Enabling Enterprise Enabling Enterprise Information Management to Information Management to Support Improvement and Support Improvement and

InnovationInnovation

Enabling Enterprise Enabling Enterprise Information Management to Information Management to Support Improvement and Support Improvement and

InnovationInnovationBabis TheodoulidisBabis Theodoulidis

Manchester Business SchoolManchester Business SchoolEmail: b.theodoulidis@manchester.ac.ukEmail: b.theodoulidis@manchester.ac.uk

ISIS Seminar - March 2008ISIS Seminar - March 2008

ISIS Seminar – March 2008

Key Issues

• is EIM a wicked problem?– YES

• How should we approach EIM?– Reduce its wickedness!

• My EIM Research Work

Enterprise Information

Management• Information

– Codified (data and content)– Source, destination, stakeholder

• Management– Structure, processing, delivery

• Organisational perspective

ISIS Seminar – March 2008

EIM Process1. understand enterprise needs for information

and the processes, policies, and organization needed to effectively govern information

2. evaluate the diverse technologies that can help satisfy these information needs

3. craft a top-down information management strategy, addressing high-priority business processes and enterprise information requirements first

Forrester, 2006ISIS Seminar – March 2008

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EIM Technology Perspectives

• Business Intelligence

• Enterprise Content Management

• Technology-based information processing vs exploitation of technology to increase business competiveness

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Enterprise Information

Management

• Getting the right information to the right person at the right place at the right time

• Decision making• Satisficing

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Problem Types

• Simple problems

• Complex problems

• Wicked problems

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Wicked Problems• concept was first introduced in urban

planning in the 1970s

• incomplete, contradictory, and changing requirements

• Examples: crime, racial segregation, poverty, etc

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What is a Wicked Problem?

• The problem is not understood until after formulation of a solution

• Stakeholders have radically different world views and different frames for understanding the problem

• Constraints and resources to solve the problem change over time

• Solutions to wicked problems are not right or wrong, merely better, worse, good enough, or not good enough.

Clonklin, J

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EIM is a wicked problem!

• You don’t know whether you have the right information until you act upon it

• Different stakeholders have different views on what is the right information

• Information (data and content) and information needs of the enterprise change over time

• Information can lead to a decision that produces better results so it is merely “better” information

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Reducing Wickedness….

• Peripheral Vision

• Pattern Experience

Adam Richardson;, Elaine Kamarck

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Increase Peripheral Vision

• Ability to spot movement at the edges helps detect threats and opportunities earlier

• Increase information coverage and its different levels of detail or abstraction

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Facilitate Pattern Experience

• Previous patterns and their consequences help you understand and identify problems as they develop

• Develop information patterns (gambits)

• Facitate examination of the pattern evolution

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Basic Research Principles

• Evolution

• Integration

• Architecture– Service-based– Ontology-based

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Biovista Case Study

• Biotechnology

• Market Research Services

• Business Event Correlation Analysis • Journal Research Analyst

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Biovista Domain Concepts

• Personnel events – appointments, promotions, staff increases/reductions,

etc.

• Agreements – alliances, licence agreements, mergers, acquisitions, etc.

• Clinical events– phases of clinical experiments of products that are being

developed.

• Product events– launches and sales/purchases of products

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Ontology Architecture

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Ontology Layering

• The lower layers represent more generic and all-purpose ontologies

• The upper layers are customized for certain uses within EIM

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Ontology Model

• Concepts, Instances, Relationships

• Transaction/Valid Time History

}},,,{},,,{|{ sbtvtttTIRCobjobjO Ti

Ti

},,{ Ti

Ti

Ti objobjobj

vttidTTH

},,{ Ti

Ti

Ti objobjobj

vvtidVTH

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Integration

• Intra-layer or Inter-layer

• Structural or Semantic

}},,,{|{ AppDSDomLexobjobjO Ti

Ti

Map

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Integration Example

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Evolution - I

• New, Removed and Modified objects

}){},{},({ ,,,

1

MTk

RTj

NTiO

Lt objobjobjfO L

t

},,,{ AppDSDomLexL

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Evolution - II• Retroactive and Proactive changes

• Consistency Preservation– Structural– Semantic

• Propagation through the mappings

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Evolution Cycle

Changecapture

Structural inconsistencies

detection & resolution

Semantic inconsistencies

detection & resolution

Ontology author review

Change application & propagation

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Evolution ExampleTransaction time Data source instance title Propagated changes Valid time

