Cansat Pdr

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IOWA STATE UNIVERISTY CANSAT 2008


“Preliminary Design Review”“Preliminary Design Review”

MEMBERSMEMBERS Edward Malek

Team leader: electronics, software, and mechanical components

Ryan Krafka Lead: programmer,

structures analyst, and researcher

Mike Stebniski Lead: Machinist and

mechanical components

Edward Malek Team leader: electronics,

software, and mechanical components

Ryan Krafka Lead: programmer,

structures analyst, and researcher

Mike Stebniski Lead: Machinist and

mechanical components







Basic RequirementsBasic Requirements

Mass of cansat is not to exceed 500g Cylindrical body and frame:

72 mm diameter 279 mm length

Compatible with Forte Rocket $2000 budget Components able to withstand 20 g’s External power control (i.e. remote on/off

capabilities)

Mass of cansat is not to exceed 500g Cylindrical body and frame:

72 mm diameter 279 mm length

Compatible with Forte Rocket $2000 budget Components able to withstand 20 g’s External power control (i.e. remote on/off

capabilities)



Flight RequirementsFlight Requirements

Decent Rate Between 4.6 and 2.2 m/s

Telemeter the following data at 2hz GPS position (longitude & latitude) Number of GPS satellites tracked Altitude (not with GPS) Battery voltage and current (house keeping)

Decent Rate Between 4.6 and 2.2 m/s

Telemeter the following data at 2hz GPS position (longitude & latitude) Number of GPS satellites tracked Altitude (not with GPS) Battery voltage and current (house keeping)

Upon Landing RequirementsUpon Landing Requirements

Switch to a different channel Within 10 seconds of landing cansat must measure, via

direct contact, the ground temperature Take at least six readings per hour for three hours

Switch to a different channel Within 10 seconds of landing cansat must measure, via

direct contact, the ground temperature Take at least six readings per hour for three hours



Post Flight RequirementsPost Flight Requirements

Apogee (m) Maximum, Minimum, and Average decent

rates (m/s) Decent duration (s) Landing coordinates (Longitude, Latitude) Maximum, Minimum, and Average

temperature readings (oC) Total number of data readings

Apogee (m) Maximum, Minimum, and Average decent

rates (m/s) Decent duration (s) Landing coordinates (Longitude, Latitude) Maximum, Minimum, and Average

temperature readings (oC) Total number of data readings

System RequirementsSystem Requirements

Battery: powers hardware GPS: Longitude and Latitude readings Altimeter: Altitude readings Thermal Couple: Temperature readings Ammeter: Measures current Voltmeter: Measures voltage Microprocessor: Like a minicomputer it will

receive and output all data Transceiver: Transmits and receives data

Battery: powers hardware GPS: Longitude and Latitude readings Altimeter: Altitude readings Thermal Couple: Temperature readings Ammeter: Measures current Voltmeter: Measures voltage Microprocessor: Like a minicomputer it will

receive and output all data Transceiver: Transmits and receives data

System Requirements AllocationSystem Requirements Allocation

Battery: must provide power to various systems for at least three and a half hours

Microprocessor: must be compatible with our 5 system sensors to measure Temperature, GPS coordinates, Altitude, Current, and Voltage readings. It must also output this information to the transceiver in an appropriate manner

Transceiver: must be able to effectively transmit data and receive commands from the ground control station (ie: turning on/off systems)

Battery: must provide power to various systems for at least three and a half hours

Microprocessor: must be compatible with our 5 system sensors to measure Temperature, GPS coordinates, Altitude, Current, and Voltage readings. It must also output this information to the transceiver in an appropriate manner

Transceiver: must be able to effectively transmit data and receive commands from the ground control station (ie: turning on/off systems)

Systems ConceptsSystems Concepts Location coordinates will be measured by means

of GPS Geometric Height will be measured with an

accurate Altimeter Temperature will be measured with a simple

Thermal Couple System current and voltage will be measured by a

voltmeter and ammeter respectively

Location coordinates will be measured by means of GPS

Geometric Height will be measured with an accurate Altimeter

Temperature will be measured with a simple Thermal Couple

System current and voltage will be measured by a voltmeter and ammeter respectively

System Context Diagram System Context Diagram

VoltmeterHousekeeping Telemetry

Voltage (mV)

AmmeterHousekeeping Telemetry

Current (mA)

TranceiverTransmits system data to GCS

Receives and initiates comands from GCS

MicroprocessorProcess data from system to

organize and output to Tranciever

AltimeterGeometric Altiude (m)

GPS Longitude & Latitude (degrees)

Thermal CoupleTemperature (degrees C)

