plan.• Schedule estimate for construction.• High level risk register.• Draft Statement of work for the
construction of the Element.• Draft technical specifications for
the construction of the Element.
PDR documentation
• Interface Control Documents (ICDs)• Owned by the SKAO, developed
between the Consortia• Technology Readiness Level Assessment
• Controlled through Risk Register right now
PDR documentation (in parallel)
Spain SKA Day, October 23rd, Granada
Meantime…
Spain SKA Day, October 23rd, Granada
Rebaselining SKA1
Spain SKA Day, October 23rd, Granada
• Cost cap approved for SKA1 Construction:650 M€
• Need to re-align design with costs (CAPEX and OPEX), and science priorities
• Processed owned by Architecture Group ➡Assisted by Systems Engineering Group
• Transformational science is a top priority• Big ECP for changing baseline design
Rebaselining SKA1
Spain SKA Day, October 23rd, Granada
• The new baseline design will be the new stable basis for Stage 2 design.
• PDR to be done on pre=rebaselining submissions➡Potential ∆PDR if significant changes
needed to design• Work from PDR to CDR based on new
baseline.
Rebaselining SKA1
Spain SKA Day, October 23rd, Granada
To CDR and Beyond
• Most likely, same as for PDR: formed by External Reviewers, AG representative, SE representative, PM, Observers
CDR panels and process
• Complete documentation for Element procurement: SoW, specs, drawings & ICDs.
• Specific design reports for all subsystems, including transport, integration & verification.
• All finite element models. • Software architecture models &
use cases • Software libraries required to
demonstrate compliance • Software configuration information
for demonstration of compliance. • Parametric models used for design
optimization.
• Analysis reports: similar to PDR one, with ops & construction/assembly.
• Integrated Logistics (RAMS/FMECA) report
• End-to-end detailed cost breakdown.• Construction plan, with
acceptance test plan and procedures.
• Operations (including maintenance) plan • Logistics requirements for
construction, training• Configuration items list• Schedule for construction.• Detailed risk register.
CDR documentation
Spain SKA Day, October 23rd, Granada
• SKA Board to approve SKA1 construction.• Later comes Tender and Procurement:
• Rules being defined right now (see Phil’s talk)• Cannot assume same consortia will
undertake packages… or package structure will remain the same
• Later Construction, Commissioning, Early Science…
Beyond CDR… Solid CDR
crucial!
20162015 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 20232014
High/level/design
Rebaselining/submissions/(RBS)
Preliminary/Design/Review/(elements)
Detailed/design
Prototype/systems/deployed
Critical/Design/Review
SKA1/construction/approvedProcurement
SKA1/early/science
SKA1/construction
SKA2/detailed/design
Design/consortia/start
SKA2/procurementSKA2/construction/starts
SKA2/concept/development
Board/RBS/approval 3K5/Mar/15
15K22/Sep/14
1/Nov/13
PreKconstruction/Stage/1
PreKconstruction/Stage/2
Production*Readiness*Review*(4*dish*array)
Construction*Readiness*Review*(1*dish*line9up)
New/SKA/Organisation/in/place
Key/Doc/Set/&/Prospectus
Formal/negotiations
Ratification/of/Agreements Organisation/has/minimum/no./Members/with/Agreements/ratified
Agreements/in/Key/Doc/Set/signed
Andrea/Casson,/SKAO/Project/Controller,/Sept/2014
System/PDR
Integration/testing/on/site
Advanced/Instrumentation/Prog.
KEY:/Blue/=/SKA1/science/&/engineering;/orange/=/policy;/green/=/SKA2;/milestones*in*italics*=/proposals/under/discussion
The SKA1 timeline
Spain SKA Day, October 23rd, Granada
Accomplishments & Ongoing Activities
SKA Engineering Meeting 2014
• Great technical progress seen in the last year• Parametrics models, SysML diagrams,
Product Trees, Interface Control Documents… progressing nicely across consortia
• Better understanding of key architectural issues• Pre-PDR submissions clarified after
Engineering Meeting
Element Progress
Not talking about
building the SKA,
but building the SKA!
• One for SKA1-Low, one for SKA1-Mid/Survey• Focused on technical & architectural
hotspots• Calibration feedback• SDP location• Time reference & definitions• Other hotspots as identified with consortia
Telescope Architecture Teams
• Uses Science Prioritization Use Cases• Drives models for
• SDP sizing• Power consumption• Telescope scheduling
• Used to bring insight into feasible ways to operate the telescope
Year in the Life of SKA1
• Further specialization of the ConOps• Work started by NRAO contractors
• Will provide SKAO with Operations Model by end 2014
• Will help filling in missing details that can impact design
Operations Concept Document
Spain SKA Day, October 23rd, Granada
And Industry?
• Varied industry involvement:• Unpaid Consultants (Roadmaps, Trends)• Paid Contractors (SE, PM, at this stage)
• Remember: design work cannot be predicated on single-vendor solutions
• Industry engagement with consortia done by consortia themselves• SKAO can help get people in touch
And Industry?
• Standards-based approach well regarded• Model-Based System Engineering (SysML)
currently standard in SKAO, and many consortia
• Keep in touch!
And Industry?
Phil Crosby,
Industry Liaison
Spain SKA Day, October 23rd, Granada
Conclusions
• Lots to do before Procurement!• Timeline is king, and we mean to keep it that way• Progress, don’t dwell on things• We are here to help consortia help us
• SKA1 must be transformational for science• Industry should be considering potential
applications now, to be able to be involved later
Conclusions
SKA means the industrialization of Radio Astronomy
• Lots to do before Procurement!• Timeline is king, and we mean to keep it that way• Progress, don’t dwell on things• We are here to help consortia help us
• SKA1 must be transformational for science• Industry should be considering potential
applications now, to be able to be involved later
Conclusions
We will be needing industry, in a big way
Spain SKA Day, October 23rd, Granada
Thanks for yourgood work!
Questions?Juande Santander-Vela