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Manual for the Social Impact Assessment of Land- Based
Carbon projects
Dr Michael Richards, Forest Trends (Katoomba Ecosystems Services Incubator)
The Nature ConservancyREDDex
Cancun 13-16 July 2010
The Forest Carbon Offsetting Survey 2009
What do buyers want?
Background
• Literature review: revealed lack of clear guidance/ road map on social impact assessment (SIA) for carbon project developers
• Consortium of 4 NGOs formed to develop Manual
• Manual linked to the CCB Standards
• Donors: World Bank PROFOR, GEF-UNDP, Morgan Stanley, NORAD, USAID
Manual objectives
Main objective:• User friendly guidance for project
developers on how to conduct credible and cost-effective Social Impact Assessment (SIA)
Sub-objectives:• Strengthen & deepen application of
CCB Standards• Increase socio-economic benefits,
and avoid negative impacts via good practice SIA
• Increase stakeholder engagement• Contribute to adaptive project
management
Some key challenges for SIA
• ‘Attribution’: social benefits must be additional – caused by project
• Nature of social impacts: long-term, unpredictable (-ve or +ve), indirect
• Cost-effectiveness: transaction cost; high cost of traditional SIA methods (US $50-150K)
• Paucity of research data on social impacts
Time
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Attributable impacts
Additionality and attribution
Without-project scenario
With-project scenario
CCB Standards: net and ‘additional’ (to ‘without project’) social impacts
SIA Stage 2: Social reference scenario (‘without project’ situation)
SIA Stage1: Original conditions study and stakeholder identification
SIA Stage 3: Project design and theory of change (‘with project’ situation)
SIA Stage 4: Negative social impacts and mitigation measures
SIA Stage 5: Selection of indicators of positive social change (WHAT to measure?)
SIA Stage 6: Monitoring plan and data collection methods (HOW to measure?)
SIA Stage 7: Data analysis, reporting & stakeholder verification
Proposed Social Impact Assessment (SIA) Stages
Time
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s Additionality at CCB Validation stage
SIA Stage 1: Original Conditions Study (G1)
Expected impacts
SIA Stage 2: Social reference scenario (G2)SIA Stage 3: Project design and theory of change (G3)
SIA Stage 3: Project design & theory of change
• Causal model or theory of change: the project’s hypothesis of how it will achieve its social objectives
• If short to mid term outcomes can be identified, and then linkages to impacts → good chance of impacts happening
IMPACTS OUTCOMES Strategy
OUTPUTS ACTIVITIES
Ends Means
Assess causative linkages/assumptions between outputs, outcomes and impacts via developing IF … THEN statements. Then monitor whether linkages or assumptions hold true in reality
SIA Stage 5: Selection of indicators
• WHAT to measure? Indicators
• Clear social objectives or desired results are essential
• Best to use causal model: indicators should capture key linkages
• Sustainable Livelihoods Framework
• Community decided evaluation indicators
• SMART indicators
SIA Stage 6: Community Monitoring Plan
• HOW to measure? Data collection methods for measuring the indicators
• Toolbox: Part II of Manual
• Participatory data collection methods are essential for credibility & cost-effectiveness
Some good practice guidelines for SIA
• Invest in early technical assistance - SIA design
• Invest time in clarifying social objectives and how to achieve them using causal model or theory of change approach
• Invest time in selecting indicators
• Use participatory data collection methods
• Keep the stakeholders informed
• ‘Appropriate imprecision’ – tell a convincing story with some data (indicators) to back it up. More of an Art than a Science!
Timeline for developing the SIA Manual
• Field testing phase – ‘hands-on’ and ‘hands-off’ - July to November
• Spanish translation: early August
• Training workshops: Peru, Tanzania
• Peer review comments: Aug – Oct.
• Analysis of field testing: Nov/Dec
• Revision & publication in early 2011
Accessing Manual and contact details
www.forest-trends.org/ publications.php
Please send comments orfeedback on SIA Manual to:
[email protected]@climate-standards.org
THANK YOU!