RPM
Redhat Package ManagerT [email protected]
Install Packages
Source Compilation
Installpkg
Rpm
dpkg
What RPM can do?
Install
Remove
Query
Verify
Upgrade
Who use it?
Redhat
Fedora
CentOS
Mandriva
SuSE
...
RPM Terminology
kernel-smp-2.4.18-3.athlon.rpm kernel-smp-2.4.18-3.i586.rpm
kernel-smp-2.4.18-3.i686.rpm kernel-source-2.4.18-3.i386.rpm
rootfiles-7.2-1.noarch.rpm
name-version-release.architecture.rpm
RPM Database
Dir : /var/lib/rpm
# cd /var/lib/rpm# lstotal 3534-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1351680
Oct 17 10:35 fileindex.rpm-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 16384 Oct 17 10:35
groupindex.rpm-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 16384 Oct 17 10:35
nameindex.rpm-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2342536 Oct 17 10:35
packages.rpm-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 16384 Oct 17 10:35
providesindex.rpm-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 16384 Oct 17 10:35
requiredby.rpm#
Operations
Some Commands
rpm -U filename.rpm
rpm -i xcopilot-0.6.6-3.i386.rpm
rpm -U xcopilot-0.6.6-3.i386.rpm
rpm -Uhv xcopilot-0.6.6-3.i386.rpm
rpm e package_name
rpm qa | more
Install
Performing dependency checks.
Checking for conflicts.
Performing any tasks required before the install.
Deciding what to do with config files.
Unpacking files from the package and putting them in the proper
place.
Performing any tasks required after the install.
Keeping track of what it did.
Install Options
Examples
# rpm -ivv eject-1.2-2.i386.rpmD: installing
eject-1.2-2.i386.rpmInstalling eject-1.2-2.i386.rpmD: package:
eject-1.2-2 files test = 0D: running preinstall script (if any)D:
setting file owners and groups by name (not id)D: ///usr/bin/eject
owned by root (0), group root (0) mode 755D:
///usr/man/man1/eject.1 owned by root (0), group root (0) mode
644D: running postinstall script (if any)#
Examples
# rpm -i --test rpm-2.0.11-1.i386.rpm/bin/rpm conflicts with
file from rpm-2.3-1/usr/bin/gendiff conflicts with file from
rpm-2.3-1/usr/bin/rpm2cpio conflicts with file from
rpm-2.3-1/usr/bin/rpmconvert conflicts with file from
rpm-2.3-1/usr/man/man8/rpm.8 conflicts with file from
rpm-2.3-1error: rpm-2.0.11-1.i386.rpm cannot be installed#
UnInstall rpm -e
It checks the RPM database to make sure that no other packages
depend on the package being erased.
It executes a pre-uninstall script (if one exists).
It checks to see if any of the package's config files have been
modified. If so, it saves copies of them.
It reviews the RPM database to find every file listed as being
part of the package, and if they do not belong to another package,
deletes them.
It executes a post-uninstall script (if one exists).
It removes all traces of the package (and the files belonging to
it) from the RPM database.
Erase Example
# rpm -evv ejectD: uninstalling record number 286040D: running
preuninstall script (if any)D: removing files test = 0D:
/usr/man/man1/eject.1 - removingD: /usr/bin/eject - removingD:
running postuninstall script (if any)D: removing database entryD:
removing name indexD: removing group indexD: removing file index
for /usr/bin/ejectD: removing file index for
/usr/man/man1/eject.1#
Upgrade
rpm -U
Installs the desired package.Erases all older versions of the
package, if any exist.