BatteryPowers System Hardware

VoltmeterHousekeeping Telemetry

Voltage (mV)

AmmeterHousekeeping Telemetry

Current (mA)

TranceiverTransmits system data to GCS

Receives and initiates comands from GCS

MicroprocessorProcess data from system to

organize and output to Tranciever

AltimeterGeometric Altiude (m)

GPS Longitude & Latitude (degrees)

Thermal CoupleTemperature (degrees C)

BatteryPowers System Hardware

Sensor Systems OverviewSensor Systems Overview

GPS = location Altimeter = altitude Thermal Couple = temperature Current = ammeter Voltage = voltmeter

GPS = location Altimeter = altitude Thermal Couple = temperature Current = ammeter Voltage = voltmeter

Sensor RequirementsSensor Requirements

GPS: Accurate within 10 meters Altimeter: Accurate within 4 meters Thermal Couple: start within 10 seconds

of landing six readings per hour for three hours and accurate within 2 degrees Celsius

Ammeter: Measures current accurately Voltmeter: Measures voltage accurately

GPS: Accurate within 10 meters Altimeter: Accurate within 4 meters Thermal Couple: start within 10 seconds

of landing six readings per hour for three hours and accurate within 2 degrees Celsius

Ammeter: Measures current accurately Voltmeter: Measures voltage accurately

GPSGPS

An accurate and compatible GPS sensor is essential to our cansat

The GPS sensor will be responsible for determining location during flight and upon landing

SIRF II or SIRF III

An accurate and compatible GPS sensor is essential to our cansat

The GPS sensor will be responsible for determining location during flight and upon landing

SIRF II or SIRF III





AltimeterAltimeter

An accurate altimeter will be in use from takeoff to landing

This data will be used to calculate Maximum, Minimum and Average Velocity as well as Apogee in engineering units

An accurate altimeter will be in use from takeoff to landing

This data will be used to calculate Maximum, Minimum and Average Velocity as well as Apogee in engineering units



Thermal CoupleThermal Couple

We will use a simple Thermal Couple in conjunction with a spring loaded probe

Probe will be compressed while in rocket

When deployed it will extend out

When cansat lands probe will easily contact ground because of ballast

We will use a simple Thermal Couple in conjunction with a spring loaded probe

Probe will be compressed while in rocket

When deployed it will extend out

When cansat lands probe will easily contact ground because of ballast



Ammeter/VoltmeterAmmeter/Voltmeter

Simple Ammeter and Voltmeter will be connected between battery and microprocessor

They will accurately measure voltage and current of the battery

This data will be closely monitored throughout mission

Simple Ammeter and Voltmeter will be connected between battery and microprocessor

They will accurately measure voltage and current of the battery

This data will be closely monitored throughout mission



Communication Requirements Communication Requirements

Must utilize Aerocomm transceivers

Direct relay communication during flight and indirect upon landing

Compatible with all sensors in the cansat

Able to transmit large amounts of data @ 2 hrz

Familiar with protocols

Must utilize Aerocomm transceivers

Direct relay communication during flight and indirect upon landing

Compatible with all sensors in the cansat

Able to transmit large amounts of data @ 2 hrz

Familiar with protocols



Communication System Communication System

The Cansat will utilize Aerocomm AC4790-200 transceivers Transceivers both send and receive data A transceiver mounted on the cansat will both transmit scientific data

to the GCS and receive commands from the GCS A transceiver at the GCS will receive scientific data from the cansat

and transmit commands to the cansat

The Cansat will utilize Aerocomm AC4790-200 transceivers Transceivers both send and receive data A transceiver mounted on the cansat will both transmit scientific data

to the GCS and receive commands from the GCS A transceiver at the GCS will receive scientific data from the cansat

and transmit commands to the cansat




are needed to see this picture.GCS cansat

Electrical and Power Systems Electrical and Power Systems

Non Electrical Engineers This has been the hardest part of the project and a place

where we are learning the most Talking with EE department Trying to make EE friends

Non Electrical Engineers This has been the hardest part of the project and a place

where we are learning the most Talking with EE department Trying to make EE friends



The electrical system is arguable the most important part of the cansatIt will connect all of our systems and make them work together to complete the mission

Electrical and Power SystemsElectrical and Power Systems At the heart of the Electrical

system is the Microprocessor We will be using an Arduino

Bare Bones Board Microprocessor

This is the smaller equivalent to the Arduino Duemilanove Microprocessor

Arduino is open sourced and extremely popular in the world of EE

At the heart of the Electrical system is the Microprocessor

We will be using an Arduino Bare Bones Board Microprocessor

This is the smaller equivalent to the Arduino Duemilanove Microprocessor

Arduino is open sourced and extremely popular in the world of EE



Electrical and Power SystemsElectrical and Power Systems

The Cansat will be powered by a lightweight and efficient battery

It must maintain a constant charge for 3-4 hours If we have time we would like to try and make our

cansat solar powered to minimize weight

The Cansat will be powered by a lightweight and efficient battery

It must maintain a constant charge for 3-4 hours If we have time we would like to try and make our

cansat solar powered to minimize weight


are needed to see this picture.QuickTime™ and a

TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressorare needed to see this picture.

