Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
Contrasting Megacities
• Destinations for newcomers (inner city or shanty town) and movers (suburbanisation)
What is the ‘developed’ and ‘developing’ world split?
Contrasting Megacities
Mega city or World city?
• Megacity – a city with a population of over 8 million people. E.g. Mumbai or Paris.
• World City – cities of power based on trade, political strength, innovation and communication. E.g. London or New York.
• Cities can be both a mega city and a world city e.g. Paris or London.
Contrasting Megacities
Megacities are all different. This is due to a number of different reasons;
1. DevelopmentMany of Asia's cities are centres of wealth, Africa’s centres of poverty.
2. MigrantSome skilled, entrepreneurial and young whilst some are poorer, older and forced to migrate.
3. Growth characteristicsCity growth by natural increase or migration?
4. Planning Asian cities planned, African unplanned (lack of planners and overwhelming poverty)
5. Rate of Population GrowthVaries; 2-4% in Latin America, 4-8% in African and Asian cities.
6. Urban Processes Different processes occurring in different cities. …
Contrasting Megacities
Urban Processes
a) Urban growth – physical growth of cities. b) Urban Sprawl – uncontrollable growth of cities into
surrounding rural land.c) Suburbanisation (LEDC cities) – when wealthy live often in
gated communities to escape crime, poverty and pollution from the CBD. Common in South Africa.
d) Counter Urbanisation (MEDC cities) – movement of people out of city to rural area.
e) Reurbanisation (MEDC cities) – Attempts to regenerate cities, especially in Asian cities.
All of these processes are linked to the cycle of urbanisation; Contrasting Megacities
The cycle of Urbanisation
Contrasting Megacities
World Urbanisation Types (p150)
• Immature developing cities• Consolidating Cities• Maturing Cities• Established Cities
Contrasting Megacities
Immature ( Lagos)
Consolidating – Cairo
Consolidating
Maturing (Mexico City
Maturing – Mexico City
Established – London
Established
Contrasting Mega Cities case studies: London (UK, Europe) and Mumbai (India, Asia)
1. London– Established City – 8M inhabitants – Main migrants are international into the city. – Dominant process of counter urbanisation and re-
urbanisation.
Contrasting Megacities
Reasons for the growth of London suburbs
1. TransportFor suburbs to develop excellent transport networks are needed. The
underground, overland trains, buses and now even bike hire means that it is easy to get from the suburbs into the city centre. In London the average commute is 40mins. Video here
2. Increasing Wealth Increase in service sector meant increase in wealth. Therefore more people
owned homes and wanted a larger one for family in the suburbs.
3. Households There has been an increase in the size and number of households as more
young people marry later. Older people living longer, occupying larger houses for longer.
Contrasting Megacities
Reasons for the growth of London suburbs
4. New Towns Watch this video and make notes
5. Shorter working hours Working a shorter day means that people are willing to travel further. This means that their day will not be unreasonably long.
6. Government funding In the 1920’s central government encouraged more local
authorities to build new social housing schemes (council housing).
Contrasting Megacities
Contrasting Mega Cities case studies: London (UK, Europe) and Mumbai (India, Asia)
• London• Make notes on London
and its growth using two sources;1. The photocopied
handout.2. The GeoFact Sheet.
Contrasting Megacities
