Multiple Choices:

1. Computer crime is defined by: a. AITP b. SWAT c. Both (a) & (b) d. None of the above

2. Prototyping is sometimes called: a. ASD b. RSD c. RAD d. None of the above

3. Virtual reality is also called: a. Computer-simulated reality b. Neurons c. Software robots d. Telepresence

4. A trackball is a stationary device related to the: a. Keyboard b. Joystick c. Mouse d. All of the above

5. Hand-held microcomputer devices known as: a. Personal digital assistance b. Super computers c. Both (a) & (b) d. None of the above

6. KMS stands for: a. Knowledge memory

systems b. Knowledge making system c. Knowledge management

systems

d. None of the above

7. A basic system component of information systems is: a. Memory b. Processing c. Storage d. All of the above

8. How many characters uses the MICR system? a. 15 characters b. 18 characters c. 24 characters d. 14 characters

9. EBCDIC stands for: a. Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code b. Extended Binary Coded Decimal Instruction Code c. Extended Binary Coded Data Interchange Code d. Electronic Binary Coded Data Interchange Code

10. The smallest element of data is called: a. Byte b. Bit c. Giga byte d. None of the above

Part Two:

1. Write a note on ‘Cache Memory’.

2. What do know about ‘Assembler’?

3. Write a note on ‘Optical Character Recognition’.

4. Explain the term ‘Electronic commerce’.

Caselet 1

It began as a trading site for nerds, the newly jobless, home-bound housewives, and bored retirees to sell subprime goods: collectibles and attic trash. But eBay quickly grew into a teeming marketplace of 30 million, with its own laws and norms, such as a feedback system in which buyers and sellers

Examination Paper: Information Technology

rate each other on each transaction. When that wasn’t quite enough, eBay formed its own police force to patrol the listings for fraud and kick out offenders. The company even has something akin to a bank: Its Paypal payment-processing unit allows buyers to make electronic payments to eBay sellers who can’t afford a merchant credit card account. “eBay is creating a second, virtual economy,” says W. Brian Arthur, an economist at thi nk tank Santa Fe Institute. “It’s opening up a whole new medium of exchange.” eBay’s powerful vort ex is drawing diverse products and players into its profitable economy, driving its sellers into the heart of traditional retailing, a $2 trillion market. Among eBay’s 12 million daily listings are products from giants such as Sears Roebuck, Home Depot, Walt Disney, and even IBM. More than a quarter of the offerings are listed at fixed prices. The result, says Bernard H. Tenenbaum, president of a retail buyout firm, is “They‘re coming right for the mainstream of the retail business.” S o what started out as a pure consumer auction market-place is now also becoming a big time business-to-consumer and even business-to-business bazaar that is earning record profits for eBay’s stockholders. And as the eBay economy expands, CEO Meg Whitman and her team may find that managing it could get a lot tougher, especially because eBay’s millions of passionate and clamorous users demand a voice in all major decisions. This process is clear in one of eBay’s most cherished institutions: the voice of the Customer program. Every couple of months, the executives of eBay bring in as many as a dozen sellers and buyers, especially its high selling “Power Sellers, ” to ask them questions about how they work and what else eBay needs to do. And at least twice a week, it holds hour-long teleconferences to poll users on almost every new feature or policy, no matter how small. The result is that users feel like owners, and they take the initiative to expand the eBay economy – often beyond management’s wildest dreams. Stung by an aerospace down-turn, for instance, machine-tool shop Reliable Tools Inc., tried listing a few items on eBay in late 1998. Some were huge, hulking chunks of metal, such as a $7,000 2,300-pound milling machine. Yet they sold like ice cream in August. Since then, says Reliable’s auction manager, Richard Smith, the company’s eBay business has “turned into a monster.” Now the Irwindale (California) shop’s $1 million in monthly eBay sales constitutes 75% of its overall business. Pioneers such as Reliable promoted eBay to set up an industrial products marketplace in January that’s on track to top $500 million in gross sales this year.Then there is eBay Motors. When eBay manager Simon Rothman first recognized a market for cars on cars on eBay in early 1999, he quickly realized that such high-ticket items would require a different strategy than simply opening a new category. To jump-start its supply of cars and customers, eBay immediately bought a collector-car auction company, Kruse International, for $150 million in stock, and later did a deal to include listings from online classifieds site, AutoTrader.com. Rothman also arranged insurance and warranty plans, an escrow service, and shipping and inspection services.This approach worked wonder. Sales of cars and car parts, at a $5 billion-plus annual clip, are eBay's single largest market. That has catapulted eBay in front of No. 1 U.S. auto dealer AutoNation in number of used cars sold. About half of the sellers are brick-and-mortar dealers who now have a much larger audience than their local area. “eBay is by far one of my better sources for buyers,” says Bradley Bonifacius, Internet sales director at Dean Stallings Ford in Oak Ridge, Tennessee. And for now, the big corporations, which still account for under 5 percent of eBay’s gross sales, seem to be bringing in more customers then they steal. Motorola Inc., for example, helped kick off a new wholesale business for eBay last year, selling excess and returned cell phones in large lots. Thanks to the initiative of established companies such as Motorola, eBay’s wholesale business jumped ninefold, to $23 million, in the first quarter.As businesses on eBay grow larger, they spur the creation of even more businesses. A new army of merchants, for example, is making a business out of selling on eBay for other people. From almost none a couple of years ago, these so called Trading Assistants now number nearly 23,000. This kind of organic growth makes it exceedingly though to predict how far the eBay economy can go. Whitman professes not to know. “We don’t actually control this,” she admits. “We are not building thi s company by ourselves. We have a unique partner