Loc Forte RocketLoc Forte Rocket

This will be provided to us by the Iowa State University Rocket Club

Specifications Length 45 in Diameter 3 in Weight 20 oz 1 stage ~1000 ft altitude

This will be provided to us by the Iowa State University Rocket Club

Specifications Length 45 in Diameter 3 in Weight 20 oz 1 stage ~1000 ft altitude



QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressorare needed to see this picture.QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressorare needed to see this picture.

Flight Design RequirementsFlight Design Requirements

Throughout flight all sensors and hardware will be in use

GPS, # Satellites, Altitude, Velocity, Voltage, and Current will be telemeter and recorded

All systems must be able to withstand 20 g’s

Throughout flight all sensors and hardware will be in use

GPS, # Satellites, Altitude, Velocity, Voltage, and Current will be telemeter and recorded

All systems must be able to withstand 20 g’s

Flight Design SeparationFlight Design Separation

The Cansat will utilize a typical launch and separation sequence illustrated in the Competition Guide

This type of separation uses an ejection charge and allows the cansat to easily fall out of payload section by gravity

The Cansat will utilize a typical launch and separation sequence illustrated in the Competition Guide

This type of separation uses an ejection charge and allows the cansat to easily fall out of payload section by gravity



Decent DesignDecent Design

After separation the cansat will fall back to earth by parachute

The parachute will be fixed to the end of the cansat

This will minimize the stresses on our circuit board when it impacts ground

After separation the cansat will fall back to earth by parachute

The parachute will be fixed to the end of the cansat

This will minimize the stresses on our circuit board when it impacts ground



Decent RequirementsDecent Requirements

Throughout the decent stage, all electrical systems will be in use

Decent rate should be between 4.6 m/s and 2.2 m/s based on parachute size

GPS, # Satellites, Altitude, Velocity, Voltage, and Current data will be telemeter and recorded

Throughout the decent stage, all electrical systems will be in use

Decent rate should be between 4.6 m/s and 2.2 m/s based on parachute size

GPS, # Satellites, Altitude, Velocity, Voltage, and Current data will be telemeter and recorded

Mechanical SystemsMechanical Systems

The Frame and is made of milled aluminum and threaded rod

The shell will be made of fiberglass composite and epoxy to avoid transmission interference

The Frame and is made of milled aluminum and threaded rod

The shell will be made of fiberglass composite and epoxy to avoid transmission interference



Mechanical SystemsMechanical Systems

The temperature probe will be spring loaded and located on the underside of the cansat

During deployment from the rocket it will protrude from the shell

Upon landing it will contact the ground due to a low center of mass

The temperature probe will be spring loaded and located on the underside of the cansat

During deployment from the rocket it will protrude from the shell

Upon landing it will contact the ground due to a low center of mass



Mass BudgetMass Budget 250 g frame 50 g shell 60 g battery 20 g Microprocessor 20 g transceiver 10 g GPS 20 g altimeter 2 g thermocouple 60 g bread board 8 g wires, capacitors, resistors, etc 500 gram total mass

250 g frame 50 g shell 60 g battery 20 g Microprocessor 20 g transceiver 10 g GPS 20 g altimeter 2 g thermocouple 60 g bread board 8 g wires, capacitors, resistors, etc 500 gram total mass



QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressorare needed to see this picture.







Ground Control System (GCS)Ground Control System (GCS)

This will consist of a transceiver and a full sized Arduino Duemilanove microprocessor connected to a computer through a USB port

Telemeter data will be received by the transceiver and transferred to a program in the computer

Programs: Altitude, Velocity, GPS position, Temperature, Voltage, and Current

This will consist of a transceiver and a full sized Arduino Duemilanove microprocessor connected to a computer through a USB port

Telemeter data will be received by the transceiver and transferred to a program in the computer

Programs: Altitude, Velocity, GPS position, Temperature, Voltage, and Current

Ground Control SystemGround Control System







ScheduleScheduleFebruary Finish frame and shell Preliminary Design Review and presentation Acquire electrical hardware Assemble and test electrical system Telemetry system March Mid-term Spring Break Hardware Review Assemble and test electrical system Finalize telemetry system Parachute apparatus

February Finish frame and shell Preliminary Design Review and presentation Acquire electrical hardware Assemble and test electrical system Telemetry system March Mid-term Spring Break Hardware Review Assemble and test electrical system Finalize telemetry system Parachute apparatus

ScheduleScheduleApril Comprehensive Design Review Finalize electrical system Integrate electrical system with frame and shell May Final Exams Comprehensive testing June Final testing Cansat workshop Cansat competition!!