# rpm -U eject-1.2-2.i386.rpm
Query
Query Examples
# rpm -q libclibc-5.2.18-1
# rpm -qa | grep -i sysvSysVinit-2.64-2
# rpm -qf /bin/lsFileutils-3.12-3
# rpm -qp foo.barrpm-2.3-1
Query Examples
# rpm -qi rpmName : rpm Distribution: Red Hat Linux
VanderbiltVersion : 2.3 Vendor: Red Hat SoftwareRelease : 1 Build
Date: Tue Dec 24 09:07:59 1996Install date: Thu Dec 26 23:01:51
1996 Build Host: porky.redhat.comGroup : Utilities/System Source
RPM: rpm-2.3-1.src.rpmSize : 631157Summary : Red Hat Package
ManagerDescription :RPM is a powerful package manager, which can be
used to build, install,query, verify, update, and uninstall
individual software packages. Apackage consists of an archive of
files, and package information, includingname, version, and
description.
-c Display the Package's List of Configuration Files
# rpm -qc
XFree86/etc/X11/fs/config/etc/X11/twm/system.twmrc/etc/X11/xdm/GiveConsole/etc/X11/xdm/TakeConsole/etc/X11/xdm/Xaccess/etc/X11/xdm/Xresources/etc/X11/xdm/Xservers/etc/X11/xdm/Xsession/etc/X11/xdm/Xsetup_0/etc/X11/xdm/chooser
Query
-d Display a List of the Package's Documentation
# rpm -qdcf
/sbin/dump/etc/dumpdates/usr/doc/dump-0.3-5/usr/doc/dump-0.3-5/CHANGES/usr/doc/dump-0.3-5/COPYRIGHT/usr/doc/dump-0.3-5/INSTALL/usr/doc/dump-0.3-5/KNOWNBUGS/usr/doc/dump-0.3-5/THANKS/usr/doc/dump-0.3-5/dump-0.3.announce/usr/doc/dump-0.3-5/dump.lsm/usr/doc/dump-0.3-5/linux-1.2.x.patch
Query
--scripts Show Scripts Associated With a Package
# rpm -q --scripts XFree86preinstall script:(none)postinstall
script:/sbin/ldconfig/sbin/pamconfig --add --service=xdm
--password=none --sesslist=nonepreuninstall
script:(none)postuninstall script:/sbin/ldconfigif [ "$1" = 0 ] ;
then /sbin/pamconfig --remove --service=xdm --password=none
--sesslist=nonefiverify script: (none)
Query
# rpm -qid bashName :bash Distribution: Red Hat Linux
(Picasso)Version :1.14.6 Vendor: Red Hat SoftwareRelease :2 Build
Date: Sun Feb 25 13:59:26 1996Install date:Mon May 13 12:47:22 1996
Build Host: porky.redhat.comGroup :Shells Source RPM:
bash-1.14.6-2.src.rpmSize :486557Description :GNU Bourne Again
Shell
(bash)/usr/doc/bash-1.14.6-2/usr/doc/bash-1.14.6-2/NEWS/usr/doc/bash-1.14.6-2/README/usr/doc/bash-1.14.6-2/RELEASE/usr/info/bash.info.gz/usr/man/man1/bash.1#
Finding Documentation for a Specific Package
# rpm -qa --queryformat '%10{NAME} %20{GROUP}\n' | grep -i
shells ash Shells bash Shells csh Shells mc Shells tcsh Shells#
Finding Similar Packages
# rpm -qa --queryformat '%{installtime}
%{name}-%{version}-%{release} %{installtime:date}\n' | sort -nr |
sed -e 's/^[^ ]* //'rpm-devel-2.3-1 Thu Dec 26 23:02:05
1996rpm-2.3-1 Thu Dec 26 23:01:51 1996pgp-2.6.3usa-2 Tue Oct 22
19:39:09 1996pamconfig-0.50-5 Tue Oct 15 17:23:22 1996setup-1.5-1
Tue Oct 15 17:23:21 1996#
Finding Recently Installed Packages
# rpm -qa --queryformat '%{installtime}
%{name}-%{version}-%{release} %{installtime:date}\n' | sort -nr|
lesskernel-source-2.0.18-5 20608472tetex-0.3.4-3
19757371emacs-el-19.34-1 12259914rootfiles-1.3-1 3494mkinitrd-1.0-1
1898redhat-release-4.0-1 22#
Finding the Largest Installed Packages
Making Free space
Find the documentation filesrpm -qda|wc -lfor i in `rpm -qda`;
do if [ -f $i ]; then echo `ls -l $i|awk -F ' ' '{print \$5}'`; fi;
done >size
Verify
Owner
Group
Mode
MD5 Checksum
Size
Major Number
Minor Number
Symbolic Link String
Modification Time
Misc Options
# rpm rebuilddb
# rpm initdb
# rpm help|less
# rpm --version
SRPM RPM with Source
For automatic compilation and Installation
spec file
Where to get?