– million of people.”

Questions:

1. Why has eBay become such a successful and diverse online marketplace? Visit the eBay website to help you answer, and check out their many trading categories, specialty sites, international sites, and other features.

2. Why do you think eBay has become the largest online/offline seller of used cars, and the largest online seller of certain other products, like computers and photographic equipment?

Caselet 2

It’s no secret that somewhere in a back room in the typical Fortune 500 company, there’s a team of analytical wizards running sophisticated data mining queries that mine for gems such as data about about the company’s best customers – those top 20 p ercent of clients that produce 80 percent of the company’s profits. These jewels can be a business’s most valuable intellectual property, which makes them very valuable to competitors. What’s to prevent that data set from walking out the door or falling into the wrong hands? Sometimes, not much. Many companies lack the internal controls to prevent that information from leaking. The problem is that such data is as hard to protect as it is to find. Owens & Minor Inc., a $4 billion medical supplies distributor, counts some of the nation’s largest health care organizations among its customers. In late 1996, it started mining data internally using business intelligence software from Business Objects SA. “From the beginning, we were aware of security issues around this strategic information about our operations,” says Don Stoller, senior director of information systems at Owens & Minor. “For example, a sales executive in Dallas should only have access to analyses from his region.” It is always possible that someone who has legitimate access will abuse that trust, but companies can minimize that potential by strictly limiting access to only those who need it. thus, Owens & Minor uses role-level security functions that clearly define who has access to which data. “This meant we had to build a separate security table in our Oracle database,” says Stoller. A few years later, when the company wanted to open its systems to suppliers and customers, security became even more important. In 1998, Owens & Minor moved quickly to take advantage of Web-intelligence software from Business Objects that’s designed to Web-enable business intelligence systems. The result was Wisdom, an extranet Web portal that lets Owens & Minor’s suppliers and customers access their own transactional data and generate sophisticated analyses and reports from it.“It busi ness-to-business transactions, security is key,” sa ys Stoller. “We had to make absolutely sure that Jhons on & Jhonson, for example, could not see any 3M’s information. This meant we had to set up specific customer and supplier security tables, and we had to maintain new, secured database views using the Oracle DBMS and Business Objects.”Wisdom was such a success that Owens & Min or decided to go into the intelligence business with the launch of wisdom2 in the spring of 2000. “We capture data out of a hospital’s materials management system and load it into our data warehouse,” Stoller explains. A hospital can then make full use of its business-intelligence software to mine and analyze purchasing data. Owens & Minor receives a licensing and maintenance fee for the services.Layers of security and encryption require a considerable amount of overhead data for systems administration. Both Stoller and Michael Rasmussen, an analyst at Giga Information Group, say that’s the main reason security concerns about business intelligence are often swept under the carpet. The issues of authentication (identifying the user) and authorization (what things the user is allowed to do) must be addressed, usually across different applications, Rasmussen says, adding, “Sy stems administration can be a real nightmare.”“We are going through some of this,” say s David Merager, director of Web services and corporate applications at Vivendi Universal Games Inc. (www.vugames.com). “Our business intelligence needs more security attention.” Busine ss intelligence reports come from two systems: an Oracle-based for budgets on a Microsoft SQL Server database. The heart of the business intelligence

