University of SulaimaniaSchool of ScienceDepartment of Biology2nd Class Year

21st Lab.

Pterygotes - Neopteran Insects: Endopterygotes

Orders: Neuroptera & Siphonaptera

Lecturer: Farhad A. Khudhur

Objectives: This lecture gives knowledge about this lecture gives knowledge about:Ant lions and Aphid lions (order Neuroptera), - Fleas (Order Siphonaptera) Focusing on fleas, the medically important mammalian ectoparasitic insects

Scientific content: - Order Neuroptera (Ant lions and Aphid lions).- Order Siphonaptera (Fleas).

Order: Neuroptera

• complete metamorphosis; • it includes the green and brown lacewings, antlions

and some other insects• Neuropteran adults are soft-bodied, the abdomen is

cylindrical and without cerci • Have four membranous wings that are similar in

size, structure, and venation and that are held roof-like over the body while at rest

• chewing mouthparts• Antennae filiform.• The adults may or may not be predaceous

FAMILY: Myrmeleontidae Myrmeleon spp. (Antlion)

FAMILY:Chrysopidae Chrysopa spp. (Green lacewing)

(Aphidlion)

Order: Neuroptera Family: MyrmeleontidaeMyrmeleon spp. (Antlion)

Order: Neuroptera Family: MyrmeleontidaeMyrmeleon spp. (Antlion)

Order: Neuroptera Family: Chrysopidae

Chrysopa spp .)Green lacewing(

Order: Neuroptera Family: Chrysopidae

Chrysopa spp .)Green lacewing(

Order: Siphonaptera

• The Siphonaptera (Fleas) are laterally compressed, wingless, holometabolous insects.

• All species are parasitic in the adult stage and possess mouthparts modified for piercing and sucking,

• highly modified combs and setae on their body and legs, and legs that are modified for jumping.

• Some species are vectors of disease.

FAMILY: Pulicidae,Some important cosmopolitan fleas that

attack humans and domestic animals, including:

- Xenopsylla cheopsis (Oriental rat flea) , -Pulex irritans (human flea) -Ctenocephalides canis (dog flea),-Ctenocephalides felis (cat flea).

Order: Siphonaptera Family: Pulicidae Pulex irritans

)human flea(

Order: Siphonaptera Family: Pulicidae

Ctenocephalides canis)Dog Flea(

Order: Siphonaptera Family: Pulicidae

Ctenocephalides felis)Cat Flea(

Order: Siphonaptera Family: Pulicidae

Xenopsylla cheopsis)Oriental Rat Flea(

Order: Siphonaptera Family: Pulicidae

Larva & Pupa

References:

• David, B. V. and Ananthakrishnan, T. N. (2004). General and Applied Entomology. 2nd ed. Tata McGraw-hill Publishing Co. Ltd. New Delhi. India. 1184 p.

• Elzinga, Richard J. (1997). Fundamentals of Entomology. 4th ed. New Jersey, Prentice-Hall, Inc. 475 pp.

• Gillot, Cedric. (2005). Entomology. 3rd ed. Springer, Dordrecht. The Netherlands. 831 pp.

• Grzimek’s Animal Life Encyclopedia, 2nd edition. Volume 3, Insects, edited by Michael Hutchins, Arthur V. Evans, Rosser W. Garrison,

• Resh, Vincent H. & Cardé, Ring T. (2003). Encyclopedia of Insects. USA. Academic Press, Elsevier Science, 1266 pp.