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Next Genera*on Sequencing: Reference Material (RM) Selec*on and Design Workgroup Genome in a BoAle Consor*um / NIST August 1617, 2012

Reference Materials Selection and Design Working Group Summary Aug2012

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Page 1: Reference Materials Selection and Design Working Group Summary Aug2012

Next  Genera*on  Sequencing:  Reference  Material  (RM)  Selec*on  and  

Design  

Workgroup  Genome  in  a  BoAle  Consor*um  /  NIST  

August  16-­‐17,  2012  

Page 2: Reference Materials Selection and Design Working Group Summary Aug2012

RM  Scope  

•  Human  Genome  &  Tumor  Sequencing  

•  Variant  Types  – SNP  –  InDel  /  Subs*tu*on  – CNV  – Structural  variant  

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Page 3: Reference Materials Selection and Design Working Group Summary Aug2012

Reference  Material  Needed  For  •  PlaVorm  valida*on  

–  Sequencing  System  –  Bioinforma*cs/Analysis  Pipeline  

•  Test  valida*on  – Whole  genome  –  Targeted  – Germline  vs.  tumor  

•  Reagent  valida*on  

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Page 4: Reference Materials Selection and Design Working Group Summary Aug2012

New  York  State  proposed  dra[  guidelines  for  NGS  clinical  cancer  tests    •  …  A  posi%ve/sensi%vity  control  should  be  included  to  

verify  analy*c  sensi*vity.  We  suggest  including  an  individually  bar  coded  low  posi*ve  control  near  the  sensi*vity  of  the  assay,  containing  mul*ple  known  soma*c  altera*ons  of  each  kind  to  be  detected,  to  verify  that  low  percentage  gene*c  variants  can  be  detected  in  every  run.  …  

•  Performance  characteris*cs  for  each  type  of  gene*c  altera*on  the  assay  is  intended  to  detect,  e.g.  SNVs,  indels,  CNVs,  must  be  established  and  validated  

•  Sequence  a  well-­‐characterized  reference  sample  (e.g.  HapMap  DNA  GM12878)  to  determine  error  rate  and  establish  depth/uniformity  of  coverage  across  all  amplicons.  

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Page 5: Reference Materials Selection and Design Working Group Summary Aug2012

Associa*on  for  Molecular  Pathology  Comments  to  FDA  UHT-­‐Sequencing  Mee*ng,  June  2011  

•  …  Performance  of  and  coverage  needs  for  a  given  plaVorm  are  likely  to  differ  depending  on  the  nucleic  acid  and  DNA  regions  analyzed,  the  variants  interrogated,  the  rela*ve  allele  propor*ons  of  par*cular  variants,  …  Evalua*on  should  consider  the  effects  of  rela*ve  GC  content,  homopolymeric  and  other  regions  of  repe**ve  sequence,  homologous  gene  regions  and  DNA  structural  variants,  …  This  necessitates  flexibility  and  individualiza*on  in  the  development  of  valida*on  protocols,  guidelines,  and  controls  on  a  (clinical)  applica*on-­‐by-­‐applica*on  basis.  …    

•  Assay  controls  should  include  a  range  of  variants,  …  Process  controls  like  NA12876  …  and  the  synthe*c  ERCC  RNA  transcripts  from  NIST  are  examples  of  poten%al  standard  reference  materials.  …  

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Page 6: Reference Materials Selection and Design Working Group Summary Aug2012

Reference  Material  PorVolio  Whole  Human  Genome  •  What  sources  of  RMs  to  consider  

–  Available  for  research  and  for  profit  –  Primary/  cell  line  

•  What  extent  of  prior  characteriza*on  •  Which  ethnici*es,  genders  •  Which  muta*ons  need  to  be  present  

–  Is  medical  relevance  necessary  •  Ini*ally  to  have  

–  ONE  characterized  genome  RM      -­‐  or  –  Mul*ple  genomes,  lower  level  of  characteriza*on  

•  Source  of  commercial  development  and  distribu*on  –  Manufactured  under  quality  system  for  diagnos*c  applica*ons  

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Page 7: Reference Materials Selection and Design Working Group Summary Aug2012

Workgroup  AAendees  

•  Approximately  25  aAendees  – Federal,  incl.  FDA,  CDA,  NIST  – Lab  accredita*on  – Clinical  reference  labs  – PlaVorm  technologies  – Reference  material  /  reagent  providers  – Research  

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Page 8: Reference Materials Selection and Design Working Group Summary Aug2012

Workgroup  Summary  (1)  Reference  Material  Use  

•  Characterize  PlaVorms  &  Methods    – DNA  sequencing  – Exis*ng  &  upcoming  NGS  technologies  – Research  applica*ons  – PlaVorm  &  methods  characteriza*on  for  clinical  diagnos*cs  applica*ons  

•  Not  intended  as  reference  material  for  – Valida*on  of  specific  muta*ons  in  a  panels  

Confidential – Do not copy or distribute | 8

Page 9: Reference Materials Selection and Design Working Group Summary Aug2012

Workgroup  Summary  (2)  Selected  Sample  

•  NA12878    – 6,000  controlled  aliquots  of  10ug  each  on  order  by  NIST  from  Coriell  

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Page 10: Reference Materials Selection and Design Working Group Summary Aug2012

Workgroup  Summary  (2)  Selected  Sample  

•  NA12878    – 6,000  controlled  aliquots  of  10ug  each  on  order  by  NIST  from  Coriell  

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Page 11: Reference Materials Selection and Design Working Group Summary Aug2012