Examination Paper: Information Technology

system consists of Microsoft’s OLAP application and software from Comshare Inc. that provides the Web-based front end for the analytics. “Our budget teams use these reports to do real-time analyses,” says Merager. Rodger Sayles, manager of data warehousing at Vivendi Universal, says one way to secure such a system is to assign roles to all users within the Microsoft application. Roles determine precisely what a user is allowed to see and do and are usually managed within a directory. If your computing architecture is amenable to a single, centralized directory that supports roles, this may be an attractive solution. “The problem is that once you have over 40 distinct roles, you run into performance issues, and we have identified about 70 user roles,” Sayles explains. He says there’s way around this difficulty. “I think we are going t o use a combination of Web portals and user roles. A user would sign on through a particular Web portal, which would effectively place the user in a role category. This reduces the overhead burden on the application,” says Sayles.

Questions:

1. Why have developments in IT helped to increase the value of the data resources of many companies?

2. How can companies use IT to meet the challenges of data resources security?

1. What potential security problems do you see in the increasing use of intranets and extranets in business? What might be done to solve such problems? Give several examples.

2. Suppose you are a manager being asked to develop e-business and e-commerce applications to gain a competitive advantage in an important market for your company. What reservations might you have about doing so? Why?

Database Management Systems

Multiple choices:

1. The normal language of database is: a. PHP b. SQL c. C++ d. Java

2. DDL, a database system language: a. Creates table b. Manipulates table c. Cannot work with table d. None

3. Symbol for one to one relationship is…………………………………… …………………

4. HDBMS stands for: a. Hello DBMS b. Hierarchical DBMS c. Hyper DBMS d. High DBMS

5. In Anti joining of R►S means ……………………………………………………………

Part Two:

1. What are “Foreign Keys”?

2. Differentiate between ‘DBMS’ and ‘RDBMS’.

3. Write the syntax to insert charts into a table from another table.

4. What are ‘Armstrong’s Axioms’?

Examination Paper: Information Technology

5. Write short ‘Boyce-Codd Normal Form (BCNF)’.

1. Elaborate the testing of Serializability techniques with example.

2. Explain the working of lock manager.

3. What is deadlock? How is a deadlock detected? Enumerate the method for recovery from the deadlock.

4. Explain why a transaction execution should be atomic. Explain ACID properties, considering the following transaction.

Ti: read (A);

A : = A- 50;

Write (A);Read (B);B : = B + 50;Write (B)

Examination Paper: Information Technology

1. The HR manager has decided to raise the salary for all the employees in department number 30 by 0.25. Whenever any such raise is given to the EMPLOYEES, a record for the same is maintained in the EMP-RAISE table. It includes the employee number, the date when the raise was given and the actual raise. Write a PL/SQL block to update the salary of each employee and insert a record in the EMP-RAISE table.

2. Retrieve the salesman name in ‘New Delhi’ whose ef forts have resulted into atleast one sales transaction.

Table Name : SALES-MASTSalesman-no Name City

B0001 Puneet Kumar VaranasiB0002 Pravin Kumar VaranasiB0003 Radha Krishna New DelhiB0004 Brijesh Kumar New DelhiB0005 Tushar Kumar AllahabadB0006 Nitin Kumar AllahabadB0007 Mahesh Kumar Gr. Noida

Table Name : SALES-ORDEROrder-no Order-date Salesman-no

S0001 10-Apr-07 B0001S0002 28-Apr-07 B0002S0003 05-May-07 B0003S0004 12-June-07 B0004S0005 15-July-07 B0005S0006 18-Aug-07 B0006

END OF SECTION C