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Creating, distributing, and effectively using knowledge.
Business Process in an Organization.
Create, store, transfer, and apply knowledge.
IT system. (Storing, Collaboration, Location, Hidden Knowledge)
Developed in an Organization.
Management science
Business
Computer science
Organizational science
Library and information science
psychology
Social sciences
Planning and development
Frameworks Descriptions
Leonard-Barton,1995 1. Shared and creative problem solving
3. Experimenting and prototyping
4. Implementing and integrating new methodologies and tools.
Arthur Anderson and APQC, 1996 1. Share 2. Create 3. Identify 4. Collect 5. Adapt 6. Organize 7. Apply
Wiig, 1993 1. Creation 2. Manifestation 3. Use 4. Transfer
Choo, 1996 1. Sense making (includes “information interpretation”)
2. Knowledge creation (includes “information transformation”)
3. Decision making (includes “information processing”)
Van der spek andSpijkervet, 1997 In the Act process
1. Develop 2. Distribute 3. Combine 4. Hold
Nonaka, 1996 1. Socialization (conversion from tacit knowledge to tacit knowledge)
2. Internalization (conversion from explicit knowledge to tacit knowledge)
3. Combination (conversion from explicit knowledge to explicit knowledge)
4. Externalization (conversion from tacit knowledge to explicit knowledge)
Alavi, 1997 1. Acquisition (knowledge creation and content development)
2. Indexing 3. Filtering 4. Linking 5. Distributing 6. Application.
Szulanski, 1996 1. Initiation (recognize knowledge need and satisfy that need)
2. Implementation (knowledge transfer take place)
3. Ramp-up (use the transferred knowledge)
4. Integration (internalize the knowledge)
Build Computer Advantage.
Create Greater Value.
See the opportunities & Exploit them.
Improve organization effectiveness & Returns.
Developed IT.