Workgroup  Summary  (3)  Consent  

•  Consent  available  for    – Research    ü  

•  Consent  not  available  for  – Commercial  

•  Incl.  altera*ons,  re-­‐distribu*on  – Re-­‐iden*fica*on  through  sequence  data  

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NA12878 and family requires re-consenting for commercial use and potential re-identification

through sequence data

Page 12: Reference Materials Selection and Design Working Group Summary Aug2012

Workgroup  Summary  (4)  Sample  &  Consent  

•  If  re-­‐consen*ng  of  NA12878  not  possible,  replace  with  other  sample  (Trio)  

•  If  necessary,  do  sample  change  now,  since  early  in  process  of  selec*ng  reference  sample  

•  New  characteriza*on  of  reference  material  will  be  in  much  greater  depth  and  with  technologies  that  are  more  advanced  than  exis*ng  data  for  NA12878  

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Page 13: Reference Materials Selection and Design Working Group Summary Aug2012

Workgroup  Summary  (5)  Sample  Characteris*cs  

•  Sample  characteris*cs  are  more  important  than  selec*on  of  specific  sample  IDs  

•  More  reference  samples  preferred  over  fewer  samples  – Prefer  8  fully  characterized  samples  at  high  depth  and  corresponding  trios  at  lower  depth  over  4  fully  characterized  samples  plus  trios  

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Page 14: Reference Materials Selection and Design Working Group Summary Aug2012

Workgroup  Summary  (5)  Sample  Characteris*cs  (cont.)  

•  High  Priority  –  Mul*ple  ethnici*es  

•  Diversity  in  structural  varia*on  to  stress  systems  –  Balanced  female  to  male  ra*o  –  Cell  line,  low  passages  

•  Replenish  supply  

•  Nice  to  have  –  Interracial  marriage  samples    

•  Controlled  admixture  

•  Less  cri*cal  –  Phenotypic  characteriza*on  

•  Reference  material  not  for  discovery  –  Access  to  RNA  or  *ssues  

•  No  limitless  supply  of  material  with  iden*cal  characteris*cs  

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Page 15: Reference Materials Selection and Design Working Group Summary Aug2012

Workgroup  Summary  (6)  DNA  RM  Requirements  

•  DNA  from  low  passage  cell  lines  –  New  batches  from  low  passage  aliquots  

•  Modify  DNA  purifica*on  in  future  to  keep  step  with  new  NGS  technologies  –  Current  purified  DNA  fragment  sizes  are  80-­‐100kb  

•  OK  for  exis*ng  technologies  –  New  nanopore  technologies  may  need  Mbp  fragments  

•  Agarose  embedding  is  proven  extrac*on  technology  •  Consider  footprint  analysis  of  all  batches  prior  to  distribu*on  

–  Iden*fy  gene*c  dri[,  mix  ups,  ….  ,  develop  benchmarks  •  Reference  material  that  mimics  tumor  sample  characteris*cs  

–  FFPE  embedded  cells?  

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Page 16: Reference Materials Selection and Design Working Group Summary Aug2012

Workgroup  Summary  (7)  Sample  Source  Sugges*ons  

Most  support  •  Personal  Genome  Project  Samples    

–  Includes  trios    –  Use  sequence  data  to  derive  admixture  –  hAp://www.personalgenomes.org  –  Consent  includes  research  &  commercial  use  and  re-­‐iden*fica*on  

 Some  support  (if  consent  sufficient)  •  HS1011  

–  Charcot  Marie  Tooth  cell  line  •  Lupski  et  al,  NEJM  2010  

•  MCF10A    –  Normal  breast  cancer  

•  Used  by  Horizon  Dx  to  produce  isogenic  cell  lines  with  cancer  relevant  muta*ons  Other  •  African  American  sample  with  70%  sanger  sequence  (ID?)  

–  No  cell  line  available  –  Subject  s*ll  alive  =>  re-­‐consent  &  generate  cell  line?   | 16

Page 17: Reference Materials Selection and Design Working Group Summary Aug2012

Reference  Material  PorVolio  Synthe*c  DNA  •  What  types  are  most  useful  

–  Variant  types,  sequence  context,  phasing  •  Assess  strengths  &  weaknesses  of  plaVorm  •  Test  valida*on  for  exis*ng  and  medically  relevant  variants  

•  What  size  •  How  many  synthe*c  RMs  

–  PlaVorm  valida*on  –  Test  valida*on  

•  Which  exis*ng  sources  should  be  considered  –  Available  for  research  and  for  profit  

•  Source  of  commercial  development  and  distribu*on  –  Manufactured  under  quality  system  for  diagnos*c  applica*ons  

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Page 18: Reference Materials Selection and Design Working Group Summary Aug2012

Reference  Material  PorVolio  Synthe*c  DNA  •  What  types  are  most  useful  

–  Variant  types,  sequence  context,  phasing  •  Assess  strengths  &  weaknesses  of  plaVorm  •  Test  valida*on  for  exis*ng  and  medically  relevant  variants  

•  What  size  •  How  many  synthe*c  RMs  

–  PlaVorm  valida*on  –  Test  valida*on  

•  Which  exis*ng  sources  should  be  considered  –  Available  for  research  and  for  profit  

•  Source  of  commercial  development  and  distribu*on  –  Manufactured  under  quality  system  for  diagnos*c  applica*ons  

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Review by tele-conference

All are invited to participate

Page 19: Reference Materials Selection and Design Working Group Summary Aug2012

Confidential – Do not copy or distribute | 19

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