29/07/2003 Misys Healthcare Systems Completes Asset Purchase of Patient1® Product Line from Per-Se Technologies, Inc.

do:product_name = Misys CPRdo:acquired_by = Misys Healthcare Systemsdo:developed_by = Misys Healthcare Systems

[29/07/2003, now)

27/08/2003 Misys Healthcare Systems Signs Agreement with New York City Health & Hospitals Corporation

do:bought_by = New York City Health & Hospitals Corporation

[27/08/2003, now)

23/09/2003 North Bronx Healthcare Network Integrates Speech Recognition with Misys CPR™ System Enterprise-wide Patient Care and Financial Operations

do:bought_by = North Bronx Healthcare Network

[23/09/2003, now)

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Instance Evolution Example

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Example Application - I

• Business Event Correlation Analysis

• discover temporal causal relationships (correlations) between events in sequences.

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Example Application - II• event types of interest are:

– E1 = COMPANY intents to acquire COMPANY – E2 = COMPANY acquires COMPANY – E3 = COMPANY releases PRODUCT– E4 = PERSON resigns from/appointed to

COMPANY – E5 = COMPANY makes placement into COMPANY

• Group G1 contains E1, E2, E5• Group G2 contains E3, E4

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Sequence Mining - I• discover patterns like

X --> Y [ts, te]

where X and Y are time-dependent events and [ts,te] is a time window

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Sequence Mining - II

• G2 follows G1 within 2 to 4 time units

TimeE2 E4 E5 E3 E1 E3G1 G1 G1G2 G2 G2

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Service-based Architecture

• Information management services(internal/external)

• Information management workflows

• Organisation perspective

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Current Research• Evaluation of EIM

• Information Lifecycle Management– Audit– Retention

• Stakeholder Perspective– Identity management – Ownership

Questions?

THE END

ISIS Seminar – March 2008

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References

1. Barry Murphy, Information Management 101: How To Tackle An Enterprise Information Management Strategy, Forrester Research, January 2006

2. Conklin, Jeff, Wicked Problems & Social Complexity, Wiley, October 2006

3. Richardson, Adam, Wicked Problems: Today's business problems can be impossible to define, let alone solve, Frog Design, Fall 2006.

4. Elaine C. Kamarck, Transforming the Intelligence Community: Improving the Collection and Management of Information, IBM Transforming of Organisation Report Series, October 2005.

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Related Publications• Theodoulidis C. and Loucopoulos P. The Time Dimension in Conceptual Modelling,

Information Systems, Volume 16, Number 3, 1991 • Kakoudakis, I. and Theodoulidis, B. TAU: Towards a Unified Temporal Information

Management Framework, Bulletin of the Italian Association for Artificial Intelligence, (AI*IA), March 2001.

• Alexopoulos, E and Theodoulidis, B. The Generic Information Business Model, International Journal of Information Management (ISSN 0268-4012), Volume 23, Issue 4, Pages 323-336, August 2003.

• Myra Spiliopoulou, Fabio Rinaldi, William J. Black, Gian Piero Zarri, Roland M. Mueller, Marko Brunzel, Babis Theodoulidis, Giorgos Orphanos, Michael Hess, James Dowdall, John McNaught, Maghi King, Andreas Persidis, Luc Bernard. Coupling Information Extraction and Data Mining for Ontology Learning in PARMENIDES, RIAO’2004, Avignon, April 26th-28th, 2004.

• Black, W., Jowett, S., Mavroudakis, T., McNaught, J., Theodoulidis, B., Vasilakopoulos, A., Zarri, G-P., and Zervanou, K. Ontology-enablement of a system for semantic annotation of digital documents, 4th International Workshop on Knowledge Markup and Semantic Annotation (SemAnnot2004), 3rd International Semantic Web Conference, Hiroshima Prince Hotel, Hiroshima, Japan, November 8, 2004.

• Mikrogiannidis, A. and Theodoulidis, B., Heraclitus II: A Framework for Ontology Management and Evolution, Proceedings of the IEEE/WIC/ACM International Joint Conference on Web Intelligence, ISBN 0-xxxx-xxxx-x, Hong Kong, China, December 18-22, 2006.

• Mikroyannidis, A. and Theodoulidis, B., Heraclitus: A Framework for Semantic Web Adaptation, IEEE Internet Computing, (ISSN 1089-7801), Volume 11, Number 3, Pages 45-52, May/June 2007