rpm.pbone.net
rpmfind.net
dag.wieers.com/rpm/packages
freshrpms.net
Thanks
http://www.rpm.org/max-rpm/
http://docs.fedoraproject.org/drafts/rpm-guide-en/index.html
Questions ?
OperationShort OptionLong Option
Upgrade/install -U --upgrade
Install -I --install
Remove -e --erase
Query -q --query
Verify -V --verify
Check signature -K --checksig
Freshen (upgrade) already-installed package -F --freshen
Initialize database None --initdb
Rebuild database None --rebuilddb
???Page ??? (???)25/09/2009, 22:10:09Page / rpm -i (or
--install) options file1.rpm fileN.rpm Parameters file1.rpm
fileN.rpm One or more RPM package files (URLs OK) Install-specific
Options -h (or --hash) Print hash marks ("#") during install --test
Perform installation tests only --percent Print percentages during
install --excludedocs Do not install documentation --includedocs
Install documentation --replacepkgs Replace a package with a new
copy of itself --replacefiles Replace files owned by another
package --force Ignore package and file conflicts --noscripts Do
not execute pre- and post-install scripts --prefix Relocate package
to if possible --ignorearch Do not verify package architecture
--ignoreos Do not verify package operating system --nodeps Do not
check dependencies --ftpproxy Use as the FTP proxy --ftpport Use as
the FTP port General Options -v Display additional information -vv
Display debugging information --root Set alternate root to --dbpath
Use to find the RPM database
???Page ??? (???)30/09/2009, 12:52:14Page / rpm -U (or
--upgrade)options file1.rpm fileN.rpm Parameters file1.rpm
fileN.rpm One or more RPM package files (URLs OK) Upgrade-specific
Options -h (or --hash) Print hash marks ("#") during upgrade[a]
--oldpackage Permit "upgrading" to an older package --test Perform
upgrade tests only--excludedocs Do not install
documentation--includedocs Install documentation--replacepkgs
Replace a package with a new copy of itself--replacefiles Replace
files owned by another package--force Ignore package and file
conflicts --percent Print percentages during upgrade--noscripts Do
not execute pre- and post-install scripts --prefix Relocate package
to if possible--ignorearch Do not verify package
architecture--ignoreos Do not verify package operating
system--nodeps Do not check dependencies--ftpproxy Use as the FTP
proxy--ftpport Use as the FTP portGeneral Options -v Display
additional information-vv Display debugging information--root Set
alternate root to --dbpath Use to find the RPM database
???Page ??? (???)30/09/2009, 13:55:05Page / Package Selection
Options pkg1 pkgN Query installed package(s) -p (or "-") Query
package file (URLs OK) -f Query package owning -a Query all
installed packages --whatprovides Query packages providing
capability -g Query packages belonging to group --whatrequires
Query packages requiring capability Information Selection Options
Display full package label -i Display summary package information
-l Display list of files in package -c Display list of
configuration files -d Display list of documentation files -s
Display list of files in package, with state --scripts Display
install, uninstall, verify scripts --queryformat (or --qf) Display
queried data in custom format --dump Display all verifiable
information for each file --provides Display capabilities package
provides --requires (or -R) Display capabilities package requires
General Options -v Display additional information -vv Display
debugging information --root Set alternate root to --rcfile Set
alternate rpmrc file to --dbpath Use to find the RPM database
???Page ??? (???)30/09/2009, 13:55:05Page /