April Comprehensive Design Review Finalize electrical system Integrate electrical system with frame and shell May Final Exams Comprehensive testing June Final testing Cansat workshop Cansat competition!!

BudgetBudget

Arduino DuemilanoveMicroprocessor. Open sourced and used by many in Electrical Engineering department. The Arduino programs in C/C++, and is very compatible with sensors. $30.95 (www.hacktronic.com)

Proto Shield for Arduino microprocessor. Will greatly enhance the number of inputs and outputs on microprocessor. Will make it more compatible. $15.00 (www.adafruit.com)

Bare Bones Board

This is the Arduino microprocessor that will actually be used in the cansat. It has the same capabilities as the Arduino Duemilanove, but much smaller. $25.00 (www.moderndevice.com)

Arduino DuemilanoveMicroprocessor. Open sourced and used by many in Electrical Engineering department. The Arduino programs in C/C++, and is very compatible with sensors. $30.95 (www.hacktronic.com)

Proto Shield for Arduino microprocessor. Will greatly enhance the number of inputs and outputs on microprocessor. Will make it more compatible. $15.00 (www.adafruit.com)

Bare Bones Board

This is the Arduino microprocessor that will actually be used in the cansat. It has the same capabilities as the Arduino Duemilanove, but much smaller. $25.00 (www.moderndevice.com)

http://www.hackfun.com/



http://www.adafruit.com/



http://www.moderndevice.com/












BudgetBudgetBattery/ Battery Adapter

Typical cell phone batter, but with voltages between 5 and 9 volts. We will also need some type of adapter between battery and microprocessor. $15.00

Aerocomm AC4790-200 TransceiverA required transceiver used to telemeter data and commands. True peer-to-peer protocol, which allows it to communicate with any other in range transceiver. Up to 48 channels with a four-mile range. $60 x 2 = $120 (www.mouser.com)

SIRFIII GPSUses National Marine Electronics Association (NMEA) protocol, basic longitude and latitude. It is also capable of tracking the number of satellites it uses. Many people have adapted this GPS to the Arduino microprocessor.

$64.95 (www.sparkfun.com)

Battery/ Battery AdapterTypical cell phone batter, but with voltages between 5 and 9 volts. We will also need some type of adapter between battery and microprocessor. $15.00

Aerocomm AC4790-200 TransceiverA required transceiver used to telemeter data and commands. True peer-to-peer protocol, which allows it to communicate with any other in range transceiver. Up to 48 channels with a four-mile range. $60 x 2 = $120 (www.mouser.com)

SIRFIII GPSUses National Marine Electronics Association (NMEA) protocol, basic longitude and latitude. It is also capable of tracking the number of satellites it uses. Many people have adapted this GPS to the Arduino microprocessor.

$64.95 (www.sparkfun.com)

http://www.mouser.com/

http://www.sparkfun.com/



http://www.mouser.com/




BudgetBudgetSCP1000 Pressure Sensor / Altimeter

For barometric pressure and altimeter applications. Operates Between 30 and 120 kPa (-2000 and 9000 m). $54.95 (www.sparkfun.com)

VoltmeterFor measuring batter voltage.$10

AmmeterFor measuring battery current.$10

Thermal CoupleFor temperature measurement upon landing$10

MiscellaneousBreadboard, capacitors, resistors, insulated wires, LEDS, USB port cable, transistors (for switches), and etc$45

SCP1000 Pressure Sensor / AltimeterFor barometric pressure and altimeter applications. Operates Between 30 and 120 kPa (-2000 and 9000 m). $54.95 (www.sparkfun.com)

VoltmeterFor measuring batter voltage.$10

AmmeterFor measuring battery current.$10

Thermal CoupleFor temperature measurement upon landing$10

MiscellaneousBreadboard, capacitors, resistors, insulated wires, LEDS, USB port cable, transistors (for switches), and etc$45

Total Price Tag:

Priceless

I mean: ~$500







Questions?Questions?

“Preliminary Design Review”“Preliminary Design Review”




Documents

Cansat Pdr